高三基础知识天天练 英语课时作业21人教版

(必修五·Unit 1)

Ⅰ.单项填空

1．After all things had been discussed，the meeting was ________ with the applause.

A．completed B．composed

C．constructed D．concluded

答案与解析：D conclude意为“结束”，指彻底结束、关闭，可用于讲话、写作、会议、条约、甚至生意的正式结束，有时也可指以任何方式结束；complete意为“完成”，表示“使完整”，含有成品完整的意味；compose意为“组成，构成”；construct意为“建造”。

2．—How do you think of my homework?

—Good work，________ a few slight mistakes.

A．in addition to B．except

C．as well as D．apart from

答案与解析：D apart from意为“除……之外，此外”，既具有except，except for的含义，又具有in addition to，besides，as well as的含义。根据句意可判断出apart from意为“除……之外”，与except for的意思相同。except指从整体中除去部分。

3．We were all excited when we had a good ________ of the town from the top of the hill.

A．sight B．scene

C．view D．look

答案与解析：C view意为“风景”，多指在远处或高处展现在眼前的景色；sight尤指以人文景观或历史遗迹为主的可供游览的地方；scene指具体的、某处周围一时的景色，以大自然的景色为主；look指“样子、外表”。

4．—What do you think of Miss Evens' works?

—They have ________ our understanding of these difficult subjects.

A．contributed to B．attended to

C．devoted to D．look forward to

答案与解析：A contribute to意为“帮助”，本句中表示“帮助理解这些困难的问题”；attend to意为“注意”；devote to意为“贡献”；look forward to意为“期望”。

5．The supermarket ________ all spotted apples every evening.

A．refused B．rejected

C．denied D．handled

答案与解析：B reject意为“丢弃”，即丢弃所有的烂苹果。

6．The miners ________ in the severe accident are now being attended in the hospital.

A．injured B．being injured

C．to be injured D．injuring

答案与解析：A动词-ed形式做定语表示被动和完成意义。动词-ing形式的被动式表示正在发生的动作。不定式的被动式表示将要发生的动作。

7．—Which driver，do you think，________ for the accident?

—I'm not quite sure.

A．was to blame B．was going to blame

C．was to be blamed D．should blame

答案与解析：A be to blame表示“应该受到责备”。

8．Tom failed in the examination because he wasted a lot of time surfing the Internet and only then ________ that nothing was more valuable than time.

A．he realized B．he had realized

C．had he realized D．did he realize

答案与解析：D以only后接状语或状语从句开头的句子要进行倒装。

9．You can see programs broadcast by any station because television stations around the country are ________ by satellites.

A．linked B．combined

C．attached D．associated

答案与解析：A link意为“连接；联系”，表示“全国的电视台通过卫星联系在一起”。combine意为“(使)联合，(使)结合”；attach意为“使附属，使隶属”；associate意为“使联合”。

10．Taiyuan, a city in North China, was struck by a heavy snowfall last week, ________ serious traffic problems.

A．to face B．faced

C．facing D．having faced

答案：C

11．Mr Johnson is my best friend，whose ________ I like best in him is his cheerfulness.

A．habit B．manner

C．characteristic D．custom

答案与解析：C characteristic意为“特征；特点”，表示“他的愉悦气质是我最喜欢的特点”。habit意为“习惯，癖好”；manner意为“态度，样子，举止、习惯，风俗；惯例，常规”；custom意为“风俗；习俗”。

12．Yao Ming，the Houston Rockets' All-Star center，was once ________ a stress fracture(骨折) in his left foot that nearly ended his NBA season.

A．diagnosed with B．treated with

C．cured of D．discovered with

答案与解析：A be diagnosed with意思是“被诊断为……”。句意：姚明，休斯敦火箭队核心人物，曾被诊断出左脚患有应力性骨折，差点结束了他的NBA赛季。be treated with 和be cured of意思是“被治疗，被治愈”。

13．Having won a series of matches against Germans，Wang Hao and his partners，together with the coach，waved their hands excitedly to ________ the cheers of the crowd.

A．admit B．acknowledge

C．absorb D．consider

答案与解析：B句意：赢得了对德国队的几场比赛后，王浩和他的队友、教练兴奋地挥手对大家的欢呼表示感谢。acknowledge 在这里表示“就……表示感谢”。admit“承认”；absorb“吸收，使全神贯注”；consider“考虑”。

14．________exactly what I wanted，I didn't spend much time shopping.

A．To know B．Knowing

C．Knew D．Known

答案：B

15．I'm very ________ about expressing my opinions in public in case I may make mistakes.

A．cautious B．confused

C．delighted D．enthusiastic

答案与解析：A cautious“小心的，谨慎的”。句意：为了防止犯错误，我在公开场合下表达自己的观点时，非常谨慎。confused“困惑的”；delighted“高兴的”；enthusiastic“热情的”。

Ⅱ.完形填空

My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body.Through the years I would__1__ the correct answer.When I was young，I thought__2__ was very important to us as humans，so I said，“My ears，Mummy.” She said，“No.Many people are __3__.But you keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”

Several years passed before she asked me again.Since making my first __4__，I had often thought over the question.So this time I told her，“Mummy，it must be our eyes.” She looked at me and said，“You are __5__ fast，but the answer is not correct because there are many people who are blind.”

__6__ the years，Mother asked me a couple more __7__ and always her response to my answer was，“No，but you are getting __8__ every year，my child.” Then last year，my grandpa

__9__.Everyone was heartbroken.Everybody was crying.My mum looked at me when it was our __10__ to say our final goodbye to Grandpa.She asked me，“Do you know the most important body part yet，my dear？”

I was __11__ when she was asking me this now.I always thought this was a __12__ between her and me.She saw the __13__ on my face and told me，“This question is very important.It shows that you have really __14__ your life.”I saw her eyes well up with tears.She said，“My dear，the most important body part is your __15__.”I asked，“Is it because they hold up your head？” She replied，“No，it is __16__ on them a crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head.I only hope that you have enough __17__ and friends and that you will have a shoulder to cry __18__ when you need it.” Then and there I understood the most important body part is not a __19__ one.It is sympathetic to the pain of __20__.

1．A.notice B．believe in

C．doubt D．guess at

2．A.love B．health

C．sound D．sight

3．A.blind B．deaf

C．invisible D．thoughtful

4．A.discovery B．decision

C．attempt D．suggestion

5．A.learning B．thinking

C．growing D．changing

6．A.Before B．Till

C．Beyond D．Over

7．A.ways B．things

C．questions D．times

8．A.stronger B．taller

C．smarter D．nicer

9．A.left B．got ill

C．died D．got wounded

10．A.duty B．turn

C．pity D．chance

11．A.shocked B．satisfied

C．interested D．excited

12．A.game B．test

C．match D．secret

13．A.worry B．puzzlement

C．regret D．pain

14．A.enjoyed B．found

C．disliked D．lived

15．A.shoulders B．feet

C．hands D．hair

16．A.how B．because

C．why D．whether

17．A.respect B．favor

C．love D．fun

18．A.by B．on

C．above D．for

19．A.valuable B．useful

C．selfish D．precious

20．A.others B．the deaf

C．Grandpa D．the blind

答案与解析：

本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。母亲问“我”身体最重要的部位是什么。“我”给出了几个答案，母亲都说不正确。爷爷去世时，母亲给了“我”答案：身体最重要的部位是肩膀，因为每个人的一生中总有一些时候需要有个肩膀可以靠着哭泣。“我”最后明白了人身体最重要的部位应该是无私的，它承载着对别人痛苦的同情。

1．D此处表示“我”一直在揣测这个问题的正确答案。notice“注意到”；believe in“相信”；doubt“怀疑”；guess at“猜测”。故答案选D。

2．C从下文“My ears”可知答案。

3．B由句意可知，当“我”回答耳朵最重要时，母亲说很多人是聋子。

4．C由信息词“my first”以及上文内容可推知，这里表示自从“我”第一次尝试回答这个问题以来，“我”一直在思考这个问题。make a discovery“发现”；make a decision“决定”；make an attempt“尝试”；make a suggestion“提议”。依据句意可知，答案选C。

5．A由“but”可知，“我”虽然学得很快，但是回答得不正确。

6．D介词over表示在一段时间内。其他选项均无此意。

7．D由上文内容以及信息词“always”，可知，此处表示这些年来就这个问题母亲又问了“我”几次。此处容易误选C，依据文意，这里不是表示问更多的问题，而是表示就一个问题问了好几次。

8．C因为“我”每次回答都与以前不同，所以母亲说“我”一年比一年聪明了。句中的“but”是重要信息词。

9．C由下文“to say our final goodbye to Grandpa”可知“爷爷去世了”。

10．B It is one's turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事”。

11．A上文提到爷爷去世，母亲在这时还问“我”这个问题，所以“我”感到很吃惊。其他三个选项均不符合语境。

12．A在此之前，“我”一直以为这是“我”和母亲之间的一个游戏，没想到在这样的场合她又提出了这个问题。

13．B联系上下文语境可知，“我”的表情一定是很困惑(puzzlement)的。worry“担心”；regret“遗憾”；pain“疼痛”，均不符合句意。

14．D live a/one's...life意为“过着……的生活”。其他选项用在此处均不符合句意。

15．A由下文“hold up your head”可知，母亲认为人体最重要的部位是肩膀。

16．B依据上文“Is it because they hold up your head”可确定答案。

17．C由上文“a crying friend or a loved one”可知，此处用love。

18．B由上文“on them a crying friend or a loved one can rest his or her head”可知，此处应选on。

19．C由文章最后一句可知，此处应选C。selfish“自私的，不顾他人的”。

20．A此处表示它代表了对他人的痛苦的同情。这也是全文的主题。

Ⅲ.阅读理解

So long as teachers fail to distinguish (differ) between teaching and learning，they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves.Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them.It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”．

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes.They differ in kind and function.The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to plan cleverly the most efficient (有效的) system for teaching themselves to read.Teaching is also a public activity：It can be seen and observed.

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to understand the world of printed language.Almost all of it is private，for learning is an occupation of the mind，and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable，what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the long search for knowledge？Smith has one principle rule for all

teaching instructions.“Make learning to read easy，which means making reading a meaningful，enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are，and when both teacher and learner fulfill them properly，then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is got rid of.Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the chance to solve the problem of learning to read by learning.

1．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that________.

A．too much time is spent in teaching about reading

B．reading tasks are given with little guidance

C．it is one of the most difficult school courses

D．students spend limited hours in reading

答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“在阅读活动方面并不是时间无休止地投入”，也就是说“在阅读上花费的时间太多了”。故选A。

2．The teaching of reading will be successful if________.

A．teachers can make their teaching activities observable

B．teachers can teach their students how to read

C．teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

D．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

答案与解析：D细节理解题。通读“Almost all of it is private，for learning is an occupation of the mind，and that process is not open to public scrutiny”可知，private与not open to public scrutiny 同义，据此可推知答案为D。

3．The word “scrutiny” (Paragraph 3 ) most probably means “________”．

A．unbelief B．control

C．inquiry D．observation

答案与解析：D词义猜测题。由上题可知private与not open to public scrutiny 同义，由此可推知此题答案为D。

4．The main idea of the passage is that ________.

A．reading is more complicated than believable

B．reading ability is something gained rather than taught

C．teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

D．teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

答案与解析：B主旨大意题。文章第一段第二句为主旨句，由此可推知答案为B。

2017届高三英语基础训练9

基础训练（9） 一．单词拼写。（Book one Unit 5） 1．The best we can hope for is a state of ____________ (和平的) coexistence between East and West. 2.It is ___________ (不公平的)that he gets very little in ____________ (酬劳) for his hard work. 3. It is well-known that all men are ____________ (平等的) in the eyes of the law. 4.Bill Gates is a ____________ (大方的)person，who has given away millions of dollars to help many poor children. 5.He was involved in a bank robbery and was ____________ (判刑)to three years in prison. 6. It is ____________ (不合法) to read people’s private letters without permission. 7.I remembered the beatings and the ____________ (残忍) of the guards and my friends who had died. 8. The girl wrapped herself with a ___________(毯子) to keep herself warm. 9. The famous actress first appeared on the _________(舞台) only in her teens. 10.The two boys who were _________（打架）in the playground were ordered to stop. 11. My uncle received a doctor’s ___________(学位) of medicine in America in 1998 and returned to China the following year. 12. He obtained 89% of the _________（选票）and was elected president of the Party. 13. Nelson Mandela was put in __________（监狱）a few times. 14. People often value the _________ （质量）of a product rather than its packaging. 15. The _________（罪犯）was charged with robbing a bank and _______________（判刑）to death. 16. He offered ____________ (指导) to poor black people on their legal problem. 17. My father was promoted to a higher ___________（职位）for his achievements. 18. I stayed in Japan for only a short ___________ (一段时间) of time. 19. Those boys are so helpful that they are always _________(乐意的) to help others. 20. George Bush was elected ___________ (总统) of the USA a second time in 2004. 21. All my family are well _________(受教育的), of whom my brother studied in Harvard University. 22 Some students are very ________（活跃的）in answering teachers’ questions while others just keep silent when asked any question. 23. I _________（真诚地）hope that you won’t let me down. 24. To his ________（恐惧）, he found a figure coming towards him in the darkness. 25. What really worries those parents is that there is too much sex and ___________ （暴力）on TV. 26. The rain ___________(连续) falling all afternoon. But it came to a stop by dark. 27. PRC is short for the People’s _____________(共和国) of China.. 28 The _________(青年时期) play an important role in building our country. 29 I have been a ___________(同盟,联盟) member for 3 years. 30 Stick to your ____________（原则）and tell him that you won’t do it. 31.A tiger __________（逃跑）from its cage in the zoo last week.

2016届高考英语基础知识练习词汇辨析动词及其短语辨析的讲解与训练

动词及其短语辨析 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。 动词及其短语辨析 1) 动词及其短语辨析难点 其难点一般在于考查动词易混词辨析、同义词、近义词、系动词、及物动词与不及物动词的用法等。动词短语的辨析仍是重中之重, 主要考查动词与介词或副词的固定搭配, 如:与介词的搭配、与介词副词的搭配、特殊句型、习惯用法以及语境中的用法等。 ①动词和动词短语易混词辨析 动词易混词的辨析主要涉及形状相近的动词之间的辨义,意义相近的动词之间的辨义,动词与其它形状相近、意义相似的词的辨义,意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨义,某些常用动词短语的辨义等。具体有:a.形状相同的动词之间的辨义,如:lie, lay； hanged, hung； rise, raise； sit, seat等;b.意义相近的动词之间的辨义,如:borrow, lend； speak, say, talk；hope, wish等；c.动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义,如:advise, advice； cost, worth； pass, past 等；d.意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义,如:explain, say； discover, invent, uncover等；e.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义, 如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear, come, take, put, break, turn等； f.某些常用动词短语的辨义, 如:give in, give out, give away, give up; turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 ②动词的一词多义和动词短语的新义 考查动词的一词多义时,常考查考生易混淆的动词的含义,如:cover“包含；采访；(钱)够用”；count“有价值”；lay“摆放”；observe“庆祝”；promise“使可能”；put“表达”；say“写着”；see“为(某事)发生之时”；shelter“保护”；treat“招待”；work“起作用”等。 高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外, 更注重动词短语不易被 考生注意的新义, 如:agree with“与……一致”；break down“失败；垮了”；break up“放假；断交”；come up“被提出”；come to“涉及;苏醒；总共”; fit in“相处融洽”；get up“站起来”；keep back“扣下”；look into“浏览”；make out“理解”；pick up“学会”；put aside“留出”；take up“从事于”；turn out“出现”；wear out“磨损；筋疲力尽”等。 ③在语境中的动词及动词短语辨析 有些动词或动词短语放到具体痛的语境中,应该据情景有不同的理解。 考生在复习动词辨析时,对于考纲中一些意义较多的词语一定要引起重视,特别要注意它们那些不太常见的意思,防止高考考查“熟词生义”。对于动词短语的复习,考生需根据动词短语的不同特点,掌握其运用规律,并熟悉动词和不同介词或副词搭配、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的区别。 2) 动词及其短语辨析考点 ①从语法搭配、习惯用法上进行辨析

(完整word版)高考英语基础单词1500个

ability 能力 able 有能力的 about 大约 above 在……上面 abroad 出国 accept 接受 accident 意外事故 according to 根据 ache 疼痛 across 穿过 act 行动 action 行动 activity 活动 actor 男演员 actually 真的 add （增）加 address 地址 adult 成年人 advice 建议 afford 承担得起；买得起afraid 害怕；担心 after all 毕竟 afterward 之后 again 再一次 against 反对；对抗 age 年龄 agree 同意 ahead 向前 aid 帮助 aim 目标 air 空气 airline 航空公司 airport 飞机场 allow 允许 almost 几乎 alone 孤独的 along 沿着 aloud 大声地 already 已经 also 也 although 虽然 altogether 总共；一起 always 总是 among 在（三个以上）之间 angry 生气的 animal 动物 another 再一，又一 answer 回答 anxiety 焦虑 anxious 焦虑的 any 任何 apologize 道歉 apology 道歉 appear 出现 apply 申请appreciate 喜欢；欣赏；感激April 4月 area 地区 argue 争论 argument 争论 arm 胳膊 army 军队 around 在周围 arrive 到达 art 艺术 artist 艺术家 article 文章 as if = as though 仿佛，好像 as long as 只要 as soon as 一…就… ask 问 asleep 睡着的 at least 至少 at present 目前 at last 最后 attend 参加 attention 注意 attitude 态度 attract 吸引 audience 观众 author 作者 August 8月 aunt 姑；姨 autumn 秋季 average 平均的 avoid 避免 award 奖 aware 意识到 away 离开 baby 婴儿 back 回来；后背 bag 包 baggage 行李 bake 烘烤 ball 球 balloon 气球 banana 香蕉 bank 银行；河边 base 基础 basket 篮子 basketball 篮球 bath 洗澡 beach 海滩 beat 打 beautiful 美丽的 beauty 美丽 because 因为 become 成为 bed 床 bedroom 卧室 1

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