英语数词的用法及专项练习
英语数词的用法及专项练习
数词是表示数量多少或顺序先后的词.分为基数词和序数词.
（一）基数词
1. 表示数量多少的词是基数词，如：one, two, three等.
2. 数词的构成
1）从1－12分别由从one到twelve，12个各不相同的词表示.
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
2）从13－19均以后缀-teen结尾.
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
3）从20－90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾.表示“几十几”时，个位和十位之间需加连字符. twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
21 twenty-one 32 thirty-two 43 forty-three
4）整百数由1—9加hundred构成.
100 one (a) hundred 500 five hundred
5) 整百数和整十数之间由and连接，十位与个位之间要加连字符“-
”.如果十位数为零，那就在百位和个位之间用and连接.
101 one hundred and two 245 two hundred and forty- five
6）千 thousand 百万 million 十亿 billion
Exercise:
写出下列数字
12 14 20
40 90 19
400 600
35 78
305 678
2、序数词
序数词表示排列顺序，如first, second, third等.
构成规则：
1) 序数词第一、第二和第三为first, second和third,其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加th.例如：
six → sixth seven → seventh ten → tenth four → fourth
2) fifth(第五)、 eigth (第八)、 ninth (第九)和twelfth (第十二)在拼法上有变化.
first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
3) 二十、三十等基数词变为序数词时,要把y变成ie再加-th.例如：
twenty→twentieth forty→fortieth
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth
4) 基数词几十几变成序数词时,表示几十的数词不变,只把表示几的基数词变成序数词.例如：twenty-one → twenty-first forty-five → forty-fifth
5）.序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成.例如：
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th
6) 序数词前必须加定冠词the
The first time I came to China, I liked it very much.
我第一次来中国，我就非常喜欢这个国家.
The first is always better than the second.第一总是比第二好.
She will choose the third. 她将选择第三.
Exercise:
把下列基数词改成序数词.
one two three
five nine eight
fourteen twenty
thirty-five
3. 数词的应用
1）时刻的表示法
A、表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的o'clock
5:00 读作 five o'clock 或 five
B、半点的表示法
表示半点钟时，用“钟点数+ thirty”或“half+ past +钟点数”表示
2: 30 two thirty / half past two
8:30 eighty thirty / half past eighty
C、“几点几分”的表示法
（1）用“钟点数+分钟数”表示
7：10 seven ten 9：40 nine forty
（2）分钟数在30分钟以内的，用“分钟数+ past +钟点数”表示，意为“几点过几分“
7：10 ten past seven 10:15 fifteen past ten / a quarter past ten
（3）分钟数超过30分钟的，用“（60-分钟数）+ to +下一个钟点数”表示，意为“差几分到几点”10:40 twenty to eleven 2 : 45 fifteen to three / a quarter to three
Exercise: 用英语表示下列时间
10: 05 8: 30
12:10 1:15
5:47 9:23
3:51 11:49
6:00 7:22
2) 编号的表示法
编号既可以用序数词,也可用基数词.
the tenth lesson Lesson Ten 第十课
the fiftieth page page 50第五十页
有的编号习惯上常用基数词.例如：
Room 321(读作three two one) 321号房间
Tel.No.4013586(读作Telephone number four 0 one three five eight six)
电话号码4013586
3）年、月、日的表示法
英语中表示日期的顺序通常为月日年或日月年.
1、月、日的表示法
“月”用英语中表示月份的名词，“日”用基数词或序数词表示都可以. 7月8日 July 8(July eight) / July 8th ( July the eighth)
10月1日 October 1 ( October one) / October 1st ( October the first)
2、年的表示法
1983→nineteen eighty-three1700→seventeen hundred
1870→eighteen seventy2008→two thousand and eight
1601→sixteen and one或sixteen hundred and one
965→nine sixty-five
3、年、月、日的表示法
1986年9月1日 September 1st, 1986 / 1st September, 1986
2011年8月8日 August 8, 2011 / 8th August, 2011
Exercise:
用英语表示下列日期
11月1号 2月10号
5月22号 9月17号
10月3号 12月19号
四、课堂练习
1）根据括号中的数字填写合适的序数词或基数词（写单词）.
1、Bill is （14）years old , he is in Class （2）Grade （6）.
2、My birthday is on the （3）of March .
3、September is the （9）month in a year .
4、Which boy is thinner , the （1）one or the （2）one ?
5、There are （55）students in our class .
2）单项选择
( )1．There are ___________ days in a year．
A．three hundred and sixty five B．three hundred and sixty-five
C．three hundreds and sixty five D．three hundreds and sixty—five
( )2．Danny lives in __________．
A．room 404 B．Room 404 C．404 room D．404 Room
( )3．Jim is in __________．
A．class one，grade six B．grade one，class six
C．Class One，Grade Six D．Grade One, Class Six
( )4．The bike cost me _________ yuan．
A．five hundred forty B．five hundreds fourty
C．five hundred and forty D．five hundred fourty
( )5．My telephone number is ____________．
A．eighty eight two forty four zero nine B．eight eight two double four O nine C．eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D．eight eight two four four zero nine ( )6．Is there any food for us _________?
A．ten B．tenth C．the tenth D．the ten
( )7．Mary is _________ girl．
A. an 8 year old B．8一years—old
C．the 8 years old D．an 8一year—old
( )8．—What day is today? — ___________
A．June B．Tuesday C．It is hot D．It’s fine
( )9．—What’s the date today?— ___________
A．It’s Saturday B．It’s July C．It’s fine D．It’s JuIy 15
( )10．—What time do you get up every day?
A．It’s seven o’clock B．Seven o’clock time
C．At seven D．On seven
五课后作业
1．There are ___________ days in a year．
A．three hundred and sixty five B．three hundred and sixty-five
C．three hundreds and sixty five D．three hundreds and sixty—five
( )2．Danny lives in __________．
A．room 404 B．Room 404 C．404 room D．404 Room
( )3．Jim is in __________．
A．class one，grade six B．grade one，class six
C．Class One，Grade Six D．Grade One Class Six
( )4．The bike cost me _________ yuan．
A．five hundred forty B．five hundreds fourty
C．five hundred and forty D．five hundred fourty
( )5．My telephone number is ____________．
A．eighty eight two forty four zero nine B．eight eight two double four O nine C．eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D．eight eight two four four zero nine ( )6．Is there any food for us _________?
A．ten B．tenth C．the tenth D．the ten
( )7．Mary is _________ girl．
A. an 8 year old B．8一years—old
C．the 8 years old D．an 8一year—old
( )8．—What day is today? — ___________
A．June B．Tuesday C．It is hot D．It’s fine
( )9．—What’s the date today? — ___________
A．It’s Saturday B．It’s July C．It’s fine D．It’s JuIy 15
( )10．—What time do you get up every day?
A．It’s seven o’clock B．Seven o’clock tim e C．At seven D．On seven