2014年6月大学英语六级答案解析(卷二)

2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题(二)答案与详解PartⅠWriting

1、审题:本次作文仍旧是六级考试中常见的体裁:议论文【考频:★★★】。此次作文话题告诉我们，在做事情时不应孤注一掷，而要作多手准备，很具哲理意味。该作文不仅考查考生描述一个社会现象或分析一个社会问题的能力，同时还考查考生的思辨能力和论证能力。考生应该将重点放在阐释作多手准备的益处上，如作多手准备可以降低风险，同时有助于保持平衡的生活。

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2、列提纲：

3.语言:注意用词的准确性，适当使用表示衔接的过渡词及高分句式。

Do Not Put Everything on a Single Venture

As an English saying goes,“Do not put all your eggs in one basket.”What it reveals is that it is unwise to be totally dependent on one resource.

This proverb is applicable in our daily life.To begin with,having a plan B can reduce the risk of unexpected and disastrous results especially when it comes to important events.For example,if you want the admission to college,you should fill in application forms of several colleges apart from the one you desire.In this way,there is a big chance for you to be admitted.What is more,paying attention to all the aspects at the same time contributes to a more balanced life.If a student only focuses on sports or other extracurricular activities and neglects his school study,he is more likely to lag behind in terms of academic performance.

Therefore,it is unadvisable to put everything on a single venture.Having a backup plan,though costly sometimes,could save a lot of headaches and even be a lifesaver.

PartⅡListening Comprehension

1.听力原文：M：Look at the low prices on these fashionable TV sets.Something is fishy.Don’t you think so? W：Well,there have been a lot of robberies recently.Some of the stolen goods may have landed here.

Q：What does the woman imply about the low-priced television sets?

1.A)They might be stolen goods.C)They might be faulty products.

B)They might be fake products.D)They might be smuggled goods.【预测】四个选项都包含might，表示一种猜测。结合选项中的stolen goods,fake products，faulty products，smuggled goods可以推测，They指的是商品，听录音时应注意这些商品出了什么问题。

【精析】A)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。男士说这些时尚的电视机价格很低，fishy在此处意为“可疑的”;女士说，最近有很多起抢劫，一些被偷的商品可能在这里。据此可推测出女士的意思是这些电视机

可能是贼赃。

2.听力原文：M:I’ve been assigned to cover the governess’s speech today.What about you?

W：Nothing is grand as yours.I have to do an interview for the evening news about a man with dozens of cats. Q：What do we learn about the speakers?

2.A)They are civil servants.C)They are news reporters.

C)They are job applicants.D)They are public speakers.

【预测】四个选项均是对They的职业的描述，推测题目考查的是对话中两人或对话涉及的其他人的身份。

听录音时应注意谈话者对于工作内容和工作场景的描述。

【精析】C)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。男士提到，自己今天要报道女州长的演讲，cover在此处意为“报道”;女士说自己要做晚间新闻的采访。两人的工作都与新闻报道有关，可见他们的职业为新闻记者。

3.听力原文：W:Didn’t I see you going into the administr at ion buil di ng this afternoon? M：I needed to switch my computer class to the9:50section.

Q：What do we learn from the conversation?

3.A)The man has decided to quit his computer class.

B)The woman wants to get a degree in administration.

C)A computer degree is a must for administrative work.

D)The man went to change the time of his computer class.

【预测】四个选项的主语不一致。由A)、C)、D)三项中出现的computer和B)、C)两项中出现的

a dministration，administrative work可知，对话内容涉及行政管理和电脑。

【精析】D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士问男士是否在今天下午去了行政管理大楼，男士陈述他去的目的是要把电脑课的时间调至9:50。switch sth.to...意为“将某物转换(调换)为……”。

4.听力原文：W：I guess you watched the quiz show on television last night.What did you think about it?

M：Well,it was great.The first four contestants won only small prizes,but fifth left with a new luxury car.

Q:What does the man mean?

4.A)A lot of contestants participated in the show.

B)The fifth contestant won the biggest prize.

C)It was not as exciting as he had expected.

D)It was sponsored by a car manufacturer.

【预测】结合四个选项中出现的contestants，won，prize，sponsored可知，对话内容可能涉及某项比赛及参赛者的获奖情况。

【精析】B)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中的女士问男士看了昨晚的智力问答后感觉怎么样，男士说节目很棒，前四个参赛者都获得了小奖品而第五个带走了一辆崭新的豪华汽车。a new luxury car,在B)

选项中被替换为the biggest prize。

5.听力原文：W：I cant find the arrival time of the New York to Boston Express on this schedule.

M：Look for New York in the left-hand column and follow it across until you find the hour listed in the Boston

column.

Q：What are the speakers most probably doing?

5.A)Reading a newspaper column.C)Driving from New York to Boston.

B)Looking at a railway timetable.D)Waiting for someone at the airport.【预测】四个选项均为现在分词短语，推测题目可能考查某人正在做某事。另外，结合选项中的railway timetable，Driving，airport可知，对话内容可能涉及某种交通方式的行程安排。

【精析】B)。语义理解题【考频:★★★】。女士对男士说在时刻表上找不到从纽约到波士顿的快车(Express)的到达时间，男士让她在左边一栏里找到纽约，然后沿着它横向寻找，直到找到波士顿一栏里的到达时间。由此可见，两位说话者在看列车时刻表。

6.听力原文：W：You look different today,but I can’t quite put my finger on what it is.

M:Oh,yesterday I finally got around to that new barbershop in the mall and enjoyed their services.

Q:What can be inferred about the man?

6.A)He wears a coat bought in the mall.C)He had a finger hurt last night.

C)He got a new job at the barbershop.D)He had his hair cut yesterday.

【预测】四个选项都以He为主语，描述了He的状况。结合语义A)“他穿着在商场里买来的外套”、B)“他在理发店找到了新工作”、C)“他昨晚有一根手指受伤了”、D)“他昨天理发了”可知，听录音时应注意对男士现状的描述。

【精析】D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士表示男士今天看上去不大一样，但是不能准确指出哪里不一样;男士说昨天终于去了那家在商场里的新理发店，享受了理发店的服务。由此可见，男士昨天理发了。

7.听力原文：W：What do you think of Picasso’s paintings exhibited in the city museum?

M：Personally I can’t quite see the meaning in his modern works.Most of them remind me of the stuff my nephew brings home from the kindergarten.

Q：What does the man mean?

7.A)He cannot appreciate the Picasso exhibition.

B)Even his nephew can draw as well as Picasso.

C)He is not quite impressed with modern paintings.

D)Some drawings by kindergarten kids are excellent.

【预测】由四个选项中出现的Picasso，modern paintings，drawings可知，对话内容与绘画相关。另外，A)、B)、C)三项均与He相关，故听录音时应注意男士的话。

【精析】A)。弦外之音题【考频:★★☆】。对话中女士问男士感觉城市博物馆中展出的毕加索的画怎么样，男士说看不出毕加索的现代派画作表达的意义，这些画让他想起他侄子从幼儿园拿回来的那些画。言外之意，男士欣赏不了毕加索的画展。

8.听力原文：W：Rod said he wanted to get involved in student government this year.

M：But he hasn’t gone to a single meetings has he?

Q:What does the man imply about Rod?

8.A)He should not put the cart before the horse.

B)His conduct does not square with his words.

C)His attitude to student government has changed.

D)He has long been involved in student government.

【预测】由选项中出现的He，His conduct,His attitude可知，题目涉及对某位男士的描述。A)、B)两项涉及该男士盼品行;put the cart before the horse意为“本末倒置”，square with意为“与……保持一致”。

C)、D)两项涉及该男士的态度和经历。听录音时，应注意对话中男士的话或是对提及的某位男士的描述。【精析】B)。弦外之音题【考频:★★☆】。对话中女士对男士说Rod想参加学生会，男士说Rod从来没有参加过会议，以此提出质疑。由此可以推断，Rod的言行不一致。

9-12.听力原文：M：Good morning,madam.Can I help you?

W：Oh,I do hope so.I have to get to Manchester today and my own car has broken down.Do you by any chance have a car available?

M：For how many days,madam?

W：Three,just until the weekend.

M：And what sort of car did you have in mind?

W：Well,that depends a bit on the price.But I normally drive a Cavalier.Do you have anything like that?

M：Yes,certainly.That’s group C which includes Cavalier and Sea-arrows.

W：How much are they?

M：Well,for three days,you would have to have it under the unlimited mileage conditions，which will work out cheaper for Manchester anyway.Let’s see,Group C,three-to five-day hire with unlimited mileage is53pounds per day.

W：I see.Does that include everything?

M:It includes third-party insurance,but does not include value-added tax,petrol or CDW.

W:What’s that?

M:CDW?Oh,that’s to cover you in case you damage the hired car.Third-party insurance only covers you for damage to another vehicle.For Group C cars it’s6pounds per day.

W：OK.I think I’ll have the Cavalier.

M:Right.Could I have your driving license please?

W：Certainly.Here we are.

M:So,it’s Mrs.J.B.Couty.

W:Yes.That’s right.

M：And the number is509024bc9cs,expiring1st July,2015.And you want to take it immediately?

W：Yes,I do,please.

M：Lovely.Well,if you could,just initial that box there for the CDW,and that box there to confirm you have known driving convictions.Thank you,and then sign there.Great!That’s it!

9.Why does the woman want to hire a car?

A)She left her own car in Manchester.

B)Something went wrong with her car.

C)She wants to go traveling on the weekend.

D)Her car won’t be back in a week’s time.

【预测】四个选项均与女士的车有关，结合语义A)“她把车留在曼彻斯特了”、B)“她的车出了毛病”、

C)“她想周末出游”、D)“她的车一周内不会回来”，推测本题考查女士的车出现的问题及其造成的影响。

10.What is the woman’s main consideration in hiring a car?

A)Safety.C)Size.

B)Comfort.D)Cost

【预测】选项中出现了四个名词，“安全”、“舒适”、“大小”和“花费”，推测本题考查对于一件物品最关注的方面或者做出一个选择的主要考虑。

11.What does the daily charge include?

A)Third-party insurance.C)Petrol

B)Value-added tax D)CDW

【预测】四个选项均为名词，结合语义A)“第三方责任险”、B)“增值税”、C)“汽油”、D)“车辆碰撞险(Collision Damage Waiver)”，并根据第9、10题的选项，可知本题可能考查与汽车配套的某种服务。

答案详解：

9.B)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。对话一开头女士说她的车坏了，并询问有没有车(可以租)。B)“她的车出了毛病”是对原文的同义替换。

10.D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中男士询问女士想要什么类型的车，女士提到她租车主要考虑价格。cost“费用”同义替换了原文中的price“价格”。

11.A)。细节辨认题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士询问费用中包括了些什么，男士说包含第三方责任险，不包含增值税、汽油（的花费)和车辆碰撞险。

Conversation Two

12、What are the speakers discussing?

A)How to update the basic facilities.C)Where to locate their plant.

B)What to do to enhance their position.D)How to attract investments.【预测】四个选项分别针对四个不同的方面进行提问，推测本题考查对话的主旨大意。结合选项中的facilities，plant和investments可知，对话应该是围绕着工厂和投资展开。

13、What does the woman say about Bilbao,Vitoria and San Sebastian?

A)Their road link to other European countries is fast.

B)They are all located in the south of France.

C)They are very close to each other.

D)Their basic facilities are good.

【预测】选项中反复出现Their，They，结合选项中出现的road link，located in，close to，facilities are good可知，本题考查某些事物的位置或特点。听录音时应注意对话中的复数主语。

14、What does the woman think they should do?

A)Try to avoid making a hasty decision.C)Talk with the local authorities.

B)Take advantage of the train links.D)Conduct field surveys first.

【预测】四个选项均为动词原形短语，结合语义A)“避免匆忙做出决定”、B)“利用铁路的优势”、C)“与当地政府商谈”、D)“先进行实地调查”，推测本题考查对于做某件事的建议。

15、What is the man concerned about?

A)Future product distribution.C)Road and rail links for small towns.

B)Local employment policies.D)Skilled workforce in the hilly region.

【预测】四个选项均为名词短语，结合语义和第12、13、14题的选项可知，四个选项中的内容均为完成某事所需要考虑的因素。听录音时应注意对话中人物所关心的问题。

听力原文：

W:So，possible locations for the plant.First,the basic facilities for the region are generally very good.At least between the three main cities,Bilbao,Vitoria in the south and San Sebastian.There is now a fast train link to the south of France and the rest of Spain.All these improvements affect Bilbao principally,but the whole region benefits.First,the port area has been completely modernized and relocated.And the airport has also been extended. So the basic facilities are good.

M:Right.So,are we in a position to choose one of these cities?

W:Well，let’s not rush into anything.I think it would be a bad idea to assume we’re going to choose a city.It might be better to think about one of the smaller towns.

M：Smaller places.Yes.So,should we get details on the possible places?

W:Yes.We could do that.But we need,I think,first,to check a few things,for example,tax benefits,grants and anything like that,for locating to a smaller place,not one of the main cities.Then we could make a better decision. M:Yes.I agree.You’ve talked about the improved transport links in Bilbao.What about the links to the smaller towns?If it’s a mountainous or hilly region，it could take an hour or more for a truck to reach a main road.So I think we need to look specifically at the train and road links for smaller towns.

W：Yes,you’re right.Road and rail,and the financial position.

答案详解：

12、C)。主旨大意题【考频:★☆☆】。对话一开始女士就针对可能的工厂建设位置做出了一系列分析，而此后两人的对话也一直围绕着工厂选址这一主题展开。

13、D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士讲解了在Bilbao,Vitoria,San Sebastian建厂的好处，提到了那里铁路系统发达，港口重新选址后更为现代化，机场也扩建了，最后总结，该地区的基础设施非常好。

14、A)。细节推断题【考频:★★☆】。对话中男士问是否要选取三个城市中的一个,女士说不要匆忙做任何事，A)“尽量避免做出轻率的决定”是对原文的同义替换。对话中多次提到火车，B)为强干扰项，应仔细区分。

15、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。对话中女士提议把地址选在小一些的地方，并列举了这样做的种种好处，男士则提出了应特别关注小城镇的交通问题。

Section B

Passage One

16、What does the study by Debra Gold'find about older people?

A)One fifth of them were on bad terms with their sisters and brothers.

B)About one eighth of them admitted to lingering bitter feelings.

C)More than half of them were involved in inheritance disputes.

D)Most of them had broken with their sisters and brothers.

【预测】选项中出现了One fifth,one eighth，More than half，Most这类表示数量或比例的词，听录音时应注意可以替换的数字。另外，由选项中的sisters and brothers,inheritance disputes可知，短文主题可能涉及兄弟姐妹间的亲情。

17、What has probably caused closeness to increase among sisters and brothers according to Victor Chichiarelli?

A)Less concern with money matters.C)Advance in age.

B)More experience in worldly affairs.D)Freedom from work.

【预测】四个选项均为名词短语，且提到了money，experience,age和Freedom from work，结合第16题的选项可知，本题应该是考查影响兄弟姐妹间亲情的因素。

18、What did the man who had recently reconciled with his brother tell Debra Gold about older people?

A)They have little time left to renew contact with their brothers and sisters.

B)They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs.

C)They are more tolerant of one another.

D)They find close relatives more reliable.

【预测】四个选项均以They为主语，描述了They对待他人的行为或态度。另外，根据前两题推断出短文的主题为兄弟姐妹间的亲情，推测本题考查特定人群对待兄弟姐妹的态度或做法。

听力原文：

In a study of older people with sisters and brothers,psychologist Debra Gold of the Duke Center for the study of aging and human development found that about20%said they were either hostile or indifferent toward their sisters and brothers.Reasons for this ranged from inheritance disputes to hostility between spouses.But,many of those who had poor relationships felt guilty.Although most people admitted to some lingering rivalry,it was rarely strong enough to end the relationship.Only four out of the55people interviewed had completely broken with their sisters and brothers and only one of the four felt comfortable with the break.As sisters and brothers advance into old age,closeness increases and rivalry diminishes，explains Victor Chichiarelli,a psychologist at Purdue University.Most of the elderly people he interviewed said they had supportive and friendly dealings and got along well or very well with their sisters and brothers.Only4%got along poorly.Gold found that as people age,they often become more involved with and interested in their sisters and brothers.53%of those she interviewed said that contact with their sisters and brothers increase in late adulthood.With family and career obligations reduced, many said they had more time for each other.Others said that they felt it was time to heal wounds.A man who had recently reconciled with his brother told Gold there’s something that lets older people put aside the bad deeds of the past and focus a little on what we need now,especially when it5s sisters and brothers.

答案详解：

16、A)。细节辨认题【考频:★★☆】。短文开头提到一项针对有兄弟姐妹的年长者的研究显示，他们中的20%对兄弟姐妹有敌意或是很冷漠。A)项的五分之一是20%的替换，故答案为A)项。

17、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文中心理学家解释随着年龄的增长，人们与兄弟姐妹的亲密感会增加，对抗会.逐渐消失,C)项中的Advance意为“增长”。

18、B)。细节推断题【考频:★★★】。在短文的最后一部分说话者指出，老年人会把不好的事情放一边，

转而着眼现在，尤其是当事关兄弟姐妹的时候。

Passage Two

19、What is unique about monarch butterflies according to the speaker?

A)They have bright colors and intricate patterns.

B)They can only survive in parts of the Americas.

C)They are the only insect that migrates along fixed routes.

D)They have strong wings capable of flying long distances.

【预测】四个选项均以They为主语，描述了They的特点。结合选项中的bright colors，survive，insect，strong wings,推测They应是一种昆虫。听录音时应留意某种昆虫的特点。

20、Where do monarch butterflies settle at the end of their migration?

A)In a Michigan mountain forest.C)In a Kentucky mountain forest.

B)In a Louisiana mountain forest.D)In a Mexican mountain forest.

【预测】四个选项均为表示地点的介词短语，短文中可能都会涉及，听录音时应注意区分每一地点所发生的事件。

21、What does the speaker say about monarch butterflies’reproduction?

A)Each flock of butterflies lays eggs in the same states.

B)They start to lay eggs when they are nine months old.

C)Each generation in a cycle lays eggs at a different place.

D)Only the strongest can reach their destination to lay eggs.

【预测】四个选项均与lay eggs“产卵，下蛋”有关，但侧重点各不相同。结合选项中的in the same states, nine months old,at a different place,the strongest可知，本题可能考查某种生物繁殖的地点、时间等状况。

22、What is the talk mainly about?

A)Evolution of monarch butterflies.

B)Living habits of monarch butterflies.

C)Migration patterns of monarch butterflies.

D)Environmental impacts on monarch butterfly life.

【预测】四个选项均为名词短语，概括性较强，故推测本题考查主旨大意。听录音时可留意短文开头或结尾处的点题句。

听力原文：

Monarch butterflies,the large orange and black insects,are a common summer sight in the northern United States and Canada.They brighten parks and gardens as they fly among the flowers.What makes monarch butterflies particularly interesting is that they migrate—all the way to California or Mexico and back.They are thought to be the only insect that does this.Every year in the late summer,monarchs begin their migration to the south.Those heading for Mexico go first for the Louisiana-Mississippi region.Then they fly across the Gulf of Mexico into Texas.Once in Mexico,they establish themselves in one of about15sites in a mountain forest.Each site provides a winter home for millions of monarchs.The butterflies are so numerous that they often cover entire trees.When spring comes,they begin their long journey north.The question is often asked whether every butterfly makes the round trip journey every year.And the answer is no.The average monarch lives about nine months.So one flying north might lay eggs in Louisiana and then die.The eggs of that generation may be found in Kentucky;the eggs of the next generation may end up in Wisconsin or Michigan.The last generation of the season about the fourth will make the journey back to Mexico and restart the cycle.Scientists learn about monarch butterflies’migration by capturing and placing identifying tags on the insects.By recapturing a tagged monarch and noting where it came from,the next scientist can figure out things like butterfly’s age and its routing.

答案详解：

19、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文中提到帝王蝶（即黑脉金斑蝶)每年夏末便开始了它们去往南方的迁徙，它们被认为是唯一一种这样做的昆虫。C)“它们是唯一一类沿固定路线迁徙的昆虫”符合语义。

20、D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。短文中提到蝴蝶们会向墨西哥进发，到了墨西哥之后，它们会在山林处停下，其数目之多，足以覆盖整片山林。

21、C)。细节推断题【考频:★★★】。短文中提到，它们可能在Louisiana，Kentucky，Wisconsin or Michigan，Mexico繁衍后代，地点各不一样。

22、C)。主旨大意题【考频:★☆☆】。短文以主要篇幅介绍了帝王蝶（即黑脉金斑蝶）的迁徙，且短文结尾部分说话者指出科学家们通过捕捉并放置标识来研究其迁徙。

Passage Three

23、What does the speaker say people now feel about time?

A)Time has become more limited.C)Time is money.

B)Time has become more precious.D)Time is relative.

【预测】四个选项均是对Time的描述，听录音时应注意关于时间的观念。另外，B)“时间变得更宝贵了”和C)“时间就是金钱”意思重复，可以初步排除。

24、What do the data from major time use surveys show?

A)Americans now attach more importance to the effective use of time.

B)Americans today have more free time than earlier generations.

C)The number of hours Americans work has increased steadily.

D)More and more Americans feel pressed for time nowadays.

【预测】四个选项均提到了美国人如何利用时间，以及对时间的态度，听录音时应注意关于美国人时间观念的表述。

25、What happens when we think about our time as money?

A)Our interpersonal relationships improve.C)Our living habits are altered.

B)Our work efficiency increases greatly.D)Our behavior is changed.

【预测】四个选项均为人们某一类行为的变化，听录音时应注意人们行为变化的原因以确认其与题目所问内容吻合。

听力原文：

People nowadays seem to have the sense that their-time has become more limited,that compared to earlier generations,we spend more and more time working and have less and less free time to engage in leisure pursuits. But this premise turns out to be an illusion.The most comprehensive data from major time use surveys suggest that,if anything,Americans today have more free time than earlier generations.The number of hours we work has not changed much,but we spend less time now on home tasks.So we have a greater amount of time for leisure than in decades past.So why do we feel like time is so scarce?One problem is that our time has become more valuable and as time becomes worth more money,we feel like we have less of it.Workers who bill or get paid by the hour,think lawyers and fast-food workers,report focusing more on pursuing more money than those who get paid at salary and the effect happens fast.In one experiment,people were told to play the role of consultants and bill their time at either nine dollars an hour or ninety dollars an hour.When people billed their time for ninety dollars an hour they reported feeling far more pressed for time.Thinking about our time as money changes our behavior as well.In one study,people who were instructed to think about money before entering a cafe spent less time chatting with the other patrons and more time working.Those who were thinking about their time did the reverse,spending time socializing instead of working.

答案详解：

23、A)。观点态度题【考频:★☆☆】。短文一开头就提到如今人们感到自己的时间变得更为有限，相比前几代人，我们把大量的时间投入到工作中，而几乎没有时间进行业余活动。

24、B)。细节辨认题【考频:★★☆】。短文中提到来自一些大型的时间用途调查的最全面的数据表明，现

在的美国人相比前几代人有更多的空余时间，人们工作的时间没变多少，而花在家务上的时间缩短了。25、D)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。在短文结尾说话者提到，当我们认为我们的时间就是金钱时，我们的行为也会发生改变。

Section C

26、taking into consideration。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填人现在分词作状语。结合录音填人taking into consideration，意为“考虑到……”。

27、literary。修饰关系题【考频:★★☆】。由空格前面的a和后面的work可知，此处应填人一个形容词作定语，修饰名词work。结合录音填人literary,意为“文学的”。

28、imposed。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。空格所在句子缺少动词作谓语，且全篇时态为一般过去时，可知空格处应填人动词的过去式。结合录音填入imposed，意为“强加,强制实行”。

29、anticipate。并列关系题【考频:★★☆】分析句子结构可知，空格处所填成分应与前一分句的provide并列，因此空格处应填入动词原形。结合录音填入anticipate，意为“预计，预测”。30、violations。并列关系题【考频:★★☆】。分析句子结构可知，空格处所填成分应与and后面的abuses并列，因此空格处应填入名词的复数形式。结合录音填入violations，意为“违反，违背”。

31、financial。修饰关系题【考频:★★☆】。由空格前的定冠词the和空格后的名词rewards 可知，此处应填人能修饰名词的形容词。结合录音填入financial，意为“金融的”。financial rewards意为“经济回报”。

32、avenue。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。由空格前的不定冠词an可知，此处应填入一个可数名词的单数形式。结合录音填入avenue，意为“大道”。an avenue for remedy意为“一种补偿的途径”。

33、amended。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。空格前的has been表明本句为现在完成时的被动语态，空格处应填入动词的过去分词。结合录音填人amended，意为“修改”。

34、in the wake of。修饰关系题【考频:★★☆】。空格所在句子不缺少主干成分，此处应填人副词或介词短语构成状语。结合录音填入in the wake of，意为“紧随……而来”。

35、interpret。句意推断题【考频:★★★】。由空格前的need to和其后的the law可知，此处应填入动词原形，且该词能和law搭配。结合录音填入interpret，意为“解释”。

PartⅢReading Comprehension

Section A

答案详解：

36、F)。动词辨析题。空格位于介词of之后、名词teeth之前,并且后面紧跟and连接的并列短语diseased gums,据此推断空格处应该填人形容词或形容词性质的分词形式来修饰teeth,而且该词在意思上应该与diseased相关，即与疾病相关。根据上句提到的“口腔卫生”和空格所在句提到的“出现病变的齿龈”，可以推断空格处所填词应与牙齿出现的病变有关，故答案为decayed “腐烂，变坏”。decayed teeth意为“龋齿”。

37、G)。名词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a和形容词比较级greater,后为不定式结构，据此推断空格处应该填人名词。再结合空格所在句信息，那些看到令人恐惧的材料的受试者显得更为焦虑，因此在改变牙齿护理方面也表现出更强的，由前半句中的anxiety可知，空格处应填表示积极意义的名词，结合备选项，可确定答案为desire“渴望，欲望”。

38、O)。动词辨析题。空格所在句为疑问句，be动词were位于句首，而且空格后为介词into,据此推断空格处应该填人动词的过去分词形式，而且该动词能和介词into搭配。备选项中，符合要求的只有.translated“转变，变化”。本句意为:但是，这些反应能够切实地转化成更好的口

腔卫生行为吗？

39、L)。名词辨析题。空格位于介词on和数词two之后，且空格后括号中用来补充说明的内容与时间有关，据此推断空格处应该填人与时间有关的名词。结合句意，为了回答这个重要的问题，受试者们分别在实验开展五天之后和六周之后这两个____被召洄实验室，故答案为occasions “时刻，时候”。

40、K)。名词辨析题。空格位于不定冠词a和形容词direct之后，而且空格后为介词of引导的从句，据此推断空格处应该填么名词。本句前半部分提到受试者在牙疾诊断片上留下的红色污点，后半部分提到他们护理牙齿的程度。根据常识可知，进行医疗检查就是为了发现存在的疾病或者出现的问题，因此牙疾诊断片上留下的红色污点能够为医生的诊断提供信息或参考，由此确定答案为indication“迹象，标示”。

41、D)。形容词辨析题。空格前面有并列连词and,and前为形容词比较级greater,因此and后面应该也是形容词比较级;空格前已经给出more,据此推断空格处为形容词原形。下一句提到了关注口腔卫生的一个具体事例—刷牙，故确定答案为concrete“具体的”。

42、J)。动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，空格前为句子的主语，句子的谓语动词为brushed,据此推断空格处所填词和to high-fear warnings共同充当后置定语，修饰主语the subjects。根据文意，此处的受试者就是指第一段提到的看到多幅可怕图片的受试者。exposed有“接触，体验”的意思，与看到图片意思一致，因此确定为本题的答案。

43、C)。副词辨析题。空格位于动弇短语brushed their teeth之后，且空格前还有比较级的标志词more,据此推断空格处应该填人副词。根据上一句的信息可知，高恐惧诉求的确能够让受试者在口腔卫生方面产生更大的、更具体的变化。那么，具体到刷牙上，高恐惧诉求的受试者应该会更谨慎，故确定答案为cautiously“慎重地，谨慎地”。备选词里还有另一个副词carefully，其意思侧重于指一般言行上的谨慎小心；而cautiously常指为了避免危险或犯错误而对自己说的话或做的事十分小心。本文中高恐惧诉求组的受试者对可怕的图片心有余悸，为了避免患上同样的疾病，会非常谨慎，因此cautiously更适合作为本题的答案。

44、I)。形容词辨析题。空格位于be given之后，名词guidelines之前，据此推断空格处应该填人形容词。由句思可知，要想成为一种行之有效的说服手段，提供的信息不能让人感到过于恐惧，而且应该给人们提供指导以帮助他们减少产生恐惧的原因，结合备选项，确定答案为eligible“合格的，有资格的”。

45、E)。名词辨析题。空格位于定冠词the之后，of引导的介词短语之前，据此推断空格处应该填入名词。结合上一句，要想成为一种行之有效的说服手段，就必须做到两点，否则人们就可能会否认这些信息或否认信息传播者的_，结合备选项，确定答案为credibility“可信度，可靠性”。Section B

Passage One

46、Tenants in Common Grounds residences all want more room for storage.

M)。【译文】Common Ground居住区的住户们都希望存储空间再大一些。

【精析】同义转述题。由题干中的Tenants和more room for storage定位到M)段第五、六句。该段内容都是在引用Haggerty所说的话，她是Common Ground这一机构的创始人，她所讲述的也是关于Common Ground目前的情况。定位句提到，当被问到住在Common Ground居住区的住户们最想要什么时，Haggerty的回答是“人们总是希望存储空间能再大一些”，题干中的want more room for storage是对定位句中的want more storage space的同义转述，故答案为M)。

47、Homes Campaign provides first-hand proof that the homeless are not what they were once believed to be.

D)。【译文】“安家行动”提供了第一手的证据，证明那些无家可归的人们并不是人们之前所认为的那样。

【精析】细节归纳题。由题干中的Homes Campaign和first-hand定位到D)段末句。D)段倒数第

二句提到，我们心中都有一种感觉，认为大街上无家可归的人从根本上就与拥有住房的人不一样，定位句指出，“十万安家行动”却给出了第一手的经验，说明事实并非如此。也就是说，我们以往对无家可归的人的看法是错误的。题干中的first-hand proof对应定位句中的first-hand experience,题干中的not what they were once believed to be与定位句中的that is really not the case意思一致，题干是对定位句的归纳总结，故答案为D)。

48、Common Ground’s residences are well-managed and by and large peaceful.

L)。【译文】Common Ground的居住区管理良好，总体来看，十分平静。

【精析】细节归纳题。由题干中的well-managed定位到L)段首句。定位句中的properties指的是K)段中提到的Common Ground’s large residences，与题干的主语对应。定位句提到，无家可归的人入住后，问题并不多，接下来的几句指出，在过去的10年间，住户间发生争执的事件仅有几起。涂鸦和破坏的现象很少。人员流动的数量几乎可以忽略不计。由此可知，那里的生活十分平和安宁。题干是对本段内容的归纳总结，故答案为L)。

49、Housing the homeless is only the first step to solving all their problems.

G)。【译文】让无家可归的人有房可住仅仅是解决他们所有问题的第一步。

【精析】同义转述题。由题干中的the first step和solving all their problems定位到G)段最后两句。定位句引用了O’Connell医生的话，他认为，情况在向好的方面发展，然而，并不是说把无家可归的人安置到房子里就能够解决他们的所有问题。这只是第一步。O’Connell提到的someone指的就是the homeless，题干中的Housing the homeless对应定位句中的putting someone in housing，题干中的solving是对定位句中addressing—词的同义转述，故答案为G)。

50、A large percent of the chronically homeless have suffered from brain injury.

E)。【译文】很多长期无家可归的人都遭受过脑部创伤。

【精析】同义转述题。由题干中的the chronically homeless和brain injury定位到E)段第三句。定位句提到，James O’Connell医生在过去的25年间，一直在对那些大街上最脆弱的无家可归者进行治疗，据他估计，他接触的无家可归者中，有40%的长期无家可归者都曾经受过大脑创伤。也就是说，很多长期无家可归的人曾遭受过脑部创伤。题干中的A large percent对应定位句中的40percent，题千中的the chronically homeless对应定位句中的the longterm homeless people。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为E)。

51、After being housed many homeless people become confused at first as to how to deal with life off the street.

H)。【译文】拥有住房后，很多无家可归的人最初都很困惑，不知道离开大街后生活该怎么过。【精析】细节推断题。由题干中的After being housed，homeless people和at first定位到H)段前四句。定位句提到，拥有住处后，曾经无家可归的人会变得与世隔绝和孤独，如果他们已经在大街上生活了很多年，他们或许已经建立了某种身份，并且为自己的生存技能而感到自豪。现在，住进房子里，他们身份中的这些层面可能会荡然无存。刚一开始，很多人还会感到深深的迷失。题干是对定位句的归纳总结，题干中的After being housed,confused at first和life off the street 分别对应定位句中的Once in housing，disorientation at the outset和Now indoors，故答案为H)。

52、Some people think the best way to help the homeless is to provide them with communal housing.

J)。译文】有些人认为，对无家可归者最好的帮助是为他们提供集体住宿。

【精析】同义转述题。由题干中的the best way和communal定位到J)段第一句。定位句提到，对有些人来说，最好的解决办法是让他们生活在集体之中。虽然定位句中没有明确提到homeless people，但整篇文章都是在围绕对无家可归者的安置展开，而本句中的解决方法自然也是针对那些无家可归者而言，题干中的the best way和provide them with communal housing分别对应定位句中的the best solution和live in a communal residence，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为J)。

53、The homeless with health problems should be given regular support in their daily lives.

I)。【译文】由于家庭友好政策，瑞典的雇主往往在聘用女性担任全职职位时犹豫不决。

【译文】有健康问题的无家可归者应当在日常生活中得到定期帮助。

【精析】细节推断题。由题干中的health problems和regular support定位到I)段。定位段提到，很多无家可归的人有健康方面的问题，他们需要定期帮助，以应对日常生活的挑战。题干中的support in their daily lives对应定位段中的assistance in the day-to-day challenges of life,故答案为I)。

54、Until recently American society has failed to see what homelessness is all about.

A)。【译文】直到最近，美国社会都没能认清无家可归问题的实质。

【精析】同义转述题。由题干中的Until recently和American society定位到A)段末句。定位句提到，我们的社会一直认为自己很了解无家可归这一问题的实质，但事实并非如此。题干中的American society和failed to see分别对应定位句中的our society和but it didn’t。题干中的what homelessness is all about意思为“无家可归问题的实质”，与定位句中的the nature of homelessness 意思一致，故答案为A)。

55、Many formerly homeless tenants in New York’s Common Ground’s residences got hired.

K)。【译文】在Common Ground的纽约居住区中，很多曾经无家可归的居民现在都找到了工作。【精析】细节辨认题。由题干中的formerly homeless tenants和Common Ground’s residences定位到K)段最后一句。定位句提到，去年，在Common Ground的四个居住区中，有188位曾经无家可归的居民找到了工作。除定位词完全相同外，题干中的got hired与定位句中的found jobs 意思也相同，故答案为K)。

Section C

Passage One

答案详解：

56、D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由选项中的“in the cloud”,everyday behavior和hinder 定位到第一段。由定位段第一句可知，作者认为，技术具有两面性，能让人变得更聪明，也能让人变得更愚蠢。因此作者主张制订一套行为准则来引导日常行为，确保技术能够不断提高而非妨碍人的思维发展过程。由此可知，作者担心技术可能会阻碍人思维能力的发展。故本题答案为

D)。

57、D)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的the view of educators和advocate digital literacy 定位到第二段第一工句。第一句提到，教育界中有一个越来越强大的群体正在支持“数字素养”；第二句用In their view明确引出他们的观点:技能可以击败知识，培养“数字素养”比单纯地学习内容更为重要，现在所有信息都可以通过Google等搜索引擎进行搜索，因此不值得去记忆。D)“使孩子们摆脱记忆事实的负担”与定位句中的“不值得去记忆”意思相符，因此答案为

D)。

58、B)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的evidence from cognitive science定位到第三段。由定位段第一句可知，来自认知科学的证据对“技能可以不依靠事实性知识而独立存在”的看法提出了质疑。最后一句又明确地指出，批判性思维过程与储存在大脑长期记忆中的事实性知识紧密交织在一起。换句话说，批判性思维是建立在事实性知识基础之上的，因此答案为B)。59、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的making evaluations定位到第四段第二句和最后一句。第二句提到，现在的学生，也就是未来的工作人员，需要创新、合作和评估；最后一句指出了进行评估的关键:必须将新信息与已经掌握的知识进行比较。C)“将新信息和已经积累的知识联系起来”与第四段最后一句意思相符，因此答案为C)。

60、D)。主旨大意题【考频:★☆☆】。文章开篇指出，技术有可能让我们变得更愚蠢;接着介绍了支持“数字素养”的人的观点—技能比知识更重要;在树立这个靶子之后，作者对这种观点进行了反驳，指出技能必须依靠事实性知识而存在，而且批判性思维过程也与事实性知识紧密交织在一起，从而强调了事实性知识的重要性;文章最后指出在数字世界里思维必须掌握基本的事实性知识，还要充分利用大脑的精细记忆。综上可知，作者撰写此文的目的是质疑过分强调“数字素养”的观点，因此答案为D)。

Passage Two

答案详解：

61、B)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的Paragraph1定位到文章首段。由首段第二句可知，虽然加利福尼亚州和得克萨斯州是美国西部的双生轴心，但是两州却有很大差别。第三、四句具体阐述两州的差别:在20世纪的大部分时间里，加利福尼亚州一直引领两大轴心的科技和时尚潮流;而得克萨斯州则落在后面。由此不难看击，加利福尼亚州在很多方面都要优于得克萨斯州。故答案为B)。

62、C)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由选项中的debts,budgets和$26billion定位到第二段。定位段提到，有证据表明，加利福尼亚州正处在恐慌之中，并介绍了产生恐慌的具体原因,包括给债权人打欠条、预算支出和收人的缺口巨大、信用等级遭到下调等，这些都是严重的金融危机的表现。由此可以推断出加利福尼亚州当前面临着严重的金融危机，故答案为C)。

63、A)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的Texas different from California定位到第三段第三句。由定位句可知，得克萨斯州显然实行了一种与加利福尼亚州截然不同的模式—以小政府为基础的模式，由此可见，得克萨斯州与加利福尼亚州的不同之处在于实行小政府模式，故答案为A)。

64、C)。事实细节题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的problem和选项中的Hispanic,education和knowledge economy定位到第四段第二、三句。第四段第二句提到，得克萨斯州自身仍然存在很多问题，第三句具体介绍存在的问题:该州在教育方面投人不足;西班牙裔的得克萨斯州人缺乏足够的技能，难以满足知识经济的需求。也就是说，得克萨斯州面临的一大问题是该州的教育难以满足知识经济的需要。故答案为C)。

65、A)。推理判断题【考频:★★★】。由题干中的American politics定位到末段。文章最后一句提到，世界上没有完美的政府模式，并以美国为例进行说明，美国让50个公共政策实验室相互竞争，从而探索出最好的治理模式。由此可以推断,美国的50个州都有各自不同的治理模式，故答案为A)。

PartⅣTranslation

中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如,土豪（tuhao)和大妈（dama)都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。

土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。也就是说，土豪有钱，但没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但现在特指不久前金价下跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。

土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津(Oxford)英语词典。至今已有约120个中文词被加进了牛津英语词典,成了英语语言的一部分。

Chinese hot words,some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media，usually reflect social changes and culture.For instance,tuhao and dama are old words,but they have acquired new meanings.

In the past,the word tuhao referred to village landlords who oppressed peasants and servants,but now it is used to describe people who spend money unwisely or like to show off their wealth.In other words,tuhaos are wealthy but don’t have good taste.The word dama is used to call middle-aged women,but now it especially refers to Chinese women who bought large amounts of gold when the price of gold fell not long ago.

The words tuhao and dama may be included in the next edition of Oxford English Dictionary.Until now, about120Chinese words have been added to the dictionary,becoming a part of the English language.

难点注释：

1、第一句中，“反映”可以翻译成reflect或者mirror。“有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行”可以处理为非限制性定语从句。

2、第三句中，“欺压”可以翻译为oppressed,或者转译为短语were mean to。“花钱如流水”可译为spend money unwisely或者money bums a hole in one’s pocket。“炫耀”用show off表达比较正式。

3、第四句中的“也就是说”可用短语In other words或That is to say来表达。句中的“品位”实际上是“鉴赏力，欣赏力”的意思，可以译成taste。

4、第五句中，“金价下跌”可以翻译为the price of gold fell，或者将fell换成dropped或decreased。

5、第七句中的“已有”表示该句应该用现在完成时。“成了英语语言的一部分”在翻译时可以处理成现在分词短语作状语的形式，使文章句式多样化。

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