用合并句子法讲解定语从句

用合并句子法讲解定语从句

定语从句是高中英语教学中重要的语法部分，同时也是为下一步学好其他从句（名词性从句）打好基础。但在实际英语教学中，学生因为对英语句子成分没有清晰的概念，所以导致对定语从句知其然而不知其所以然。在教授定语从句时，应先从句子成分入手，使学生先了解什么是定语，然后在利用合并句子的方式解析定语从句是如何构成的，并引出引导词的使用方法。

一、什么是定语

句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当。

eg:

I bought an (expensive) computer. （形容词）

I met someone( funny) on my way to school. （形容词）（修饰不定代词的定语后置）

she is an( English) teacher. （名词）

I have a lot of work( to do). （不定式）

The book( written by Tom) is very popular now. （过去分词短语）

We can see the (rising) sun. （现在分词）= the sun is rising.

He is in the( reading) room. (动名词) = the room for reading

The boy (who broke the window)is Tom’s brother. （从句）

二、定语从句

两个术语：先行词，关系词

先行词：被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词

关系词（关系代词或关系副词）：连接先行词与定语从句的词。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等；关系副词有：when, where, why等；

1、关系词在定语从句中充当主语

先行词为人时

（1）两个单句为The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football.

（2）第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。

The boys（the boys are playing football）are from Class One.

(3) 括号中句子里的主语the boys, 和先行词是同一个词，应该用关系词替换从句中重复

的the boys. The boys 在从句中作主语，关系词中能作主语并代表人的是who, that The boys（who\that are playing football）are from Class One.

(4) who\that==the boys, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。

先行词为物时

（1）I found the letter. The letter came yesterday.

（2）I found The letter( the letter came yesterday).

（3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the letter, 关系词中能作主语并代表物的是which, that

I found The letter(which\that came yesterday).

（4）which\that==the letter, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。

2. 关系词在定语从句中充当宾语

先行词为人时

（1）The man is my friend. You met the man just now

（2）The man (you met the man just now) is my friend.

（3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the man, 关系词中能作宾语并代表人的是whom, that The man (whom\that you met just now) is my friend.

（4）whom\that==the man, 在定语从句中做宾语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。

做宾语的关系词whom\that 可以省略The man ( you met just now) is my friend.

先行词为物时

（1）This is the pen. He bought the pen yesterday.

（2）This is the pen (he bought the pen yesterday).

（3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the pen, 关系词中能作宾语并代表物的是which, that This is the pen (which\that he bought yesterday).

（4）which\that==the pen, 在定语从句中做宾语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。

做宾语的关系词which\that 可以省略This is the pen (he bought yesterday).

3. 关系词在定语从句中充当定语

(1) I helped the man. The man’s car was broken.

(2) I helped the man (the man’s car was broken).

(3) the man’s 是名词所有格，起到定语的作用修饰car, 用关系词替换从句中重复的the man, 关系词中能作定语，表示“谁的”是whose

I helped the man (whose car was broken).

(4) whose=the man’s, 在定语从句中做定语，并连接先行词和定语从句。

Whose不但可以表示“谁的”，还可以指物，表示“什么的”。例如：

I once lived in a house. The roof of the house has fallen in.

I once lived in a house (the roof of the house has fallen in).

I once lived in a house (whose roof has fallen in).

此句还可以改为：

I once lived in a house (the roof of which has fallen in).

4. 关系词在定语从句中充当状语时

时间状语

(1) I still remember the day. I first came to the school on the day.

(2) I still remember the day (I first came to the school on the day).

(3)重复的词是the day, on the day在从句中充当时间状语的成分，关系词中能作时间状语的词是when.

I still remember the day (when I first came to the school).

(4) when=on the day, 在定语从句中做时间状语，并连接先行词和定语从句。

地点状语

(1) The house has been pulled down. I lived in the house ten years ago.

(2) The house (I lived in the house ten years ago) has been pulled down.

(3)重复的词是the house, in the house在从句中做地点状语的成分，关系词中能作地点状语的词是where.

The house (where I lived ten years ago) has been pulled down.

(4) where=in the house, 在定语从句中做地点状语，并连接先行词和定语从句。

原因状语

(1) The reason is not clear. He refused the invitation for the reason.

(2) The reason (he refused the invitation for the reason ) is not clear.

(3)重复的词是the reason, for the reason 在从句中做原因状语的成分，关系词中能作原因状语的词是why.

The reason (why he refused the invitation) is not clear.

(4) why=for the reason, 在定语从句中做原因状语，并连接先行词和定语从句。

另外关系副词when, where, why 可以改为 ,介词+which, 介词取决于与先行词的搭配。 例如：

I still remember the day (when I first came to the school).

== I still remember the day (on which I first came to the school).

The house (where I lived ten years ago) has been pulled down.

==The house (in which I lived ten years ago) has been pulled down.

The reason (why he refused the invitation) is not clear.

==The reason (for which he refused the invitation) is not clear.

根据关系词在从句中所充当的成分，可总结如下：

从句缺主语who, that,

先行词是人

从句缺宾语whom, that, who,

从句缺定语whose

从句缺主语which, that

先行词是物 从句缺宾语which, that, 省略

从句缺定语w hose

指时间when

指地点 where

指原因 why

.She was talking with a lady. Her son was ill

2.You sent my sister a present. Thank you very much for it.

3.The clothes have been cleaned. I'm wearing them.

4.He is sitting in a chair.It is broken.

5.She is a person. Everyone likes to make friends with her.

2. He will always remember the years. He spent the years in the little village as

a child.

3.The clothes have been cleaned. I'm wearing them.

4.He is sitting in a chair. It is broken.

5. Everyone likes to make friends with her. She is a person.

6. Can you tell me the reason? You sold your new car for the reason.

7. That’s the hotel. We stayed there last year.

8. The bus was surrounded by an angry crow. Most of the bus was already full.

9. I’ll never forget the day. We worked together in London then.

10. You sent my sister a present. Thank you very much for it.

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1.The boys came from Class One.Who are playing football. 2.Mr. Liu likes football very much. I’m talking with Mr.Liu. 3.Li Ming came to school by bus. I want to ask him some questions. 4.The factory is very dirty.The factory makes pencils. 5.The man buys a pen. The pen writes well. 6.The film is boring. I went to see the film last night. 7.The book is well worth reading.The book is written by Tom. 8.The hat is nice. The color of the hat is red. 9.The coat is warm.The collar of the coat is big. 10.The ring shines brightly.The material of the ring is gold. 11.The man and the dog are waiting for the woman. The man and the dog like ice cream. 12.The persons and the things are too dirty. The persons and the things will be brought to Australia. 13.Michael goes to school everyday. The gate of the school is being rebuilt. 14.David went to hospital last night. The nurse of the hospital is gentle. 15.Tom and John climb up the mountain. The top of the mountain is too high. 16.Lily buy a car. The wheels of the are black. 17.Robert goes to the park . The statue of the park looks old. 18.I like the famous star. His nose is big. 19.I have a good friend. Her mother is a teacher. 20.Tom likes Lucy very much.Lucy’s schoolbag is nice. 21.I live in an old house. The window of the old house is small. 22.I read a book. The first page of the book is nice. 23.He borrows some apples. The skin of the apples are too dry. 24.The man leaves Fuzhou. I like the man very much. 25.The girl is beautiful. I follow the girl for a long time. 26.The doctor works hard.his wife invited him to the park.

合并句子学习定语从句

利用句子合并来学习定语从句 定语从句 两个术语：先行词，关系词 先行词：被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词 关系词（关系代词或关系副词）：连接先行词与定语从句的词。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等；关系副词有：when, where, why等； 1、关系词在定语从句中充当主语 先行词为人时 （1）两个单句为The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football. （2）第一句为主句，第二句为从句，将两个单句合并为一句。 The boys（the boys are playing football）are from Class One. (3) 括号中句子里的主语the boys, 和先行词是同一个词，应该用关系词替换从句中重复的the boys. The boys 在 从句中作主语，关系词中能作主语并代表人的是who, that The boys（who\that are playing football）are from Class One. (4) who\that==the boys, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。 先行词为物时 （1）I found the letter. The letter came yesterday. （2）I found The letter( the letter came yesterday). （3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the letter, 关系词中能作主语并代表物的是which, that I found The letter(which\that came yesterday). （4）which\that==the letter, 在定语从句中做主语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 关系词在定语从句中充当宾语 先行词为人时 （1）The man is my friend. You met the man just now （2）The man (you met the man just now) is my friend. （3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the man, 关系词中能作宾语并代表人的是whom, that The man (whom\that you met just now) is my friend. （4）whom\that==the man, 在定语从句中做宾语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。 做宾语的关系词whom\that 可以省略The man ( you met just now) is my friend. 先行词为物时 （1）This is the pen. He bought the pen yesterday. （2）This is the pen (he bought the pen yesterday). （3）用关系词替换从句中重复的the pen, 关系词中能作宾语并代表物的是which, that This is the pen (which\that he bought yesterday). （4）which\that==the pen, 在定语从句中做宾语的成分，并连接先行词和定语从句。 做宾语的关系词which\that 可以省略This is the pen (he bought yesterday). 3. 关系词在定语从句中充当定语 (1) I helped the man. The man’s car was broken. (2) I helped the man (the man’s car was broken). (3) the man’s 是名词所有格，起到定语的作用修饰car, 用关系词替换从句中重复的the man, 关系词中能作定语，表示“谁的”是whose

(完整版)简单定语从句练习题(可编辑修改word版)

简单定语从句练习题 I.把下列句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句 1.T he girl is not here. She is going to sing a song. . 2.The school is a big one. The school stands near the river. . 3.Have you answered the letter? You got the letter two weeks ago. . 4. He’ll meet his daughter. He hasn’t seen her for years. . 5.The house is very old. Its windows face south. . II.用关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose 填空： 1.The earthquake shook the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 2.We don’t know the num ber of people lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake. 3.The house they built in 1987 is still very new. 4.The house is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5.Luckily none of the people I know were killed. 6.The boy father is a teacher is very clever. 7.A clock is a machine tells people the time. 8. A fridge is a machine people use for keeping food fresh. 9.April 1 is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the west. 10.The house he is looking for is very expensive. III.单项填空 1.His parents wouldn’t l et him marry anybody family was poor. A. of whom B. of whose C. whose D. which 2.Is this factory we visited last Sunday? A. that B. which C. whose D. the one 3.That is our teaching building, are many trees. A.in front of that B. in front of which C. there D. in the front of which 4.Who was the gray- haired old man at yesterday’s meeting? A.we saw her B. we saw C. we saw whom D. she was seen 5.The woman my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A.who B. to whom C. to who D. whom 6.Jenny was her friend, she borrowed a book. A.from who B. from whom C. to whom D. to that 7.This book is for students native language is not English A.that B. of whom C. whose D. who’s 8.The place interests the children most is the Children’s Palace. A.what B. that C. where D. in which 9.That is the chair he often sits on. A.where B. which C. in which D. on which

把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句

定语从句 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。work in a company ____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. is an important element ___ we can not live. which which which which ’ve heard of Thomas Edison, ____ invented the electric light and many other things. is the room _____ he lived two years ago. which that which this the factory ___ the foreign engineers worked last year have bought two pens, ____ writes well. of them of them of which of which boy ___ the teacher praised at the class meeting was hardworking. got the first prize in the competition, ____ made us excited. still remember the year _____ he came to Shenzhen. A. where still remember the year _____ we spent together. A. where 把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句:

定语从句基础句+句子翻译

定语从句 1. I will never forget the day ___________ I joined the League. 2. September 18, 1931 is the day ___________ we’ll never forget. 3. I remember the day ___________ we first came to the college. 4. I remember the day ___________ I first met on. 5. This is the factory ___________ we visited last year. 6. Is this the factory ____________ your father works? 7. This is the best factory __________ I have visited all my life. 8. Is this the factory ___________ colour TV sets are produced ? 9. Who is the man __________ was there? 10. Who is the man ___________ you just shook hands with? 11. Do you know the man __________ we are talking to ? 12. The man __________ is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker. 13. That was the reason ________ Mac refused to speak at the meeting. 14. Do you know the reason ________ Mac was late for school. 15. That was the reason ________ Mac gave me the other day. 16. That was the reason ________Mac refused to speak for at the meeting. 17. Have you found the woman _________ purse was lost. 18. Where is the window _________ glass is broken? 19. The book, the cover __________ is broken, is not mine. 20. I don’t like the way ___________ you laugh at her. 13.This is the biggest lab ________we have ever built in our university. 14.Is oxygen the only gas __________helps fire burn? 16.This is the museum ___________we saw an exhibition the other day. 18.This is the museum ___________you saw the other day. 21.We often think of the days ____________we spent together on the island. 22.Have you ever been to Shanghai, ___________I left ten years ago? 23.He has left Beijing, _________a meeting is to be held. 24.This is the very place ___________I’m wishing to live in. 25.Is it in that factory___________”Red Flag”cars are made? 26.I have bought the same dress ___________she is wearing.

定语从句(附答案)

语法复习四：定语从句 （一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导 1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as 2、关系副词：when, where, why 关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。 e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语） The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语） 3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。 （二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。 e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整） 2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。 e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译） （三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题 1、that与which的区别。 1）用that而不用which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。 2）用which而不用that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词+ 关系代词。 e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。 This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。 3）as引导定语从句时的用法 ①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。 e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。 ②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。

定语从句练习(合并定语从句)

1.Mr. Smith is a teacher. He is very strict. 2.The girl is called Mary. I saw her yesterday. 3.There are two other sharks. They are fierce. 4.This is the factory. I visited it last year. 5.This is the most exciting moment. I will never forget it. 6.I have found such books. They are beneficial to us. 7.I bought the same dress. You wore the dress yesterday. 8.He is such a kind teacher. We all like him. 9.The house is Tom’s. Its door faces south. 10.The house is Tom’s. The door of the house faces south. 11.Workers built shelters for the survivors. Their homes had been destroyed. 12.Workers built shelters for the survivors. The homes of them had been destroyed. 13.Tom has a gold watch. Its hands are made of diamond. 14.He has two sons, and both of them are teachers. 15.There are many old buildings, and many of them have been pulled down. 16.There is a beautiful house, and in front of it sits a little girl. 17.He is a hero, and we are all proud of him. 18.We have no money. We buy food with money. 19.This is the book. I am interested in it. 20.This is the village. I visited last week. 21.This is the village. I was born in the village. 22.I will never forget the day. I spent it with you last summer.