2011年全国高考英语试题及答案-北京

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）

英语

本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，共7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?

A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.

答案是A。

1．What color T-shirt does the man plan to order?

A．Red. B．Blue. C．Green.

2．Which section does the man like to read?

A．News. B．Sports. C．Entertainment.

3．What job will the man probably take in summer?

A．Lifeguard. B．Tour guide. C．Swimming coach.

4．Where does the woman want to go on holiday?

A．Turkey. B．Canada. C．Italy.

5．What are the two speakers talking about?

A．Shark. B．Camera. C．Movie.

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）

听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6．What test are the speakers going to take on Friday?

A．Science. B．History. C．Music.

7．Why does the woman speaker make the phone call?

A．To discuss her maths problems.

B．To seek help with her English reading.

C．To ask about the homework for tomorrow.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8．What does the man think is the cause of the woman’s illness?

A．Last night’s dinner. B．The hot weather. C．Bottled water.

9．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A．Husband and wife. B．Doctor and patient. C．Guest and receptionist.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10．What is the man doing?

A．Making an invitation. B．Offering information. C．Asking for permission.

11．What time is the woman going to see the dentist this Saturday?

A．10:30 a.m. B．12:30 p.m. C．4:30 p.m.

12．What is the woman going to do after seeing the dentist?

A．Clean the house.

B．Take a walk by the lake.

C．Help Jim with his science project.

听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。

13．What makes shoppers tired?

A．Queuing for electrically-driven cars.

B．Looking for what they want to buy.

C．Carrying shopping around.

14．What is the problem for building moving walkways in the store?

A．The space. B．The redesign. C．The technology.

15．Where will the computer system send the things shoppers buy?

A．To the exit. B．To the shelf. C．To the shoppers’ homes.

第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）

听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词

．．．，听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。

Missing Person Report Form

Time last seen About 16 o’clock in the afternoon

Place last seen At the 17 section of the store

Name 18

Age Five

Appearance Dark 19 hair, thin and small

Clothing Blue 20 , a pink T-shirt, a hat

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’s so nice to hear from her again.,we last met more than thirty years ago.

A．What’s more B．That’s to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not

答案是D。

21．Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.

A．have conducted B．have been conducted

C．had conducted D．had been conducted

22．Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

A．Which B．What C．That D．Whom

23．Tom in the library every night over the last three months.

A．works B．worked C．have been working D．had been working

24．—I don’t really like Ja mes. Why did you invite him?

—Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.

A．must not B．need not C．would not D．might not

25．It’s important for the figures regularly.

A．to be updated B．to have been updated

C．to update D．to have updated

26．Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.

A．who B．which C．what D．that

27．—That must have been a long trip.

—Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.

A．takes B．has taken C．took D．was taking

28．—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be comple tely ruined.

—I wish they always late.

A．weren’t B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．wouldn’t have been 29．volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.

A．Since B．Once C．Unless D．While

30．Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.

A．studied B．would study C．had studied D．was studying

31．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.

A．what B．how C．that D．why

32．—Bob has gone to California.

—Oh, can you tell me when he ?

A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leave

33．Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet.

A．to keep B．keeping C．having kept D．to have kept

34．The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .

A．them B．those C．it D．that

35．With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken color.

A．by B．for C．with D．in

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And 36 otherwise assigned（指定）a seat by the teacher, I always 37 to sit at the back of the classroom.

All this 38 after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy 39 because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the40 to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “41 for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give it a try.

Getting up t he courage to go to the tryouts was only the 42 of it! When I first started 43 the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game, much 44 what I was doing. Sometimes I’d get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. 46 , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to 47 on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t 48 “just yet”.

I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive 50 in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and

made friends in the 51 — friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!

With my 52 self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “53 ”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, 54 raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself. 36．A．as B．until C．unless D．though

37．A．hoped B．agreed C．meant D．chose

38．A．continued B．changed C．settled D．started

39．A．idea B．plan C．belief D．saying

40．A．right B．chance C．ability D．patience

41．A．going B．looking C．cheering D．applying

42．A．point B．half C．rest D．basis

43．A．enjoying B．preparing C．attending D．watching

44．A．less B．later C．worse D．further

45．A．committed B．motivated C．embarrassed D．confused

46．A．Interestingly B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．hopefully

47．A．focus B．act C．rely D．try

48．A．want B．do C．support D．know

49．A．steps B．orders C．rules D．games

50．A．role B．part C．mind D．value

51．A．process B．operation C．movement D．situation

52．A．expressed B．improved C．preserved D．recognized

53．A．dreaming B．playing C．relaxing D．hiding

54．A．by B．for C．with D．to

55．A．lucky B．happy C．sure D．satisfied

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A 记叙文

“I Went Skydiving at 84!”空中跳伞As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time, I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community（社区）announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.

In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating George Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it. Inspired by this, I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.

On June 11, 2009, nearly 40 of my family and

friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute（降落伞）, then we just floated downward for about five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it.

Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen.

56．What happened to the author in 2001?

A．She flew an airplane

B．She entered a competition

C．She went on a hot air balloon ride

D．She moved into a retirement community 57．The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .

A．build up her own reputation

B．show her admiration for him

C．compare their health condition

D．make her argument persuasive 58．How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane?

A．Excited B．Scared

C．Nervous D．Regretful

59．What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?

A．The beautiful clouds

B．The wonderful view

C．The company of Jay

D．The one-minute free fall

B 应用文

Submission投稿Guidelines指导分针

Before sending us a manuscript（稿件）, look through recent issues（刊物）of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish. You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched深入調查過的, timely及时的and informative提供信息的articles on finance, home improvement 家居装饰, travel, humor, and many other fields.

The Post’s goal is to remain unique, with content (that provides additional understandings on the ever-evolving不断进化的American scene生活方式).

In addition to feature-length（专题长度的）articles, the Post buys anecdotes奇闻轶事, cartoons, and photos. Payment ranges from $25 to $400.

Our nonfiction 非小说类文学作品needs include how-to指南,介绍基本知识的useful articles on gardening, pet care and training, financial planning, and subjects of interest to a 45-plus, home-loving readership. For nonfiction articles, indicate注明，表明any special qualifications资格you have for writing about the

subject, especially scientific material. Include one or two published pieces with your article. We prefer typed articles between 1,000 and 2,000 words in length. We encourage you to send both printed and online versions.

We also welcome new fiction. A light娱乐性的；消遣性的；轻松的, humorous touch is appreciated. We are always in need of straight简单明了的humor articles. Make us laugh, and we’ll buy it.

Feature articles专题文章average about 1,000 to 2,000 words. We like positive, fresh angles to Post articles, and we ask that they be thoroughly researched.

We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks. You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.

Please submit all articles to Features Editor, The Saturday Evening Post, 1100 Waterway Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202,（317）634-1100. 60．Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor投稿人is advised to .

A．get a better understanding of American

issues

B．find out the range of the articles in the post C．increase his knowledge in many fields

D．broaden his research focus

61．To submit nonfiction articles，a contributor must_____.

A．provide his special qualification B．be a regular reader of the post

C．produce printed versions D．be over 45 years old

62．From the passage we can learn that the Post ______.

A．allows article submissions within six weeks B．favors science articles within 2，000 words C．have a huge demand for humorous works

D．prefers nonfiction to fiction articles

C 说明文

Students and Technology in the Classroom

I love my Blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thought. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times

when I need to move away from these devices（设备）and truly communicate with others.

On occasion有时，间或, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom. I have a rule —no laptops, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.

Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to理解my students.

The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for

too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course the material and the class discussion.

I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluation reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level 在某种程度that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.

I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change. I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.

63．Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____

A．the course material

B．others’ misuse of technology

C．discussion topics

D．the author’s class regulations

64．The underlined word “engage ”in Para.4 probably means ____.

A．explore B．accept

C．change D．reject

65．According to the author ,the use of technology in the classroom may ____.

A．keep students from doing independent thinking

B．encourage students to have in-depth conversations

C．help students to better understand complex themes

D．affect student s’ concentration on course evaluation

66．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____

A．is quite stubborn

B．will give up teaching history

C．will change his teaching plan soon D．values technology-free dialogues in his class

D 议论文

观点：As the railroads and the highways shaped 形成the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission （输送）system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. 不论好坏Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical物质的effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants发电厂and the power lines 高压输电线that will be laid down放下；建造to move electricity around.

论据：The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental横贯大陆的；洲际的railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate 洲际的highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up跳起来as railway stops and

developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.

论据：Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly非常；严重地, and to really take advantage of it /we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily便利快捷than we can now.

解决措施：So trade-offs折衷方案will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species（物种）will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck达成一致to reduce the immediate effects.

忧患：The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off脱掉；浪费a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind留下, just like the railroads and the highways.

结论：The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate立即的；目前的footprint占用的空间of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.

67．What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?

A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned .

B．Some railroad stops remained underused.

C．Land in the West was hard to manage.

D．Land grants went into private hands. 68．What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs ?

A．The transmission of power.

B．The use of money and power.

C．The conservation of solar energy.

D．The selection of an ideal place. 69．What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants?

A．Cautious B．Approving C．Doubtful D．Disapproving

70．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How the Railways Have Affected the West B．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West C．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced

D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处得最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Public Speaking and Critical Thinking

What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic（逻辑）—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.

In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thanking.

72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal at time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical（机械的）exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have 73

What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.

If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many

circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.

A．Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.

B．This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.

C．It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.

D．It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.

E．If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.

F．The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways

G．As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking ,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节情景作文（20分）

假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华。下面四幅图表述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，次数不少于60。

第二节开放作文（15分）

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50.

In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.

（请务必将开放作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

2015年北京高考英语试题及答案

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