初中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．根据短文内容，判断正误。
Dear Alan,
Guess what? I have a chance to choose my new place to live in. I am excited and a little nervous. Could you please give me some help?
I am not sure whether I will live in a house or in an apartment. On the one hand, a house will be too big for just one person, so maybe I should rent an apartment, On the other hand, if I rent a house, I could find someone else to share with me. The only problem is that a house full of people might be too noisy for me. I prefer to have my own space. The city has some nice apartments, but they are also too expensive. However, if I could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet. You know I can not live with someone who is loud and messy. I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location. I probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station. That way I will have more time to study and spend less time travelling.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Love,
Victor （1）Victor feels excited because he can decide where to live.
（2）Victor wants to share the house with a（an）neat and quiet person.
（3）If Victor finds a roommate, he will waste money.
（4）Victor doesn't have a car, so he wants a two-bed-room apartment
（5）Victor also needs to think carefully about the location.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Victor写信向Alan询问怎样选择新居住地。
（1）细节题。根据I have a chance to choose my new place to live in. I am excited and a little nervous.可知Victor是兴奋的，因为他有机会选择新住址，故选正确。
（2）细节题。根据I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet.可知Victor希望舍友是干净和文静的，故选正确。
（3）细节题。根据However, if I could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. 可知Victor找到舍友后会平分房租，所以不是浪费钱，故选错误。
（4）细节题。根据I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location.可知Victor没有车，所以也需要仔细考虑位置，而不是想要一个两间卧室的公寓，故选错误。（5）细节题。根据I do not have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location.可知
Victor没有车，所以也需要仔细考虑位置，故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
2．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the state of Qin（秦国）, there was a man called Shang Yang（商鞅）. He was a statesman （政治家） and worked out many reforms（改革） for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards （报酬） to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out （执行） at first. Most people didn't trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up wiIh an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.
Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, "The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces."
It was a sample job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke.
Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, "The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces."
This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.
After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him.
Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. Al last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire （帝国）.
（1）What did Shang Yang do?
A. A statesman.
B. A king.
C. An emperor.
D. A soldier.（2）In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have?
A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition.
B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition
C. The man stepping forward first would be praised.
D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces.
（3）Why did Shang Yang's reward increase at last?
A. Because a man stepped forward.
B. Because there wasn't enough time.
C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer.
D. Because Shang Yang was happy.
（4）"They believed he was a man of his word." What does the underlined part mean? A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot.
C. A man who keeps his word.
D. A man of few words.
（5）After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China?
A. Shang Yang became the first emperor.
B. The first empire of China appeared.
C. The south gate fell down.
D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了商鞅是怎样让其他人支持他改革的。
（1）细节题。根据He was a statesman （政治家）可知商鞅是个政治家，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, "The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces."可知商鞅在南大门放了杆子，拿着这个杆子的人从南大门到北大门的人将得到一些金币，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, "The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces." 听到没有回应，商鞅增加报酬，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.可知商鞅真给那个人50个金币，所以商鞅是个守信的人，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据Qin made all the seven states into one empire （帝国）.可知秦国成了第一大帝国，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
One day an American called Simon went to London to visit his friend. Rick told him that his flat was on the first floor. When he arrived, Simon went straight to the first floor of the building. But he was told that there was no Rick on that floor. Do you know why?
In fact, the British call the first floor of a building the ground floor. The floor above the ground floor is the first floor, which Americans would call the second floor.
The story shows that there are a few culture differences between Britain and America, though the British and Americans both speak English.
The British usually hide their feelings. They seldom start a conversation with strangers. For example, on the train the British often spend their time reading newspapers or books. But Americans are quite different. They're more active and easier to talk with.
The British and Americans may use different terms for many things. The British usually use football, eraser and mail while Americans prefer to use soccer, rubber and post.
（1）Simon went to London to .
A. visit his friend
B. spend his holiday
C. study English
D. have a meeting
（2）Which picture shows us where Rick's flat was?
A. B. C. D.
（3）According to the passage, the British usually spend their time on the train.
A. playing cards
B. talking loudly
C. doing some reading
D. singing and dancing
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. Differences in Culture
B. Simon's Funny Story
C. Information Abroad
D. Hiding the Feelings
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：通过实例说明英国和美国之间有一些文化差异，尽管英国和美国都讲英语。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 One day an American called Simon went to London to visit his friend. 可知，Simon到伦敦去拜访朋友，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 In fact, the British call the first floor of a building the ground floor. The floor above the ground floor is the first floor, which Americans would call the second floor.理解可知，Rick在二楼，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句For example, on the train the British often spend their time reading newspapers or books. 英国人喜欢在火车上读书，故选C。
（4）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句The story shows that there are a few culture differences between Britain and America, though the British and Americans both speak English.理解可知，不同的国家风俗习惯也不一样，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
4．阅读理解
What do you usually do on your smartphone? Send text messages, make phone calls or play video games? Now, thanks to a beginner-friendly programming（程序设计） tool, kids can do more than just play games on their smartphones-they can make their own games.
US high school student Samuel Ndungi spent a few months learning how to make apps（应用软件）for smart-phones.
"I was really shocked that you could do this on your own," Ndungi said "I thought only people from Microsoft and big companies could do this."
Ndungi took a class run by his teacher, Michael Braun. In Braun's class, kids learned how to use the beginner-friendly programming tool to program their own mobile apps.
This tool is called TouchDevelop. It puts basic instructions（基本指令）into blocks of code （代码）, and kids can put them together like Legos to run games, stories and other apps.
With TouchDevelop, student Tony Huynh learned how to make his own games. "You get to put your own thoughts into the game, like the animals you want, the kinds of backgrounds you would like to see, and so on," he said.
Another student Shina Williams wrote a program with about 80 lines of code that paints a picture of his childhood Teddy Bear." It's your own creativity, your own mark（印记）of something that's put in there and it stays in there, " she said.
Coding is more than just a job skill. Children who learn coding also find new ways to think, create and express themselves.
（1）What can kids do with beginner-friendly programming tools?
A. Send text messages.
B. Make phone calls.
C. Play games.
D. Make their own games.（2）How did Ndungi feel when he wrote an app for his mobile phone?
A. Surprised.
B. Disappointed.
C. Confident.
D. Cheerful.
（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Braun teaches his students how to make zegos.
B. TouchDevelop is a beginner-friendly programming tool.
C. Only people from Microsoft and big companies could make apps.
D. Kids get to put others' thoughts into the game with TouchDevelop.
（4）Why is coding more than just a job skill?
A. Because it's easy for students to learn coding.
B. Because coding plays an important role in finding a new job.
C. Because people can put basic instructions into blocks of code.
D. Because coding makes people more creative and finds new ways to express themselves.
（5）In which section of a magazine can the passage be found?
A. Sports.
B. Business.
C. Technology.
D. Advertisement.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国初中生可以用智能手机上的程序设计工具制作自己的游戏等。
（1）细节题。根据Now, thanks to a beginner-friendly programming（程序设计）tool, kids
can do more than just play games on their smartphones-they can make their own games.可知孩子们用程序设计工具来制作自己的游戏，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据"I was really shocked that you could do this on your own,"可知他是震惊的，即惊讶的，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据kids learned how to use the beginner-friendly programming tool to program their own mobile apps.This tool is called TouchDevelop.可知TouchDevelop是程序设计工具，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据Coding is more than just a job skill. Children who learn coding also find new ways to think, create and express themselves.可知代码不仅仅是一个工作技能，孩子们也可以发现新的思考和创造方式，并且表达自己，故选D。
（5）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了美国初中生可以用智能手机上的程序设计工具制作自己的游戏等。即属于科技，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
Different countries have different greeting customs. Read this article to know more about the greeting customs in different cultures, and make sure you greet people in the right way next time.
A. meet for the first time
B. be close friends
C. be in a social situation
D. be in a formal situation
（2）In Brazil, it is very common to _____ between good friends. A. shake hands B. kiss on the cheek C. bow to each other D. give a light hug
（3）Which of the following is about Ghana?
A. Friends can give a light hug to each other.
B. People can give a nod or handshake.
C. It's impolite to touch the back of the hand.
D. Family members can greet each other with a kiss.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了不同的国家有不同的问候习俗，了解更多不同文化中的问候习俗，确保下次你用正确的方式问候别人。
（1）推理题。根据close friends kiss each other on both cheeks when they meet 亲密的朋友见面时会亲吻对方的双颊可知， 迈克亲吻一个法国男孩吉姆的脸颊，他们可能是亲密的朋友 ， 故选B 。
（2）细节题。根据 a light hug is often given to each other 可知， 在巴西，好朋友之间轻轻拥抱一下很常见 ， 故选D 。
（3）细节题。根据 It's considered disrespectful to touch the back of the hand 可知，在加纳触摸手背是不礼貌的 ， 故选C 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
6．阅读理解 Two little boys had two little toys Each had a wooden horse. Joyfully, they played each summer's day.
Soldiers both, of course.
Then Jack broke off his horse's head
Sad for his toy, then cried with joy
As his young friend Joe said:
Did you think I would leave you crying
When there's room on my horse for two?
Climb up here, Jack, and don't be crying
I can go just as fast with two
When we grow up we'll both be soldiers
And our horses will not be toys
And I wonder if we'll remember
When we were two little boys. Long years past, war came so . Bravely they marched away. Guns roared loud and in the mad crowd Wounded and dying lie Up goes a shout, a horse rushes out Out from the crowd, to where Joe lay Then came a voice he knew: Did you think I would leave you dying When there's room on my
horse for two？
Climb up here, Joe, we'll
soon be flying
I can go just as fast with two.
Now we are both real
soldiers
And our horses are not toys
And I remember
When we were two little
boys.
（1）What happened to Jack's toy horse?
A. Its head was broken off.
B. It was taken by soldiers.
C. It was broken by Joe.
D. It was lost in the war.
（2）The best word for the blank is .
A. slow
B. hard
C. fast
D. quick
（3）What is the song mainly about ?
A. Dangerous war.
B. Interesting games.
C. Pleasant summer.
D. Valuable friendship.【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一首诗歌，讲述了两个从小一起玩的小男孩，他们小时候一起玩木头马，Jack的马坏了，Joe就让他一起玩他的玩具马；长大了他们当了士兵去打仗，Jack 受伤了，Joe骑着马把Jack带走了。
（1）细节题。根据短文中Then Jack broke off his horse's head可知Jack的玩具马的头断了，故选A。
（2）推理题。根据诗歌的第二节Long years past很多年过去了，战争来了，这个空与上句话在词尾是押韵的，past的结尾是/st/，因此这个空应填fast，它的结尾音也是/st/，故选C。
（3）主旨题。这篇短文讲述了两个从小一起玩的小男孩，他们小时候一起玩木头马，Jack 的马坏了，Joe就让他一起玩他的玩具马；长大了他们当了士兵去打仗，Jack受伤了，Joe 骑着马来把Jack带走了。从这首诗歌中，我们可以看到两个人珍贵的友谊，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
7．阅读理解
If you cannot travel around the world, why not travel on the Internet? GeoGuessr is a new online travel game. The game is easy to play, but nearly impossible to win. The new online game challenges your geography skills.
How to play the game
When you think you know where the photo was taken, click on the Google map to place your marker.
Click on the "Make A Guess" button on the bottom of the map. A new image will appear, showing the distance between the area you chose and the actual location. GeoGuessr will tell how many kilometers away you were and how many points you earned.
You get five chances to guess the location. After the fifth one, you see a map showing your guesses, the correct location and the number of points you earned.
Helpful hints（提示）
Here are a few tips to help you identify what part of the planet you are seeing.
look around and see if you can find any words on signs to show the local language. For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess.
Make a note of whether the cars drive on the right or the left side of the road. If cars are driving on the left, that narrows your guesses.
The more you play the game, the better you will get at geography.
（1）GeoGuessr is a new online game which challenges your _________ skills.
A. math
B. language
C. science
D. geography
（2）You can have _________ chances to guess the location you see.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
（3）If you see both French and English on signs, you may be in _________.
A. America
B. Japan
C. France
D. Canada
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. A new online game
B. How to travel around the world
C. How to play the game
D. How to guess the game
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了geoguessr一款新的在线旅游游戏。这场比赛很容易打，但几乎不可能获胜。新的在线游戏挑战你的地理技能。短文介绍了如何玩这种游
戏，有哪些提示。
（1）细节理解题，根据The new online game challenges your geography skills.可知，新游戏挑战你的地理技能，故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据You get five chances to guess the location.可知有五次机会猜测位置，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess.可知标有英语和法语的标记可能就是加拿大，故答案是D。
（4）标题判断题，文章主要介绍了一款新的有关地理知识的网上游戏软件，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。
8．阅读理解
Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others Believe that success mostly Comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and Circumstances（境遇）don't Come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are Born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.
However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10, 000 hours studying and practising. To vecome great at certain things, it'll require even more time, which most people won't put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were Born with some unusual talent, But thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge Chance that you're wrong anyway.
No matter what you do, if you want to Become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction（入迷）, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Hard work won't guarantee（保证）you the level of success you may want, But it will guarantee that you will Become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
（1）Paragraph 1 mainly talks about __________.
A. the reasons for success
B. the meaning of success
C. the standards of success
D. the importance of success
（2）The underlined word" that" refers to __________.
A. putting in more time
B. succeeding in life
C. Being good at something
D. setting a practical goal
（3）Successful people suggest doing what one loves Because __________.
A. work makes him feel pain
B. he is likely to enjoy his work
C. he gives up his work easily
D. it takes a lot of time to succeed
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain that luck or talent leads to success.
B. To tell us that one cannot succeed without time and practice.
C. To show us that having a goal is the main reason to success.
D. To describe that successful people like to show their great skills.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。
（1）主旨题。第一段主要分析了成功的原因，有人认为是天赋、出身或者运气，但是作者并不完全认同，认为这只是生活的现实而已。故A项，成功的原因是正确。B项意为“成功的意义”；C项意为“成功的标准”；D项意为“成功的重要性”，均与第一段不相关，故选A。
（2）词义猜测题。根据 to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something 可知that指代setting a practical goal，设定一个实际的目标，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it. 成功人士建议做自己喜欢的事情，因为他很可能喜欢他的工作，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。可知文章的主要目的是告诉我们没有
时间和实践就不会成功，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．阅读理解
Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.
People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution."
In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.
Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.
Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes.
"If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost. "People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment."
（1）The passage begins with several questions to .
A. introduce the main topic
B. describe online shopping
C. show the writer's opinion
D. list advantages of shopping
（2）What is the passage mainly about?
A. The Internet is not good to the environment.
B. Online shopping causes more air pollution.
C. Online shopping is bad for the environment.
D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment.
（3）Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful?
A. Large products need more packing materials.
B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years.
C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products.
D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store.
（4）What is probably the best title of the passage?
A. A Good Deal to Make
B. A Different Lifestyle to Keep
C. A Cleaner Way to Shop
D. A New Business to Start
（5）Which of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage?（P=Paragraph）
A.
B.
C.
D.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物。
（1）意图判断题，根据 Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited.可知，以上的几个问题是为了引出网上购物的话题。故答案是A。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment. 可知，短文主要在论述网上购物对环境的危害，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据 In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. 可知，网上购买的产品的包装浪费了大量的包装材料，故答案是A。
（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物，故答案是C。
（5）篇章结构题，通过阅读发现第一二段是独立的，接下来的三段是并列部分对于第二段进行论证，最后一段是总结性段落是对前面三段的总结，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到的题型较多，包括目的意图题、细节理解题、标题判断题和篇章结构题。目的意图题需要找出句子之间的因果关系，细节理解题需要认真阅读，仔细在文中寻找答案，标题判断题需要抓住文章的中心，用精炼的短语概括中心，篇章结构题比较简单，一般来说只要能看明白文章的意思，就可以判定出它的结构方式。
10．阅读理解
Many scientists find that colors can change people's feelings. It's very interesting. Some colors can make people feel relaxed, and some colors can make people feel nervous. Now, this kind of knowledge is being used in many places. For example, school walls are always painted green because green makes students feel relaxed. It is also good for the students' eyes. Some books are also green or light blue for the same reason. Restaurant owners not only have to know how to make food, but also have to know how to make money. Here are some things they've learned from scientific studies. The color red makes people hungry. Many fast food restaurants have red furniture or walls. Soft colors like pink and light blue make people feel relaxed, so they spend
more time eating. Loud music may be nice at first, but it soon makes people want to leave. Hard seats also make customers want to eat quickly and leave. Many restaurants, especially fast food restaurants, use this knowledge to make customers eat faster.
（1）How does the color green make the students feel?
A. Hungry.
B. Nervous.
C. Angry.
D. Relaxed.
（2）Which color isn't mentioned in this passage?
A. Green.
B. White.
C. Light blue.
D. Red.
（3）What do many fast food restaurants do?
①Play loud music.② Play soft music.
③Have hard seats.④Paint their walls red.
A. ①②③
B. ①③④
C. ①②④
D.
②③④
（4）What's the best title for this passage?
A. Color and Restaurant
B. Use Color to Make Money
C. Color and Science
D. Use Color to Change Feelings
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章讲述的是颜色可以改变人们的感觉，不同的颜色给人们不同的感觉，颜色现在被使用于各种场合。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章For example，school walls are always painted green because green makes students feel relaxed.学校墙面粉刷成绿色，能够使学生很放松。故选D
（2）细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章中提到了绿色，红色，粉色，浅蓝，但是没有提到白色。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章可知，快餐店的老板他们会把墙面粉刷成红色，把音乐放的很大，使用硬质椅子。这样人们就会吃饭吃的很快。而轻音乐会让人们放松，吃饭花费更多的时间。故选B。
（4）标题推断题。这篇文章主要讲的是颜色可以改变人们的感觉，不同的颜色给人们产生不同的感觉。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
11．阅读理解
Except for a few times, Americans are not big present-givers. There's no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe（贿赂） him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.
Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a
friend's birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner-that kind from his or her homeland-won't go wrong, except to government employees（政府职员） who can't be given presents.
You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, "It's so nice. Thanks…" when you get Christmas or birthday presents.
You may want to bring a bottle of wine（葡萄酒） or flowers to a dinner party, but you're never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.
At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, housecleaners, newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.
（1）What kind of presents don't Americans usually open in front of the givers?
A. The small presents.
B. Christmas or birthday presents.
C. The expensive presents.
D. The presents for dinner party.
（2）Which of the following do you think is RIGHT?
A. American business people don't want presents because they are rich enough.
B. The writer of this passage must be an American.
C. Everyone must give presents to one's family and friends at Christmas.
D. Government employees can get little presents from a foreigner.
（3）What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Present-giving in the United States.
B. Customs（习俗） in the United States.
C. American people and present-giving.
D. When and how to give presents.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗。美国人不会经常互送礼物的，因为他们认为是在贿赂，尤其是政府官员。但他们在圣诞节会给某些人送礼物的，以便来感谢他们。
（1）细节题。根据You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents.可知对于圣诞礼物和生日礼物，美国人通常不在给予者面前打开礼物，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据第一段的第一句话可判断A是错误的。根据第一段第一句话和第二段可推断B项是正确的。根据最后一段可知在圣诞节不是给每个人礼物的，可知C项是不正确的。根据第一段和第二段最后一句话可推断D项是错误的。故选B。
（3）主旨题。根据整篇文章大意可知本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When a man was walking by some elephants, he suddenly stopped He wondered why these huge animals were being held only by a small rope tied to their front legs. No chains, no cages. It was clear that the elephants could break the rope at any time, but for sonic reason, they did not. He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well," the trainer said, "when they were very young and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them from running away. At that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free."
The man was surprised. These animals could break flee whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.
How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we failed at it once before?
Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. So don't be afraid of failure and keep on trying. （1）Why did the elephants never try to break the rope after they grew up?
A. Because they liked being tied.
B. Because they were too weak to break it.
C. Because they didn't want to break it.
D. Because they thought they couldn't break it.（2）The underlined word "stuck" in Paragraph 3 means" ".
A. left
B. caught
C. killed
D. found
（3）What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Elephants should be set flee.
B. Failure can help us succeed.
C. Never let failure stop you from trying again.
D. People should look after the elephants well.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了一只脚而不逃走，由此引发对人生的思考。
（1）细节题。根据原文提到了 As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free. 可知大象小时候被绑住，长大了以后依然认为绳子可以拴住他们，故选D。
（2）推断题。根据原文提到了 because they believed they couldn't, 可知他们认为自己已经
被这根绳子困住了，故选B。
（3）主旨大意题。根据原文提到了 If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. 可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难打倒，坚强起来，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
13．阅读理解
Students in Kenya are returning for their third term. They begin their school year in January and it is broken up into three terms. In Kenya, in the past, students were not required to attend school and the education was not free, either.
I taught math, English and physics at Chamasiri Secondary School while I was a teacher in Kenya. This school had four classrooms ﹣one for each grade, Form 1, Form 2, Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. Teachers traveled from classroom to classroom instead of the students going from room to room. The Form I class had 60 students, Form 2 had 45, Form 3 had 30, and Form 4 about 12 students. The class sizes became smaller as the grades continued on. Why did this happn? Many families were very poor and could not afford the school fees（学费）.
Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. As a result, there were very few textbooks for the students to use. I had seven math texts for my Form 2 class and 14 for the Form I class. Anything the students needed to know was put up on the blackboard and the students copied it down into their notebooks. The notebooks became the students' textbooks.
Kenyan students study ten different subject areas. Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.
Luckily, Kenyan education has been becoming better and better in the past few years. I'm sure it will have a good future.
（1）Which grade does Form 3 refer to（指的是） in the writer's country？
A. Grade 9.
B. Grade 10.
C. Grade 11.
D. Grade 12.
（2）Why did the notebooks become the students' textbooks？
A. The students did not pay the schools.
B. The schools couldn't afford the textbooks.
C. The students preferred to use their notebook.
D. The teachers asked the students to take notes.
（3）Why do some students run home from school？
A. They aren't allowed to stay at school.
B. They don't like studying in the school.
C. They hope to have more time to study.
D. They want to get candles in the stores.
（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE？
A. In Kenya, a school year has three terms.
B. The Form I class had the most students.
C. Each family has electricity in Kenya.
D. Kenyan education has been improving.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍Chamasiri Secondary School的情况，这个学校有四个班，一个年级一个班，到这里来就读的学生一般都是穷人家的孩子，学生在这学习10门科目。（1）细节理解题。根据Form 1， Form 2， Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th， 10th， 11th and 12th grades. 第一组、第二组、第三组和第四组，他们分别对应9、10、11、12年级，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. 肯尼亚的大多乡村学校没有很多钱，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by. 一些学生花费一个多小时跑回家，他们在家做家务并希望天黑之前找到一些时间去学习，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用，因此孩子们跑回家是为了有更多的时间学习，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。题目问以下哪一个选项是不对的，根据Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.可知，大多家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用。C选项意为肯尼亚的每个家庭都有电，与原文不符，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。
14．阅读理解
Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book. They kept pictures, letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.
Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collections, like the world's most awkward ideas or pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather.
It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect. Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.
You can be busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. It'll be lots of fun to make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.
（1）How long was scrapbooking popular?
A. less than 500 years
B. 500 years
C. over 500 years
D. more than 550 years （2）What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "awkward"?
A. 聪明的
B. 愚蠢的
C. 美妙的
D. 残疾的（3）How many items （物品） are mentioned to make a scrapbook?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（4）To make a scrapbook, what do you need first?
A. Glue.
B. Scissors.
C. A book.
D. An idea.
（5）What's the best title of the passage?
A. Scrapbooking
B. The History of Scrapbooking
C. What Is a Scrapbook?
D. How to make a Scrapbook
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可以保存照片、信件、诗歌和其他他们想记住的东西。
（1）细节题。根 It was popular for more than 500 years可知它流行了500多年，故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather 世界上最丑陋的狗的照片。其他人可能会收集坏天气的故事可知awkward指愚蠢的，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue 你需要一本背景纸、剪刀和胶水的书可知3种物品被提到制作剪贴簿，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据 First, you should decide what you want to collect. 可知要制作剪贴簿，你首先需要，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可知 Scrapbooking适合做标题，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
15．阅读理解
Sometimes
Sometimes I feel lonely,
Like I'm by myself with no one there.
When I'm that way. I call a friend.
My lonely mood soon disappear.
Sometimes I feel excited,