2012年考研英语一冲刺专项练习题(新题型)

2012年跨考教育秋季集训营英语习题——新题型部分

1.7选5模拟试题

模拟试题一

Directions:

In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.

The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics; it won't stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.

One theory is that is has been "advertised" and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. 1 They are, after all, in competition with those produced by other countries.

Another theory, probably a more common one, is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America". 2

The final theory is less complex: American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.

Regardless of why its spreads, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries. 3 Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generation later, on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.

Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets, and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his of her clothes. No longer so: those bright colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion. 4

The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning, when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today, while still showing its rather American roots, it has become so well established. Rock 'n' roll and all its variations, country & western music, all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often in America as well, as being "low-class", and then as "a danger to our nation's youth". 5 And then the music became accepted and was extended and developed, and exported back to the U.S.

A）As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten. "Happy Birthday to You," for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered.

B）But this theory fails to explain why American films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves.

C）American in origin, informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.

D）The BBC, for example, banned rock 'n' roll until 1962.

E）American food has become popular around the world too.

F）This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident, informal and disrespectful.

G）It is hardly surprising that the public concern contributes a lot to the spread of the culture.

模拟试题二

Directions:

In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.

Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday.

A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology.

"The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance. 1 Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over Fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.

"What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individual struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom," said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.

Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1897, 2 He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.

In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. 3 Everything else—mass, weight, space, even time itself—is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squared—E=mc2.

4

5 Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.

A）"Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics," Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices, "There was less faith in absolutes, not of time and space but also of truth and morality." Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, and avowed pacifist, signed a letter to president Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did.

B）How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.

C）"Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein."

D）Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.

E）In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become. he was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school.

F）In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

G）It is said that Einstein's success lies in the fact that few people can understand his theories.

2.排序题模拟试题

模拟试题一

Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes.（10 points）

A）Vista will also have consumer appeal, although perhaps not as much as previous releases of Windows. with Vista, Microsoft is getting closer to what it has always promised: an intuitive, easy-to-use, graphical interface. Design and organization are better than XP and data is easier to search.

B）But, despite its long delay, Vista is not a fundamental change to the Windows we know and very occasionally love. There is no imperative reason to upgrade. Given the Internet's disruptive effect on how people use computers, Vista may mark the point when Microsoft's operating system monopoly, or at least the importance of that monopoly, begins to slip away.

C）Since the launch of its Windows 3.0 operating system in 1990 Microsoft has grown used to being master of all that it surveys, and its dominance looks set to continue with tomorrow's launch of Vista, the latest update to Windows. But Microsoft now has some interlopers to worry about: Google, open-source software and the internet.

D）Microsoft is not threatened directly: computers still need windows to function and it will be hard to displace. But users will not upgrade so often and competitors will be able to chip away at Microsoft's dominance. The open-source Linux operating system, which can be freely used and modified, has taken some market share, particularly for use on servers.

E）All of this is good news for consumers. Those who want the improved features can upgrade to Vista. And those who do not want them have, for the first time in a decade, a realistic choice. The vista looming for Microsoft is one of competition and change.

F）The launch of Vista is a big deal for the computer industry. Personal computer manufacturers such as Dell, chip manufacturers such as Intel and Samsung and makers of every computer-related peripheral from manuals to mice rely on Windows updates that persuade users to upgrade machines. In the five years since the release of Windows XP—the longest gap Microsoft has ever left—the PC industry has suffered.

G）The danger for Microsoft is that, as people do more on the internet, the desktop computer and its operating system become less relevant. Satisfactory web browsing needs a high-speed internet connection but not much desktop computing power, nor a powerful operating system.

Order:

C →41. →42. →43. →44. →45. →E

模拟试题二

Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes.（10 points）

A）"There is now such creativity of new and very sophisticated financial instruments…that we don't know fully where the risks are located," he added. "We are trying to understand what is going on but it is a big, big challenge." Mr. Trichet's comments reflect a debate in policymaking circles about the implications of the growth in derivatives.

B）Nevertheless, the majority admitted it had become hard to track the risks because the sector is opaque, much activity occurs in unregulated hedge funds, and products shift rapidly across markets and between the boundaries of national central banks.

C）The recent explosion of structured financial products and derivatives had made it more difficult for regulators and investors to judge current risks in the financial system, Mr. Trichet said. "We are currently seeing elements in global financial markets which are not necessarily stable," Mr. Trichet said, pointing to the "low level of rates, spreads and risk premiums" as factors that could trigger a risk.

D）Andrew Crockett, president of JP Morgan International, said, "These new instruments ought to make markets more complete. But there is a lack of transparency…we don't know how much leverage there is in hedge funds, for example."

E）Conditions in global financial markets look potentially "unstable", suggesting investors need to prepare for a risk of some assets, Jean-Claude Trichet, president of the European central bank, said over the weekend in Davos.

F）Malcolm Knight, managing director of the Bank for International Settlements, said: "regardless of the debate, financial innovations the sector have produced vehicles which greatly accelerated the development of global financial markets."

G）Many investment bankers-and some regulators and economists-argued at last week's meeting in Davos that the growth of the $450,000bn derivatives sector had helped reduce market volatility and made the system more resilient to shocks by spreading credit risk. But other officials fear these instruments may be raising leverage and risk-taking to dangerous levels and keeping the cost of borrowing artificially low, potentially increasing the chance of financial crises.

order:

E →41. →42. →43. →44. →45. →F

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