(精选)跨文化交际复习题

跨文化交际复习题：

1、跨文化交流障碍产生的原因有哪些？

2、试用霍夫斯泰德的文化价值理论来分析中美课堂的主要差异及原因。

3、试分析电视剧《小爸爸》第32集中（法庭审理）体现出的主要中美文化

差异。

4、试简要叙述文化的“洋葱论”和“冰山论”。

5、请简要阐述跨文化敏感度发展模式的6个阶段。

6、非言语交流方式有哪一些？列举几个国家非言语交流方式含义的差异。

7、国际礼仪的基本原则有哪些？

8、国际惯例、本国礼俗与入乡随俗之间的关系如何处理？请举例说明。

9、什么是着装的ＴＰＯ原则？

10、简述男士西装与女士套裙的着装规范。

11、见面介绍与行握手礼应遵从什么顺序？

12、名片的使用有哪些注意事项？

13、西餐的餐桌礼仪包含哪几个方面？试简述每一方面的主要规范。

案例分析题：

一、请运用非语言沟通的知识来分析以下案例。

【案例1】

Mark因为工作的原因从丹麦搬到悉尼做销售人员。三周后，他被邀请加入一个当地的俱乐部。最初的几周里，他总是要么坐在沙发里听别人聊天，要么站在角落里与人交谈，慢慢地他熟悉了俱乐部里的所有人。一天，在一个晚间聚会上，一位俱乐部女性成员走近他，他们开始很有兴致地谈论晚会的气氛。刚开始，

谈话的气氛很好，可是慢慢地Mark发现，这位女士正在慢慢地后退。她看上去明显很不安。正当Mark想跟她谈论一下澳洲人的风俗时，一位不远处的男士看了那位女士一眼，她如释重负地走过去开始和那位男士聊起来，留下Mark一个人疑惑地站在那里。

二、请用单一制时间观和多元制时间观来分析以下案例：

【案例2】

德国外教Nowak经常去一中国菜摊买菜，因为她的摊子品种多、态度好。这天他挑好了一颗西兰花，正犹豫再买点什么，听到摊主又在招呼其他顾客，他等了一会儿。只见摊主手脚麻利地给其他两个刚来的顾客过称、装袋、收钱。好容易轮到他，摊主一边为他称菜，一边又在试图招呼其他人。Nowak不高兴地说：“我是先来的，你应该先服务好我。”摊主笑着回答：“我看你半天没吱声，以为你还想挑点什么呢。我这不来了吗？！”Nowak回家的路上，一直觉得自己在这里是“老外”，太容易被人欺负了。

三、请用个体主义和集体主义价值观来分析以下案例：

【案例3】

飞利浦照明公司某区人力资源副总裁（美国人）与一位被认为具有发展潜力的中国员工交谈，想听听这位员工对自己今后五年的职业发展规划及期望达到的位置。中国员工并没有正面回答问题，而是开始谈论起公司未来的发展方向、公司的晋升体系，以及目前他本人在组织中的位置等，讲了半天也没有正面回答副总裁的问题。副总裁有些大惑不解，没等他说完已经有些不耐烦了，因为同样的事情之前已经发生了好几次，“我不过是想知道这为员工对于自己未来五年发展的打算，想要在飞利浦做到什么样的职位罢了，可为何就不能得到明确的回答呢”谈话结束后，副总忍不住向人力资源总监抱怨道，同时受到压力的员工也向总监诉苦，“这位老外怎么这么咄咄逼人？”作为人力资源总监，他明白双方之间不同的文化背景及由此引发的不同的沟通方式引起了隔阂，虽然极力向双方辩解，但要完全消除已经产生的问题却并不容易。

四、自行寻找案例，用中西思维方式的差异分析中西写作表达习惯的差异。

（注：专业文档是经验性极强的领域，无法思考和涵盖全面，素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。可复制、编制，期待你的好评与关注）

跨文化交际试题 附答案

《跨文化交际》试题（附答案） Paper 1 Communication Analysis ? The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.? ? Question 1 Case 1: Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant. Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it! Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.? ? Question 2 Case 2: Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory. Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong! Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job. Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure. Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music. Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment. Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game. Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment! Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.? ? Question 3 Case 3: This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.

跨文化交际期末试题[完整]

考试需知：考试前每一列学生把课本放在第一排。考试时间为2．5个小时，试卷1为闭卷考试，前面40分钟用于完成试卷1。待老师收上试卷1后，发下课本，学生做试卷2，试卷2 为开卷考试。可携带纸质词典进考场，不许携带电子词典及手机进考场。 Test Paper 1 Ⅰ. Filling the blanks: 1.Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality, the communication in the West is low-contextual while that in the East is high-contextual 2.Generally speaking, in terms of world views, the West adopts Dualistic view, while the East adopt s holistic view 3.Generally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the West follows Analytic and abstract thinking, while the East follows synthetic and concrete thinking 4.Generally speaking, in terms of discourse patterns, the West uses Deductive pattern, while the East uses inductive pattern 5In the Axial Age, the great thinkers in China are Confucius,

跨文化交际习题

跨文化交际习题

跨文化交际习题 1. 单选题：（1.0分） 在日本，喝汤时发出很大吮吸的声音会被认为是______。 A. 粗鲁而讨厌的 B. 你喜欢这种汤的表现 C. 在家里不要紧，在公共场合则不妥 D. 只有外国人才这么做 解答： B 参考答案： B 2. 单选题：（1.0分）

在日本，自动售货机里出售除下列哪一种饮料以外的所有其他饮料？ A. 啤酒 B. 加糖精的保健饮料 C. 加糖的咖啡 D. 美国公司生产的软饮料 解答： B 参考答案： B 3. 单选题：（1.0分） 在拉丁美洲，管理者______。 A. 一般会雇佣自己家族的成员 B. 认为雇佣中级家族成员是不合适的 C. 强调雇佣少数特殊群体员工的重要性

D. 通常雇佣比实际工作所需更多的员工 解答： A 参考答案： A 4. 单选题：（1.0分） 在拉丁美洲，人们______。 A. 认为交谈时和对方进行眼神交流是不礼貌的 B. 总是等到对方说完才开始说话 C. 身体接触次数比相似情况下北美商人多 D. 避免身体接触，因为这被认为是对个人隐私的侵犯解答： C 参考答案： C

5. 单选题：（1.0分） 马来西亚的主要宗教是______。 A. 佛教 B. 犹太教 C. 基督教 D. 伊斯兰教 解答： D 参考答案： D 6. 单选题：（1.0分） 在泰国______。 A. 男性之间挽手同行很常见

B. 男女之间在公共场合挽手很常见 C. 男女同行是很粗鲁的举止 D. 传统上男性和女性在街上遇见会互相亲吻解答： A 参考答案： A 7. 单选题：（1.0分） 在印度，进食时恰当的举止是______。 A. 用右手取食物，用左手吃 B. 用左手取食物，用右手吃 C. 取食物和吃都只用左手 D. 取食物和吃都只用右手 解答： D 参考答案： D

跨文化交际(胡超版)期末试题

跨文化交际(胡超版)期末试题

Test Paper Ⅰ. Filling the blanks: 1.G enerally speaking, in terms of contextuality, the communication in the West is low-contextual while that in the East is high-contextual 2.G enerally speaking, in terms of world views, the We st adopts Dualistic view, while the East adopts holistic view 3.G enerally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the West follows Analytic and abstract thinking, while the East follows synthetic and concrete thinking 4.Generally speaking, in terms of discourse patterns, the West uses Deductive pattern, while the East uses inductive pattern 5In the Axial Age, the great thinkers in China are Confucius, Lao Tze, Mo Tze, and the great thinker in India is Siddhartha Gautama, the great figure in Palestine are Hebrew prophets, and the great thinkers in the West are Plato, Homer and Archimedes Ⅱ. Choose the best answer: 1.Non-verbal messages are classified into two comprehensive categories: those that are primarily produced by the body, such as_________,________,_______; and those that the individual combines with the setting, such as _______, _______, _______.D A.physical contact, eye contact, paralanguage; space, time, man B.facial expression, touch, taste; space, time, silence C.appearance, movement, gesture; surrounding, occasion, man D.movement, smell, paralanguage; space, time, silence 2.In Chinese writing, there are usually more adjectives, proverbs and allusions than in English writing. Some Western scholars name this style “flowery”, stating that its aim is to give a more fanciful impression than information, and the information is usually of beauty, fragrance, happiness, and any other “goodness”aspects so as to attract people. We may term this style as_______-oriented. Western writing is more direct with objective inform ation. To them, much-repeated words may mean less after a while. We may term the Western writing as ________-oriented.C A. adjective, objective B. Chinese, Western C. impression, information C. indirect, direct 3. As to the human nature orientation, the traditional Western belief holds that _______, while the Asian people believe that_______.B A. basically good; basically bad B. evil but perfectible, basically good C. the mixture of good and evil; the mixture of good and evil; D. unknown 4. As to the Man-Nature orientation, the traditional Western belief holds that _______, while the Asian people believe that_______.D A. subjugation to nature; harmony with nature B. harmony with nature; mastery over nature

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

Unit 1 Page 22 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of study is based on a view of hi story that clearly demonstrates people and cultures have been troubled by a persistent i nability to understand and get along with groups and societies removed by space, ideol ogy, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about many of huma n civilization's failure is that they appear to be personal as well as global. The story of h umankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-face conflicts as well as international misunderstanding--major and minor quarrels that range from simple name-calling to i solationism or even armed conflict. It is obvious that increased contact with other cultures and subcultures makes it impe rative for us to make a concerted effort to get along with and to try to understand peop le whose beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our own. The ability, thr ough increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with people who do not necessarily share our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only in our own neigh borhoods but could be the decisive factor in maintaining world peace. 纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰 和行为举止上存在的差异，而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下，跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是，人类文明在 发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折，既是个人的，又是全球性的；人类历史进程总是充 满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义直至到武装冲突，大大小小争端不绝。 很显然，文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了，这迫切要求我们共同努力，去 理解有着不同信仰和文化背景的人们，并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解，我 们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处；这不但有益于我们周遭环境的 安定，也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming，our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows：it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It various from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with menbers of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in┄a reality that is taken for granted and rarely examined. it is in the air we breath and is as necessary to our understanding of who we are as air is to our physical life. Culture is the property of a community of people, not simply a characteristic of individuals. Societies are programmed by culture, and that programming comes from similar life experiences and similar interpretations of what those experiences mean. If culture is mental programming, it is also a mental map of reality. It tells us from early childhood what matters, what to prefer, what to avoid, and what to do. Culture

(精选)跨文化交际复习题

跨文化交际复习题： 1、跨文化交流障碍产生的原因有哪些？ 2、试用霍夫斯泰德的文化价值理论来分析中美课堂的主要差异及原因。 3、试分析电视剧《小爸爸》第32集中（法庭审理）体现出的主要中美文化 差异。 4、试简要叙述文化的“洋葱论”和“冰山论”。 5、请简要阐述跨文化敏感度发展模式的6个阶段。 6、非言语交流方式有哪一些？列举几个国家非言语交流方式含义的差异。 7、国际礼仪的基本原则有哪些？ 8、国际惯例、本国礼俗与入乡随俗之间的关系如何处理？请举例说明。 9、什么是着装的ＴＰＯ原则？ 10、简述男士西装与女士套裙的着装规范。 11、见面介绍与行握手礼应遵从什么顺序？ 12、名片的使用有哪些注意事项？ 13、西餐的餐桌礼仪包含哪几个方面？试简述每一方面的主要规范。 案例分析题： 一、请运用非语言沟通的知识来分析以下案例。 【案例1】 Mark因为工作的原因从丹麦搬到悉尼做销售人员。三周后，他被邀请加入一个当地的俱乐部。最初的几周里，他总是要么坐在沙发里听别人聊天，要么站在角落里与人交谈，慢慢地他熟悉了俱乐部里的所有人。一天，在一个晚间聚会上，一位俱乐部女性成员走近他，他们开始很有兴致地谈论晚会的气氛。刚开始，

谈话的气氛很好，可是慢慢地Mark发现，这位女士正在慢慢地后退。她看上去明显很不安。正当Mark想跟她谈论一下澳洲人的风俗时，一位不远处的男士看了那位女士一眼，她如释重负地走过去开始和那位男士聊起来，留下Mark一个人疑惑地站在那里。

二、请用单一制时间观和多元制时间观来分析以下案例： 【案例2】 德国外教Nowak经常去一中国菜摊买菜，因为她的摊子品种多、态度好。这天他挑好了一颗西兰花，正犹豫再买点什么，听到摊主又在招呼其他顾客，他等了一会儿。只见摊主手脚麻利地给其他两个刚来的顾客过称、装袋、收钱。好容易轮到他，摊主一边为他称菜，一边又在试图招呼其他人。Nowak不高兴地说：“我是先来的，你应该先服务好我。”摊主笑着回答：“我看你半天没吱声，以为你还想挑点什么呢。我这不来了吗？！”Nowak回家的路上，一直觉得自己在这里是“老外”，太容易被人欺负了。 三、请用个体主义和集体主义价值观来分析以下案例： 【案例3】 飞利浦照明公司某区人力资源副总裁（美国人）与一位被认为具有发展潜力的中国员工交谈，想听听这位员工对自己今后五年的职业发展规划及期望达到的位置。中国员工并没有正面回答问题，而是开始谈论起公司未来的发展方向、公司的晋升体系，以及目前他本人在组织中的位置等，讲了半天也没有正面回答副总裁的问题。副总裁有些大惑不解，没等他说完已经有些不耐烦了，因为同样的事情之前已经发生了好几次，“我不过是想知道这为员工对于自己未来五年发展的打算，想要在飞利浦做到什么样的职位罢了，可为何就不能得到明确的回答呢”谈话结束后，副总忍不住向人力资源总监抱怨道，同时受到压力的员工也向总监诉苦，“这位老外怎么这么咄咄逼人？”作为人力资源总监，他明白双方之间不同的文化背景及由此引发的不同的沟通方式引起了隔阂，虽然极力向双方辩解，但要完全消除已经产生的问题却并不容易。 四、自行寻找案例，用中西思维方式的差异分析中西写作表达习惯的差异。

跨文化交际与翻译真题·

跨文化交际与翻译真题2015.6.5临床专业 一、案例分析(答题说明：每题10分，合计10.0分。) 1. Situation: Two Americans, Bill and Tony, are talking about Tony’s unhappy experience with his Chinese college. Bill: Hi, Tony. How’re you doing? Tony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese colleagues. Bill: Oh, have a good time? Tony: Oh yes, very good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way they treated my present. You see, I know they like western music so I brought them back some of the latest tapes from the UK. Had them all wrapped up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and what do you think happened? Bill: What? Tony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just put them away in a corner. Didn’t even bother to unwrap them. I must say I felt a bit miffed after all the trouble I’d taken. 参考答案：答题点：Gift giving in the West 三、跨文化单选(答题说明：每题1分，合计15.0分。) C22. Cathy is talking to her friends Bill and Tod outside the cinema. Cathy: Well, what did you think of the film, then? Bill: Oh, I thought it was great. Didn’t you think so?

跨文化交际中手势语的差异

题目：跨文化交际中手势语的差异 ——以“翘拇指”“竖中指”“V”手势“OK”为例 摘要 非言语行为具有鲜明的文化特征，不同国家、民族对非言语行为的社会规范区别很大，甚至所表示的意义恰好相反。日常生活中人们进行交谈、沟通时，除了语言这个交际工具还有手势。手势语几乎随时随地伴着语言进行交往，起着关键的作用，有时也会代替语言甚至超越语言。人类的有些手势语具有相同性，但更多的手势语被赋予了文化的内涵，不同的文化背景赋予了不同的交际意义，以、翘大拇指、竖中指、“V”字形“OK”等手势为例解释说明。 Abstract Nonverbal behavior has distinct cultural characteristics,Different countries, ethnic groups are very different from the social norms of nonverbal behavior,even the express meaning is On the contrary. When People to talk and communicate in daily life,in addition to the language of communication tools there have gestures。Gesture language almost anywhere with the language of communication,plays a key

role.Sometimes it can transcend the language and even take the place of the language. human gestures have the same nature，but more signs are given the connotation of culture.different cultural backgrounds give different communicative meanings,wave、vertical thumb、“V”Shape as example to explain. 关键词：跨文化交际非言语行为手势语 Key words: intercultural communication nonverbal behavior gesture 手势语（gesture?language）是体态语中最基本也是最重要的一种。 法国心理学家休乐热强调手势语的重要作用：“人们交谈时说话本身的份 量只占7%，语调占38%，面部表情和手势占55%，有时候说千万句好听的 作为铺垫引出一个重点，但是一个不经意的手势就可以推翻之前所说的一切。”但是，不同的国家、民族、地区的手势语既有其同一性，更有其特 殊性。手势语的使用有习俗的差异，所以在交际中必须要小心使用，不然 就会引起冲突。下面举出一些常见的手势语在不同文化中的含义： 1.翘大拇指（?thumb up?） 翘大拇指的意思几乎在世界公认表示好、干的不错，一切顺利、非常 出色等类似的信息。家长对孩子、老师对学生、上级对下级常常会做出这 个手势表示认同鼓励。但竖大拇指的这个手势也有许多例外：在美国和欧 洲部分地区，如果你看到有人在公路上对开过来的车竖大拇指他的意思并 不是夸赞司机车技好，而是竖大拇指用来表示请求搭车；篮球比赛中，裁

跨文化交际 期末复习资料

Part 1 Comprehensive Check （15*2）每课的练习A Part 2 Multiple Choice （25*1）每课的练习E复习题的变体；另外请中看第五章 Part 3 E-C Translation（10*1）每课的练习C Part 4 Term-matching（10*1） Part 5 Multiple function（5*5）其中三道是简答题，两道是案例分析。 Terms/questions: 1. Economic globalization: the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology. 2. Barber system –Farming communities traded their surplus produce in exchange for products and services without the medium of money. –Human society has always traded goods across great distances. 3. Global village：real time events 、the time and space compression –All the different parts of the world form one community linked together by electronic communications, especially the Internet. 4. Melting-pot大熔炉: a socio-cultural assimilation of people of different backgrounds and nationalities. 5. Diversity: refers to the mix of people from various backgrounds in the labor force with a full mix of cultures and sub-cultures to which members belong. 6. Intercultural communication: refer to communication between people whose cultural backgrounds are distinct enough to alter their communication event. Perception 7. Culture: can been seen as shared knowledge, what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture. Culture: a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs, values, and norms, which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people 8. Enculturation(文化习得): all the activities of learning one’s culture are called enculturation 9. Acculturation(文化适应): the process which adopts the changes brought about by another culture and develops an increased similarity between the two cultures. 10. Ethnocentric(文化中心主义):the belief that your own cultural background is superior. 11. Communication: mean to share with or to make common, as in giving to another a part or share of your thoughts, hopes, and knowledge. 12. Components of Communication： Source交际邀请 The source is the person with an idea he or she desires to communicate. Encoding编码 Unfortunately (or perhaps fortunately), humans are not able to share thoughts directly. Your communication is in the form of a symbol representing the idea you desire to communicate. Encoding is the process of putting an idea into a symbol. Message编码信息 The term message identifies the encoded thought. Encoding is the process, the verb; the message is the resulting object. Channel交际渠道 The term channel is used technically to refer to the means by which the encoded message is transmitted. The channel or medium, then, may be print, electronic, or the light and sound waves of the face-to-face communication.

跨文化交际试题

1.Three international developments have made intercultural contact more pervasive (无处不在), they are .（D ） A. new technology and information system B. changes in the world’s population C. a shift in the world’s economic arena D. A, B and C 2.___C___ has evolved that lets societies share cultural experiences with one another as films are produced and shown around the world. A. Show business B. I.T. C. international film industry D. Mass media 3.__A____ in the United States, because they have been profoundly affected by population and immigration increases, are a primary setting for domestic intercultural contact. A. Schools B. Community C. Workplace D. club 4. It is difficult to find a single definition of human communication because__D____. A. the complex nature of communication B. the issue of intentionality C. the issue of unintentionality D. A, B and C 5. To Reusch and Bateson, communication often takes place __A___. A. without awareness B. consciously C. intentionally D. deliberately 6. Which of the statements of communication is not true? D A. Communication is dynamic https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0715672936.html,munication is symbolic https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0715672936.html,munication is Interpretive D. Communication is static 7. Communication has a consequence means that ___D___. A. Communication is irreversible B.Our response to message does not have to be immediate C. The nature of our responses to messages is rooted in our culture D. A, B and C 8. Which of the item is not the basic component of culture? C A. Values B. Emotions C. Personality D. Attitudes 9. We learn our culture not through __D______. A. proverbs B. art C. mass media D. self-taught 10.Although many aspects of culture are subject to change, the _B______ of a culture resists major alterations. A. history B. the deep structure C. background D. tradition 11. ___C___ is at the core of intercultural communication. A. sender B. receiver C. culture D. language 12. Although cultures change through several mechanisms, which of the following item is not the three most common ones.C A. Diffusion B. Acculturation C. Invention D. Innovation 13. One of the most difficult tasks for foreigners in learning a new language is learning the _____A____ and ________ in which they are used. A. different styles, the contexts B. grammar, accent C. different styles, the speech acts D. vocabulary, the pronunciation 14. Language is accompanied by a continuous flow of nonverbal communication, which involves not only ____ but also ____ and _____.B A. the tone, gaze, posture B. the voice, the face, the body C. the pitch, gaze, gesture D. the pace, the distance, touch 15. ___B__ is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory data in a way that enables us to make sense of our physical and social world. A. Interpretation B. Perception C. Analysis D. Understanding

(完整word版)跨文化交际考试题型

Intercultural communication paper I.Fill in the blanks to make the statements complete (25%) （共8小题，25个空格，每空1分） 1.There are roughly five types of communication: human communication, （） communication, human-animal communication, human-machine communication and machine-to-machine communication. 2.Past-oriented people tend to believe tradition is important. Present-oriented cultures maintain that the moment is the most significant. If you tend to look to the future and make plans, you are future-oriented. Generally speaking, Chinese are accepted as past-oriented while （）are thought to be future-oriented. … II.Choose one correct answer from the four choices （共20个单选，每个1分，共20分） 6.Socrates together with __________ and Aristotle are thought to be the founder of Western philosophy. Their emphasis is on self instead of on nature. From Socrates’ time, there is division from nature and man. A. Descartes B. Hegal C. Plato D. Archimedes 7.The Chinese Three Character Classics orients human nature as ________. A. good but corruptible B. evil but perfectible C . mixture of good and evil D. evil and corruptible 11. The ______ meditation is the most abstract of all because it is the thinking of thinking. Thinking becomes the subject of its own investigation. A. Hindu B. Chinese C. Greek D. Japanese 12. The ________ tends to use their reason as a spectacle in which to see the world. Hence thinking is the means to understand the world. A. Hindu B. Chinese C. Greek D. Japanese 13. The _________ tend to distinguish mind from body, people from nature, and God from Man, while the Chinese are used to looking at the world as a whole unit. A. Westerners B. Hindus C. Arabs D. Indonesians 17. The ______ discourse style is characterized as laying emphasis on impression rather than on information while the _________ discourse style features laying emphasis on information rather than on impression. A. Western…Chinese B. English…Korean C. American…Japanese D. Chinese…Westerners’ 18. Westerners are direct in expressing ideas while the Chinese are indirect. So the deductive (topic first) pattern is prevalent in _____ and the inductive (topic delayed) pattern is more accepted by the Chinese and other Asians. A. the West B. China C. Korea D. Japan 19. The function of nonverbal signs is sometimes indispensible. For example, placing your index finger to your lips as an alternative to saying “Please calm down so that I can speak” is a case of ________. A. complementing B. repeating C. contradicting D. substituting