TEM8 General Knowledge (08预测)

Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar for it is mostly _________

a.prescriptive

b. descriptive

c. subjective

d. analytic

Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called ________

a.transformational rules

b. generative rules

c. phrase structure rules

d. X-bar theory

_________ is advanced by Paul Grice.

a. cooperative principle

b. politeness principle

c. The general principle of universal grammar

d. adjacency principle

A historical study of language is a ________ study of language.

a. synchronic

b. diachronic

c. prescriptive

d. comparative

__________ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.

a. semantics

b. syntax

c. phonology

d. morphology

Middle English was deeply influenced by ________

a.Norman French in vocabulary and grammar

b.Greek and Latin because of the European renaissance movement

c.Danish languages because Denmark placed a king on the throne of England

d.the Celtic people who were the first inhabitants of England.

Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?

a. arbitrariness

b. displacement

c. duality

d. meaningfulness

The Naming Theory is advanced by _________

a. Plato

b. Bloomfield

c. Geoffrey Leech

d. Firth

Chomsky defines ________ as the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language.

a. performance

b. langue

c.parole

d. competence

Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between meanings and ________

a. senses

b. sounds

c. objects

d. ideas

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a.sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the lignuistic form.

b.Sense is the collection of all the features of the lignuistic form.

c.Sense is abstract and de-contextualize

d.

d.Sense is the aspect of meaning dictionary compilers are not interested in.

A_____ is a variety of language that serves as a medium of communication among groups of people for diverse linguistic backgrounds.

a. lingua franca

b. register

c. creole

d. dialect

________ is the branch of linguistics that deals with the origin and historical development of a linguistic form.

a. sociology

b. etymology

c. stylistics

d. rhetoric

________ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic features.

a.predication analysis

b. componential analysis

c. phonemic analysis

d. grammatical analysis

a linguistic ________ refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the “polite” society from general use

a. slang

b. euphemism

c. jargon

d. taboo

The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _______ sounds.

a. vioceless

b. voiced

c. vowel

d. consonantal

_______ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.

a. reference

b. concept

c. semantics

d. sense

Of the following word-formation processes, ________ is the most productive.

a. clipping

b. blending

c. initialism

d. derivation

A(n) ________ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features. a. phone b. sound c. allophone d. phoneme

_________ refers to the phenomenon that words of different meanings have the same form.

a. polysemy

b. synonymy

c. homonymy

d. hyponymy

Which of the following statements is NOT true of interlanguage?

a.interlanguage is a product of communicative strategies of the learner

b.interlanguage is a product of mother tongue interference

c.interlanguage is a product of overgeneralization of the target language rules.

d.Interlanguage is the representation of learners’ unsystematic L2 rules

The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) _________

a. bound morpheme

b. bound form

c. inflectional morpheme

d. free morpheme

_______ does not study meaning in isolation, but in context.

a. pragmatics

b. semantics

c. sense relation

d. concept

Language change is _________

a.universal, continuous and to a large extent, regular and systematic

b.continuous, regular, systematic, but not universal

c.universal, continuous, but not regular and systematic

d.always regular and systematic, but not universal and continuous

_________ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word

a. prefixes

b. suffixes

c. roots

d. affixes

Speech act theory did not come into being until _________

a.the late 50’s of the 20th century

b. the early 50’s of the 20th century

c. the late 1960’s of the 20th century

d. the early 21st century

_______ is concerned with the social significance of language variation and language use in different speech communities.

a.psycholinguistics

b. sociolinguistics

c. historical linguistics

d. general linguistics

_________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.

a. syntax

b. ponology

c. morphology

d. phonetics

The meaning of language was considered as something ________ in traditional semantics

a. contextual

b. natural

c. intrinsic

d. logical

English language belongs to ________

a. Indo-European family

b. Sino-Tibetan family

c. Austronesian family c. Afroasiatic family

answer keys:

baabc adadb dabbd aaddc ddaaa abcca

1. Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.

A. Christian

B. Knightly

C. Greek

D. Primitive

2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of

A. Piers Plowman

B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

C. Confessio Amantis

D. The Canterbury Tales

3. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement?

A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.

B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology.

C. The Glorious revolution.

D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.

4. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?

A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.

B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.

C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.

D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.

5. "And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks, /By shallow rivers to whose falls/ Melodious birds sing madrigals." The above lines are probably taken from

A. Spenser’s The Faerie Queene

B. John Donne’s "The Sun Rising"

C. Shakespeare’s "Sonnet 18"

D. Marlowe’s "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love"

6. "Bassani Antonio, I am married to a wife

Which is as dear to me as life itself;

But life itself, my wife, and all the world,

Are not with me esteem’d above thy life;

I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,

Here to the devil, to deliver you.

Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,

If she were by to hear you make the offer."

The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare’s comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate

A. dramatic irony

B. personification

C. allegory

D. symbolism

7. The true subject of John Donne’s poem, "The Sun Rising," is to

A. attack the sun as unruly servant

B. give compliments to the mistress and her power of beauty

C. criticize the sun’s intrusion into the lover’s private life

D. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie

8. Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a " in prose," the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

A. tragic epic

B. comic epic

C. romance

D. lyric epic

9. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s travels are

A. horses that are endowed with reason

B. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities

C. giants that are superior in wisdom

D. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways

10. Here are four lines from a literary work: "Others for language all their care express,/And value books, and women men, for dress." The work is

A. Thomas Gray’s "E legy Written in a Country Churchyard"

B. John Milton’s Paradise Lost

C. Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism

D. Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream

11. The phrase "to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils" may well sum up the implied meaning of

A. Gulliver’s Travels

B. The Rape of the Lock

C. Robinson Crusoe

D. The Pilgrim’s Progress

12. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT

A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common people

B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

C. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter

D. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech

13. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ "Ode on a Grecian Urn"?

A. "I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!"

B. "They are both gone up to the church to pray."

C. "Earth has not anything to show more fair."

D. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty."

14. "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" is an epigrammatic line by

A. J. Keats

B. W. Blake

C. W. Wordsworth

D. P. B. Shelley

15. "Ode on a Grecian Urn" shows the contrast between the of art and the of human passion.

A. glory...ugliness

B. permanence... transience

C. transience ... sordidness

D. glory ... permanence

16. In the statement "-oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?" the term "soul" apparently refers to

A. Heathcliff himself

B. Catherine

C. one’s spiritual life

D. one’s ghost

17. The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the

A. bitter satire

B. larger-than-life caricature

C. Latinized diction

D. dramatic monologue

18. The Victorian Age was largely and age of _____, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.

A. poetry

B. drama

C. prose

D. epic prose

19. is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.

A. Jane Eyre

B. Emma

C. Wuthering Heights

D. Middlemarch

20. The major concern of fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.

A. D. H. Lawrence’s

B. J. Galsworthy’s

C. W. Thackeray’s

D. T. Hardy’s

21. is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.

A. Richard Sheridan

B. Oliver Goldsmith

C. Oscar Wilde

D. Bernard Shaw

22. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?

A. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.

B. To put the stress on traditional values.

C. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between

man and his environment.

D. To advocate a conscious break with the past.

23. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the in the American literary history.

A. individual feelings

B. idea of survival of the fittest

C. strong imagination

D. return to nature

24. Henry David Thoreau’s work, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.

A. Walden

B. The Pioneers

C. Nature

D. Song of Myself

25. The famous 20-year sleep in "Rip Van Winkle" helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving’s

A. concern with the passage of time

B. expression of transient beauty

C. satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beings

D. idea about supernatural manipulation of man’s life

26. Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of , poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.

A. bland verse

B. heroic couplet

C. free verse

D. iambic pentameter

27. The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they

A. speak local dialects

B. are polite and elegant gentlemen

C. are simple and crude farmers

D. are noble savages(red and white) untainted by society

28. Hster Pryme, Dimmesdale, Cillingworth, and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in

A. The Scarlet Letter

B. The House of the Seven Gablest

C. The portrait of a Lady

D. The Pioneers

29. "This is my letter to the World" is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson’s about her communication with the outside world.

A. indifference

B. anger

C. anxiety

D. sorrow

30. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.

A. Sentimentalism

B. romanticism

C. realism

D. naturalism

31. After The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book entitled

A. Life on the Mississippi

B. The Gilded Age

C. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

D. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court

32. However, the keynote of Daisy Miller’s character, turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.

A. experience

B. sophistication

C. worldliness

D. innocence

33. Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be

A. transcendentalists

B. idealists

C. pessimists

D. impressionists

34. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?

A. Religion and immortality

B. Life and death

C. Love and marriage

D. War and peace

35. In "After Apple- Picking," Robert Frost wrote: "For I have had too much / Of apple -picking: I am overtired/ Of the great harvest I myself desired." From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is

A. happy about the harvest

B. still very much interested in apple-picking

C. expecting a greater harvest

D. indifferent to what he once desired

36. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over

A. Ezra Pound

B. Ralph Waldo Emerson

C. Robert Frost

D. Emily Dickinson

37. The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their

A. indestructible spirit

B. pessimistic view of life

C. war experiences

D. masculinity

38. In The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape, O’Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the of human beings in a hostile universe.

A. helpless situation

B. uncertainty

C. profound religious faith

D. courage and perseverance

39. In Hemingway’s "Indian Camp", Nick’s night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as

A. an essential lesson about Indian tribes

B. a confrontation with evil and sin

C. an initiation to the harshness of life

D. a learning process in human relationship

40. Which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story "A Rose for Emily," is NOT true?

A. She has a distorted personality.

B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.

C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South.

D. She is the victim of the past glory.

1. Although _______ was essentially a medieval writer, he bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new era of literature to come.

A. William Langland

B. John Gower

C. Geoffrey Chaucer

D. Edmund Spenser

2. The religious reformation in the early 16th-century England was a reflection of the class struggles waged by the _____.

A. rising bourgeoisie against the feudal class and its ideology

B. working class against the corruption of the bourgeoisie

C. landlord class against the rising bourgeoisie and its ideology

D. feudal class against the corruption of the Catholic Church

3. The statement that a man gained the whole world but lost his own soul makes a good summary of the main plot of ______.

A. Paradise Lost

B. The Merchant of Venice

C. Hamlet

D. The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus

4. "Is not a patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help?"The above passage is taken from _______.

A. Francis Bacon’s "Of Studies"

B. William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice

C. Samuel Johnson’s "To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield"

D. Jonathan Swift’s "A Modest Proposal"

5. The essence of humanism is to ______.

A. restore a medieval reverence for the church

B. avoid the circumstances of earthly life

C. explore the next world in which men could live after death

D. emphasize human qualities

6. In The Pilgrim’s Progress, John Bunyan describes The Vanity Fair in a ______ tone.

A. delightful

B. satirical

C. sentimental

D. solemn

7. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form -the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common English people.

A. romantic

B. idealistic

C. prophetic

D. realistic

8. As a literary figure, John Rivers appears in _______.

A. Fielding’s Tom Jones

B. Dickens’s Oliver Twist

C. Bronte’s Jane Eyre

D. Austen’s Pride and Prejudice

9. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe created the image of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie in the ______ century.

A. 17th

B. 18th

C. 19th

D. 20th

10. In "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard," Thomas Gray compares the common folk with the great ones, wondering what the commons could have achieved if they had had the ______.

A. chance

B. love

C. money

D. material sources

11. The poetic view of ______ can be best understood from his remark about poetry, that is, "all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings."

A. Samuel Taylor Coleridge

B. John Keats

C. William Wordsworth

D. Percy Bysshe Shelly

12. Pip, Estella, Havisham, Magwitch, and Joe Gargery are most likely names of characters in _______.

A. Oliver Twist

B. David Copperfield

C. Bleak House

D. Great Expectations

13. In English poetry the _______ is regarded as the most common foot.

A. iamb

B. anapest

C. trochee

D. dactyl

14. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet finds out some weak points about herself in the process of judging others. Which of the following is NOT a weak point of hers?

A. Blindness.

B. Partiality.

C. Snobbishness.

D. Prejudice.

15. In Byron’s poem "Song for the Luddites," the word "Luddite" refers to the _______.

A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemployment

B. rising bourgeoisie who fought against the aristocratic class

C. descendents of the ancient king, King Lud

D. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class

16. "Five miles meandering with a mazy motion Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,

Then reached the caverns measureless to man,

And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean."

The above lines are taken from ______.

A. Wor dsworth’s "The Solitary Reaper"

B. Bla ke’s "The Chimney Sweeper"

C. Coleridge’s "Kubla Khan"

D. Keats’s "Ode on an Grecian Urn"

17. In his poem, "Ode to the West Wind," Shelley intends to present his wind as a central _______ around which the poem weaves various cycles of death and rebirth.

A. concept

B. symbol

C. simile

D. metonymy

18. In the conversation with his wife in Chapter One of Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Bennet uses a(n) ______ tone with sarcastic humor.

A. solemn

B. harsh

C. arrogant

D. teasing

19. Charles Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of his novel ______.

A. Great Expectations

B. A Tale of Two Cities

C. Bleak House

D. Oliver Twist

20. A typical feature of the English ______ literature is that writers became social and moral critics, exposing all kinds of social evils.

A. Renaissance

B. Romantic

C. Victorian

D. Medieval

21. The statement that those extraordinary people, seeking something beyond the provinc ial life, have finally to subject themselves to the limitations of the reality either due to their own weakness or the social environment may well sum up one of the major themes of ______.

A. Fielding’s Tom Jones

B. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe

C. Austen’s Pride and Prejudice

D. Eliot’s Middlemarch

22. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______, who never pays any attention to human feelings.

A. justice

B. property

C. morality

D. humor

23. Which of the following statements about The Scarlet Letter is NOT true?

A. It explores man’s never-ending search for the satisfaction of materialistic desires.

B. It relates the conflicts between the society and the individual.

C. It is about the effect of sin on the people involved and the society as a whole.

D. It presents a psychological analysis of the inward tensions of the characters.

24. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from _______’s writings.

A. Walt Whitman

B. Henry David Thoreau

C. Herman Melville

D. Ralph Waldo Emerson

25. Which of Hemingway’s novels describes the drifting life of American exiles in Europe?

A. The Sun Also Rises.

B. A Farewell to Arms.

C. For Whom the Bell Tolls.

D. The Old Man and the Sea.

26. The theme of _______ may be well stated as "It sings of nationalism and of the nature of the self in relation to the cosmos and the meaning and purpose of birth and death."

A. Edgar Allan Poe’s "To Helen"

B. Robert Frost’s "The Road Not Taken"

C. Walt Whitman’s "Song of Myself"

D. Emily Dickenson’s "Because I could not stop for Death"

27. The American Puritanism as a cultural heritage benefited the Americans in _______.

A. strengthening their moral values

B. weakening their religious faith

C. knowing truth intuitively

D. developing their science and technology

28. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ______.

A. international theme

B. waste-land imagery

C. local color

D. symbolism

29. "Strange names were over the doors -strange faces at the windows -every thing was strange. His mind now began to misgive him, that both he and the world around him were bewitched. Surely this was his native village, which he had left but the day before." The above passage is taken from ______.

A. Irving’s "Rip Van Winkle"

B. Hawthorne’s "Young Goodman Brown"

C. James’ "Daisy Miller"

D. Hemingway’s "Indian Camp"

30. According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter "A" which originally stood for "_______" finally obtained the meaning of "able" or "angel" through Hester’s efforts.

A. adultery

B. arrogance

C. accomplishment

D. agony

31. As a naturalist writer, Theodore Dreiser was greatly influenced by _______.

A. Nathaniel Hawthorne

B. Charles Darwin

C. Henry James

D. Ralph Waldo Emerson

32. In Sister Carrie, Hurstwood, extremely hopeless and totally devastated, ends his life by turning on the gas, while at the same time Carrie is rocking comfortably in her luxurious hotel room before she boards a ship for _______.

A. New York

B. London

C. Paris D, Geneva

33. In Henry James’ "Daisy Miller," the author tries to portray the protagonist as an embodiment of ______.

A. the force of convention

B. the decline of aristocracy

C. the free spirit of the New World

D. the corruption of the new rich

34. American writers of the first postwar era who were devoid of faith and alienated from the civilization were commonly called "______."

A. sons of liberty

B. fatherless children

C. a beat generation

D. a lost generation

35. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. a return to nature

B. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized society

C. the heavenly kingdom of Christianity

D. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily

36. Of the following American poets in the twentieth century, the one who has the best knowledge of Chinese culture is _______.

A. Robert Frost

B. Allen Ginsberg

C. Ezra Pound

D.

E. E. Cummings

37. Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story "A Rose for Em ily," can be regarded as a symbol standing for all the following qualities EXCEPT _______.

A. no prejudice against the northerners

B. rigid ideas of social status

C. bigotry and eccentricity

D. grace and integrity

38. Robert Frost is a regional poet in the sense that his poems are mainly concerned about the _______.

A. life in New York

B. country life in New England

C. sea adventures

D. life on the Mississippi

39. In Hemingway’s story "Indian Camp" Nick, the protagonist, witnesse s _______.

A. a tragic killing of the Indians by the white man

B. real friendship between the white men and the Indians

C. men’s senseless killing of each other

D. terrible scenes of birth and death

40. Great Gatsby, written by Fitzgerald in 1925, is a story about ______ who was destroyed by the influence of the wealthy, pleasure-seeking people around him.

A. a vagabond

B. an idealist

C. an eccentric

D. an opportunist

1. “And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds fee d their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______.

A. Milton’s Paradise Lost

B. Marlowe’s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”

C. Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18”

D. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”

2. The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .

A. poetry and drama

B. drama and novel

C. novel and poetry

D. romance and poetry

3. Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: “But on hi s brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?

A. Beowulf

B. King Arthur

C. Jesus Christ

D. Jupiter

4.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.

A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industry

B. his enterprise went bankrupt

C. Bassanio was able to pay his own debt

D. his ships had all been lost

5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?

A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.

B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.

C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.

D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.

6. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.

A. heroic couplet

B. quatrain

C. Spenserian stanza

D. terza rima

7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.”

The above lines are taken from .

A. Alexa nder Pope’s Essay on Criticism

B. Coleridge’s “Kubla Khan”

C. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”

D. Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”

8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.

A. persecution

B. improvement

C. prosperity

D. disillusionment

9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.

A. romantic

B. realistic

C. prophetic

D. idealistic

10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life— socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.

A. Moll Flanders

B. Gulliver’s Travels

C. Pilgrim’s Progress

D. The School for Scandal

11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .

The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding’s work.

A. Jonathan Wild the Great

B. Tom Jones

C. The Coffe-House Politician

D. Amelia

12. In Sheridan’s The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .

A. Charles Surface

B. Joseph Surface

C. Sir Peter Teazle

D. Sir Benjamin Backbite

13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?

A. Robinson Crusoe

B. Gulliver’s Travels

C. Jonathan Wild the Great

D. A Sentimental Journey

14. Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .

A. the Bible

B. a German legend

C. a Greek play

D. One Thousand and One Nights

15. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ______ of the Bennet family .

A. high opinion

B. great admiration

C. low opinion

D. erroneous view

16. In Byron’s poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .

A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemployment

B. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic class

C. descendents of the ancient king ,Lud

D. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class

17. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.

A. comic

B.tragic

C. round

D.sophisticated

18. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.

A. revolutionaries

B. idealists

C. critics

D. defenders

19. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”(Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Catherine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.) The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .

A. Heaven

B. Hades

C. the next world

D. this world

20. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.

A. justice

B. humor

C. morality

D. property

21. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”(Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence)From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel’s attitude to her husband is ______ .

A. sincerely warm

B. genuinely kind

C. seemingly angry

D. merely contemptuous

22. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.

The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.

A. Eliot’s poem The love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

B. Bernard shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession

C. Joyce’s story Araby

D. Lawrence’s story The Horse Dealer’s Daughter

23. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James’s fiction is noted for his ______.

A. frontier vernacular

B. rich colloquialism

C. vulgarly descriptive words

D. refined elegant language

24. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?

A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.

B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.

C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.

D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.

25. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?

A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.

B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.

C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal “Oversoul.”

D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.”

26. Whitman’s poems are characterized by al l the following features EXCEPT ______ .

A. the strict poetic form

B. the free and natural rhythm

C. the easy flow of feelings

D. the simple and conversational language

27. “Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand years ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.

A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human history

B. man’s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destruction

C. nature is evil as it was 5000 years ago

D. nature has the ultimate creative power

28. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”

The above passage is taken from ______.

A. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin

B. Cooper’s “Leatherstocking Tales”

C. Emerson’s “Nature”

D. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie

29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?

A. Stowe’s Uncle Ton’s Cabin

B. James’s The Portrait of a Lady.

C. Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms

D. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.

30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville’s Moby-Dick a world classic.

A. narrative power

B. psychological analysis

C. speculative agility

D. optimistic view of life

31. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ______ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.

A. Puritan

B. materialistic

C. psychological

D. religious

32. In Daisy Miller, Henry James reveals Daisy’s ______ by showing her relatively unreserved manners.

A. hypocrisy

B. cold and indifference

C. grace and patience

D. Americanness

33. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. a return to nature

B. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized society

C. the American society in the early 19th century

D. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily

34. Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily,” can be regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT______.

A. old values

B. rigid ideas of social status

C. bigotry and eccentricity

D. harmony and integrity

35. As a Modernist poet ,Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ______ .

A. cubist school of modern painting

B. Imagist Movement

C. stream-of-consciousness technique

D. German Expressionism

36. The statement that a boy’s night journey to an Indian village to witness the violence of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum up the major theme of ______ .

A. Faul kner’s story “A Rose for Emily

B. Hemingway’s story “Indian Camp”

C. Irving’s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

D. James’s story “Daisy Miller”

37. Which of the following plays by O’Neill can be read autobiographically?

A. The Hairy Ape

B. The Emperor Jones

C. The Iceman Cometh

D. Long Day’s Journey Into Night

38. When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but was disillusioned in the quest of an idealized dream, we are probably discussing about ______’s thematic concern in his fiction writing.

A. Henry James

B. Scott Fitzgerald

C. Ernest Hemingway

D. William Faulkner

39. After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.

A. desperate and gloomy

B. renewed in his faith

C. wearing a black veil

D. unaware of his own sin

40. According to Mark Twain, in r iver towns up and down the Mississippi, it was every boy’s dream to some day grow up to be ______.

A. Methodist preacher

B. a justice of the peace

C. a riverboat pilot

D. a pirate on the Indian ocean

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九年级课文翻译 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】

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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：（报名网址） Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always __1__ such people, but I also explain that there’sa big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of __2__ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer."The reality is that writing is a __3__, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never __4__. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a __7__ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat __9__ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test----even though it meant living with __10__and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there. A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubt E) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospects I) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awarded M) alone N)wealth O)cold 【答案】 1.选K)。此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家的人，而不是怀疑也不是说服，故排除doubt和persuade而选encourage。 2.选N)。由空格后的fame可知，此处应填名词。可选项有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 与第二段中The reality is... poor-paying可推知，那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉，而不是前途，故排除prospects而选wealth。

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九年级英语u n i t课文 翻译 Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】

unit3 Could you please tell me where the restroom are ? sectionA 2d 何伟：这就是欢乐时代公园——我们这座城市最大的游乐园。 爱丽丝：就要玩各种游乐项目了，我好兴奋呀！ 何伟：我们先玩那样呢？有太空世界、水世界、动物世界…. 爱丽丝：在我们决定前，麻烦你先告诉我哪儿有洗手间吗？ 何伟：什么？休息室？你想要休息了？我们可还没有开始玩呢！ 爱丽丝：不是的，我不是指休息的地方。我是说…..你知 道，一间洗手间或卫生间。 何伟：嗯….那么你是指….卫生间吗？ 爱丽丝：对啦！不好意思，也许中国人说英语不常用 restroom这个词。 何伟：就是的，我们常说toilets 或washroom 。不过，厕所在哪里。 爱丽丝：知道了，我一会儿就好！ 何伟：没问题，你不必赶的。 Section A 3a 欢乐时代公园————总是欢乐时光 [ 爱丽丝和何伟在太空世界] 爱丽丝：我不知道我们接下来该去哪里。

何伟：去玩玩那边那个新项目怎样？ 爱丽丝：啊…..看上去挺吓人的。 何伟：勇敢些！我保证会很好玩！如果害怕就喊出来或抓住我的手。 【乘坐后…..】 爱丽丝：你是对的，这真好玩！我起先有些害怕，但喊叫真管用。何伟：瞧：这并不糟糕，对吧？你需要去尝试，否则永远不会知道你能行。 爱丽丝：是这样的，我真高兴自己尝试了这个项目。 何伟：现在你想去水世界吗？ 爱丽丝：当然，但我饿了。你知道哪里有又好吃又快的地方？ 何伟：当然知道！我建议去水世界的水城餐馆他们做得很好吃。爱丽丝：太好了，我们去吧！ 何伟：[在去水城餐馆的路上，爱丽丝与何伟路过鲍勃叔叔的餐厅]爱丽丝：你瞧！这间餐厅看上去很有意思。牌子上写着有个摇滚乐队每晚在演奏。 何伟：我们为何不回头过来在这吃晚饭？咱们去问一下乐队演出几点开始。 【爱丽丝和何伟向门口的员工走去】 爱丽丝：劳驾，请问你们乐队今天晚上何时开始演奏？ 何伟：八点。那时人总是很多，所以得来早一点才有桌子。 爱丽丝：好的，谢谢！

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passage One (Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice) In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned．There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging．Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other．What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all．We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged．The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing．We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute．The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing．No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us． The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing．They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement．If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution．Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake．In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme．The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us．Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law． Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each other’s problems．And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information．'Talk, talk, talk,’the advocates of violence say,‘all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser．’It’s rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge．After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser．‘Possible, my lord,’the barrister replied,‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed．’Knowledge

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