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中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型(全)

中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型(全)
中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型(全)

中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型

一.英语常用易混淆单词/词组的区别用法

how much和how many的区别用法

how much和how many的区别:

how much用来询问事物的数量,后接不可数名词;how many用来询问事物的数量,后接可数名词复数。

1.所修饰词不同

how much用来修饰不可数名词,表示数量,也可单独使用。

how many用来修饰可数名词的复数,它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句+?

例句:

How much milk is there in the glass?

玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?

How many books are there on the desk?

有多少本书在桌子上?

2.用法不同

How much 表示多少钱,用来问价格。

例句:

How much is this dress?

这个连衣裙多少钱?

How many 表示多少,用来问数量。

例句:

How many apples do you have?

你有多少苹果?

in和on的区别用法:

当我们表示某些东西被其他东西所包围时使用“in”这个词。而“on”用于描述物体被放置在其他物体上方或外部的情况。in可表时间,表地点,表手段、方法、材料。on表示时间、地点、方位等。

1.意思不同

in:prep.在 ... 里;在 ... 地方;在 ... 期间

on:prep.在 ... 之上

2.用法不同

in:in着重一段时间的过程,常用于重复动作或延续动作。in表示从现在时间算起推移到将来的一段时间之后,一般与将来时态连用。

He is a layman in economics.

他对经济学一窍不通。

on:表示“在物体的表面上”,只能用on的表达方式有on the next morning,on the following。

The spider is walking on the ceiling.

蜘蛛在天花板上爬行。

3.侧重点不同

in:表示“在其中”。

on:表示“在表面”。

if和whether的区别用法:

if和whether的区别:if和whether在宾语从句中,都表“是否”,可换用,if更口语化,whether正式些。当有or not时,一般用whether,而不用if。

1.or not放在whether之后时,只能用whether 不用if。

I don’t know whether or not he will come.

我不知道他是不是回来。

注:如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾,则可以用if来替换。

I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.

我不知道他是不是回来。

2.在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。

例句:

He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.

他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。

注:whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。

Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.

不管开车来还是乘火车来,他都会准时到。

3.虽引导宾语从句,但为了强调宾语部分,也可把从句放在句首,此时只用whether不用if。

例句:

Whether he will come I am not sure.

他是不是来我拿不准。

4.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。

例句:

It depends on whether it will be fine.

那得看是不是晴天。

5.作discuss等动词的宾语时,用whether不用if。

例句:

We discussed whether we should close the shop.

我们讨论是不是该关掉商店。

6.句子中有if引导的条件句,如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句,用whether不用if。

例句:

He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job.

他问我如果我得到那份工作是否会搬家到纽约。

7.容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。

例句:

Please let me know if you need help.

如果你需要帮助请告诉我。

8.如果宾语从句为否定句时,则只用if不用whether。

例句:

I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow..

我不知道明天是不是会下雨。

or和and的区别用法:

并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。但有时and也可用于否定句。or用于连接并列的单词、词组、短语或句子,表示"或者"的意思。or用在选择疑问句中,灵活译为"还是"。

1.or和and有什么区别

(1)并列结构中,and用于肯定句,or通常用于否定句表示“和,与”之意。Sue and I left early.

我和苏早离开了。

He can't read or write.

他不会读,不会写。

(2)or用在选择疑问句中,意为“或者,还是”。and 不可用于疑问句。

Are you coming or not?

你来还是不来?

Is your sister older or younger than you?

你的姐妹比你大还是小?

(3)固定搭配不同

or在句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中,表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设,or 意为“否则,要不然”。

either…or意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。

2.and和or用法例句

(1)并列结构中,and用于肯定句,or通常用于否定句表示“和,与”之意。There are some students and teachers on the playground.

(2)or用在选择疑问句中,意为“或者,还是”。

Is he a doctor or a teacher? 他是医生还是教师?

(3)or在句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中,表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设,or意为“否则,要不然”。

Work hard,or you will fall behind.你要努力学习,否则会落后。

(4)either…or意思为"或者……或者……"。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。

Either you or I am right. 不是你对,就是我对。

(5)or在“either…or…”结构中,意为“要么……要么……”。连结的并列成份可在句中作主语、表语、谓语、宾语等。

(6)or表示不确切、模糊的陈述。

This story happened five or six years ago. 这个故事发生在四、五年前。some和any的区别用法:

some和any的区别:

肯定句中用some,否定/疑问要用any换

some和any的用法:

1.some和any都表示一些,两者既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。前者用于肯定陈述及委婉请求,后者用于否定句及一般疑问句。

I have some books.

I don't have any books.

Would you like some coffee?

Is there any coffee in your cup?

2.在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any。

Would you like some coffee?

What about some fruit juice?

3.当说话人认为对方的答复将是肯定的时候,some便可用于疑问句。

例句:

Didn't you give him some ticket

4.当any表示“任何”的意思,起强调作用时,它可以用在肯定句中。

Any student can answer this question.

5.any可以和not以外其他有否定含义的词连用,表达否定的概念。

He never had any regular schooling.

I can answer your question without any hesitation.

offer与provide的区别用法:

offer:主动提供;重点在于主动;offer to do:主动做某事。搭配:offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb.

provide:大批量地提供。搭配:

provide sth. for sb./ provide sb. with sth.

1.provide和offer的区别:

provide 用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西,仅仅是出于某种责任,强调提供必须或有用的东西,尤其是生活用品。常用于peovide sb with sth或provide sth for sb的固定搭配中。

offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。常用于offer sb sth或offer sth to sb的固定搭配。例如:offer help to sb 主动提出帮助某人;offer sb a good salary 给某人一个好工资。

2.provide和offer的用法:

首先在语义上,provide仅表示“提供”,而offer强调“主动提供”。

其次在语法和搭配上,offer后可跟双宾语,而provide后不可跟双宾语

最后在搭配上,offer可组成词组offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb.;provide可组成短语provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.

include和contain的区别用法:

include与contain两者均可表示“包含”,但有区别:include 的宾语只能是整体中的一部分或是其要素之一,而不能是所谈事物的全体或所有要素。contain 表示“包含”,其实是指其内装有。

1.include与contain的区别

两者均可表示“包含”,但有区别:

(1)include的宾语只能是整体中的一部分或是其要素之一,而不能是所谈事物的全体或所有要素。如:

Does the bill include a tip? 账单包括小费在内吗?

Five were killed, including a baby. 共有六人死亡,其中有一个婴儿。

(2)contain表示“包含”,其实是指其内装有,即指某种较大的东西内装有较小的东西,其宾语可以是整体的一部分,也可以是其全体。如:

The box contains soap. 这只箱子装着肥皂。

Sea water contains salt. 海水中含有盐分。

2.contain和include的用法

contain,include的区别:都有“包含”的意思,但contain可用于表示包含所含之物的的全部或部分,而include则只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。例如:

The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里也包括了一本字典。

The parcel contained a dictionary. 那包裹里装的是一本字典。include:包括;包含。是三个词中最普通的,指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分。

The health club includes a gym,mming pool , and locker room.

健身俱乐部包括体操房,游泳池和更衣室。

Our ten-day tour include a visit to New York

我们十天的旅行包括参观纽约。

contain:包含,含有,装有。更具体地说,contain 指一个较大事物中所容纳的分离部分,有封闭于一个整体的感觉。

The bowl contains a variety of fruit. 碗里装有各种水果。

This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。

3.contain和include与involve的区别

involve:必须包含某种结果,牵涉,包含

include 和contain都指具体的物质的实体和它们的各部分,involve侧重于非实体的事物及要素。

Taking the job involves abroad for three years. 接受这份工作就必须到国外居住三年。

I didn't realize putting on a play involved so much work.

我那时不了解演一场戏竟要做那么多的工作。

combination、alliance和union的区别:

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0015105914.html,bination着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起,结合后原来的部分可能仍然不会改变或生气其本来性质。

The combonation of milk and water partnership多指经济、生意上的合伙关系。

2.alliance多用于指国家之间的联盟。

3.union有着更深层的含义,指“a combined group”,各部分完全、彻底、综合、和谐地,协调地合作,常指“联邦,合众国”,如:the Soviet Union,the United States,另外它常指一些社会团体,如the trade union,the students'union,the labor union(工会,学生会等)

demonstrate、exhibit和reveal的区别:

1.demonstrate指用实例说明,展示,目的是告诉别人如何使用或操作。

如:He demonstrateed how to use the new computer.

2.exhibit指公开的展示,特别是展示值得观赏的东西。

she exhibi t her paintings at agallery.

3.reveal:显示","揭示"reveal的对象一般原来是隐藏或隐秘不为人所知的。The company is set to reveal its new product this afternoon.

二.易错句型梳理:

1.So + be/助动词/情牵动词/主语。

前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示"另一人(物)也如此",前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用"Neither/ Nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语。"这种倒装结构。

注意:"So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词。"这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示"的确如此。""是呀。"

2.Turn right/left at the first/second/…crossing.

这一指路的句型意为"在第一/二/……个十字路口向右/左拐。"相当于Take the first /second/…turning on theright/left.

3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.

此句型表示"干某事花了某人一段时间。"其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语。

4.…think/find + it + adj. + to do sth.

此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。

5.What's wrong with…?

此句型相当于What's the matter/ trouble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为"某物出什么毛病了?"后跟某人作宾语时,意为"某人怎么了?"

6.too…to…

在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句too…to…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。

在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换。

7.Sorry to hear that.

全句应为I'm sorry to hear that. 意为"听到此事我很难过(遗憾)。"常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。

8.There be结构

(1)这是英语中常见的一种结构,表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

如:There are twenty girls in our class.

have也解释为“有”,但是与there be有区别,它的含义是“所有,属有”,其主语为某人。如:I have a nice watch.

(2)There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

(3)There is a river near our school.

否:There is not a river near our school.

问:Is there a river near our school.

回答:Yes, there is. No, there isn\\\'t.

三易.错短语梳理:

1. kinds of 各种各样的

2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……

3. neither…nor…既不……也不……

4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶

5. take a seat 就坐

6. home cooking 家常做法

7. be famous for 因……而着名

8. on ones way to在……途中

9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院

10. at the end of在……的尽头,在……的末尾

11. wait for 等待

12. in time 及时

13. make one\\\'s way to…往……(艰难地)走去

14. just then 正在那时

15. first of all 首先,第一

16. go wrong 走错路

17. be/get lost 迷路

18. make a noise 吵闹,喧哗

19. get on 上车

20. get off 下车

21. stand in line 站队

22. waiting room 候诊室,候车室

23. at the head of……在……的前头

24. laugh at 嘲笑

25. throw about 乱丢,抛散

26. in fact 实际上

27. at midnight 在半夜

28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快

29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架

30. take one\\\'\\\'s temperature 给某人体温

31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛

32. have a headache 头痛

33. as soon as…一……就……

34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事

35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事

36. fall asleep 入睡

37. again and again再三地,反复地

38. wake up 醒来,叫醒

39. instead of 代替

40. look over 检查

41. take exercise运动

42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事

43. at the weekend 在周末

44. on time 按时

45. out of从……向外

46. all by oneself 独立,单独

47. lots of=a lot of 许多

48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再

49. get back 回来,取回

50. sooner or later迟早

51. run away 逃跑

52. eat up 吃光,吃完

53. run after 追赶

54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物

高考英语易混易错词汇总结

高考英语易混易错词汇总结 1、clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数, cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2、 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident、 3、 amount, number amount后接不可数名词, number后接可数名词a number of students 4、 family, house, home home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员、 My family is a happy one、 5、 sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside、 6、 photo, picture, drawing photo用A照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let’s go and see a good picture、 7、 vocabulary, word vocabulary 词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary、 8、 population, people population人口,人数,people具体的人China has a large population、 9、weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you、

小升初语文期末复习易错易混词语

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