第二册 lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
第二册lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Joseph P. Blank
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词汇(Vocabulary)
hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour，often accompanied by torrential rains，and originating usually in the West Indian region飓风
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lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打
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pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打
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course (n.): a way of behaving；mode of conduct行为；品行；做法
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demolish (v.): pull down．tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc．)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭
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gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。嘶哑的
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batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)
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methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地
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main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管
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generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo发电机，发动机
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scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过
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mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc．床垫；褥子
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pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃
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disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块
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blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流)；一阵(风)
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douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上
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brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。。“unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队
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scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行；攀(登)
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litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog，cat or other animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物
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shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震颤，战栗
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ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty；ferociousness凶猛；凶恶，残忍；暴行
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swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow[口]猛击，重击
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maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境
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devastate (nv.): destroy；lay waste；make desolate毁坏,摧毁；使荒芜
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swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device 刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积)
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huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如风暴中的牛群)挤成一团；拥挤；互相紧贴
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slashing (a.): severe；merciless；violent严厉的；猛烈的
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implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech恳求，哀求，乞求
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bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures；a measure小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节); 小节
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trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，etc．渐弱；渐小；渐暗
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debri (复：debris)(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a stone，wood，glass，etc．，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾
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sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避难所，庇护所
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cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine family，having
clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance 雪松(属)
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extinguish (v.): put out(a fire，etc．)；quench；smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火)；扑灭
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waver v. swing or sway to and fro；flutter摇摆；摇晃；摇曳
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topple (v.): fall top forward；lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒；摇摇欲坠---------------------------------------------------------------------
lean—to (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building；a shed with a one—slope roof单坡屋顶；单坡屋顶的棚
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prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop支撑；维持；支持
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tilt (v.): aslope；incline；slant；tip倾斜；倾侧；翘起
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cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩；退缩
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slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level；slope(使)倾斜；(使)变歪
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hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠铰链转动(或附着)
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diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, etc.；lessen使变小；减少，缩减
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thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推
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strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatter．be scattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(布)；散播；被撒满(表面)
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festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc．饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于
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coil (v.): wind around and around成卷状；盘绕成卷
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salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，difficulty，destruction。etc．rescue救助；拯救；援救
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canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，as in a disaster area(在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处
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staffer (n.): a member of a staff职员
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rake (v.): scrape or sweep；move forward swiftly掠过；急速穿过；迅速向前移动
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rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about横冲直撞
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pitch (v.): [colloq](colloquial口语的) set to work energetically[口]拼命干起来，开始大干特干
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wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked残骸；漂浮物
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salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood, etc．抢救；打捞
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wrath (n.): intense anger；rage；fury愤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒
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the blues: [colloq] a depressed．unhappy feeling[口]沮丧；忧郁
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afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to；distress very much 使痛苦，使苦恼．折磨
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weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc．)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together焊接；熔接
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reflect (v.): think seriously；contemplate认真思考；沉思
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短语(Expressions)
reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径
例：Let’s reason this out instead of quarreling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案
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a good: at least，full至少，最少
例：They waited a good eight hours他们等了至少8个小时。
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sit out: stay until the end of坐到结束
例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out．我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。
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on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，濒临于
例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrough．科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。---------------------------------------------------------------------
break apart: break up into pieces-disintegrate裂开，分裂解散
例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake．地面在地震时裂开了。
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break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂
例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。
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come through:to continue to live，exist，be strong，or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous time经历过……仍活着，经历，脱险
例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through．约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是
很幸运的了。
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pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干
例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time．我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完---------------------------------------------------------------------
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习题全解
Ⅱ难句理解/回答问题
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1.Why did john koshak decide to stay and face the dangers of a devastating hurricane?
He didn' t think his family was in any real danger, His former house had been demolished by Hurricane Betsy for it only stood a few feet above sea level. His present house was 23 feet above sea level and 250 yards away from the sea. He thought they would be safe here as in any place else. Besides, he had talked the matter over with his father and mother and consulted his longtime friend, Charles Hill, before making his decision to stay and face the hurricane.
2.What does “Magna Product” mean stand for?
Magna Products is the name of the firm owned by John Koshak. It designed and developed educational toys and supplies.
3.Why did charlie think they were in real trouble when found the water tasted salty?
Charlie thought they were in real trouble because salty water was sea water. It showed the sea had reached the house and they were in real trouble for they might be washed into the sea by the tidal（定时涨落的、潮汐的）wave.
4. Why did grandmother koshak, at this critical moment, tell her husband she loved him?
At this Critical moment when grandmother Koshak thought they might die at any moment, she told her husband the dearest and the most precious thing she could think of. This would help to encourage each other and enable them to face death with greater serenity.
5. Why did john koshak feel a crushing guilt?
John Koshak felt a crushing guilt because it was he who made the final decision to stay and face the hurricane. Now it seemed they might all die in the hurricane.
6. Why did grandmother koshak ask the children to sing?
Grandmother Koshak asked the children to sing because she thought this would lessen tension and boost the morale of everyone.
7. What did janis understand when ohn put his arm around her?
.Janis knew that John was trying his best to comfort and encourage her for he too felt there was a possibility of their dying in the storm.
●Post-traumatic experience 创伤后遗症
●Put ... in perspective 用正确的态度对待...
●Apologetic 抱歉的
●Rationalize 使... 合理
●Anecdotal information 轶事
●Fatal 致命的
●Magnitude 量级；严重程度；大小
●FEMA：Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Ⅲ回答问题
1.This piece of narration is organized as follows. .introduction, development, climax, and conclusion. The first 6 paragraphs are introductory paragraphs, giving the time, place, and background of the conflict-man versus hurricanes. These paragraphs also introduce the characters in the story.
2. The writer focuses chiefly on action but he also clearly and sympathetically delineates the characters in the story.
3. John Koshak, Jr. , is the protagonist in the story.
4. Man and hurricanes make up the conflict.
5. The writer builds up and sustains the suspense(保持悬念)in the story by describing in detail and vividly the incidents showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane.
6. The writer gives order and logical movement to the sequence of happenings by describing a series of actions in the order of their occurrence.
7. The story reaches its climax in paragraph 27.
8. I would have ended the story at the end of Paragraph 27,because the hurricane passed, the main characters survived, and the story could come to a natural end.
9. Yes, it is. Because the writer states his theme or the purpose behind his story in the reflection of Grandmother Koshak: "We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important.
Ⅴ翻译21-27
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21 Seconds after the roof blew off the Koshak house, john yelled, "Up the stairs -- into our bedroom! Count the kids." The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. Grandmother Koshak implored, "Children, let's sing!" The children were too
frightened to respond. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.
柯夏克家的屋顶一被掀走，约翰就高喊道：“快上楼一一到卧室里去!数数孩子。”在倾盆大雨中，大人们围成一圈，让孩子们紧紧地挤在中间。柯夏克老奶奶哀声切切地说道：“孩子们，咱们大家来唱支歌吧!”孩子们都吓呆了，根本没一点反应。老奶奶独个儿唱了几句，然后她的声音就完全消失了。
22 Debris flew as the living-room fireplace and its chimney collapsed. With two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, John ordered, "Into the television room!" This was the room farthest from the direction of the storm.
客厅的壁炉和烟囱崩塌了下来。弄得瓦砾横飞。眼看他们栖身的那间卧室电有两面墙壁行将崩塌，约翰立即命令大伙：“进电视室去!”这是离开风头最远的一个房间。
23 For an instant, John put his arm around his wife. Janis understood. Shivering from the wind and rain and fear, clutching two children to her, she thought, Dear Lord, give me the strength to endure what I have to. She felt anger against the hurricane. We won't let it win.
约翰用手将妻子搂了一下。詹妮丝心里明白了他的意思。由于风雨和恐惧，她不住地发抖。她一面拉过两个孩子紧贴在自己身边，一面默祷着：亲爱的上帝啊，赐给我力量，让我经受住必须经受的一切吧。她心里怨恨这场飓风。我们一定不会让它得胜。
24 Pop Koshak raged silently, frustrated at not being able to do anything to fight Camille. Without reason, he dragged a cedar chest and a double mattress from a bed-room into the TV room. At that moment, the wind tore out one wall and extinguished the lantern. A second wall moved, wavered, Charlie Hill tried to support it, but it toppled on him, injuring his back. The house, shuddering and rocking, had moved 25 feet from its foundations. The world seemed to be breaking apart.
柯夏克老爹心中窝着一团火，深为自己在飓风面前无能为力而感到懊丧。也说不清为什么，他跑到一问卧室里去将一只杉木箱和一个双人床垫拖进了电视室。就在这里，一面墙壁被风刮倒了，提灯也被吹灭。另外又有一面墙壁在移动，在摇晃。查理.希尔试图以身子撑住它，但结果墙还是朝他这边塌了下来，把他的背部也给砸伤了。房子在颤动摇晃，已从地基上挪开了25英尺。整个世界似乎都要分崩离析了。
25 "Let's get that mattress up!" John shouted to his father. "Make it a lean-toagainst the wind. Get the kids under it. We can prop it up with our heads and shoulders!"
26 The larger children sprawled on the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer on top of them, and the adults bent over all nine. The floor tilted. The box containing the litter of kittens slid off a shelf and vanished in the wind. Spooky flew off the top of a sliding bookcase and also disappeared. The dog cowered with eyes closed. A third wall gave way. Water lapped across the slanting floor. John grabbed a door which was still hinged to one closet wall. "If the floor goes," he yelled at his father, "let's get the kids on this."
“我们来把床垫竖起来!”约翰对父亲大声叫道。“把它斜靠着挡挡风。让孩子们躲到垫子下面去，我们可以用头和肩膀把垫子大一点的孩子趴在地板上，小一点的一层层地压在
大的身上，大人们都弯下身子罩住他们。地板倾斜了。装着那一窝四只小猫的盒子从架上滑下来，一下子就在风中消失了。斯普琪被从一个嵌板书柜顶上刮走而不见踪影了。那只狗紧闭着双眼，缩成一团。又一面墙壁倒塌了。水拍打着倾斜的地板。约翰抓住一扇还连在壁柜墙上的门，对他父亲大声叫道：“假若地板塌了，咱们就把孩子放到这块门板上面。”
27 In that moment, the wind slightly diminished, and the water stopped rising. Then the water began receding. The main thrust of Camille had passed. The Koshaks and their friends had survived.
就在这一刹那间，风势稍缓了一些，水也不再上涨了。随后水开始退落。卡米尔号飓风的中心过去了。柯夏克一家和他们的朋友都幸存下来了。
Ⅵ解释词义
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1. main: a principal pipe or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc.
2.sit out: stay until the end of
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0f7473086.html,e by;(American English) pay a visit
4.blow in：burst open by the storm.
5.douse:put out(a light，fire，generator。etc。)quickly by pouring water over it
6.kill：(American English)to cause(an engine-etc．)to stop
7．swath：the space covered with one cut of a scythe;a long strip or track of any kind 8．bar：a measure in music；the notes between two vertical lines 0n a music sheet 9．1ean—to：a shed or other small outbuilding with a sloping roof．the upper end of which rests against the wall of another building
1 0．Seabee：a member of the construction battalions of the Civil Engineer Corps of the U．S．Navy，that build harbor facilities，airfields，etc．Seabee stands for CB, short for Construction Battalion．
IX. 作者动词用的好，列举十个并说出理由
1. "lash" as in ""'Camille lashed northwestward across tile gulf of Mexico". A vivid way to say "strike with great force".
2. "pummel" as in "It was certain to pummel Gulfport..."Because the word is originally applied to human beings, meaning "beat repeatedly with the fists".
3. "whip" as in "Wind and rain now whipped the house". Because it is more vivid than "fall heavily on".
4."kill" as in "the electrical systems had been killed by water". Because it leaves a deeper impression on the readers than "stop" does.
5. "inch one' s way" as in "Water inched its way up the steps …” It makes the readers also see clearly that water was rising little by little.
6. "bother" as in "no hurricane has ever bothered it". It virtually means "do damage to" here.
7. "lap" as in "John watched the water lap at the steps…", meaning "extend beyond some limit" or, in fact, "rise slowly".
8. "skim" as in "the hurricane ... lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40
feet through the air", which gives the readers a deep impression of how strong the wind was.
9."seize" as in "It seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank 1and dumped it 3ymiles away". It seemed as if the hurricane had a very strong and large hand.
10. "crack" and "snap" as in "Telephone poles and 20-inch thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them", providing the readers with a vivid picture of winds blowing violently.
X. 明喻暗喻拟人举例并说明原因
Simile:明喻
1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting
a fire)
2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train)
Metaphor :暗喻
1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea)
2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)
Personification :拟人
1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)
2. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 1/2miles away. (The hurricane acted as a very strong man lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3 1/2 miles away.).
Ⅺ
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Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described. Hence in a dramatic narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. For examples see the text, paragraphs 10-18 and 21-26.
Ⅻ第一段分析
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The topic sentence of paragraph 1 is "John Koshak, Jr. ,knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad. " This idea is developed or supported by facts or reasons showing how John Koshak, Jr. , knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad．The last sentence introduces some other characters in he story and serves as a transition to the next important point in the story—why John Koshak Jr．，decided not to abandon his home．