希腊罗马神话之Hera简介英文版

HERA (JUNO).

Hera, the eldest daughter of Cronus and Rhea, was born at Samos, or, according to some accounts, at Argos, and was reared by the sea-divinities Oceanus and Tethys, who were models of conjugal fidelity. She was the principal wife of Zeus, and, as queen of heaven, participated in the honours paid to him, but her dominion only extended over the air (the lower aerial regions). Hera appears to be the sublime embodiment of strict matronly virtue, and is on that account the protectress of purity and married women. Faultless herself in her fidelity as a wife, she is essentially the type of the sanctity of the marriage tie, and holds in abhorrence any violation of its obligations. So strongly was she imbued with this hatred of any immorality, that, finding herself so often called upon to punish the failings of both gods and men in this respect, she became jealous, harsh, and vindictive. Her exalted position as the wife of the supreme deity, combined with her extreme beauty, caused her to become exceedingly vain, and she consequently resented with great severity any infringement on her rights as queen of heaven, or any apparent slight on her personal appearance.

The following story will signally illustrate how ready she was to resent any slight offered to her.

At the marriage of the sea-nymph Thetis with a mortal called Peleus, all the gods and goddesses were present, except Eris (the goddess of Discord). Indignant at not being invited, she determined to cause dissension in the assembly, and for this purpose threw into the midst of the guests a golden apple with the inscription on it "For the Fairest." Now, as all the goddesses were extremely beautiful, each claimed the apple; but at length, the rest having relinquished their pretensions, the number of candidates was reduced to three, Hera, Athene, and Aphrodite, who agreed to appeal to Paris for a settlement of this delicate question, he being noted for the wisdom he had displayed in his judgment upon several occasions. Paris was the son of Priam, king of Troy, who, ignorant of his noble birth, was at this time feeding his flocks on Mount Ida, in Phrygia. Hermes, as messenger of the gods, conducted the three rival beauties to the young shepherd, and with breathless anxiety they awaited his decision. Each fair candidate endeavoured to secure his favour by the most tempting offers. Hera promised him extensive dominions; Athene, martial fame and glory; and Aphrodite, the loveliest woman in the world. But whether he really considered Aphrodite the fairest of the three, or preferred a beautiful wife to fame and power, we cannot tell; all we know is that to her he awarded the golden apple, and she became ever after universally acknowledged as the goddess of beauty. Hera, having fully expected that Paris would give her the preference, was so indignant that she never forgave him, and not only persecuted him, but all the family of Priam, whose dreadful sufferings and misfortunes during the Trojan war were attributed to her influence. In fact, she carried her animosity to such an extent that it was often the cause of domestic disagreements between herself and Zeus, who espoused the cause of the Trojans.

Among the many stories of these frequent quarrels there is one connected with Heracles, the favourite son of Zeus, which is as follows:--Hera having raised a storm at sea in order to drive him out of his course, Zeus became so angry that he hung her in the clouds by a golden chain, and attached heavy anvils to her feet. Her son Hephaestus tried to release his mother from her humiliating position, for which Zeus threw him out of heaven, and his leg was broken by the fall.

Hera, being deeply offended with Zeus, determined to separate herself from him for ever, and she accordingly left him and took up her abode in Euboea. Surprised and grieved at this unlooked-for desertion, Zeus resolved to leave no means untried to win her back again. In this emergency he consulted Cithaeron, king of Platea, who was famed for his great wisdom and subtlety. Cithaeron advised him to dress up an image in bridal attire and place it in a chariot, announcing that this was Platea, his future wife. The artifice succeeded. Hera, incensed at the idea of a rival, flew to meet the procession in great anger, and seizing the supposed bride, she furiously attacked her and dragged off her nuptial attire. Her delight on discovering the deception was so great that a reconciliation took place, and, committing the image to the flames, with joyful laughter she seated herself in its place and returned to Olympus.

Hera was the mother of Ares (Mars), Hephaestus, Hebe, and Eileithyia. Ares was the god of War; Hephaestus, of Fire; Hebe, of Youth; and Eileithyia presided over the birth of mortals.

Hera dearly loved Greece, and indeed always watched over and protected Greek interests, her beloved and favourite cities being Argos, Samos, Sparta, and Mycenae.

Her principal temples were at Argos and Samos. From a remote period she was greatly venerated at Olympia, and her temple there, which stood in the Altis or sacred grove, was five hundred years older than that of Zeus on the same spot. Some interesting excavations which are now going on there have brought to light the remains of the ancient edifice, which contains among other treasures of antiquity several beautiful statues, the work of the famous sculptors of ancient Greece. At first this temple was built of wood, then of stone, and the one lately discovered was formed of conglomerate of shells.

In the Altis races were run by young maidens in honour of Hera, and the fleetest of foot received in token of her victory an olive-wreath and a piece of the flesh of the sacrifices. These races, like the Olympic Games, were celebrated at intervals of four years, and were called Her? A beautiful robe, woven by sixteen women chosen from the sixteen cities of Elis, was always offered to Hera on these occasions, and choral songs and sacred dances formed part of the ceremonies.

Hera is usually represented seated on a throne, holding a pomegranate in one hand and a sceptre surmounted by a cuckoo in the other. She appears as a calm, dignified matron of majestic beauty, robed in a tunic and mantle, her forehead is broad and intellectual, her eyes large and fully opened, and her arms dazzlingly white and finely moulded.

The finest statue of this divinity was that by Polycletus at Argos.

Her attributes are the diadem, veil, sceptre, and peacock.

The first day of every month a ewe-lamb and sow were sacrificed to Hera. The hawk, goose, and more particularly the peacock were sacred to her. Flocks of these beautiful birds generally surround her throne and draw her chariot, Iris, the Rainbow, being seated behind her.

Her favourite flowers were the dittany, poppy, and lily.

JUNO.

Juno, the Roman divinity supposed to be identical with the Greek Hera, differed from her in the most salient points, for whereas Hera invariably appears as the haughty,

unbending queen of heaven, Juno, on the other hand, is revered and beloved as the type of a matron and housewife. She was worshipped in Rome under various titles, most of which point to her

vocation as the protectress of married women. Juno was believed to watch over and guard the life of every woman from her birth to her death. The principal temples dedicated to her were in Rome, one being erected on the Aventine, and the other on the Capitoline Hill. She had also a temple on the Arx, in which she was worshipped as Juno Moneta, or the warning goddess. Adjacent to this shrine was the public mint. On the 1st of March a grand annual festival, called the Matronalia, was celebrated in her honour by all the married women of Rome, and this religious institution was accompanied with much solemnity.

希腊罗马神话人物

God and Goddess众神 Gaea The goddess of the earth who bore and married Uranus and was the mother of the Titans and the Cyclopes. 大地女神盖亚，嫁给了天神乌拉诺斯，是泰坦诸神和独眼巨人库克罗普斯的母亲。 Uranus The eariest supreme god, a personification of the sky who was the son and consort of Gaea and the father of the Cyclopes and Titans. 乌拉诺斯，最早的主神，是天的化身，大地女神的儿子和配偶，泰坦诸神和库克罗普斯的父亲。 Cyclops Any of the three one-eyed Titans who forged thunderbolts for Zeus. 库克罗普斯：帮助宙斯制造雷电的三个独眼泰坦神之一。 Titan Any of a family of giants, the children of Uranus and Gaea who sought to rule heaven and were overthrown and supplanted by the family of Zeus. 泰坦：巨人家庭成员，是乌拉诺斯和盖亚的子女，他们试图统治天国，但被宙斯家庭推翻并取代。 Hyperion A Titan, the son of Gaea and Uranus and the fathter of Helios,Selene,Eos. 许珀里翁：泰坦神，盖亚和乌拉诺斯之子，是太阳神赫利俄斯、月之神塞勒涅和黎明女神厄俄斯的父亲。 Metis A Titan, the mother of Athena. 墨提斯：泰坦神，雅典娜的母亲。 Mnemosyne A Titan, the goddess of memory, the mother of the Muses. 摩涅莫绪涅：泰坦神，记忆女神，缪斯的母亲。 Rhea A Titan, the sister and wife of Cronus and the mother of Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Poseidon and Zeus. 瑞亚：克洛诺斯的妹妹和妻子，是收获女神得墨忒耳、冥神哈德斯、女主神赫拉、女灶神赫斯提、海神波塞冬和宙斯的母亲。 Cronus A Titan who ruled the universe until dethroned by his son Zeus. 克洛诺斯：泰坦神，在被他独生子宙斯废黜前一直统治着宇宙。 Oceanus A Titan god of the outer sea encircling the earth and the father of the Oceanides and the river gods. 俄刻阿诺斯：泰坦神，所有海洋女神和河神之父。海洋之神 Zeus

希腊罗马神话之Hera简介英文版

HERA (JUNO). Hera, the eldest daughter of Cronus and Rhea, was born at Samos, or, according to some accounts, at Argos, and was reared by the sea-divinities Oceanus and Tethys, who were models of conjugal fidelity. She was the principal wife of Zeus, and, as queen of heaven, participated in the honours paid to him, but her dominion only extended over the air (the lower aerial regions). Hera appears to be the sublime embodiment of strict matronly virtue, and is on that account the protectress of purity and married women. Faultless herself in her fidelity as a wife, she is essentially the type of the sanctity of the marriage tie, and holds in abhorrence any violation of its obligations. So strongly was she imbued with this hatred of any immorality, that, finding herself so often called upon to punish the failings of both gods and men in this respect, she became jealous, harsh, and vindictive. Her exalted position as the wife of the supreme deity, combined with her extreme beauty, caused her to become exceedingly vain, and she consequently resented with great severity any infringement on her rights as queen of heaven, or any apparent slight on her personal appearance. The following story will signally illustrate how ready she was to resent any slight offered to her. At the marriage of the sea-nymph Thetis with a mortal called Peleus, all the gods and goddesses were present, except Eris (the goddess of Discord). Indignant at not being invited, she determined to cause dissension in the assembly, and for this purpose threw into the midst of the guests a golden apple with the inscription on it "For the Fairest." Now, as all the goddesses were extremely beautiful, each claimed the apple; but at length, the rest having relinquished their pretensions, the number of candidates was reduced to three, Hera, Athene, and Aphrodite, who agreed to appeal to Paris for a settlement of this delicate question, he being noted for the wisdom he had displayed in his judgment upon several occasions. Paris was the son of Priam, king of Troy, who, ignorant of his noble birth, was at this time feeding his flocks on Mount Ida, in Phrygia. Hermes, as messenger of the gods, conducted the three rival beauties to the young shepherd, and with breathless anxiety they awaited his decision. Each fair candidate endeavoured to secure his favour by the most tempting offers. Hera promised him extensive dominions; Athene, martial fame and glory; and Aphrodite, the loveliest woman in the world. But whether he really considered Aphrodite the fairest of the three, or preferred a beautiful wife to fame and power, we cannot tell; all we know is that to her he awarded the golden apple, and she became ever after universally acknowledged as the goddess of beauty. Hera, having fully expected that Paris would give her the preference, was so indignant that she never forgave him, and not only persecuted him, but all the family of Priam, whose dreadful sufferings and misfortunes during the Trojan war were attributed to her influence. In fact, she carried her animosity to such an extent that it was often the cause of domestic disagreements between herself and Zeus, who espoused the cause of the Trojans. Among the many stories of these frequent quarrels there is one connected with Heracles, the favourite son of Zeus, which is as follows:--Hera having raised a storm at sea in order to drive him out of his course, Zeus became so angry that he hung her in the clouds by a golden chain, and attached heavy anvils to her feet. Her son Hephaestus tried to release his mother from her humiliating position, for which Zeus threw him out of heaven, and his leg was broken by the fall.

希腊罗马神话的区别

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古希腊罗马神话读后感

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希腊罗马神话人名

SaintSeiya 版 (精华区) Achelous [希神]河神 Acheron [希神]黄泉, 地狱, 阴间 Achilles [希神]阿基里斯 Actaeon [希神]亚克托安，著名狩猎者，因无意间窥见女神沐浴，被罚变为鹿，被自己的五十条猎犬追逐咬死。 Admetus [希神]阿德墨托斯(Thessaly国王, 到海外觅取金羊毛的阿尔戈英雄之一,娶Alcestis为妻) Adonis [希神, 罗神]阿多尼斯(爱与美的女神Aphrodite所爱恋的美少年) Adrastus [希神]阿德拉斯托斯(Argos王,远征Thebes 的七英雄的首领和唯一生还者) Aeacus [希神]爱考士(Zeus之子,Achilles的祖父,死后成为阴间三判官之一) Aedon [希神]谋杀亲子，但获Zeus同情而变成夜莺 Aeetes [希神]科尔克斯王 Aegaeon [希神]每人有五十个头，五十双手臂的三大巨神之一（Briareus）Aegeus [希神]埃勾斯(雅典国王,Theseus之父) Aegisthus [希神]埃癸斯托斯(Clytemnestra的情夫) ,曾帮助后者杀死亲夫阿迦 门龙 Aegyptus [希神]埃古普托斯(埃及国王) Aeneas [希神]特洛伊战争中的勇士 Aeolus [希神]风神, 埃俄罗斯 Agamemnon [希神]阿伽门农, 特洛伊战争中希腊军队的统帅 Agelaus [希神]抚养特洛伊王子帕里斯长大成人的仆人 Aglaia [希神]光之女神(美慧三女神之一,意为灿烂) Ajax [希神]希腊英雄，与奥德修斯争夺已战死的Achilles的武器不得而自杀Alastor [希神]复仇之神或精灵 Alcestis [希神]阿尔刻提斯(Admetus之妻) ,其夫患不治之症，她自愿代死，但被赫拉克勒斯从死神处救出 Alcinous [希神]准阿克亚王，阿瑞特之夫，瑙西卡之父 Alcmene [希神]阿尔克墨涅(Amphitryon之妻)，赫拉克勒斯之母 Alecto [希神][罗神]阿勒克图(司复仇的三女神之一)，战争与瘟疫的化身Alectryon [希神]战神Ares忠实奴仆，后被罚变为公鸡司晨 Alpheus [希神]河神，曾爱恋山林水泽女神阿瑞托萨，一日在该女神于河中沐浴时追逐之，阿瑞托萨被变成海底之泉，河神于是与她混合在一起 Amalthaea [希神]用奶哺育主神Zeus的母山羊，它的一只角被称为丰饶之角Amphion [希神]安菲翁(宙斯和安提俄帕之子) Amphitrite [希神]安菲特律特(海中50仙女之一,海的女神,海神Poseidon之妻) Amphitryon [希神]底比斯王，其妻与主神Zeus生赫拉克勒斯 Amycus [希神]帕布律克亚王，凶残好斗，每有外客经过，都要挑战斗拳，后被波律丢克斯打碎头骨而死 Andromache [希神]安德洛玛刻，赫克托尔的忠实妻子

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外国语学院 Sy1301 20130375 张姚海岛 The above two types of heroes have something in common, but because of the different nationalities,social environment, thinking and imagination,they can not be completely consistent with each other.These differences are embodied in the following parts: 1. Different characters (1)When comes to character,Chinese heroes are absolutely otherworldly.They are the symbol of not only supreme power,but also virtue and omnipotent.The atmosphere of Chinese mythology is heavy and solemn,which filled with awareness of potential dangers and the spirit of rational reflection. (2)Greek hero has the character of human beings.Just like people,they have emotions,passions and desires.They have enjoyment,

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《古希腊、罗马神话》课程教学大纲 课程编码：30615022 学分： 2 总学时：36 说明 【课程性质】 《古希腊、罗马神话》是全日制大学本科教育英语专业高年级开设的专业选修课。 【教学目的】 使学生了解西方文化渊源，从文化的角度学习英语词汇，培养和提高其文化素养、鉴赏能力和对异域文化的敏感度。 【教学任务】 以古希腊、罗马神话的重要神祗、英雄的轶事为主线，分析现代英语中源于神话的词语与典故及以古希腊、罗马神话为题材的英美文学作品、雕塑、绘画、建筑等艺术作品，提高学生的文化能力和鉴赏水平。 【教学内容】 古希腊、罗马神话简介，旧神谱系与天地的起源，奥林匹斯山新神，普罗米修斯与人类，次神的故事，英雄的故事 【教学原则和方法】 教学原则：以培养具有文化能力和鉴赏水平的学生为原则 教学方法：采用多媒体课件教学，辅以影视欣赏和学生讨论促进教学 【先修课程要求】 本课程是在学生完成了精读、泛读、英美文学、影视欣赏、英美文化概况等课程，并掌握了一定的专业知识和技能基础上开设的专业选修课。 【教材与主要参考书】 教材：常耀信《希腊罗马神话》外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。 参考书：廖光蓉《英语词汇与希腊罗马神话》湖南师范大学出版社，1999年。

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