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2013年人教版七年级上册英语语法知识及习题

2013年人教版七年级上册英语语法知识及习题
2013年人教版七年级上册英语语法知识及习题

七年级上册英语语法知识及习题

英语句子成分:组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。

一、主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。

1. Bob has a soccer ball . 鲍勃有一个足球。(名词)

2.He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。(代词)

二、谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征,谓语一般是动词。

1.We study English. 我们学习英语

2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。

三、表语(predicative):表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,表语前面的动词称为系动词。

“系动词+表语”一块称为谓语。

1. He is a teacher.他是个老师(名词

2. Five and five is ten.五加五等于十(数词)

3.He is asleep.他睡着了(形容词)

4.His father is in. 他的父亲在家(副词)

5.The picture is on the wall.画在墙上。(介词短语)

6.That sounds good 那听起来很好。

7.It looks nice . 看上去很好。

常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来、吃起来), feel(感觉)...

四、宾语:动作、行为的对象

1.I like China.我喜欢中国。(名词)

2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。(代词)

3.How many do you need? We need two. 你们需要多少?我们需要两个。(数词)

4. I like playing soccer. 我喜欢踢足球。(动名词)

5.I want to have an apple. 我想要吃个苹果。(不定式)

双宾语-----间接宾语(指人)和直接宾语(指物)

Tom’s mother buy him some books.汤姆的妈妈给他买了一些书。

五、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。

We will make them happy. 我们将让他们高兴。(形容词)

His father help him to do his homework. 他的父亲帮他做家庭作业。(带to不定式)

六、定语:修饰名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

1. He is a Chinese teacher. 他是个语文老师。(名词)

2. He is our friend. 他是我们的朋友。(代词)

3. I have three books. 我有三本书。(数词)

4. He is a good student. 他是个好学生。(形容词)

5.The boy in red is my brother. 穿红衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。(介词短语)

七、状语:用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。表示行为发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结

果、程度、条件、方式等。

1.I go to school at seven o’clock.我在七点钟上学。

2.He reads the book in the room.他在房间里看书。

3.I don’t like thrillers because they are scary. 我不喜欢恐怖片因为它们太吓人了。

13 冠词:冠词是置于名词之前。冠词分为不定冠词"a,an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。零冠词指的是不

用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示“一”,定冠词表示“这个,那个,这些,哪些”。

不定冠词的用法-1

不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前,"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头,是根据读音而不是根据字母。

用于可数名词的单数形式前,表示"一"

There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。

an apple ,an orange ,an English boy ,

你还能写出一些前边用an 的词吗?

____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

不定冠词的用法-2

用在某些表示数量的词组中:

a lot of 许多 a pair of 一双

定冠词的用法

1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物

Open the door, please. 请把门打开。

2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或an”,以后再次提到用“the”)

I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支铅笔,这支铅笔是绿色的。

3) 用在序数词前

January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。

4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物

the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 地球the sky 天空the world 世界

5) 表示演奏乐器时,乐器的前面要加the

play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴

零冠词的用法

1) 专有名词前一般不加冠词

Tom 汤姆China 中国Europe 欧洲

2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词

January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day 国庆节May Day 劳动节

比较:...on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨... (表示某一个。)

3)三餐、四季前一般不加冠词

I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。

4)球类运动不加冠词

play basketball 打篮球play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球

时态概说

在英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,这种动词的不同形式称为时态。

I am 14 this year. 今年我14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我13 岁。

He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。

英语中共有16 种时态,常用的有9种。

一般现在时

一般现在时表示现在的状态,如:He is 12. She is at home.

表示经常的或习惯性的动作,如:I go to school at 7:30 every day.

表示主语具备的性格和能力等,如:She likes apples. They know English.

动词的种类

动词分为四种:连系动词, 实义动词, 助动词, 情态动词

1)连系动词:词义不完全,要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。

如be (am, is are)是,sound听起来,look看起来

She is my sister.

That sounds interesting .听起来很有趣。

2)实义动词,有实际意义的动词,能单独做谓语。如see, ask, like

I like bananas.

3)助动词:本身没有词义,帮助实义动词一起构成否定句,疑问句。如do,does

I don’t like chicken .

Does he like apples ?

4)情态动词;本身具有一定意义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。

can,能,会,must ,必须,情态动词后一定要用动词原形。

I can speak English .

I must find it . 我一定要找到它

动词be的用法

be 的用法口诀

我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;

单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。

变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。

变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。

疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。

Be动词专项练习用am, is, are 填空:

1. I ______ a student. ______ you a student? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father?

8. Jane and Tom _________ my friends

9. Where _____ my pen ?

10. Where ______ my books ?

11. That ______ my red skirt.

12. Who ______ I?

13. The jeans ______ on the desk.

14. Here ______ a photo of my family .

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.

16. The black book ______ for Su Yang.

17. This pair of socks______ 20 dollars.

18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.

19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. How much ____ the skirt?

21 How much ______ the trousers ?

22. My sister's name ______Nancy.

23. ______ David and Helen from England?

24. There ______ a girl in the room.

25. You, he and I ______ from China.

句型转换的方法

一.肯定句变否定句

1.句子中有be,在be后加not。

) I am a student. → I am not a student.

2) They are blue . → They aren’t blue.

3) He is Tom. → He isn’t Tom

2.谓语是动词原形,在动词前加don’t。

) I have a book . → I don’t have a book.

2) They like Chinese . → They don’t lik e Chinese.

3) We come from China. → We don’t come from China.

3谓语动词是第三人称单数,在动词前加doesn’t,动词用原形。

1)She has a basketball. →She doesn’t have a basketball

2)Maria likes China. → Maria doesn’t like China.

3)Jane comes from the U.S.A. →Jane doesn’t come from the U.S.A.

练习:将下列句子变成否定句。

1. I am a teacher. →I ______ a teacher.

2. We are students. → We ________ students.

3. Jane is a girl. → Jane ____ a girl.

4. They like English. → They _____ like Chinese

5. I come from China. → I _______ come from China.

6. He likes Chinese. → He_______ like Chinese.

7. Maria comes from Cuba. →Maria______ come from Cuba.

8. We know Maria. → We ________ know Maria

二.肯定句变一般疑问句

句子中有be,把be提到句首

1) I am a student. →Are you a student?

2) They are blue. →Are they blue?

3) He is Tom. →Is he Tom?

2.谓语是动词原形,在句首加do。

1).I have a book . →Do you have a book?

2) They like Chinese . →Do they like Chinese?

3) We come from China. →Do you come from China?

3.谓语动词是第三人称单数,在句首加Does,动词用原形。

1) She has a basketball . →Does she have a basketball?

2) Maria likes China. → Does Maria like China?

3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. →Does Jane come from the U.S.A?

4) She knows Maria. → Does she know Maria?

练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。

1. I am a teacher. ____ ____ a teacher?

2. They are students. ______ ______ students?

3. Jane is a girl. ______ ______ a girl?

4. They like English. ____ they like English?

5. I come from China. ____ you come from China?

6. He likes Chinese. ____ he_____ Chinese?

7. Maria comes from America.

_____ Maria _____ from America?

8. We speak Chinese. _____ you_____ Chinese?

三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答

1.Are you Maria ? 肯定回答:Yes , I am. 否定回答:No, I’m not.

2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.

1) Are you a student? 肯: Yes, I am. 否:No, I’m not.

2) Is he Jack ? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

3) Do they like Chinese?肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

4) Does she have a basketball ?肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。(必须用主格)

1) Is Jane from the U.S.A?肯:Yes, she is. 否:No,she isn’t.

2) Does Li Hua come from China? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

3) Do Jane and Maria like China? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

4) Is this a ruler? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

5) Is that a desk? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

6) Are these books? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

7) Are those pencils? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

8) Are these erasers? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

9) Is that an orange? 肯:_______________. 否:_______________.

练习:给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。

1.Are you a student? Yes, _____ _______ . No, ______ ________ .

2. Do they like English? Yes, ______ _________ . No, _______ ________ .

3. Is Jane a girl? Yes,_______ _________. No, ________ ________ . .

4. Does Maria like China? Yes, ______ _________ . No, ______ _________.

5. Is Jenny a student? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________ .

6. Is that a girl? Yes , ______ _________No , ______ _________.

7. Are those telephones? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________ .

8. Does Tom know Jane? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________.

9. Do they come from the U.S.A? Yes , _________ _________ No , ______ _________.

10. Is this an egg? Yes , _________ _________ No , ______ _________

四.对划线部分提问.

口诀:一选二变三问号: 一选是分析句意,先选疑问词,代替划线部分(划线部分去掉),二变是把剩余部分变成一般疑问句(疑问词作主语时除外),第三步加上问号。

练习:对划线部分提问

1. The shoes are black ____________________________

2. She is my teacher. __________________________ 3 My keys are on the sofa. ______________________4. Lily is in the classroom. ________________________ 5. I am fine. ___________________________________6. That boy is Tom. _____________________________

10. Her telephone number is 88828539. ______________________

11. The skirt is 12 dollars _____________________________

12. She is 12 years old. ___________________________________

13. His name is Jim Green .___________________________________

14. My birthday is on December,2__________________________________

1.My name is Nancy. _________ _________ your name?

2.I am from China. _________ _________ you from?

3.I am fine . _________ are you?

4. Miss.Wang is our English teacher. _________ is your English teacher?

5.Lucy is ten years old. _________ _________ are you?

6. It is yellow . _________ _________ is it?

7.My telephone number is 5805000.

_________ _________ your telephone number?

8.They are cars . _________ are they? 9.This is my cap. _________ cap is this?

10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. _________ is your favorite movie star ?

五.同义句转换.

1.Please give Jane the book. Please _______ the book _______ Jane.

2. This is my book. This book is _______

3. He has short hair. _______ _______ is short.

4. My ruler is not long. My ruler is_______

5. This jacket is not new. This jacket is _______

6.My English teacher is old .My English teacher is not _________.

六.单复数转换. 1.将下列句子变成复数.

It is a box . _______ ________ ________ ______ .This is a ruler. _______ ________ ________ _______.

That is an eraser. _____ _____ _____ _____.He is a student. ______ _______ ______ _______.

2.将下列句子变成单数。

1.They are pencils. _______ ________ ______ ______ .

2.These are erasers. _______ ______ ________ ______ .

3.They are boys. _______ ________ ________ ______

4. They are girls . _______ ________ ________ ______ ..

5.Those are books. _______ ______ ______ ______ ..

6.These are desks. _______ ________ ________ ______ .

7.These are boxes. _______ ________ ________ ______ ..8.Those are cars. _______ ________ ________ ______ .

六. 仿照例句改写下列句子。

She is in the classroom . 否定句:She is not in the classroom.

一般疑问句:Is she in the classroom? 回答:Yes, she is. (No, she isn’t)

1. I am a student .否定句:_______________________________一般疑问句:__________________________ 肯、否定回答:_____________________________

2. This is my book.否定句:_____________________________________

一般疑问句:__________________________________

肯、否定回答:________________________________

3. They are on the desk.否定句:___________________________________

一般疑问句:_______________________________

肯、否定回答:_____________________________

4. The pen is red.否定句:___________________________________

一般疑问句:_______________________________

肯、否定回答:_____________________________

八.改写句子

1. Those are my books. 否定句:____________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________

肯、否定回答:_____________________________变单数:________________________________

划线部分提问:________________________________

2. She is my good friend.否定句:_____________________________________

一般疑问句:__________________________________肯、否定回答:________________________________ 变复数:____________________________________划线部分提问:________________________________ 3. The pen is in the desk.否定句:___________________________________

一般疑问句:_______________________________肯、否定回答:_____________________________

变复数:____________________________________划线部分提问:________________________________

动词have , has 的用法

用法一. have强调所属关系,主语常为人或物。意为“有”

当主语是第三人称单数,并且只有当句子为肯定句时,动词“有”用has,当主语不是第三人称单数时,以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have

一.用have或has填空:

1. She__________ some balls.

2. They___________ a nice garden.

3. Miss Li doesn’t__________ an English book.

4. What does Mike___________?

5. My father_________ a story-book。

6. My parents don’t___________ any nice pictures.

7. David’s fri ends___________ a basketball.8. David__________ some jackets.

二.仿照例句句型转换:

1.We have a baseball.

①变一般疑问句Do you have a baseball ?②肯定回答Yes ,I do .

③否定回答No , I don’t .④否定句We don’t have a baseball .⑤对划线部分提问What do you have ?

2.David has a ruler .

①变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler ?(注意has变成have)②肯定回答Yes , he does .

③否定回答No , he doesn’t④否定句David doesn’t have a ruler . (注意has变成have)⑤对划线部分提问What does David have? (注意has变成have)

练习:

1.Eric has some nice photos.①变一般疑问句______________________________

②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________

④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________

2.Her friends have many books.

①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答________________④否定句__________________⑤对划线部分提问____________________

3.Our school has a library.

①变一般疑问句______________________________

②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________

④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________

4.Lucy has an orange skirt.

①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答_________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问_________________ 用法二. Have和has除了意思为“有”外,还可以表示“吃或喝”

1.吃早饭__________

2.吃午饭____________

3.吃晚饭____________

用法三Have也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用,意为“举行”

7.上课_________________ 8.举行生日聚会_______________________

句型转换

1. I have some fish for lunch every day.

①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答______________________④否定句________________________

⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________

2.Lily has apples for dinner.①变一般疑问句______________________________

②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________

④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________

(三) 动词like 的用法

仿照例句句型转换:1.They like ice cream.

①变一般疑问句Do they like ice cream?②肯定回答Yes , they I do .

③否定回答No , they don’t .④否定句they don’t like ice cream .⑤对划线部分提问What do they like ?

2.She likes vegetables. ①变一般疑问句Does she like vegetables? (注意likes变成like)

②肯定回答Yes , she does .③否定回答No , she doesn’t .

④否定句She doesn’t like vegetables (注意likes变成like)⑤对划线部分提问What does she like ?

练习:

1. I like strawberries .①变一般疑问句__________________________②肯定回答____________________

③否定回答__________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问________________

2 .you like salad.①变一般疑问句________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答__________________④否定句__________________⑤对划线部分提问___________________

3. Lily likes apples .

①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答______________________④否定句________________________

⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________

4. His father likes pears.

①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________

③否定回答__________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问_________________ 句型转换专项训练

1.Her phone number is 2345167.(提问) ________ ________ phone number?

2.I am Jim Green.(同义句) ______ _______ _______ Jim Green.

3.This is an ID card. (提问) ________ _______ in English?

4.This is Jim’s card. (同义句) _____ _____ is Jim’s.

5.Her family name is Green. (同义句) Her ________ ________ is Green.

6.They are Lucy and Lily. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ Lucy and Lily.

7.My last name is Green and first name is Jim. (同义句) ___________________________.

8.He’s in Class One. (提问) ________ ________ ______ he in?

9.This is a nice flower. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ nice .

10.That’s my pencil case.(变否定句) _______ _______ my pencil case.

11.Is this your dictionary? (变复数句) ______ _______ your _________?

12.Are you a teacher? (做肯定回答) _______ , ______ _______.

13.Five and two is seven. (提问) ________ ________ five and two ?

14.The pencil is blue. (提问) ________ ________ ______ the pencil ?

15.Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend , too. (同义句) Lucy and Lily _______ _______ ______.

16.This is a girl. (变复数句) ______ _______ ________ girls.

17.These are my friends. (变否定句) _______ _______ my friends.

18.Mrs Green is Kate’s mother. (同义句) Kate is _______ _______ ______ .

19.Those are Tom’s photos. (变单数句) ______ _______ Tom’s photo.

20.Thank you for your photos. (同义句) _______ _______ your photos.

21.Those are Kate’s pens. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ Kate’s .

22.She’s my aunt’s daughter. (变复数句) ______ my aunt’s ________ .

23.That woman’s Jim’s aunt. (提问) ________ ________ that woman ?

24. a , is , family , this , of , photo , David’s(连词成句)___________________________

25.My books are in the bag. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______books in the bag ?

26.His baseball is under the chair. (变复数句) _______ ______ ________ under the chair .

27.Your keys are next to the door. (变单数句)Your______ _______ next to the door.

28.The sweater is on the bed. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ on the bed ?

29.I need a hat. (变否定句) I _______ _______ a hat.

30.There are some apples on the tree. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ apples on the tree ?

31.I know your pen is black. (变否定句) I _______ _______ your pen______ black .

32.Are those bananas green?(做肯定回答) ________ , ________ ________.

33.Some apples are on the bed. (提问) ________ ________ on the bed ?

34.We can see a bird in the tree. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ a bird in the tree ?

35.We have seven classes every day. (变否定句) We _______ _______ seven classes every day .

36.He has two basketballs. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ two basketballs ?

37.She has a brother. (变复数句) ______ ________ a brother .

38.Is there a map of China in your class? (同义句) _______your class _______ a map of China ?

39.He has a computer game. (变否定句) He _______ _______ a computer game .

40.Mary does homework at home. (变一般疑问句) _______ Mary _______ homework at home?

41.Sue has a sports collection. (变一般疑问句) ______ Sue ______ a sports collection ?

42.I have seven balls. (变否定句) I _______ _______ seven ball.

43.Jim likes sports. (提问) ________ ________ Jim _______ ?

44.Lucy plays the guitar every day. (提问) ________ ________ Lucy play the guitar ?

45.This game is relaxing. (同义句) _______ is _______ ________ game .

46.Terry has eight balls. (提问) ________ ________ balls ________ Terry have ?

47.She has two eggs for breakfast. (提问) ________ ________ she ________ for breakfast ?

48.This is a strawberry . (变复数句) ______ ________ ________ ________.

49.Mother has French fries and ice cream. (变否定句) Mother _______ _______ French fries and ice cream .

50.They don’t like hamburgers. (变一般疑问句) ______ they ______ hamburgers ?

51.Sandra Clark is a famous running star. (提问) ________ ________ Sandra Clark ?

52.The girl likes hamburgers. (提问) ________ ________ hamburgers ?

53.Does he like ice cream?(变肯定句) He ______ ___________.

54.Tom likes salad and ice cream.(变否定句) Tom ______ ______ salad _______ ice cream.

55.My brother plays sports in the morning. (变一般疑问句) ______your brother______ sports in the morning?

56.I want three shirts. (提问) ________ ________ shirts _______ you want?

57.The pants are 38 dollars. (提问) ________ ________ ________ the pants ?

58.Can I help you? (同义句) _______ can I ______ _______ ________?

59.How much is this dress? (变复数句)How much ________ ________ ________?

60.I want to buy a pair of shoes. (提问) ________ ________ you_______ to buy?

61.I like red. (提问) ________ ________ ________ you ________ ?

62.The blue skirt is only 30 dollars. (提问) ________ ________ is only 30 dollars ?

63.Those are my socks. (同义句) ______ _____ are _____.

64.Her birthday is in July. (提问) ________ ________ her birthday ?

65.Susan is 13 years old. (提问) ________ ________ ________ Susan ?

66.We have football game at our school. (提问) ________ ________ you _______ football game ?

67.My aunt is 60 years old. (提问) ________________________________ ?

68.Bob likes music. (变否定句) Bob ______ _______ music .

69.Joe can speak Chinese. (变一般疑问句) ______Joe ______Chinese ?

70.My brother can play the guitar. (提问) ________ ________ your brother ________ ?

71.She can sing.(用dance变选择疑问句) ________ she sing _______ dance?

72.He can help you. (提问) ________ ______help you ?

73.His parents have lunch at 12 o’clock. (提问) ________ ______ _______ his parents have lunch ?

74.He likes math best. (同义句)______ ______ ______ is math.

75.Joe likes Chinese because it’s interesting. (提问) ________ ______ Joe ______ Chinese ?

76.It’s Saturday toda y. (提问) ________ ______ is it today ?

77.He plays football for two hours. (提问) ________ ______ _______ he play football ?

78.We go and see him.(变祈使句) ______ ______ and see him.

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七年级上册英语语法大全(整理版)教程文件

七年级上册英语语法大全(整理版)

七年级上册英语语法 1.介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。例如: in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床上 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如: behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如: near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如: at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如: a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2.冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。 1)不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。 a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 2)定冠词the the可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀? ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀? ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀? ------ 在桌子上。 3、名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形 式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式: 1)一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如: Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 2)如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如: Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 3)如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如: Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节

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