上海交通大学第二学期英语讲义详解版答案key to Exercise Six

Key to Exercise Six

Section 1. Compound Dictation

It?s a workout with two goals, (1)mean green students are doing their bodies and the (2)environment a favor when they hop on these machines.

workout: experimental device; hop: jump; hop on: deal with

“When you talk about energy, you think about like the (3)windmill and there the water and other things producing energy, not yourself, working out.”

These 36 elliptical machines have been fitted with a device that (4)captures the kinetic energy they produced and (5)converts it into electricity.

elliptical: rounded like an egg 椭圆的kinetic energy 动能（物理）

“That energy that they produce is usually just heat that (6)escape s into the building, it is then turned into electricity, that?s used right here in the Rec (Recreational) Center, to power the lights, to power everything.”

escapes:（语法）主谓一致

As students rev up, this monitor shows how much clean (7)carbon-free electricity is being produced. Stuart Birdseye works at the Rec Center and says more (8)resistance means more energy.

resistance 阻力

“(9)The students center/ using the equipment/ don?t have to do/ anything different.”

“And the developers claim that (10)a typical 30 minute workout /create enough electricity/ to power a laptop for an hour,/ or charge a cellphone up to 6 times.”

“On how much money we are saving the school basically, it?s gonna need to think about that way.”“We haven?t had a long enough to see the impact on cost.”

UNT (University of North Texas) spent nearly 20,000 dollars to outfit these ellipticals, the cost these machines may never pay back. But the school said (11) it?s more than/ the dollars they save,/ as students give just a little back,/ one workout at a time.

注：积累环保主题相关词汇

Section 2 Note-taking

1.to engage children in the learning process

2.allows them to learn individually

3.preparing today?s children to become 21st century leaders.

4.developing inquiring minds and personal qualities

5.Around the World in a Day

6.similarities among different cultures.

7.representing 51 nationalities participated

8.in the form they prefer

9.to facilitate the learning in their classroom, to enable those students to discover for themselves

10.the curriculum makes the classroom more exciting.

facilitate: help; make easy facility n. 设施；设备；容易；灵巧

Script

Innovative Approach Individualizes Learning

Alison Kerr is a second grade teacher in the British American School of Los Angeles, one of a few American private schools that teaches the International Primary Curriculum. She says the main goal of the curriculum is to engage children in the learning process. This term, for example, her class is learning about historical figures.

“I got the children to come in secret and dress up with several clues of a famous person. They had to research and bring us 10 written clues and the rest of the class had to guess who these significant people were,” says Kerr. “So the children do not simply do the same thing, the same work, sheet type of format every single time.”

One size does not fit all educations these days, says educator Martin Skelton, who co-authored the IPC eight years ago, he says for kids to learn and succeed, they need a program that allows them to learn individually.

“Our view is the teachers should really be thinking about their kids in their class and why they are not learning and trying to work out what they are going to be doing tomorrow to help individual kids learn much better.” Another important goal, Skelton says, is preparing today’s children to become 21st century leaders. “Most of world problems are going to be solved internationally now. I mean no single country is going to solve the environment or terrorism. It?s a multi co-operational activity.”

To make that possible, he says, the curriculum focuses on developing inquiring minds and personal qualities so children become good citizens of the world.

“We have very specific activities built in the curriculum around the development of international mindedness right from the age five onwards. We encourage the kids to mingle with schools in other countries and then of course things like skype now make that fantastically easy to do.”

“We did have a big fair ‘Around the World in a Day’. We had 51 nationalities represented. We had parents and they put together a wonderful exhibition.”Emma Northey is head of Primary Learning at the British School in Boston. She describes one activity designed to teach kids about similarities among different cultures.

“The children were each given a passport. They basically knew that they were going around the world in a day and we said to them, …You have to come back with two similarities that you had seen between the different cultures. Even the three year olds came back to me saying, …Gosh, you know everybody writes. Some people write going down. Some people write from left to right, some from right to left.?”

Kate Foy of the British School in Washington D.C. says the children have to live the learning experience and deliver their findings in the form they prefer, such as an oral presentation, an art form, or in writing. The teacher?s role has also changed.

“The t eacher’s role is to facilitate the learning in their classroom, to enable those students to discover for themselves. And you kind of have to sit back a little bit, you know. You have to make sure you?re asking the right questions. You maneuver yourself around the classroom and enable the children to learn as opposed to telling them and kind of spoon feeding them. It?s absolutely no question. There?s no way. There is no room for spoon feeding when it comes to the IPC.”

IPC?s co-author Martin Skelton says the feedback so far is encouraging. Students and teachers say the curriculum makes the classroom more exciting.

Section 3. Short Answer Questions:

90% of us consider stress an inevitable part of our lives but it doesn?t have to be that way. We all know what it feels to be like under stress. Yet most of us don?t know why we experience such condition. Let us look how stress works. Doctors call about this body reaction to stressful events, general adaptation syndrome(普通适应综合症). During tense times, our bodies release adrenaline(肾上腺素) and corticosteroids(皮质类固醇). This reaction, (1) the Fight or Flight Response was designed to help man defend himself. The Fight or Flight Response is healthy in small doses. Unfortunately, exposure to continuous stressors压力因素like traffic jams or piles of work causes many of us to remain in this heightened state for hours or even days. The result of this constant attention includes both short term effects like tense muscles and rapid heart rate. And, (2) long term ones like high blood pressure, a weakened immune system and depression.The good news is we have got ten tips that can help.

Let us start with diet. Research has shown that B-Complex and C Vitamins and the minerals, Magnesium(镁) and Zinc(锌) can help to ease stress symptoms. Vitamin C and Magnesium lowers stress levels because they help the brain produce Serotonin(血清素), a hormone that regulates mood. Zinc and Vitamin B-Complex fight free radicals (基), a term that refers to toxins(毒素) found in the air and the harmful by-products of digestion. (3) Fresh vegetables, fruits, almonds, fish and whole grains contain these essential vitamins and minerals and are great stress fasting foods.You can also combat stress with a supplement. St. John?s Wort is an herb that inhibits stress hormones and increases Serotonin levels in the brain.

Your approach can help too. Remembering that tension is a natural part of life can help curb your response to it. Take a minute to remind yourself that these two shall pass. Sometimes a gentle touch or acupressure (指压按摩) can relieve stress. One point, lieu (替代) one is priced for easing emotional stress and tense breathing. Find lieu one by sitting in a comfortable chair with your backs straight. Use your thumbs to press outside of your upper chest, just below your first rib. Maintain pressure for one minute. (4) Another effective way to end your stress response is with simple meditation. For best results, set aside 10-20 minutes for calmer reflection.

meditation n. 冥想，沉思reflection n. 反思

If you prefer more formal approach, try this Yoga meditation technique. Sit quietly with eyes close. Pick a short phrase or word that calms you like “uhm” or “peace”. Repeat the word as you clear your mind and relax your muscles. When meditating, always remember to breathe. (5)Deep relaxing breaths in and out through the nose help relieve stress. Even without meditation, just

five minutes of deep breathing can be quite beneficial. And finally if you are feeling stressed, take a time out to do something you enjoy, your body and mind will thank you. Stress is no fun but with the little know-how, you can control your response to it, ensuring the calmer, happier you. Topic: effective way dealing with stress, 了解一下医学化学词汇，无需记住，但与diet，nutrition 有关的词需要积累，例如B-Complex and C Vitamins and the minerals, Magnesium(镁) and Zinc(锌)

Section 4: Listening and Translating

1.After marriage money matters can be a cause of disagreements, although the poll showed

arguments over household budgets, spending on the children and everyday purchases have declined since last year. More men than women take credit for paying credit cards, property and school taxes and for filing income taxes, according to the poll, but 70 percent of women said they managed the household budgets.

file v. 提交（文件）

结婚以后钱财问题可能会导致分歧，不过民意调查显示，自去年来有关家庭预算、孩子花销、日常开支的争吵已有所减少。男性会更多地/承担偿付信用卡、上缴财产税和/教育税以及申报所得税等责任，/但也有70%的女性称她们是家里的管账人。

2.Microsoft CEO Steve Bomer on Monday unveiled the new Surface powered by the Windows

8 operating system. One version of the device which will be outlined in the next few months

has the similar weight and thickness to Apple?s iPad, but a slightly bigger screen of 27 centimeters.

微软首席执行官Steve Bormer周一推出（揭幕）新的Surface 平板电脑，该电脑配置Windows 8操作系统。几个月后发布的/这种平板电脑的其中一个版本/具有与苹果公司的iPad 类似的重量和厚度，/但是显示屏要更大一些，为27 厘米。

3.But in today?s world of spectacular theme parks大型主题公园and dazzling晕眩的

electronic diversions, curators(馆长) at smaller museums around the country found that busy travelers - especially those with kids - were not coming the way they used to. Looking at pictures of, or by, long-dead artists or cultural pioneers just wasn?t entertaining. They needed to make history and art come to life, to somehow transport visitors to time periods or experiences being displayed. So a whole new kind of museum was born - the “living history”

museum.

他们需要让历史和艺术重焕新生，/以某种方式将游客传送到所展示的那段时期或经历中去。/所以一种全新的博物馆/—“活历史”博物馆应运而生。

4.The Mars? Science Laboratory, also known as Curiosity好奇号（火星探测器）is set to land

on the red planet in August. The MA VEN spacecraft that would study the Martian atmosphere could march as early as next year. There?s no doubt that Humans will go to Mars, too.

Coleman says: “It?s not going to be as soon as any of us would like. But we are not a patient

people. Not here in the U.S, and not around the world, people are destined to explore. And we live in the universe. Mars is the next logic choice technically. And we?ll be there when we?re ready.”

We are not a patient people. / We are so eager to do it now.

are destined to：注定/必须要做must to do ；destination 命运

（人类登上火星）将不会像我们每个人希望的那样快，但是我们都迫不及待/，不管是在美国还是整个世界，人们注定是要进行探索的。/我们居住在宇宙里，而火星是在技术上可行的我们的下一个（人类登陆的）选择。/只要我们准备好了，我们就将登陆火星。

5.The ad war over Romney?s business record and demands that he releases more of his tax

returns have kept the presumptive republican nominee on the defensive. Romney, in turn, is trying to refocus the debate on the Obama economic record /which poll shows is a weakness for the President. “His priority is not creating jobs for you. /His priority is trying to keep his own job. And that?s why he?s got to lose it.”

presumptive 可推测的，预计的republican nominee 共和党（竞选）提名者on the defensive 处于防御状态

罗姆尼正在转移焦点，试图对奥巴马的经济成果进行辩论，/民调显示这正是奥巴马的一大弱点。/（罗姆尼说：）“奥巴马最优先关注的并不是给大家创造就业机会，/而是试图保住他的总统位子，这就是他要下台的原因。”

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2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit11

Unit 11 Cyber World I. New words and expressions New words 1. chatline n. （消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2. variety n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 vary vary from…to… 比较：range / shift from…to… various 3. romance n. 恋爱；爱情 romantic 4. bizarre adj. 极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5. potential adj. 潜在的；可能的 6. script n. 剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7. intimacy n . 亲密；关系密切 intimate 8. initial adj. 最初的；开始的 9. perceive v. 将…视为；认为 10. avalanche n. 雪崩；山崩 11. literary adj. 文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary

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A soldier,a communist Party of China,a JavaDevelopment Engineer,anda student,it’sme,my name is Zhang Kaiming.fromhunanprovince.When I retired fromthe army,I faced two difficult choices,going towork directly or continuing further education.I love academic learning and researching.And I have ever got Shanghai scholarship.But without learning for more than two years made melose the confidence tostart from the beginning.Ientered a technology company engaged in development until the appearance of the Enrollment Project for Master Degree Candidates of College Veterans.I decided to bet with my own life and give it a try.This is the reason why I am here.My Alma mater is University ofShanghai for Science and Technology where campus environment is very beautiful.It’salso the place where my dream starts.My major in undergraduate period is the Electronic Information Science and Technology---It’s a subject covering hardware and software knowledge. .Shanghai Jiao Tong University is a place where many students dreamof.therehas long history,profoundculture,strong learning atmosphere and the talents professors.Oncesome onetold me a joke.She said she had ever taken the postgraduate examination.When she thought about whether she should go to Shanghai Jiao Tong university or FudanUniversity,the result is that she thought too much,Becauseshe failed the exam.But now I want to tell her,it not a joke.We should have dreams,What if it will be true?

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Unit11CyberWorld I.Newwordsandexpressions Newwords 1.chatlinen.（消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务 2.variety?n.（同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样 varyvaryfrom…to… 比较：range/shiftfrom…to… various 3.romance?n.恋爱；爱情 romantic https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4239419.html,arreadj.极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的 5.potentialadj.潜在的；可能的 6.scriptn.剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿 7.intimacy?n.亲密；关系密切 intimate 8.initialadj.最初的；开始的 9.perceivev.将…视为；认为 10.avalanchen.雪崩；山崩 11.literary?adj.文学的；文学上的 literature literal literary literate liberal

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上海交通大学教师专业技术职务聘任实施办法 第一章总则 第一条为建设世界一流师资队伍，培养和造就具有国际竞争力的学术骨干和学科带头人，促进创新型人才培养，推动国际前沿的原创性科学研究，建设能对接国家战略需求的科研大团队，特制定本办法。 第二条按照“总量控制、按需设岗、公开招聘、平等竞争、择优聘任、岗位管理”的原则实行教师职务聘任制度，吸引和遴选海内外优秀人才不断加入师资队伍，增强师资队伍的整体实力。 第三条教师职务聘任坚持分类指导、分类管理的原则。依照学科（专业）划分，分别按理工科、人文社科两类制定实施细则。依照岗位类型划分，分别设置教案为主型岗位、教案科研并重型岗位和科研为主型岗位。 第四条教案为主型主要是在长期承担全校性公共课及量大 面广的专业基础课教案岗位中设置；教案科研并重型要求同时承担高质量课程教案和高水平科学研究工作，主要在具有国际竞争力的学术骨干岗位中设置；科研为主型主要在从事科学研究工作

（含基础科学研究、应用科学研究）的岗位中设置，并根据岗位的特性和实际需求，在应用科学研究中增设国防科研攻关、成果转化及推广、科研大团队和工程技术四类系列。根据不同岗位类型分别制定不同的岗位资格条件。 第五条教案为主型岗位和教案科研并重型岗位职务分为教授、副教授、讲师和助教四个等级；科研为主型岗位职务分为研究员、副研究员、助理研究员和研究实习员四个等级。 第六条教师职务申请者，其学术水平“应达到所在学科相应职务中上水平”。 第七条聘任教师岗位者，须具备以下条件： 1、热爱教育事业，遵守国家法律、法规和学校规章制度，有良好的职业道德、敬业精神和团结、协作精神，服从聘用单位安排，认真履行岗位职责。 2、具备《中华人民共和国教师法》和《教师资格条例》所规定的要求。 3、满足岗位所需的专业、能力、技能条件和身心健康要求。 4、新教师须在学校规定的时间范围内完成上岗培训内容，获得教师资格证书。

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上海交通大学大学英语（一） 题目1 My father is leaving ______Shanghai tomorrow. 选择一项： a. to b. In c. Into d. For 题目2 Excuse me for breaking in, _______I have some news for you. 选择一项： a. yet b. so c. but d. and 题目3 ____ girl dressed _____ black is her sister Rose． 选择一项： a. The; in b. The; on c. A; on d. A; in 题目4 There’s lots of fruit_________ the tree. Our little cat is also in the tree.选择一项： a. on b. at c. in

d. under 题目5 The people in this city have planted ________ trees along both sides of the streets. 选择一项： a. a lot of b. a large amount of c. much d. a great deal of 题目6 They all go outing on such a warm spring day ______ Mark. He is busy with his lessons now. 选择一项： a. except b. beside c. besides d. except for 题目7 I'll have a cup of coffee and _____. 选择一项： a. two breads b. two pieces of breads c. two piece of breads d. two pieces of bread 题目8 The baby is hungry，but there's ____ milk in the bottle． 选择一项： a. few b. a few c. a little

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基础阅读 长难句分析 1主谓宾 I love online shopping. 2主系表 Online shopping is stimulating. 3主谓 Love hurts. 4主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 Online shopping will bring you a lot of fun. 5主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 We elected Peter our chairman. 长难句划分方法 A找动词，划分谓语动词，非谓语动词 B为主句，从句分配谓语 C分析主句里谓语的主语，宾语，定语，状语等成分D按C步骤里提及的顺序分析从句 ＊非谓语动词 1）一个英文句子，从句只能有一个谓语动词 2）但并不妨碍这些句子有多个动词 3）没当上谓语动词的动词，被安排为非谓语 4）非谓语常见三种形式 to+V原形

to+V现在分词 to+V过去分词 Ericsson grew up in Sweden,and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. 简单句 简单句只有一个句子，句子里没有从句。 例1：As a result of all these factors,governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect. 例2:The decision（of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director）has been the talk（of the classical-music world）ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in2009. 例3:An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. 例4:After six months of arguing and final16hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients（who wish to die）. 并列句 A1+A2 Keep your eyes and ears open,and use your own judgement.

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英语专业全国学校排名

39 鲁东大学 A 78 黑龙江大学 A B+等(175个)：西南林学院、浙江万里学院、石家庄学院、韩山师范学院、国际关系学院、浙江海洋学院、云南大学、大庆师范学院、湖南科技大学、西安交通大学、广东工业大学、怀化学院、北华大学、同济大学、湖南人文科技学院、华北电力大学、江南大学、北京科技大学、内江师范学院、广西大学、商丘师范学院、南京航空航天大学、扬州大学、长江大学、广西师范学院、阜阳师范学院、渭南师范学院、海南大学、温州大学、赣南师范学院、台州学院、东北林业大学、湛江师范学院、中国农业大学、沈阳师范大学、中南民族大学、上海电力学院、淮北煤炭师范学院、黑河学院、佳木斯大学、河北建筑工程学院、青岛大学、泉州师范学院、湖南理工学院、青海师范大学、湖北工业大学、江西财经大学、海南师范大学、玉林师范学院、河南农业大学、电子科技大学、安阳师范学院、安徽财经大学、西藏民族学院、长春师范学院、广东商学院、宜宾学院、哈尔滨学院、韶关学院、南通大学、中国地质大学、沈阳大学、天水师范学院、杭州师范大学、华中农业大学、北京交通大学、乐山师范学院、黔南民族师范学院、河南工业大学、北京联合大学、长江师范学院、嘉应学院、济南大学、重庆文理学院、临沂师范学院、山东农业大学、北京邮电大学、浙江财经学院、川北医学院、内蒙古大学、华东交通大学、福建工程学院、邵阳学院、广东金融学院、遵义师范学院、肇庆学院、曲靖师范学院、盐城师范学院、河北科技师范学院、衡阳师范学院、青岛农业大学、河北科技大学、长沙学院、河北经贸大学、长治学院、绥化学院、白城师范学院、巢湖学院、西北第二民族学院、攀枝花学院、浙江理工大学、大理学院、江苏大学、对外经济贸易大学、成都信息工程学院、安徽科技学院、广西民族大学、郑州航空工业管理学院、四川理工学院、中国民航大学、咸宁学院、许昌学院、哈尔滨工业大学、重庆交通大学、湖南农业大学、孝感学院、陕西理工学院、东华大学、黄冈师范学院、湖北民族学院、浙江中医药大学、湘南学院、茂名学院、咸阳师范学院、江苏工业学院、武汉理工大学、安徽农业大学、苏州科技学院、宝鸡文理学院、内蒙古工业大学、中国计量学院、南华大学、哈尔滨商业大学、内蒙古民族大学、山东财政学院、泰山学院、湖北师范学院、河池学院、西华师范大学、河西学院、佛山科学技术学院、广东海洋大学、上海财经大学、云南农业大学、西安科技大学、江西科技师范学院、南京工业大学、华南热带农业大学、晋中学院、西华大学、桂林电子科技大学、吉林化工学院、红河学院、洛阳师范学院、延边大学、陇东学院、福建农林大学、河北工业大学、大连工业大学、邢台学院、江汉大学、山东理工大学、西南民族大学、贵州民族学院、武汉科技大学、山西师范大学、首都经济贸易大学、华东政法大学、东华理工大学、山东经济学院、潍坊学院、山东体育学院、安徽工程科技学院、成都理工大学、仲恺农业技术学院 B等(175个)：淮南师范学院、南阳师范学院、吉首大学、西昌学院、河南财经学院、唐山师范学院、运城学院、黑龙江科技学院、山西财经大学、山东工商学院、喀什师范学院、集美大学、烟台大学、天津大学、天津科技大学、郑州轻工业学院、河北理工大学、长春工业大学、安徽工业大学、襄樊学院、呼伦贝尔学院、大连民族学院、安徽理工大学、河南中医学院、宜春学院、沈阳理工大学、唐山学院、龙岩学院、湖南商学院、贵州师范大学、昆明理工大学、成都学院、齐齐哈尔大学、楚雄师范学院、北京物资学院、中南林业科技大学、大连海事大学、长春理工大学、贵阳医学院、云南民族大学、铜陵学院、廊坊师范学院、西南政法大学、山东建筑大学、江西理工大学、淮阴工学院、榆林学院、大连大学、湖州师范学院、重庆邮电大学、长春大学、广东技术师范学院、西安文理学院、黄山学院、辽宁工业大学、太原理工大学、中北大学、湖南文理学院、成都体育学院、长沙理工大学、伊犁师范学院、云南财经大学、天津工程师范学院、五邑大学、华北煤炭医学院、河南科技学院、汕头大学、淮海工学院、河南科技大学、华北水利水电学院、西安财经学院、山东科技大学、三明学院、衡水学院、周口师范学院、南京中医药大学、邯郸学院、中央民族大学、武汉科技学院、桂林工学院、西南财经大学、南阳理工学院、重庆工学院、上海海事大学、大连交通大学、黄淮学院、西北民族大学、北京林业大学、中国药科大学、西南石油大学、河南理工大学、丽水学院、皖西学院、德州学院、南京信息工程大学、江西农业大学、常州工学院、北京体育大学、滨州医学院、天津工业大学、南京晓庄学院、大连水产学院、北京机械工业学院、西安石油大学、东北电力大学、浙江林学院、忻州师范学院、长春税务学院、北京印刷学院、江苏技术师范学院、广东医学院、西北农林科技大学、甘肃政法学院、南京财经大学、贵阳学院、合肥学院、滨州学院、嘉兴学院、闽江学院、中国政法大学、石河子大学、中华女子学院、沈阳工业大学、厦