综合教程(一)
(第一单元到第八单元)
一、
A. English to Chinese
由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易,所有欧洲的重要商业国及其在西半球的附属国的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交易。由于法律不允许英国货币从英国流向殖民地,相比之下,西班牙货币显得更加重要。这些货币在墨西哥城几利马铸造,再流入西班牙殖民地。西班牙币在殖民地被普遍使用,以至这种货币最终成为美国的货币单位。虽然早在1652 年马萨诸塞首先铸造低含金量的硬币,但殖民地最后转而用纸币来提高短缺且不可靠的货币供给。著名人士的期票与签发给英国商人的汇票在几个月内就能顺利转手。此外,各殖民地的财政部门开始在税收前签发期票,同时向城镇官员下达书面命令,要求当地店铺履行付款义务,如其他可转让的单据一样,这些票据经签注后可作为货币进行交换。
B. Chinese to English
1、随着我国加入世贸组织,国有银行面临的压力越来越大,为了尽快解决资本充足率以及扩大规模,这家大银行打算与其它两家小银行合并。
With China’s successful entry into the WTO, state-owned banks are faced with more and more pressure. The big bank intends to merge with two small banks so as to quickly solve the problem of capital sufficiency and enlarge its scale.
2、受全球经济衰退和通货膨胀的影响,这个城市的许多小企业已经破产或者本大公司兼并,导致大量工人面临失业的困境。
Because of the recessionary effect on global economy and inflation, many small businesses in this city have gone bankrupt or have been swallowed up by giant corporations. It leads to a large number of workers facing unemployment.
3、他没有娶她。他认为尽管怜悯近似于爱,但是是不同的。他希望为爱情而结婚,而不是为了怜悯。
He didn’t marry her, because he thought that although sympathy was closely akin to love, they were still different. What he hoped was marry foe love, not foe sympathy.
4、网络教育似乎是一种极好的教育方式,它能够触及到一大批潜在的学生,而且可以减少传统学校教育所需要的高额的基础设施及人力费用。
Web-based training and learning seems to be a perfect way to reach a huge pool of potential students, as well as curtail the high infrastructure and personnel costs of traditional schooling. 5、随着这个城镇经济的发展,当地政府打算为老年人建立一所一流的养老院。
With the development of this town’s economy, local government intends to tailor a first-class nursing home for the needs of the elderly.
6、政府撤销对金融市场的管制有利于经济全球化的发展,但同时也给国内经济造成了一些负面影响。
The deregulation of financial markets taken by government is very helpful to economical globalization, but, at the same time, it brings some unpleasant influences on domestic economy.
7、但愿我的弟弟别再整天玩网络游戏了,否则,他将无法完成学业。
I wish my younger brother would desist from playing network games all day, otherwise he would have to discontinue his study.
8、一家店铺开始延长营业时间,同一条街上的其他商店也都跟着做。
One shop began to prolong the business hours, and all other shop along the same street followed suit.
9、随着1997年许多东亚国家经济中出现的戏剧性的货币贬值,这些国家遭受了几句而且徘徊不去的经济衰退。这种结果违反了贬值使国内生产的商品更便宜而且应当提高产量的观点。
Following the dramatic currency depreciation in many East Asian economies in 1997,there countries suffered sharp and lingering recessions. This outcome runs counter to the notion that depreciations ought to boost output because they make domestically produced goods cheaper. 二、
A. English to Chinese
(1)并非所有的地区都会经历气候变暖的情况。有些地区会变得更热更干燥,而另外一些地区则会遭遇较冷的天气。全球变暖产生的预期结果包括极地冰盖融化,海洋沿线地区被淹,剧烈的暴风雨,降雨模式的改变,以及现有生态平衡的广泛变化等等。根据现有的模式,估计下个世纪全球海平面将上升15~95 厘米。这足以将全球l/3 人口的家园淹没。由于像蚊子这类传播疾病的昆虫的栖息地的扩大,传染性疾病的数目也将日益上升。许多物种也许无法适应如此剧烈的气候变化而最终灭绝。
(2)然而,一切都考虑到了之后,那个真正能够解决气候危机的长期方法却被所有的领导人忽视了。倘若不调整我们的经济,我们所做的一切努力就如同即将垂死的朽树上的个别绿叶。我们的政府,和它们的前任一样,坚持认为持续增长的全球贸易是理所当然的一件好事。因此,政府给予了无数直接或间接的资助。这些资助只能使那些生产远距离出口商品的大公司获益。
B. Chinese to English
1、在环境危机问题上,与其拿出一个不怎么样的提案,还不如没有提案,因为提案一旦作出,政治家们就回在其后一段时间内把环境问题放在一边。
As to the climate crisis, we are better off with a clean slate than a weak proposal. Because once the proposal is made, politicians will close the climate chapter for some time.
2、她开始意识到,她的持续的腹痛是由于食用了上周在当地超市贱卖的熏肉引起的。She’s cottoned on that her constant stomachache was caused by the bacon on offer last week at local market.
3、那位超级明星突然造访一座海滨小城,第二天这则消息在当地报纸的头版显著刊登。That superstar descended on a small coastal town, which splashed across the front page of the local newspaper.
4、他立足商界的最后一搏失败了,这似乎令人沮丧,但从长远来看,这也未尝不是一件好事,他可以从中学到很多。
It seemed frustrating that his last-ditch effort to win a place in the business world collapsed. But it was also for the best. From the long term, he could learn a lot.
5、父母把自己的爱和关怀无私地给予了孩子。然而,当他们年迈之时,其中一些却只能无奈的独自生活。
Parents lavish their love and care on their children. However, when they become old, some of them are condemned to live alone.
6、我国现任的政治领导和他们的前任们一样坚信,在反腐问题上没有退缩。
The present political leaders of our country, in line with their predecessors, were wedded to the belief that we should not retreat in the action against corruption.
7、多亏了政府的资助和好心人的捐款,那些贫困地区失学的孩子们才得以重返校园。
The school dropouts in poverty-stricken areas came back to school by courtesy of the subsidies from government and donations from the kind people.
8、在当地政府的有效组织下,洪灾所造成的损失被降到了最低程度。
Under the effective organization of the local government, the damage caused by the flood has been watered down to the minimum.
9、在经济发展上,超级大国走在了前面,把其他国家远远甩在了后面,但这并不是说,他们在一切问题上都说了算。
Superpowers forge ahead in economic development, leaving other countries far behind. But it doesn’t necessarily follow that they can determine everything.
三、
A. English to Chinese
据美国国家过敏和传染病中心(NIAID)的研究人员说,往猴子的鼻子里喷一次测试疫苗猴子就可以免得非典。同时一些荷兰的科学家已经成功地利用人类抗体使白鼬免于病毒的侵袭。由亚历山大·博克乐耶夫领导的NIAID 科研小组把引起非典的主要蛋自的基因(SARS-S)注入一种削弱的人类流感病毒,并用这样培养出来的试验疫苗治疗4 只猴子。另外的4 只猴子接受了安慰性疫苗。在这所有的8 只猴子中,药物都直接喷入了它们的鼻腔。免疫接种后的一个月,两组猴子都被特意染上非典。研究人员发现,从接受安慰剂的猴子的呼吸道的取样中有复制的病毒,这表明免疫接种失败。而在接受正常疫苗的猴子身上却没有这种症状。
B. Chinese to English
1、尽管他的科研工作不断出现困难,但他都一一克服了,并最终发现了这种新的元素。Though difficulties kept cropping up in his work, he still succeeded in finding this new element after solving all the problems.
2、火车以飞快的速度行驶,一天的旅行就把他从白雪皑皑的北国带到了赤日炎炎的南方。The train was moving at such a good clip that one day’s travel has brought him from the northern part of part of the country covered with white snow to the south with scorching sun.
3、在第一次出海航行时,由于发动机出现了故障,这艘船在大海中有风浪任意摆布。During her first voyage to the sea, the breakdown of the ship’s engine left her at the mercy of the rough sea.
4、一些公司贪求利润而置农民工的利益于不顾,政府部门最近收到许多拖欠工资的投诉。While seeking after their own profits, some companies ignore the farmers’ interest, Recently,the government has been bombarded with the complaints about delayed payments.
5、随着亚洲的一些国家发生禽流感,我国加强了对这些国家进口食品的严格管控。
With the bird flu emerging in some Asian countries, our government has placed the imported food under close surveillance.
6、虽然经济全球化给一些中国人带来了绝对的机遇,但它给其他人所带来的挑战也是很明显的。
While economic globalization has brought absolute opportunities to some Chinese, the challenges it causes to others are also unmistakable.
7、令我们欣慰的是,这次大会中的投票表决挫败了某些国家遏制中国的企图。
To our relief, the vote in this assembly stopped certain countries from containing China.
8、在有些人,谚语“三岁看到老”的说法是真的,但有许多人不是这种经历。
With some people, the old saying “One’s character in three years old seals his fate.” Is true, but there are many people with different experience.
四、
A. English to Chinese
何谓女权主义?就广义的定义而言,女权主义是女性及其贡献得到重视的哲学。它是建立在
女性的社会、政治、经济权利平等的基础上的。任何人,男人、女人、男孩、女孩,都可以成为女权主义者。女权主义也可以被描述成一种运动,一场革命。在这种运动或革命中,男人女人们希望世界平等无界。这些界限或障碍就是人们所熟知的对性别、性取向、年龄、婚姻状况和经济状况的歧视和偏见。每个人都以白己的性别观、平等观来观察这个世界。女权主义者认为这个世界是不平等的。他们希望看到性别差异的减小,男性优于女性的观念削弱,甚至消失。
B. Chinese to English
1、赛珍珠生于传教士家庭,随父母在中国生活了17年,深受中国文化的熏陶。
Pearl Sydenstricker Buck was born in a missionary. She lived in China for 17 years, and was saturated in Chinese culture.
2、你父母那么爱你,你竟这样粗暴的对待他们,你如何能为自己的行为辩解。
How can you justify your rude behavior to your parents who love you so much?
3、他已经长大了,不再有青春期抽烟喝酒的习惯了。
He has grown up and has outgrown the bad habits of smoking and drinking in adolescence.
4、我们认为这是不言自明的:任何国家都不应该干涉他国内政,大国尤其如此。
We hold this to be self-evident that no state is in the position to interfere with the domestic affairs of other nations. This is especially true of great powers.
5、家道中落之前,他们无法想象自己会对住小房子、吃干面包、喝白开水的简朴生活也很知足。
Before they came down in the world, they couldn’t imagine that they would content themselves with simple life: a small room, dry bread and plain boiled water.
6、虽然歹徒夸口决不会给活捉,但是被围之后,他毫不反抗就屈服了。
Though he boasted he would never be taken alive, the outlaw submitted to the police without a struggle when surrounded.
7、为了接受高等教育,她激烈的与父亲认为女人注定一生围着厨房转的观念抗争。
In order to have her higher education, she has to contend fiercely with her father who believes that women are doomed to spending their life at the kitchen sink.
8、这位单身母亲给女儿灌输的都是些女权主义观点。
It is feminism that the single mother has instilled in her daughter.
五、
A. English to Chinese
我们的计算机网络已经相当发达,不久就会使我们有机会和地方公司甚至和其他大学共享我们的专长。一个专门致力于远程学习的中心正在酝酿之中。我们将越来越多地利用以因特网为基础的计算机课程,以此来提高我们的教学水平,同时也使校外的学生有机会学习。这并不意味着计算机终端将会取代人,学生永远需要面对面的建议和高质量的面授。但这的确意味着我们可以逐步改进我们的教学课程,并以书本的形式呈现给大家。就大学自身而言,能够接纳更多的学生仍是我们的头等大事。我们正在努力消除剑桥的神秘感,增加录取公立中学毕业生的比率。我们要确保鼓励和支持少数民族、外国学生和残疾学生申请上剑桥,确保妇女全面参与大学事务,增加她们在高端学术方面的职位。我们要鼓励校友们更加关心剑桥,用他们的专长和经验为母校服
务。
B. Chinese to English
1、按照我朋友的建议,这个房间由一个单人卧室改成了浴室外。
At my friend’s suggestion, the room was converted from a single bedroom to a study.
2、人们一提高西安就会联想到大雁塔和兵马俑。
People always connect Xi’an with the Big Goose Pagoda and Terra cotta Warriors and Horses.
3、大学生要有使用好图书馆的条件,只有这样,他们的知识面才会拓宽。
College students must have access to a good library, through which their knowledge and experience can be broadened.
4、水坝不太坚固,挡不住洪水,结果河水冲破堤岸,淹没了河边的房子。
The dam was not strong enough to hold back the flood waters, so that the river had burst its banks and flooded the houses by the river.
5、她的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。同时,她父母的话对她也是极大的鼓舞。
Her success was largely due to her efforts. Also her parents’ words were a great encouragement to her.
6、通过参与制定学习计划的过程,我和我的小组成员不得不为学生确定意向学习目标。Through participating in the process of planning our field trip, my group members and I had to identify out intended learning goals for the students.
7、在报复心的驱使下,我给办公室的每个人发了一封电子邮件,新的开头如下:“很抱歉的通知你,你已经错过了这次机会。……”
I did in the spirit of revenge by sending an E-mail to everyone in the office which began as follow: “We regret to inform you that you have missed this opportunity, ……”
8、尽管期望这种集成电路作为一种锁存器电路,它也可以当作推荐的标准触发器。
Even though this IC is supposed to work as a latch circuit, it can also be made to function as RS(recommended standard) flip-flop.
六、
A. English to Chinese
美国虽未激起产生恐怖主义根源的原始的民族和种族仇恨,但也难脱干系。在中东,基于地理和经济上的考虑,美国不得不既支持以色列的民主形式,又得支持沙特阿拉伯的温和立场。然而,这种支持更多地促使和加剧了灾难性的民族主义,而没有使经济和军事得到安全保证。以色列对占领区的控制使得阿拉伯人越来越多地采取暴力手段。沙特政府之所以能够幸存下来的一部分原因是由于政府总在默默地鼓励基督教原教旨主义者把他们对国内政治的不满发泄在美国和以色列身上。帕蒂西·赫威特轻声地说着,她措辞相当谨慎。当她激动的时候,她的声音有些颤抖。“在9·11事件之后,我们开始在全球范围内建立一个强有力的反恐联盟。但是如果我们要建立一个持久的、真正强有力的国际反恐联盟来确保安全,那么我们就得建立一个同样强有力的经济联盟—换句话来说,全世界范围内自由、公平的贸易联盟。因为倘若我们不去解决整个发展中国家所面临的饥饿、苦难、挫折等问题,我们就永远解决不了恐怖主义以及其他危及世界和平的问题。”
B. Chinese to English
1、大城市的第三产业越来越多地依赖于外来务工人员,这种情况已经形成。如果没有大批务工人员参加到城市的建设中来,许多城市的发展将逐渐趋于停滞。
The increasing reliance of the third industry in big cities on guest workers is entrenched. Without legions of them to participate in the cities’ construction, the development of many cities would grind to a halt.
2、经济的发展更多地依赖于社会的稳定。因此,当前压倒一切的问题是保持稳定。
The development of economy mainly hinges on social stability. Therefore, the overwhelming issue at present is to maintain stability.
3、一个开放的国际大都市应当是文化多元主义。在那里,拥有不同文化背景的人们之间和
平相处,共同发展
An open international metropolis should be one with cultural pluralism, where people with different cultural backgrounds coexist peacefully and develop together.
4、由于吸毒,他和周围的人们疏远了。慢慢地,他对吸毒怀有强烈的道德上的厌恶,决心戒毒。
Due to drug abuse, he was detached from the people around him. Gradually, he embraced a moral revulsion towards drug abuse and was determined to give it up.
5、他拥有一辆宽敞的车,一座乡间别墅以及其它被认为是成功的标志的东西,但他并不真正幸福。
He has a big car, a country house, and all the other trappings of success. But he was not in the least happy.
6、有些人对和自己意见相左的人采取仇视的态度。这并不是心胸宽阔的人所应有的。Some people turn a hostile eye toward those who dissent from their view, which doesn’t agree with what an open minded person should do.
7、和他所期望的相反,这次他并没有得到升职。回家之后他把怒火发泄在了妻子头上。Contrary to what he expected, he failed to be promoted this time. After returning to his home, he vented his anger on his wife.
8、美国的生活方式以对物质充足的尊崇为典型。
The American way of life is characterized by reverence for material abundance.
七、
A. English to Chinese
没有必要惩罚,强迫或在严厉的气氛中管教孩子。孩子在轻松,愉快,严格但又和谐的气氛里学得会更好。父母决定家庭的气氛,所以父母对家庭气氛的好坏有很大的影响。梦想越大,孩子的表现无论在量上还是质上都会比我们预期的要更加的好!虽然我认为家长不应该责备有问题的孩子,但我确信我们家长对家庭的影响的程度要远远超出我们想象。我们必须牢记这种影响,积极实施这种影响,而永远不要对孩子失望!家长在烦恼的时候重整旗鼓,调整白己的认识,重新评价孩子。实施任何一种考虑周全的家庭教育是需要时间,精力,还需要一个轻松的环境。如果你情绪不好,要腾出来点时间让你和孩子冷静下来,解决问题的办法通常是在情绪平静时想出来的。
B. Chinese to English
1、为了照看这个婴儿她已辞职,无论是好是坏,她顾不了太多。
She has left her job to take care of the baby, and, for better or worse, she can’t afford to think of too much.
2、他情绪变化无常,可能与当时的生病有关。
His back-and-forth mental changes might be accounted for by his simultaneous physical problems.
3、对于有些女性,生孩子并不会导致非此即彼的结果——辞职在家带孩子或继续工作而不带孩子。
For some women, bearing children does not have to result in a black-and-white situation-having to quit work to stay home with the baby or not.
4、大家都为她在三岁时就帮妈妈跑腿而感到惊异。
Everybody was amazed at her who began to run errands for her mother even when she was three years old.
5、这个艺术团的演出吸引了这么多的工人,大礼堂及其外围的地方都围满了观众。
The performance of the art group attracted so many workers that the audience spilt over from the auditorium to the surrounding area.
6、为了加快发展的速度,我国已和许多国家签定了互惠协约。
In order to achieve a faster development, our country has reached reciprocal agreements with many other countries.
7、他们认为民主的一个重要体现就是人民可以享受言论自由。
They think that one important manifestation of democracy is all the people can enjoy the freedom of voicing their minds.
8、儿时的贫寒和艰难激励着这位总统毫不动摇地走自学成才的道路,以致在这方面成为世人的楷模。
The poverty and hardships during his childhood encourage this president never to waver in his determination to be s self-made man, which has been a model for the world.
八、
A. English to Chinese
朦胧中显现出来的那个庞然大物,十分壮观,寂然不动而气度非凡,那就是中国的长城。它孤独地沿着山的一侧蜿蜒而上,再往下进入山谷深处,带着它与世无争的特性。每隔一定的距离就有一座森严的瞭望台,冷峻挺立,十分威严。它铁面无情。建造它,付出了千百万生命,每一块灰色的砖石上都染满了那离乡背井犹如囚徒者的斑斑血泪。它跨越崇山峻岭毅然向前。它具有大无畏的精神,漫漫征途无尽头,走了一程又一程,一直走到亚洲最边远的地方,茕茕孑立,神秘莫测,犹如它所捍卫的大帝国一样。中国的长城就是那样的庞然大物,在朦胧中寂然不动,气度非凡,十分壮观。
B. Chinese to English
1、清晨新鲜的空气,鸟儿的歌唱,街道两旁的花草树木,夜晚的星辰,所有这一切都会使人感到生活是无限美好的。
The fresh morning air, the singings of birds, the trees and flowers on the sides of the street, and the stars at night conspire to make you feel how beautiful the life is.
2、一些中国品牌以富有竞争力的价位为后盾,已经跻身于国际市场,同时他们也未忽略产品的质量,高校的销售以及售后服务等战略的运用。
Some Chinese brands have nudged into the international market on the back of competitive pricing. At the same time they haven’t ignore d such strategies as product quality, an efficient distribution and after-sales service.
3、我妹妹玛丽的几个朋友不断地告诉她,她的好朋友卡罗尔在她背后说她的坏话。玛丽经过他们的洗脑也就相信了她们的话。后来她发现事实并非如此时,感到非常抱歉。Several of her friends brainwashed my sister Mary into believing that her best friend Carol has saying nasty things about her behind her back. Mary was as sorry as she could be when she found out it wasn’t true.
4、如果政治家想赢得选举胜利必须努力表现自己。
A politician must project himself if he wants to win an election.
5、随着生活节奏的加快,人们感到时间的紧迫,驾车的速度也越来越快。马路就想赛车跑道,高速行驶的汽车严重威胁着行人的安全。
With the quicken pace of life, people feel time presses and drive their cars faster and faster, which makes the roadway look like a race track. The automobiles running at a high speed sorely threaten the safety of pedestrians.
6、现如今人们对汽车的依赖性越来越强,即便是上下班只有一英里的路程,也要驱车前往。
Nowadays people become increasingly dependent on automobiles. Despite one mile round trip to work, they will resort to automobiles.
7、中国制造的商品以其物美价廉赢得了世界各国消费者的青睐。
Low in price and good in quality, the commodities made in China have won hearts of the consumers all over the world.
8、中国的汽车工业白手起家,逐渐发展到如今这样的规模。但是,它仍然处于初级阶段,对其设定过高的质量标准是不切合实际的。
Starting from scratch, Chinese automobile industry has gradually developed into what it is. But with it at the preliminary stage, it is impractical to set an exorbitant quality standard for it.
新视野大学英语读写教程预备级1课后翻译答案 UNIT 1 Section A Translation V 1.It is reported that he is very rich and that he is a man who trades in weapons. 据报道,他非常富有,是做武器交易的。 2.Men or women of any country should be against war as it can destroy the country. 任何国家的人,无论男女,都反对战争,因为战争会毁灭国家。 3.People call Nobel a man of peace and a man full of love 人们称诺贝尔是一个致力于和平事业的人和一个富有爱心的人 4.It is very dangerous to cross the river during the raining season. 在雨季度过那条河非常危险 5.He did not know what to do, as it was new to him to build roads through mountains. 他不知所措,因为对他来说开山修路是件新鲜事 Translation VI 1.诺贝尔在最合适不过的时候发明了他的炸药。 Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at a perfect moment in time. 2.他要考虑在他逝后让人们用最佳的方法使用他的遗产。 He wanted to think of the best way for people to use his money after his death 3.全世界按照他所希望的方式怀念他,铭记他:诺贝尔,一个致力于和平事业 的人。 The world thinks of him the way he wanted to be remembered: Nobel, a man of peace 4.他做出决定,在他去世之后,他的遗产应当用来奖励那些在科学、文学和世 界和平等领域做出卓越贡献的人。 He decided that after he died, his money should be used for a prize to honor people who did great things in science, writing, and world peace 5.最早的诺贝尔奖在1901年授予的,这个奖项不久便成会人们在上述领域所 获得的最高荣誉。 The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, and they very soon became the greatest honor that a person could receive in these fields UNIT 2 Section A Translation V 1.He has visited 20 countries, as he is interested in all sorts of cultures and customs. 因为他对各种文化和习俗感兴趣,他访问过20个国家 2.Nobel preferred people to remember him as a man of peace. 诺贝尔希望人们把他当作热爱和平的人来记住他 3.But not everyone would agree with you that men and women have the same abilities. 但不是人人都同意你的观点,认为男人和女人具有同样的能力 4.That is a very good example of how the language has changed as a result of the women’s movement.
Unit One 核心员工的特征 大卫·G.詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时,我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理,给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工,在某个专业领域,你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 在我的小组中,有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家,其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的,”他说,“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候,我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人:其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话,目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而,每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话,我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测,”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工,你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险,你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4特征1:无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征,人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及,是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作,”费策尔说,“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗,争强好胜,所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中,没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色,并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力:为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法,加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”,而不是“我”,能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。更为有利的是,要在你实验室内部,以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间,培养一个良好声誉:一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6特征2:紧迫感 唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业,并一直做到高级管理的职位。他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作,这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。 7“一年365天,一周7天,一天24小时,生意始终在进行,那意味着一年365天,一周7天,一天24小时,竞争也同样在进行,”豪特说,“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。这就是说,你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来,而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作,而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” 8特征3:风险容忍度 企业要求员工能承受风险。“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论,”一位客户在职业描述中写道。 9豪特赞同这一说法。“商业成功通常有这样一个特质:那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的,组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应,因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说,伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里,你需要了解过程,但最终你会迷上答案,然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合,是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。”
①A. 从更大的范围上讲,选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的,其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因,但本不该当选的人,如果他有整洁清秀的形象,就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来,许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而,一个候选人可能非常善于演说,但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物,他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力,但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力,固然十分重要,但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人,往往产生错误的印象,因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象,一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。 B. If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.”It is imperative for you to have good image of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others. No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self —otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation. Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved. ②学习艺术的过程可以很方便地分为两个部分:一是精通理论;二是善于实践。如果我想学习医学,我必须首先了解人体结构和各种疾病。当我具有了这些理论知识以后,我并不能胜任医学工作。只有经过大量的实践,我才能掌握这门学科,直到最终我把所掌握的理论知识和实践收获结合起来,并融合为一体——即成为我的直觉知识,这才是掌握任何一门学科的本质。然而,除学习理论和实践以外,在任何一门学科上想成为专家还必需有第三个因素——那就是,掌握这门艺术是你最关心的事情,在这个世界上肯定没有比这门学科更为重要的东西了。这一点适用于音乐、医学、木工——也适合于爱情。这也可能正是问题的答案所在:为什么在我们的文化中人们即使已遭遇显而易见的失败,但人们很少去尝试学习爱这门艺术。虽然人们内心深藏着爱,但他们几乎把所有其他的东西如成功、名誉、金钱、权力都视为比爱更重要,几乎把所有的精力都用来学习如何实现这些目标了,几乎没有人去学习爱这门艺术。只有那些能赢得金钱和荣誉的东西才值得学习,而爱只是一件我们无权为之浪费许多精力的奢侈品,它只能使心灵获益、而毫无现代意义上的好处可言。难道果真如此吗?B. Intimacy, passion, and commitment are the warm, hot, and cold vertices of Sternberg’s love triangle. Alone and in combination they give rise to eight possible kinds of love relationships. The first is nonlove—absence of all three components. This describes the large majority of our personal relationships, which are simply causal interactions. The second kind of love is liking. “If you just have intimacy”, Sternberg explains, “that’s liking. You can talk to the person, tell about your life. And if that’s all there’s to it, that’s what we mean by liking.”It refers to the feelings experienced in true friendships. Liking includes such feelings as closeness and warmth but not the intense feelings of passion or commitment. If you just have passion, it’s called infatuated love—“love at first sight”that can arise almost instantaneously and dissipate just as quickly. It
1.那是个正规宴会,我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。 (formal) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me t o. 2.他的女友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。(take hold) His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.他们预料到下几个月点的需求量很大,决定增加生产。(anticipate) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have de cided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔音译在违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。(violate) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’ s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’ s safety rules. 5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水(water shortage)的可能性。 (avoid,severe) It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the poss ibility of a severe water shortage. 1.半个小时过去了,但末班车还没来。我们只好走回家。(go by) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2.玛丽看上去对汉语考试很担心,因为她还没背熟课文。 (learn by heart) Mary seems to be very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart. 3.既然篮球赛已被推迟,我们不妨去参观博物馆。(postpone) Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum. 4.整个二次世界大战期间他一直和父母住在澳大利亚。 (all the way) He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through WWⅡ. 5.自1985年从南京大学毕业至今,可以说我与我的大学同学失去了联系。(kind of,lose touch) Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates. 1.正如科学家所预言的那样,全球污染成了人类面临的最严重的问题之一。(global) As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems huma ns are faced with. 2.谋求这些职位的竞争很激烈——今年的求职者(applicant)是去年的五倍。(competition) Competition for these jobs is very tough – we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many a pplicants this year as there were last year. 3.正如事实表明的那样,教育大纲应该符合国家的经济发展计划。(fit into)
LESSON 1 1.因为英语是个杀手,正是英语造成了坎伯兰语,康沃尔语,诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡.在这 些岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言.然而,英语在日常生活中无处不在.所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语.英语对现存的凯尔特语:爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大,它们的未来岌岌可危。 2.同时,他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视(和种族歧、,性别歧视的情况类似")的偏见密 切相关。在菲利普森看来,在以白人英语为主导的世界,最重要的机构和个人(有意或无意地)鼓励或者至少是容忍了(肯定没有反对)英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。 3.总的来说,我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为 世界所做的贡献时,我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏,而且这样做也没有太大的风险,因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。 4.然而,许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此,我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势, 例如广泛的通信网,强大的文化传媒体系,及强有力的文化教育机构。 5.讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权,而黑人反对力量,其成员讲多种语言, 在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。 6.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处, 同时尽可能避免招来灾难。 LESSON 2 1.年初布什总统签署了一项《不让一个孩子落后》的重大法案,誓言要把“困在那些教学质量不佳又不进行改革的学校里的孩子”解救出来.2007 年7月1日美国教育部宣布有8652所学校被列 为“长期教学质量低下”的学校,现在这些学校中的学生必须在今后的几天内考虑决定他们是否 要转学, 同时各个学区也在忙着为符合转学条件的学生提供帮助和服务以抓住选择的机会。 2.对于那些在教学改革旋涡中挣扎的学校的校长、老师和学生来说,这一法案的直接后果则是迷惑与混乱。他们认为该法案制订的教学改革标准太高而又没有说明各学区如何达到这些标准。3.我们必须对公众负责,不过我们必须研究所有衡量指标。 4.一所学校连续两年在州水平考试中没有表现出“足够的年度改进”就会被认为是不合格的学校,但是联邦教育部并没有提供一个具有权威性的不合格学校的名单让学生家长作为参考,而是要求各州各自确定不合格学校的名单,并且要求他们把学生的考试成绩按照学生的种族和家庭收入进行分类。新法案还规定各州要公布便于学生和家长查找的不合格学校的名单,但是没有几个州能很快拿出来。 5.教育部次长,前宾夕法尼亚州学校总监Eugene Hickok 也承认“该法案的实施可能会引起一些混乱”,但是他又说各州也不应为此而大惊小怪。教育部长Rod Paige 已经向各学区主管人士就有关改革事宜做了扼要指示并通报了全国。他说,即使在如纽约和芝加哥这样的大城市“接收择校生比较困难”,但“法律就是法律”。 6.Wooten 说,“人很容易放弃自我,而去赶别人的潮流,但正如其他的美国人一样,我们都有成功的机会。我们为什么不开创自己的潮流呢?” LESSON 4 1.无论作为法定婚姻的前奏还是其替代品,同居现象的频繁出现都进一步弱化了婚姻区别于其他结合形式的独立特征。不管怎样,所有这些打破传统的结合方式一直以来都是建立在亚当一夏娃模式的异性恋基础之上的。 2.有报告说曾发生过外星人为了做繁衍后代实验而绑架地球人的事件,但不论这些报道是否只是人们的幻觉,地球人探索宇宙寻找外星人却是事实。
Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题作好了准备。(confront) He has prepared answers to the questions that he may confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们,使我们几乎哭出声来。(touch) His sad experience touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步,有说有笑。(hand in hand) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后,他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。(well up) When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话,因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.女儿再三请求到国外去深造,他最终让步了。(give in to) He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。(lock away) We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.虽然咱们分手了,但我希望咱们依然是好朋友,像以前一样互相关心,互相帮助。(part) Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we used to. 10.在紧急关头,军长召集全体军官开会,制定新的克敌战略战术。(summon) At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非,开始对该国进行为期3天的友好访问。(head) A government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa yesterday, starting a three-day friendly visit to the country. 2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。(awfully funny) It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills. 3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一,所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。(show on a screen) Computers are one of the most useful teaching tools, for all your lessons as well as all the questions and all the answers can be shown on a screen. 4.张利的母亲前天突然病倒,他赶紧派人请来医生。(send for) Zhang Li’s mother fell ill the day before yesterday, so he sent for a doctor immediately.
Lesson 1 1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people. little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another 2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market. 3) they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price. 4) he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount. 5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear. X.1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处 A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2)集市上有许多小摊子,出售的货物应有尽有 At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry. 4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美,刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。 The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. 5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached. 7)教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of being strict with the students. 8)这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。 This little girl is very much attached to her father.
研究生英语系列教材综合教程(上)课文翻译 Unit 1 核心员工的特征 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时,我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理,给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工,在某个专业领域,你可以指望他们把活儿干好。在我的小组中,有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家,其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的,”他说,“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候,我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人:其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话,目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而,每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话,我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测,”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工,你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险,你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4特征1:无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征,人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及,是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作,”费策尔说,“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗,争强好胜,所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中,没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色,并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力:为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法,加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”,而不是“我”,能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。更为有利的是,要在你实验室内部,以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间,培养一个良好声誉:一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6特征2:紧迫感 唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业,并一直做到高级管理的职位。他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作,这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。 7“一年365天,一周7天,一天24小时,生意始终在进行,那意味着一年365天,一周7天,一天24小时,竞争也同样在进行,”豪特说,“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。这就是说,你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来,而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作,而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” 8特征3:风险容忍度 企业要求员工能承受风险。“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论,”一位客户在职业描述中写道。 9豪特赞同这一说法。“商业成功通常有这样一个特质:那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的,组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应,因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说,伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里,你需要了解过程,但最终你会迷上答案,然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合,是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。” 10风险容忍度的另外一个要点是求职者对失败的承受度。失败很重要,因为这表示你不怕冒险。所以各家公司总会寻找有可能犯错误并敢于承认错误的求职者。大家都知道如何谈论成功——或者当他们在寻找工作的时候应该知道。但很少有人乐意谈论失败,更少有人知道如何从失败的边缘吸取教训和获得经验。“对我的企业来说,求职者需要坦然地谈论他或她的失败,而且他或她需要有真正的失败经历,而不是特意为面试而杜撰的东西。如果做不到的话,那么这个人冒的风险还不够,”豪特说。 11特征4:善于处理人际关系 瑞克·李奇在迪科德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展。李奇最近才转行到企业,做业务方面的工作。我向他咨询这个重要特征,是因为在他的新业务角色中,人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。“科学家毕生都在积累知识,培养技术上的敏锐感,”他说,“但为企业工作需要完全不同的东西——人际交往的能力。想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说,突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他,真是十分令人恐惧。” 12然而,如果认为只有像李奇那样的生意人才需要熟练的人际沟通技巧,那就错了。事实上,我所遇见的在企业工作的核心费工们之所以取得成功,很大程度上是因为他们能够与公司上下各种各样的人共事。 Unit 4 爱和情感连系 1爱,对于人类的生存是不可或缺的。它既是一种情感,又是一种行为。家庭通常是我们最早和最重要的爱和
研究生(英语)课后部分翻译答案 1. “一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,生意始终在进行,那意味着一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,竞争也同样在进行,”豪特说,“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’!这就是说,你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来,而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作,而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”(第一章 P29 第一段) 2. 最后,职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说,当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时,便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation.(第一章 P29 第二段) 3. 最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭菜质量平平,价格昂贵,而法国烹饪的衰落还不止于此。这在法国可不是个小问题,要知道2002年美食旅游为法国创收180 亿欧元,占到全部旅游收入的1/4。越来越多的餐馆老板反映政府的税收和经济政策限制了他们的利润,也就影响了他们投资和雇佣更多人手的能力。束缚他们手脚的是令法国不那么光彩的繁琐拖拉的公事程序,更不要说那些来自欧盟的规定,从销售税到布里乳酪里含细菌的指标统统都在严格的掌控之中。 The decline goes well beyond recent surveys that show growing complaints about mediocre quality and high prices—no small concern in a country where tourisme gastronomique earned 18 billion euros in 2002, a quarter of all tourist revenues. More and more restaurateurs say that government tax and economic policies are limiting their profits, and thereby hurting their capacity to invest and hire more staff. They have become ensnarred in the red tape for which France is infamous—not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.(第二章 P59 第一段) 4. 浙江菜口味清淡,精致玲珑,是长江下游区域菜肴的代表。西湖醋鱼是其中的一道名菜。这道菜鲜美,酥嫩,带着自然的清香。中国乃至世界各地的中餐馆大都能找得到这道菜,但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般纯正。因为只有杭州拥有来自西湖的鱼和水。 Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.(第二章 P59 第二段) 5. 不管如何解释,工作与生活的平衡总是欧洲人的主要谈资,同时也是智囊团和政策制定者研究和考虑的主题。在美国,人们使用这个说法时总是带着几分针对那些吃蛋奶火腿馅饼的有闲人士才会表现出来的冷嘲热讽的态度。但是,它可能还是会流行起来的。时任《纽约时报》执行主编的比尔?凯勒曾鼓励员工们要给生活增加一些色彩,多陪陪家人或去欣赏艺术。 Whatever the explanation, the idea of a work-life balance is a staple of European discourse, studied