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英语作文如何选用词语

英语作文如何选用词语
英语作文如何选用词语

英语作文如何恰当选用词语

性。在我国,古人写文章时常为一个词语的选用具思苦想,因而有“语不惊人死不休”的说法。

成语“一字值千金”也说明了选择词语的极端重要性。有时“一字之差”造成令人遗憾的败笔,或招致成千上万损失。这些反面的教训也告诉我们必须重视词语选用的问题。

词语选择的可能性。我们每个人的脑子里都有一个词库,只要我们肯去对比发掘,往往可以得到更好的表达方式。这是我们做好词语选用的主观条件。从客观条件,我们有各种类型的词典,只要我们平时多翻译、多阅读,写作时勤查考,就会在词语选用上不断进步。当然,一部好词典也不会毫无缺点,更难以面面俱到,因此在这里我们应牢牢记住著名英国作家、评论家和辞书编纂家Johson的话:Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.

词语选择的三项标准。关于择语标准,人们说法不一,但准确、鲜明、生动三项原则是公认的。当然,某词语用得是否符合要求,不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼,还要看其具体使用场合,包括同其他词语搭配等。

1)择语的准确性。准确性,就是要根据使用场合选用确切的语言形式,正如有句英语俗语所言:Do not write so that your words may be undetstood, but write so that your words must be understood. 著名美国作家马克·吐温说:“用词准确与用词几乎准确,这两者之间的差异就如闪电与萤火虫之间的差异。为了择语准确,必须熟悉词语的多义性。例如depression对心理学家、经济学家或地质学家来说,含义各不相同。反之,也常常有几个词语可以表示类似的含义,如心理学上的“depression”也能用melancholia,the blues,the dismal in the dumps,low 等词语表示。要做到准确选择,有必要注意词语的两种意义:“基本意义”和"引申意义"。前者指该词语的本身,或客观的固有含义,后者指该词语在一定搭配或上下句中出现的其他意义,往往比较含蓄,带有词语使用者的主观态度或感情色彩。如inexpensive和cheap都表示便宜的基本意思,如顾客问营业员:“May I have some thing cheaper?”意思是希望要价钱便宜一点的,当然并不是说质量可以不好,但cheap在其他句式或使用场合可引出“低劣”、“平庸”、“吝啬”、等多种意思。选用词语的准确性还表现在区分表示大体/抽象含义的词语和表示具体/特定含义的词语上,需要根据不同的使用场合做出正确的选择。抽象含义词语和具体含义词语不是两个对立的家族,在一定的条件下可以转化,如:labor一词通常带抽象含义,但并非一成不变。试比较:A)Honest labor creates wealth for the society. B)In the GM contract dispute, labor seeks a five-cent per hour wage increase.

上述A句中labor一词为抽象含义,泛指各种社会劳动,B句中labor为具体含义,特指W AW,即美国汽车、飞机、农业机械工人联合会。

2)择语的鲜明度。准确性是鲜明度的前提,也是提高鲜明度的基础。然而,鲜明与简练相关。我们说话、写文章都要以“言简意赅”四字为目标,为此,应从两个方面加以注意:

A.在可以运用较简短的常见词语表达意思时不要用复杂而少的词语,如:do something for (不用perform,accomplish),用end/finish a letter (不用terminate,conclude)。

B.多余的或转弯抹角的词语都不利于明白地表达思想的词语避免使用。多从自己的所学的词汇中选用简明易懂的词汇来表达中心。

3)择语的生动感。生动感也可以叫做优美感(gracefulness),它是建筑在准确性和鲜明度的基础上的,否则,单纯追求生动或优雅,就会出现辞藻华丽(flower

这里就作文写作给点建议。作文是要小心,按英语习惯来写句子; 认清常见错误,避免再次写错;建立错题集,不断提醒自己;多背些范文,模仿它们来写.该课通过学生错误的分类归纳,给学生以警示作用,学生能避免犯同样的错误,最后写出优美的句子。学生反映

很有收获。

教师在课前教学设计和课后即时反思中,要经常审问自己:让学生写什么,让学生怎么写,为什么要这样写;选用哪些词语来表达一篇文章的中心,为什么这么写有效,有提高。教案要有针对性,每次有训练的重点,有突破点。坚持写作教学,学生的英语写作水平会有很大的提高。

大学四级英语作文高分_高级词汇替换【精华】

★ 形容词: 1. 贫穷的:poor ; needy ; impoverished ; poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的:rich ; wealthy ; affluent ; well-to-do ; well-off 3. 优秀的:excellent ; eminent ; top ; outstanding 4. 积极的,好的:good ; conducive ; beneficial; advantageous 5. 消极的,不良的:bad ; detrimental; baneful ; undesirable 6. 明显的:obvious ; apparent ; evident ; manifest 8. 惊人的:surprising ; amazing ; extraordinary ; miraculous 9. 美丽的:beautiful ; attractive ; gorgeous ; eye-catching 10. 有活力的:energetic ; dynamic ; 11. 流行的:popular ; prevailing ; prevalent; 1. Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow 2. Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous 3. Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental 、Baneful 4. Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent 7.Serious 严重的Severe 9. cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive ★ 动词: 1. 提高,加强:improve ; enhance; promote ; strengthen ; optimize 2. 引起:cause ; trigger ; endanger 3. 解决:solve ; resolve ; address ; tackle ; cope with ; deal with 4. 拆除:destroy ; tear down ; knock down ; eradicate 5. 培养: develop ; cultivate ; 6. 激发,鼓励:encourage ; motivate ; stimulate ; spur 7. 认为:think ; assert; hold ; claim ; argue 8. 完成:complete ; fulfill ; accomplish; achieve 9. 保留:keep ; preserve ; retain ; hold 10. 有害于:destroy ; impair ; undermine ; jeopardize 11. 减轻: ease ; alleviate ; relieve ; lighten 2. change 改变:Transform 3. Emphasize 强调:Highlight、Stress Address这是个9 星级用法) 4. Develop 培养:Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture 5. Break 破坏:Impair、Undermine 这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate 7. deal With解决Tackle Address (这也是高难度用法,很牛)、Resolve 8. need 需要Require、necessitate、call for ★ 名词: 1. 影响:influence; impact 2. 危险:danger ; perils ; hazard 3. 污染:pollution ; contamination

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中常用替换高级词汇 (一) ★形容词: 1. 贫穷的:poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的:rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的:excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的,好的:good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的,不良的:bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的:obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的:surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的:beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的:energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的:popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive ★动词: 1. 提高,加强:improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起:cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决:solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除:destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发,鼓励:encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为:think = assert= hold = claim = argue

英语作文如何选用词语

英语作文如何恰当选用词语 性。在我国,古人写文章时常为一个词语的选用具思苦想,因而有“语不惊人死不休”的说法。 成语“一字值千金”也说明了选择词语的极端重要性。有时“一字之差”造成令人遗憾的败笔,或招致成千上万损失。这些反面的教训也告诉我们必须重视词语选用的问题。 词语选择的可能性。我们每个人的脑子里都有一个词库,只要我们肯去对比发掘,往往可以得到更好的表达方式。这是我们做好词语选用的主观条件。从客观条件,我们有各种类型的词典,只要我们平时多翻译、多阅读,写作时勤查考,就会在词语选用上不断进步。当然,一部好词典也不会毫无缺点,更难以面面俱到,因此在这里我们应牢牢记住著名英国作家、评论家和辞书编纂家Johson的话:Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true. 词语选择的三项标准。关于择语标准,人们说法不一,但准确、鲜明、生动三项原则是公认的。当然,某词语用得是否符合要求,不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼,还要看其具体使用场合,包括同其他词语搭配等。 1)择语的准确性。准确性,就是要根据使用场合选用确切的语言形式,正如有句英语俗语所言:Do not write so that your words may be undetstood, but write so that your words must be understood. 著名美国作家马克·吐温说:“用词准确与用词几乎准确,这两者之间的差异就如闪电与萤火虫之间的差异。为了择语准确,必须熟悉词语的多义性。例如depression对心理学家、经济学家或地质学家来说,含义各不相同。反之,也常常有几个词语可以表示类似的含义,如心理学上的“depression”也能用melancholia,the blues,the dismal in the dumps,low 等词语表示。要做到准确选择,有必要注意词语的两种意义:“基本意义”和"引申意义"。前者指该词语的本身,或客观的固有含义,后者指该词语在一定搭配或上下句中出现的其他意义,往往比较含蓄,带有词语使用者的主观态度或感情色彩。如inexpensive和cheap都表示便宜的基本意思,如顾客问营业员:“May I have some thing cheaper?”意思是希望要价钱便宜一点的,当然并不是说质量可以不好,但cheap在其他句式或使用场合可引出“低劣”、“平庸”、“吝啬”、等多种意思。选用词语的准确性还表现在区分表示大体/抽象含义的词语和表示具体/特定含义的词语上,需要根据不同的使用场合做出正确的选择。抽象含义词语和具体含义词语不是两个对立的家族,在一定的条件下可以转化,如:labor一词通常带抽象含义,但并非一成不变。试比较:A)Honest labor creates wealth for the society. B)In the GM contract dispute, labor seeks a five-cent per hour wage increase. 上述A句中labor一词为抽象含义,泛指各种社会劳动,B句中labor为具体含义,特指W AW,即美国汽车、飞机、农业机械工人联合会。 2)择语的鲜明度。准确性是鲜明度的前提,也是提高鲜明度的基础。然而,鲜明与简练相关。我们说话、写文章都要以“言简意赅”四字为目标,为此,应从两个方面加以注意: A.在可以运用较简短的常见词语表达意思时不要用复杂而少的词语,如:do something for (不用perform,accomplish),用end/finish a letter (不用terminate,conclude)。 B.多余的或转弯抹角的词语都不利于明白地表达思想的词语避免使用。多从自己的所学的词汇中选用简明易懂的词汇来表达中心。 3)择语的生动感。生动感也可以叫做优美感(gracefulness),它是建筑在准确性和鲜明度的基础上的,否则,单纯追求生动或优雅,就会出现辞藻华丽(flower 这里就作文写作给点建议。作文是要小心,按英语习惯来写句子; 认清常见错误,避免再次写错;建立错题集,不断提醒自己;多背些范文,模仿它们来写.该课通过学生错误的分类归纳,给学生以警示作用,学生能避免犯同样的错误,最后写出优美的句子。学生反映

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名词类 事情thing→business, issue, affair, matter 方面side→aspect, angle 优点advantage→virtue, merit, benefit 缺点disadvantage→shortcoming, drawback, defect, demerit 错误mistake→fault, error, fallacy 名声fame→reputation, renown, prestige 能力ability→capacity, competence 顶点top→climax, peak, zenith 动词类 认为think→deem, reckon, maintain 解决solve→tackle, cope with, dispose of 表明show→demonstrate, indicate, illustrate 利用use→utilize, make use of 强调emphasize→attach importance to, give priority to, put emphasis on 提高improve→enhance, boost, elevate 激励encourage→motivate, stimulate, inspire 引起cause→result in, give rise to, trigger 完成finish→fulfill, complete, accomplish 支持support→advocate, argue for, in favor of 反对object→argue against, be opposed to, frown on 必须should/must→ought to, be supposed to 帮助help→give somebody a hand、give a hand to somebody 、be in need of 副词类 非常very→exceedingly, extremely, considerably 尤其especially→specially, notably, particularly 立即immediately→directly, instantly, promptly 明显地clearly→obviously, apparently, evidently 确定地certainly→definitely, undoubtedly, decidedly 完全地totally→completely, absolutely, entirely 广泛地widely→generally, extensively, universally 最后finally→eventually, accordingly 最初地firstly→originally, initially 形容词类 不好的bad→undesirable, negative, adverse 有害的harmful→damaging, ruinous, destructive

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大学物理下册常用英文单词

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