2015年职称英语考试综合类补全短文冲刺模拟试题

At picnics,ants are pests.But they have their uses.In industries1such as mining,farming and forestry,they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.

It has been recognized for decades2that ants一which are highly sensitive to ecological change一can provide a near-perfect barometer of the state of an ecosystem.Only certain species,for instance,will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees._____(1)_____And still others will move in and take up residence.

By looking at which species populate a deforested area, scientists can determine how"stressed"the land is._____(2)_____Ants are used simply because they are so commonand comprise so many species.

Where mine sites are being restored,for example,some ant species will recolonize the stripped land quickly than others._____(3)_____Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.

Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil,where warm climates encourage

dense and diverse ant populations."We found it worked extremely well there."says Jonathan Majer,a professor of environmental biology.Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia,he says,because ants are so common throughout the region.As Majer puts it:"That's the great thing about ants3."

Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accepttheir results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting4._____(4)_____

Why not?Because many companies can't afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey.The cost stems,also,from the scarcity of ant specialists._____(5)_____

注释：

1.industries:行业

2.for decades：有几十年。for后接复数的时间词是常用结构，如for days,for years等。本文第四段还会出现for years。

3.That's the great thing about ants.great thing指前一句的ants are so common throughout the region.

4.tree harvesting：伐木

练习：

A This allowed scientists to gauge the pace and progress of the ecological recovery.

B Yet in other businesses,such as farming and property development,ant surveys aren't used widely.

C Employing those people are expensive.

D They do this by sorting the ants,counting their numbers and comparing the results with those of earlier surveys.

E The evolution of ant species may have a strong impact on our ecosystem.

F Others will die out for lack of food.

答案与题解：

1.F“空1”前面的句子有certain species，后面的句子有still others，这一定是英语中的“some/certain一others一still others”的固定结构。仅从这一点判断，F是答案。

2.D决定哪个句子填入“空2"的一个方法是排除法。选项A、B, C,F(F已选为“空1”的答案)的内容与“空2”前后的句子意思上都不连贯。选项E有些突如其来。只有选项D符合上下文的意思。this：指前面句子中的can determine how"stressed"the land is。

3.A选项A中的ecological recovery与前面一句中的recolonize相呼应，提示选项A的句子是前面句子的后续句。

4.B选项B中的关键词。ther businesses,farming,property 提示，选项B的句子是前面句子的后续句，因为前面句子有

mining,tree harvesting，也是businesses。蚂蚁分析法已被mining 和tree harvesting等行业广泛接受，但在farming和property行业中的应用还不普遍。

5.C本题的答案很自然会选C，因为scarcity，当然就贵了。此外，those指的是前一句的specialists，进一步证明选项C是正确的。

Caribbean Islands

What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?Palm trees and coconuts(椰子)?White beaches and clear,blue ocean?Colorful corals(珊瑚)and even more colorful fishes and birds?

You bet.There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea.They are famous for their warm,tropical climate and great natural beauty.

The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.

(1)Many of the islands were formed by the eruption(爆发)of ancient volcanoes(火山).Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.

The Caribbean Islands are known by several names.______(2) The explorer

Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in1492

because he thought he was near the coast of https://www.sodocs.net/doc/066156931.html,ter,Spain and France called the islands the Antilles.

There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea. ________(3)These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles.Together,they account for about90percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands.

The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller. ______(4)You can see why pirates such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters.There are countless small islands to bury treasure or hide on.

The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny.Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands.

(5)Many tourists arrive on cruise ships.

A But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.

B The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies,later changed to the West Indies.

C They're like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America

D They are Cuba,Puerto Rico,Jamaica,and Hispaniola.

E This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year.

F Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers(小

片)of exposed coral.

答案：1.C 2.B 3.D 4.F 5.E

Watching Microcurrents Flow

We can now watch electricity as it flows through even the tiniest circuits.By scanning the magnetic field generated as electric currents flow through objects,physicists have managed____1____.The technology will allow manufacturers to scan microchips for faults,as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes.

Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island,visualize the current by measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object and____2____.

Their sensor is adapted1from an existing piece of technology that is used to measure large magnetic fields in computer hard drives.2”We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fields,”says Xiao.

The resulting device is capable of detecting a current as weak as10microamperes,even when the wire is buried deep within a chip,and it shows up features as small as40nanometers across.

At present,engineers looking for defects in a chip have

to peel off the layers and examine the circuits visually;this is one of the obstacles____3____.But the new magnetic microscope is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faults such as short circuits,nicks in the wires or electro migration—where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and moves them along.“It is like watching a river flow,”explains Xiao.

As well as scanning tiny circuits,the microscope can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conducting electricity.3Fpr example,it could look directly at microscopic cracks in an aeroplane’s fuselage,____4____. The technique cannot yet pick up electrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small,but Xiao doesn’t rule it out4in the future.“I can never say never,”he says.

Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public,it is already on sale,5from electronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts.It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit,but Xiao and Schrag are working____5____.

注释：

1.is adapted：(使)适应。作不及物动词时的用法是：“adapt to +名词性成分”，如：The young man from the countryside adapted well to life in the big city.这个农村青年很能适应大城市的生活。易混的词：(1)adopt采取;采纳(及物动词)。adopt a positive attitude采取积极的态度。(2)adept熟练的;擅长的(形容词)。be adept in(或at)，如：This boy is adept in/at figures.这个男孩擅长计算。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/066156931.html,puter hard drives：计算机硬盘

3.conducting electricity：导电

4.rule...out：排除……的可能性。又如：The police have ruled out murder in the case of the girl’s death.警方在姑娘死亡案中已排除他杀的可能性。

5.on sale：出售;上市。如：Will the new product be on sale next month?这种新产品下月会上市吗?

练习：

A to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning

B to making chips any smaller

C to take tiny chips we require

D to picture the progress of the currents

E converting the information into a color picture showing the density

F faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water

答案与题解：

1.D manage to+v.是“设法做成”的意思。picture在此是动词，“to picture the progress of the cuixents”意为“绘出电流运行图”。

2.E by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object，另一个是converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point。convert... into...的意思是“把……转变为……”。

3.B“obstacle to+名词性成分”的意思是“……的障碍”。

4.F faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote和bacteria in a water sample与前文中的microscopic cracks in an aeroplane’s fuselage在意思上是并列的关系。

5.A这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。

From early times man has used garlic(大蒜).The Bible speaks of it.The Israelites(古以色列人)were once far from home.They cried out to Moses,their leader,for the foods they loved: leeks(韭菜),onions,and garlic.The Romans,like the Israelites,loved to eat garlic.And they hung bags of garlic

around their necks._____(46)They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.

A similar idea is still held.Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease.Most doctors say it does no such thing._____(47)Its smell may force people to stay far apart.At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(48)What if you're in a play,for instance?Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath.Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.

Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic._____(49)We now know why.It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth,Garlic tongue,or gums (齿龈).They go into the lungs instead.From there they are breathed out.They pass out through the skin too.

Strange as it seems,food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong.It all depends on how it is cooked.French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣)of garlic.They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup.But they take care not to crush them.And they cook them whole._____(50)And as the cloves cook they change in some

strange way.The soup turns out to be delicious.It's not strong at all.

A But no medicine,mouthwash,chewing gum,or toothpaste seems to help much

B As a result,the strong oils stay in the cloves.

C They say it may help in one way,though.

D Many people eat garlic.

E But keeping your distance can be hard at times.

F They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.

答案46.F47.C48.E49.A50.B

Interviewing(采访)is one of those skills that you can only get better at.You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time,and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.___________(46)The rest is instinct,which can all be learned with experience.

The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it.There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. ___________(47)Take a while just to chat,judging what sort of person you're dealing with,getting him or her to trust you.

Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can.If you are interviewing a town official,know his voting record.If it's an actor,know what plays he has been in.___________(48)

Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.___________(49)Unless the person really hates being interviewed,he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting,and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.

This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before,and they will get used to the process awkwardly,perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. ___________(50)You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.

A Come back another day;it will go better

B But at least half of the skill is mechanical

C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes,they lack irony

D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.

E This fear is almost100percent unnecessary

F Both of you need time to get to know each other

答案46.B47.F48.D49.E50.A

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