新GRE issue官方范文汇总

GRE ?revised(新GRE) Issue 官方范文整理Materials:

1.

2. Practice Test Number 1GRE Practice Test 1 Complete (Zip)

3. POWERPREP? II sample essay responses (PDF)

4. OG

Topic List:

1.As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to

think for themselves will surely deteriorate.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.(1.p99)

2.“The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government,

industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim.

In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons or examples that could be used to challenge your position.(1.p108)

3.The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement above and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how those

considerations shape your position.(2)

4.“A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until

they enter college.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the

recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and

supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.(3) 5.The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the

recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and

supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position. (4) Note: All responses are reproduced exactly as written, including errors, misspellings, etc., if any. Issue test 1

As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

Essay Response — Score 6

The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact with a computer that processes information on silicon bridges that are .09 microns wide. Upon leaving home, family members will be reached through wireless networks that utilize satellites orbiting the earth. Each of these common occurrences could have been inconceivable at the turn of the 19th century.

The statement attempts to bridge these dramatic changes to a reduction in the ability for humans to think for themselves. The assumption is that an increased reliance on technology negates the need for people to think creatively to solve previous quandaries. Looking back at the introduction, one could argue that without a car, computer, or mobile phone, the hypothetical worker would need to find alternate methods of transport, information processing and communication. Technology short circuits this thinking by making the problems obsolete.

However, this reliance on technology does not necessarily preclude the creativity that marks the human species. The prior examples reveal that technology allows for convenience. The car, computer and phone all release additional time for people to live more efficiently. This efficiency does not preclude the need for humans to think for themselves. In fact, technology frees humanity to not only tackle new problems, but may itself create new issues that did not exist without technology. For example, the proliferation of automobiles has introduced a need for fuel conservation on a global scale. With increasing energy demands from emerging markets, global warming becomes a concern inconceivable to the horse-and-buggy generation. Likewise dependence on oil has created

nation-states that are not dependent on taxation, allowing ruling parties to oppress minority groups such as women. Solutions to these complex problems require the unfettered imaginations of maverick scientists and politicians.

In contrast to the statement, we can even see how technology frees the human imagination. Consider how the digital revolution and the advent of the internet has allowed for an unprecedented exchange of ideas. WebMD, a popular internet portal for medical information, permits patients to self research symptoms for a more informed doctor visit. This exercise opens pathways of thinking that were previously closed off to the medical layman. With increased interdisciplinary interactions, inspiration can arrive from the most surprising corners. Jeffrey Sachs, one of the architects of the UN Millenium Development Goals, based his ideas on emergency care triage techniques. The unlikely marriage of economics and medicine has healed tense, hyperinflation environments from South America to Eastern Europe.

This last example provides the most hope in how technology actually provides hope to the future of humanity. By increasing our reliance on technology, impossible goals can now be achieved. Consider how the late 20th century witnessed the complete elimination of smallpox. This disease had ravaged the human race since prehistorical days, and yet with the technology of vaccines, free thinking humans dared to imagine a world free of smallpox. Using technology, battle plans were drawn out, and smallpox was systematically targeted and eradicated.

Technology will always mark the human experience, from the discovery of fire to the implementation of nanotechnology. Given the history of the human race, there will be no limit to the number of problems, both new and old, for us to tackle. There is no need to retreat to a Luddite attitude to new things, but rather embrace a hopeful posture to the possibilities that technology provides for new avenues of human imagination.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 6

The author of this essay stakes out a clear and insightful position on the issue and follows the specific instructions by presenting reasons to support that position. The essay cogently argues that technology does not decrease our ability to think for ourselves, but merely provides "additional time for people to live more efficiently." In fact, the problems that have developed alongside the growth of technology

In further examples, the essay shows how technology allows for the linking of ideas that may never have been connected in the past (like medicine and economic models), pushing people to think in new ways. Examples are persuasive and fully developed; reasoning is logically sound and well supported. Ideas in the essay are connected logically, with effective transitions used both between paragraphs ("However" or "In contrast to the statement") and within paragraphs. Sentence structure is varied and complex and the essay clearly demonstrates facility with the "conventions of standard written English (i.e., grammar, usage and mechanics)," with only minor errors appearing. Thus, this essay meets all the requirements for receiving a top score, a 6.

Essay Response — Score 5

Surely many of us have expressed the following sentiment, or some variation on it, during our daily commutes to work: "People are getting so stupid these days!" Surrounded as we are by striding and strident automatons with cell phones glued to their ears, PDA's gripped in their palms, and omniscient, omnipresent CNN gleaming in their eyeballs, it's tempting to believe that technology has isolated and infantilized us, essentally transforming us into dependent, conformist morons best equipped to sideswip one another in our SUV's.

Furthermore, hanging around with the younger, pre-commute generation, whom tech-savviness seems to have rendered lethal, is even less reassuring. With "Teen People" style trends shooting through the air from tiger-striped PDA to zebra-striped PDA, and with the latest starlet gossip zipping from juicy Blackberry to teeny, turbo-charged cell phone, technology seems to support young people's worst tendencies to follow the crowd. Indeed, they have seemingly evolved into intergalactic conformity police. After all, today's tech-aided teens are, courtesy of authentic,

hands-on video games, literally trained to kill; courtesy of chat and instant text messaging, they have their own language; they even have tiny cameras to efficiently photodocument your fashion blunders! Is this adolescence, or paparazzi terrorist training camp?

With all this evidence, it's easy to believe that tech trends and the incorporation of technological wizardry into our everyday lives have served mostly to enforce conformity, promote dependence, heighten comsumerism and materialism, and generally create a culture that values self-absorption and personal entitlement over cooperation and collaboration. However, I argue that we are merely in the inchoate stages of learning to live with technology while still loving one another. After all, even given the examples provided earlier in this essay, it seems clear that technology hasn't impaired our thinking and problem-solving capacities. Certainly it has incapacitated our behavior and manners; certainly our values have taken a severe blow. However, we are inarguably more efficient in our badness these days. We're effective worker bees of ineffectiveness!

If T\technology has so increased our senses of self-efficacy that we can become veritable agents of the awful, virtual CEO's of selfishness, certainly it can be beneficial. Harnessed correctly,

how to provide technology users with some direly-needed direction.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 5

The language of this essay clearly illustrates both its strengths and weaknesses. The flowery and sometimes uncannily keen descriptions are often used to powerful effect, but at other times this descriptive language results in errors in syntax. See, for example, the problems of parallelism in the second-to-last sentence of paragraph 2 ("After all, today's tech-aided teens ...").

There is consistent evidence of facility with syntax and complex vocabulary ("Surrounded as we are by striding and strident automatons with cell phones glued to their ears, PDA's gripped in their palms, and omniscient, omnipresent CNN gleaming in their eyeballs, it's tempting to believe..."). However, such lucid prose is often countered by an over-reliance on abstractions and tangential reasoning. For example, what does the fact that video games "literally train [teens] to kill" have to do with the use or deterioration of thinking abilities?

Because this essay takes a complex approach to the issue (arguing, in effect, that technology neither enhances nor reduces our ability to think for ourselves, but can do one or the other, depending on the user) and because the author makes use of "appropriate vocabulary and sentence variety," a score of 5 is appropriate.

Essay Response — Score 4

In all actuality, I think it is more probable that our bodies will surely deteriorate long before our minds do in any significant amount. Who can't say that technology has made us lazier, but that's the key word, lazy, not stupid. The ever increasing amount of technology that we incorporate into our daily lives makes people think and learn every day, possibly more than ever before. Our abilities to think, learn, philosophize, etc. may even reach limits never dreamed of before by average people. Using technology to solve problems will continue to help us realize our potential as a human race.

If you think about it, using technology to solve more complicating problems gives humans a chance to expand their thinking and learning, opening up whole new worlds for many people. Many of these people are glad for the chance to expand their horizons by learning more, going to new places, and trying new things. If it wasn't for the invention of new technological devices, I wouldn't be sitting at this computer trying to philosophize about technology. It would be extremely hard for children in much poorer countries to learn and think for themselves with out the invention of the internet. Think what an impact the printing press, a technologically superior mackine at the time, had on the ability of the human race to learn and think.

Right now we are seeing a golden age of technology, using it all the time during our every day lives. When we get up there's instant coffee and the microwave and all these great things that help us get ready for our day. But we aren't allowing our minds to deteriorate by using them, we are only

Using technology to solve our continually more complicated problems as a human race is definately a good thing. Our ability to think for ourselves isn't deteriorating, it's continuing to grow, moving on to higher though functions and more ingenious ideas. The ability to use what technology we have is an example

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 4

This essay meets all the criteria of a level-4 essay. The writer develops a clear position ("Using technology to solve our problems will continue to help us realize our potential as a human race"). The position is then developed with relevant reasons ("using technology to solve more complicat[ed] problems gives humans a chance to expand their thinking and learning" and "we are seeing a golden age of technology").

Point 1, "using technology," is supported with the simple but relevant notion that technology allows us access to information and abilities to which we would not normally have access. Similarly, point 2, the "golden age," is supported by the basic description of our technologically saturated social condition. Though the overall development and organization of the essay does suffer from an occasional misdirection (see paragraph 3's abrupt progression from coffee pots to the benefits of technology to cars), the essay as a whole flows smoothly and logically from one idea to the next.

It is useful to compare this essay to the level-3 essay presented next. Though both essays entail some surface-level discussion and often fail to probe deeply into the issue, this writer does take the analysis a step further. In paragraph 2, the distinction between this essay and the next one (the level-3 response) can most clearly be seen. To support the notion that advances in technology actually help increase thinking ability, the writer draws a clever parallel between the promise of modern, sophisticated technology (computer) and the actual "impact" of equally "promising" and pervasive technologies of the past (printing press).

Like the analysis, the language in this essay clearly meets the requirements for a score of 4. The writer displays sufficient control of language and the conventions of standard written English. The preponderance of mistakes are of a cosmetic nature ("trying to solve more complicating problems.") There is a sentence fragment ("Going off ...") along with a comma splice ("Our ability ... isn't deteriorating, it's continuing to grow ...") in paragraph 3. However, these errors are minor and do not interfere with the clarity of the ideas being presented.

Essay Response — Score 3

There is no current proof that advancing technology will deteriorate the ability of humans to think. On the contrary, advancements in technology had advanced our vast knowledge in many fields, opening opportunities for further understanding and achievement. For example, the problem of dibilitating illnesses and diseases such as alzheimer's disease is slowing being solved by the

the possibility to reverse the onset of alzheimer's is now becoming a reality. This shows our initiative as humans to better our health demonstrates greater ability of humans to think.

One aspect where the ability of humans may initially be seen as an example of deteriorating minds is the use of internet and cell phones. In the past humans had to seek out information in many different enviroments and aspects of life. Now humans can sit in a chair and type anything into a computer and get an answer. Our reliance on this type of technology can be detrimental if not regulated and regularily substituted for other information sources such as human interactions and hands on learning. I think if humans understand that we should not have such a reliance on computer technology, that we as a species will advance further by utilizing the opportunity of computer technology as well as the other sources of information outside of a computer. Supplementing our knowledge with internet access is surely a way for technology to solve problems while continually advancing the human race.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 3

This essay never moves beyond a superficial discussion of the issue. The writer attempts to develop two points: that advancements in technology have progressed our knowledge in many fields and that supplementing rather than relying on technology is "surely a way for technology to solve problems while continually advancing the human race." Each point, then, is developed with relevant but insufficient evidence. In discussing the potential of technology to advance knowledge in many fields (a broad subject, rife with possible examples), the writer uses only one limited and very brief example from a specific field (medicine and stem-cell research).

Development of the second point is hindered by a lack of specificity and organization. The writer creates what might be best described as an outline. The writer cites a need for

regulation/supplementation and warns of the detriment of over-reliance upon technology. However, the explanation of both the problem and solution is vague and limited ("Our reliance ... can be detrimental. If humans understand that we should not have such a reliance ... we will advance further"). There is neither explanation of consequences nor clarification of what is meant by "supplementing." This second paragraph is a series of generalizations that are loosely connected and lack a

much-needed grounding.

In the essay, there are some minor language errors and a few more serious flaws (e.g., "The future ability of growing new brain cells" or "One aspect where the ability of humans may initially be seen as an example of deteriorating minds"). Despite the accumulation of such flaws, the writer's meaning is generally clear. Thus, this essay earns a score of 3.

Essay Response — Score 2

meaning is one of the fashion issues in thesedays. There are many symptoms and resons of it.

However, I can not agree with the statement that the technology make humans to be reluctant to thinkng thoroughly.

Of course, you can see the phenomena of human laziness along with developed technology in some place. However, they would happen in specific condition, not general. What makes human to be laze of thinking is not merely technology, but the the tendency of human that they treat them as a magic stick and a black box. Not understanding the aims and theory of them couses the disapproval problems.

The most important thing to use the thechnology, regardless the new or old, is to comprehend the fundamental idea of them, and to adapt suit tech to tasks in need. Even if you recognize a method as a all-mighty and it is extremely over-spec to your needs, you can not see the result you want. In this procedure, humans have to consider as long as possible to acquire adequate functions. Therefore, humans can not escape from using their brain.

In addition, the technology as it is do not vain automatically, the is created by humans. Thus, the more developed tech and the more you want a convenient life, the more you think and emmit your creativity to breakthrough some banal method sarcastically.

Consequently, if you are not passive to the new tech, but offensive to it, you would not lose your ability to think deeply. Furthermore, you may improve the ability by adopting it.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 2

The language of this essay is what most clearly links it to the score of 2. Amidst sporadic moments of clarity, this essay is marred by serious errors in grammar, usage and mechanics that often interfere with meaning. It is unclear what the writer means when he/she states, "To be lazy for human in some meaning is one of the fashion issues in thesedays," or "to adapt suit tech to tasks in need."

Despite such severe flaws, the writer has made an obvious attempt to respond to the prompt ("I can not agree with the statement that the technology make humans to be reluctant to thinking thoroughly") as well as an unclear attempt to support such an assertion ("Not understanding the aims and theory of them [technology] couses the disapproval problems" and "The most important thing to use the thechnology ... is to comprehend the fundamental idea of them"). On the whole, the essay displays a seriously flawed but not fundamentally deficient attempt to develop and support its claims. (Note: In this specific case, the analysis is tied directly to the language. As the language falters, so too does the analysis.)

Essay Response — Score 1

so clearly their thinking process is deterioating.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response — Score 1

The essay is clearly on topic, as evidenced by the writer's usage of the more significant terms from the prompt: "technically" (technologically), "humans," "thinking" (think) and "deteriorating" (deteriorate). Such usage is the only clear evidence of understanding. Meaning aside, the brevity of the essay (one sentence) clearly indicates the writer's inability to develop a response that follows the specific instructions given ("Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement above and explain your reasoning for the position you take").

The language, too, is clearly level 1, as the sentence fails to achieve coherence. The coherent phrases in this one-sentence response are those tied to the prompt: "Humans have invented machines" and "their thinking process is deteriorating." Otherwise, the point being made is unclear.

Issue test 2

“The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition.”

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons or examples that could be used to challenge your position.

Essay Response – Score 6

Whenever people argue that history is a worthless subject or that there is nothing to be gained by just “memorizing a bunch of stupid names and dates,” I simply hold my tongue and smile to myself. What I’m thinking is that, as cliche as it sounds, you do learn a great deal from history (and woe to those who fail to learn those lessons). It is remarkable to think of the number of circumstances and situations in which even the most rudimentary knowledge of history will turn out to be invaluable. Take, for example, the issue at hand here. Is it better for society to instill in future leaders a sense of competition or cooperation? Those who have not examined leaders throughout time and across a number of fields might not have the ability to provide a thorough and convincing answer to this question, in spite of the fact that it is crucial to the future functioning of our society. Looking closely at the question of leadership and how it has worked in the past, I would have to agree that the best way to prepare young people for leadership roles is to instill in them a sense of cooperation.

Let us look first at those leaders who have defined themselves based on their competitiveness. Although at first glance it may appear that a leader must have a competitive edge in order to gain and then maintain a leadership position, I will make two points on this subject. First, the desire to compete is an inherent part of human nature; that is, it is not something that needs to be “instilled” in young people. Is there anyone who does not compete in some way or another every single day? You try to do better than others in your school work or at the office, or you just try to do better than

need to look that far to fi nd less extreme examples (i.e., Hitler is not the extreme example that disproves the rule). The recent economic meltdown was caused in no large part by the leaders of American banks and financial institutions who were obsessed with competing for the almighty dollar. Tiger Woods, the ultimate competitor in recent golfing history and in many ways a leader who brought the sport of golf to an entirely new level, destroyed his personal life (and perhaps his career--still yet to be determined) by his overreaching sense that he could accomplish anything, whether winning majors or sleeping with as many women as possible. His history of competitiveness is well documented; his father pushed him froma very early age to be the ultimate competitor. It served him well in some respects, but it also proved to be detrimental and ultimately quite destructive.

Leaders who value cooperation, on the other ahnd, have historically been less prone to these overreaching, destructive tendencies. A good case in point would be Abraham Lincoln. Now, I am sure at this point you are thinking that Lincoln, who served as President during the Civil War and who refused to compromise with the South or allow secession, could not possibly be my model of cooperation! Think, however, of the way Lincoln structured his Cabinet. He did not want a group of “yes men” who would agree with every word he said, but instead he picked people who were more likely to disagree with his ideas. And he respected their input, which allowed him to keep the government together in the North during a very tumultuous period (to say the least). My point in choosing the Lincoln example is that competitiveness and conflict may play better to the masses and be more likely to be recorded in the history books, but it was his cooperative nature that allowed him to govern effectively. Imagine if 109the CEO of a large company were never able to compromise and insisted that every single thing be done in exactly her way. V ery quickly she would lose the very people that a company needs in order to survive, people with new ideas, people ready to make great advances. Without the ability to work constructively with those who have conflicting ideas, a leader will never be able to strike deals, reach consensus, or keep an enterprise on track. Even if you are the biggest fish in the pond, it is difficult to force your will on others forever; eventually a bigger fish comes along (or the smaller finish team up against you!).

In the end, it seems most critical for society to instill in young people a sense of cooperation. In part this is true because we seem to come by our competitive side more naturally, but cooperation is more often something we struggle to learn (just think of kids on the playground). And although competitive victory is more showy, more often than not the real details of leadership come down to the ability to work with other people, to compromise and cooperate. Getting to be President of the United States or the managing director of a corporation might require you to win some battles, but once you are there you will need diplomacy and people-skills. Those can be difficult to learn, but if you do not have them, you are likely to be a short-lived leader.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 6

This outstanding response earns a score of 6 for presenting an insightful position on the issue and supporting its analysis with compelling reasons and persuasive examples. The response takes the insight-ful position that competition, though necessary to some aspects of leadership, is less important for young people to learn because it is inherent in the human condition and can lead to dangerous excesses, where-as cooperation is more difficult to learn but more essential. The response follows the task directions by using counterarguments in the development of its

nuances of both cooperation and competition, building its position of agreement with the prompt by looking closely at many sides of both concepts. Additionally, the response demonstrates superior facility with language. There are a few minor errors, mainly typos, but in general the response demonstrates excel-lent sentence variety and diction. This sentence is typical of the quality of the writing throughout the response: “My point in choosing the Lincoln example is that competitiveness and conflict may play better to the masses and be more likely to be recorded in the history books, but it was his cooperative nature that allowed him to govern effectively.” In this complex sentence, the writer makes skillful use of parallel structure and subordination. Because of its fluent writing and insightful development, then, this response earns a score of 6.

Essay Response – Score 5

Cooperation, the act of working as a group to achieve a collective goal, is an important value for young children to learn. Another vital life lesson children can learn is how to be competitive, which is a mindset in which a person feels the need to accomplish more than another person. Both are necessary to become well rounded individuals, but concerning preparing for a future in government, industry or various other fields, a sense of cooperation is much more important. While not all children are overly competitive in nature, every person has some level of competitive drive inside them. This is a natural thing and is perfectly normal. Unfortunately, if this competitive nature is emphasized, the child will have problems relating socially to other children, and subsequently, will have issues interacting with adults later in life. A fierce competitive drive will blind an individual, causing them to not see situations where group effort will be more greatly rewarded than an individual effort. Take for instance the many teams of people working for NASA. If the people that make up these teams were all out to prove that they were superior to others, our entire space program would be jeapordized. One needs to look beyond the scope of what is best on an individual level and learn to look at what will most benefit a broad group of people. This is where instilling a sense of cooperation in young children is vital. Cooperation is taught at an early age and must be emphasized throughout life to fully embrace the concept.

In the world of sports a competitive drive is vital; unfortunately, life is not a sports game that simply leads to a winning or losing score. Life is far more complex than this simple idea and there is no winner or loser designation to accompany it. We all have to work together to come to a conclusion that will assist 110not just ourselves, but others and future generations. In every scenario there will be individuals that have brilliant ideas, but those ideas require other people to build upon, perfect and impliment. Take for instance Bill Gates; Bill Gates is responsible for the Microsoft coorporation which he invented in his garage. His competitive drive assisted in building his idea, but it was the collaborative effort of many people that helped propel his invention into the world known product it is today. Without the cooperation of others, his genius invention might never have made it out of his garage. It may be true that an individual can change the world, but only so far as to say that an individual can construct an idea that will inevitably change the world. Once an idea is formulated, it then takes a team of people working collectively towards a common goal to make sure that the brillant, life-altering idea makes it to furtuition. Without the cooperation of many, an idea could simply remain as a picture on a drawing board. It is because of this possibility that instilling a cooperative demeanor in children is much more important than developing a competivie

be said for a sense of cooperation.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 5Arguing that cooperation is less natural and more important for leadership, this response develops a thoughtful position on the issue and conveys meaning clearly and well. For these reasons it earns a score of 5. Note that it does not develop its reasons and examples as thoroughly as the sample 6 does, but it still presents thoughtful analysis using well chosen examples. For example, the discussion of Bill Gates is thoughtful, exploring the ways that both competition (the “competitive drive” that led him to found a company) and cooperation (the “collaborative effort of many people” is what made the company work) were essential to his success as a leader. Throughout the response, then, counterarguments are used to create a nuanced position on the issue. The writer looks at conflicting aspects of competition, which is vital but insufficient for life because life is “more complex” than a sporting event, and cooperation, which is critical but more difficult to learn. In addition, the writer conveys meaning clearly, demonstrating sentence variety and a facility with language that is more than adequate. There are a few minor errors, mainly typos and misspelled words, but language control in this response is more than adequate (e.g., “One needs to look beyond the scope of what is best on an individual level and learn to look at what will most benefit a broad group of people.”). Because of its facility with language and its thoughtful position on the issue, this response earns a score of 5.

Essay Response – Score 4

When the generation of today matures, it is important for them to succeed and become the successful leaders in government, industry and other fields. There are many traits that leaders must possess, and cooperation is one of these very important characters. Nonetheless it is important for leaders to have a sense of competition, so as to prevent themselves from be-ing complacent with their position.

Cooperation is needed in order to be a functional person in society, while still adhering to social standards. Most leaders in society, did not start out as such. A person cannot isolate themselves from others with demeanor and attitude and expect to become an executive. While there may be leaders that have developed this ill attitude towards others, they did not get there by being that way. A person who is able to effectively cooperate with others, will subsequently develop a nexus of supporters. Through collaboration, people are able to develop their studies further and better themselves. However, it is still important for there to be a sense of competition. Competition is the root of motivation for most. It drives us to become stronger, smarter, and to want more. Nonetheless, the spirit of competition must also be reigned in, and not be allowed to run wild. Competitiveness can lead to abuse of power and distasteful actions, which is quite the opposite of someone who displays cooperativeness.

Some may argue that competition is not needed. That those that are meant to be leaders will not become complacent, because they have their own internal drive to lead. If there was no competition, there would be no world records. Michael Phelps may not be a leader of government or industry, but he is certainly educated on the technique of swimming, and leader in his field. Would he be as good as he is today if there was not competition? Would the leaders of Microsoft have been motivated to create Bing if there was no Google? 111Cooperation helped many leaders get where they are today, and will continue to do so in the future. But leaders, as well as those that aspire to be one, all need to have a sense of competition as well.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 4

This adequate response presents a clear position on the issue

task, arguing that both competition and cooperation are important for leaders. The

counterarguments both in the construction of its overall position (comparing the value of both competition and cooperation) and in its discussion of the positive and negative aspects of competition. However, the development of ideas in this response is not as thorough or as persuasive as one would expect to see in a response that earns a score of 5 or 6. For instance, the example of Microsoft inventing Bing to compete with Google is certainly relevant, but it is not developed with any thoughtfulness. It is simply stated. Other examples are somewhat more fully developed, but there is also some tangential material (e.g., even the writer seems to understand that Michael Phelps does not quite fit into a discussion of leadership). In addition to its adequate development, this response displays adequate control of language. This response does not have the sentence variety or the skillful diction seen in a response that earns a higher score. There are some minor errors present, but nothing that interferes with clarity. Because this response presents a clear position on the issue, expressing meaning with adequate clarity, it earns a score of 4.

Essay Response – Score 3

Leadership is a tough task to master.To be a leader means you must be better than a bunch of folks and work with them to accomplise a greater goal.Leadership in any feild needs cooperarive effort and a leader must be able to inspire and make the human resourse at hand to work better.In doing so there is a far cry of an immense responsibility.I therefore stand by taking help from inmates to do the same.

Like the say ‘when going gets tough the tough gets going’.So there is no point of getting bogged down rather plan more ways to get the work done and one of the sureshot approach is by working together.I believe to the core of my heart that there can be nothing equal to cooperation and unity in a work field.As simple as it sounds if one can do a work in hermit atmosphere at certain efficiency, a number of brains working toghether can be more effi cient.An atmosphere where everyone works holding hands and when someone falls there are people to make him stand again makes a much better picture in my mind everytime.

Compitition is not a evil it can inspire some one to work better and looking to do better can be considered good.But am afraid what fear here is that when you compete with someone you set you limits to that person.So once you do better than him/her you tend to be relaxed and that is where when the real evil creeps in.

With cooperation you have a goal and associated effort to work for the same.Rather than individual petty and competition to be better placed than an friend it would be far more appreciable to keep working for the common goal.That way even the goal gets more defined at some level.So lets all drop all this boundaries of indivisualism and keep working for a common goal,and if you want to compete then compete with yourself and get better than what you were yesterday.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 3

This response displays some competence in presenting a position according to the task directions, but it earns a score of 3 because frequent minor errors do interfere with clarity. The writer agrees with the prompt that cooperation is more important, and it explores some counterarguments in its assertion that competition “can inspire some one to work better and looking to do better can be considered good.” How-ever, almost every sentence in this response has at least one minor error. Some of the errors are typos or minor mechanical problems like missing spaces after punctuation. But other errors have

down rather plan more ways to get the work done and one of the sureshot approach is by working together.” Because of its limited clarity, then, this response earns a score of 3.Essay Response – Score 2Both a sense of cooperation and competition is needed to be a good leader. If one is focused on competition and ignores or refuse to work with others then there would be problems for that leader. A 112leader needs to be able to get along, cooperate and know how to interact with others and allies. Treaties and allies require cooperation. Trade agreements and aid as well. A leader cannot achieve much alone. Competition is also needed to encourage people to be the best. If no one does there best to obtain a goal how would a leader be chosen. What kind of leader would that make? The best way for a society to prepare its young is to instill a sense of both competition and cooperation.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 2

This response earns a score of 2 for its seriously limited development. There is a clear position on the issue, as the writer argues that the “best way for a society to prepare its young is to instill a sense of both competition and cooperation.” However, the writer provides few, if any, relevant reasons or examples to support and develop this position. The discussion of cooperation is supported only by very generic assertions like the notion that “treaties and allies require cooperation.” And there is even less development in the discussion of competition. In order to receive a higher score, the response would need to provide more support for its position. Language control in this response is adequate, but the response earns a score of 2 because of its seriously limited development.

Essay Response – Score 1

Best way for a socity to prepare it’s young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of coopertion, not competition. This statement is very true, whether we mean leadership in government, industry, or any other fields. For leadership in government, industry, or other fields some people argue that the best way for society to prepare it’s young people is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation. Other people argue that the best way is through competition. It can be diffi cult for many people to decide between these two choices. There are many arguments that support both sides. I fully agree that the best way is to instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition.

Reader Commentary for Essay Response – Score 1

This response earns a score of 1 because it demonstrates little evidence of the ability to develop a position on the issue. Instead of developing a position, the response simply repeats the language of the prompt, adding some generic language that could be applied to any Issue prompt. For example, consider these sentences: “It can be difficult for many people to decide between these two choices. There are many arguments that support both sides.” This is a totally generic analytical framework that has not been filled in with any specifi c exploration related to this prompt. The writer is clearly making an attempt to respond to the prompt, and the final sentence does seem to indicate a position on the issue. So the response does not merit a score of 0. However, the vast majority of the response is simply repetition of language from the prompt and/or generic material. Thus, it earns a score of 1. Issue test 3

The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things.

Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement above and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how those considerations shape your position.

The following sample issue response received a score of 6: Passion is clearly necessary for a truly great idea to take hold among a people—passion either on the part of the original thinker, the audience, or ideally both. The claim that the most lucrative subject matter for inspiring great ideas is “commonplace things” may seem initially to be counterintuitive. After all, aren’t great ideas usually marked by their extraordinary character? While this is true, their extraordinary character is as often as not directly derived from their insight into things that had theretofore gone unquestioned. While great ideas certainly can arise through seemingly pure innovation... say, for example, Big Bang cosmology, which developed nearly all of its own scientific and philosophical precepts through its own process of formation, it is nevertheless equally true that such groundbreaking thought was, and is, still largely a reevaluation of previous assumptions to a radical degree... after all, the question of the ultimate nature of the universe, and man’s place in it, has been central to human thought since the dawn of time. Commonplace things are, additionally, necessary as material for the generation of “the best ideas” since certainly the success among an audience must be considered in evaluating the significance and quality of an idea.

The advent of Big Bang cosmology, which occured in rudimentary form almost immediately upon Edwin Hubble’s first observations at the Hooker telescope in California during the early 20th century, was the most significant advance in mankind’s understanding of the universe in over 400 years. The seemingly simple fact that everything in the universe, on the very large scale, is moving away from everything else in fact betrays nearly all of our scientific knowledge of the origins and mechanics of the universe. This slight, one might even say commonplace, distortion of tint on a handful of photographic plates carried with it the greatest challenge to Man’s general, often religiously reinforced, conception of the nature of the world to an extent not seen since the days of Galileo. Not even Charles Darwin’s theory, though it created more of a stir than Big Bang cosmology, had such shattering implications for our conceptions of the nature of our reality. Yet it is not significant because it introduced the question of the nature of what lies beyond Man’s grasp. A tremendous number of megalithic ruins, including the Pyramids both of Mexico and Egypt, Stonehenge, and others, indicate that this question has been foremost on humankind’s collective mind since time immemorial. Big Bang cosmology is so incredibly significant in this line of reasoning exactly because of the degree to which it changed the direction of this generally held, constantly pondered, and very ancient train of thought.

Additionally, there is a diachronic significance to the advent of Big Bang cosmology, which is that, disregarding limitations such as the quality of optical devices available and the state of

merely depended upon the degree of it that a person happens to inherit, a pace that has been

in time or another—it cannot have been happening constantly or have never happened yet still be present—and this point in time does have its own significance. That significance is precisely the fact that the aforementioned advent must have occurred at precisely the point in time at which it truly could have occured—that is to say, it marks the point in our history when we had progressed sufficiently to begin examining, with remarkable substantiated acuity, the workings of the universe across distances that would take millions of human lifetimes to reach or to traverse. The point for the success of this advent must necessarily have been, additionally, the point at which the audience concerned was capable and prepared to accept such a radical line of reasoning.

Both factors, a radical, passionate interpretation of the commonplace and the preparedness to accept such an interpretation, are necessary for the formulation of a truly great idea. If the passion is absent from an inquiry by the thinker or by the bulk of an audience, the idea will die out if it comes to fruition at all. If the material is not sufficiently commonplace to be considered by an informed audience of sufficient size, the same two hazards exist. Given these two factors, the idea must still be found palatable and interesting by the audience if it is to hope to gain a foothold and eventually establish itself in a significant fashion.

Comments on sample essay receiving score of 6:

This outstanding response presents a cogent, well-articulated analysis of the complexities of the issue by arguing that (1) great ideas develop from commonplace observations that are interpreted in a radical way; and (2) passion is required of both thinkers and the audience in order for great ideas to take hold.

The argument is based on an extended example (Big Bang cosmology) and has two parts. The first part defines “commonplace things” as universal questions (i.e., the quest to understand the cosmos is commonplace, though complex, because it is an ancient and universal question) and places Big Bang cosmology in context with the scientific breakthroughs of Galileo and the Pyramids of ancient Mexico and Egypt.

The second part explains Big Bang as the result of a convergence of factors: both thinkers and the audience must be ready to reevaluate “previous assumptions” and accept “radical, passionate interpretations.”

The argument’s careful line of reasoning is strengthened by appropriate transitions between paragraphs (“Additionally,” “Both factors, a radical, passionate interpretation of the commonplace and the preparedness to accept such an interpretation, are necessary for the formulation of a truly great idea,” etc.) and within paragraphs (“Not even Charles Darwin’s,” “Yet,” “that is to say,” etc.). Fluent and precise language—advent, rudimentary, diachronic, shattering implications, megalithic ruins—and effective sentence variety also characterize this response as outstanding. Finally, despite the presence of minor errors (overuse of comma and inconsistent use of ellipses in paragraph 1), this response demonstrates facility with the conventions of standard written English.

The following sample issue response received a score of 5:

The statement above comes from the perspective that the best thinkers, inventors, and innovators are the way that they are because they explore passionately the interesting things around them. Yes, I would say that this is definitely true.I understand best the things that interest me, but it

is only the things with which I am familiar with and understand in my surroundings. It would be difficult to take passionate interest in the things which I did not have available in my environment.

For example, let’s consider some “idea” people in history. The person who invented the basketball hoop, or the game of volleyball, or ice skates, all had interest in those things before they had their brilliant ideas. I do know that the inventor of the basketball hoop used to coach a basketball team of young boys, and they would throw the ball into a fruit basket that was nailed to the wall. Obviously, a basket has a bottom to it, and they would have to fish it out after every successful throw. So he had the brilliant idea of cutting out the bottom of the basket. It seems so simple to us now, but nobody had ever played basketball like that in his day.

The phrase, “commonplace things” can be rather misleading, I believe. I think every person has slightly different “commonplace things” in their environment depending on their interests, their financial status, and availability of items. What is commonplace for one person may never be known by another. I take passionate interest in things having to do with sewing using patterns, fabrics and threads. However, my mother and grandmother are excellent seamstresses and I had the availability of learning from them. It was a “commonplace thing” for me. I have had some wonderful ideas come out of my passion for this kind of art.

Orville and Wilbur Wright had a passionate interest in things having to do with flight, a rather ordinary thing for the sorts of birds who can fly with their wings, but certainly not people. If I had lived during the Wright brothers’ time, I would probably not have had the same passionate interest in figuring out how to make humans fly, because it is not something that I would have thought possible. But their dreams and visionary possibilities were much bigger than mine would have been at that time. They not only had a passionate interest but they were willing to experiment, to risk financial ruin and ridicule, and even put their lives on the line. So while it is true that the best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commplace things, there also has to be an element of daring to challenge “norms” and not being able to just accept things as they are. There has to be a desire to make things better and to improve on the present.

There also has to be the element of not being afraid of failure. Most ideas do inevitably fail. Einstein is viewed today as being one of the most brilliant thinkers and “idea” people in all of history. But nobody really talks about how many times his ideas failed. The number is quite amazing. Many people are afraid of failure, so even though they make take a passionate interest in something commonplace, and have some great ideas, they may never carry them through because of uncertainty that they would work. We must be willing to try!

So, yes, it is true that the best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things, because these are the things that we know, these are the things that we understand, and the things that

that fail from the ones that will triumphantly succeed.

Comments on sample essay receiving score of 5:

This strong response presents a well- considered analysis of the complexities of the issue by arguing that great ideas come, not only from a passionate interest in the commonplace, but also from great imagination and a willingness to succeed.

The logic of the response unfolds very smoothly: paragraph 3 explores the term “commonplace” and offers support for the prompt’s position; paragraphs 4 and 5 discuss the related issues of imagination, willingness to experiment, and overcoming failure. The examples are well chosen and generally well developed.

Paragraph 2 offers a relevant, though predictable, sports example (invention of basketball hoop) to examine how commonplace things/familiarity can spark great ideas. A personal example is used in paragraph 3 to further explore the definition of “commonplace” and illustrate how the term is relative to financial status and availability (though only the concept of availability is developed in this example). Paragraph 2 logically extends into paragraph 3, and the same connection is seen between paragraphs 4 and 5.

In paragraph 4 the Wright brothers are used to argue that great ideas also come from imagination and a willingness to experiment. The final example, in which Einstein is offered to illustrate the necessity of overcoming failure, is not as fully developed as the others. The respondent does not explain what failures Einstein endured or how he overcame them, which makes the example less compelling. Overall, the analysis demonstrated in the examples is “perceptive and clear,” but not “insightful and cogent” as required for a score of 6. While the response expresses ideas clearly, using appropriate vocabulary and sentence variety, it does not use language as fluently and precisely as would a typical 6. Occasional wordiness/ awkwardness could be avoided with more precise diction (e.g., “There also has to be the element of not being afraid of failure,” or “I have had some wonderful ideas come out of my passion for this kind of art”).

The following sample issue response received a score of 4: In agreement with the statement, many great inventions have come from individuals interested

in commonplace things. Out of simplicity arises great ideas, and I would consider commonplace things to be simplistic. However, it is hard to say that the “best” ideas arise from passion in commonplace things, because one could argue that the best ideas involve interest in remarkable things, which is what makes them the “best” ideas.

If the statement is viewed from the standpoint of all ideas from the beginning of civilization, then the statement holds true. Examples of commonplace things are food and shelter. If a person had an abundance of food and needed to transport it, they may have the idea to weave a basket or make

shelter. From passionate interest in the common shelter a person may have come up with brilliant ideas about structures, architecture, and construction.

In concern with the opposing view that the best ideas arise from remarkable things, one could argue that best ideas are medical breakthroughs and all other aspects of Science. Working with substances and molecules and creating ions and isotopes is not a commonplace thing. However, it is what the people who make the scientific breakthroughs have passionate interest in expanding.

Looking at the big picture, I would say that if people did not have “passionate interest in commonplace things”, then the idea that led us to the remarkable things would have never occurred. If that is true then the statement holds true because the best ideas do arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things. Though some older ideas may seem obsolete now, there was a time that without those ideas, we would still be in the dark ages.

Overall, I agree with the statement. The best ideas do arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things. Though I do not consider medical breakthroughs coming from interest in commonplace things, our species appears to be reaching the point in which cancer and AIDS could be considered a commonplace thing. If that is true, then when someone finds a cure for cancer or AIDS it will be one of the best ideas arising from a passionate interest in a commonplace thing. Once again reinforcing the truth of the statement.

Comments on sample essay receiving score of 4:

This response presents a competent analysis and conveys meaning adequately.

Paragraph 2 offers appropriate and adequately developed examples from “the beginning of civilization” to illustrate how commonplace needs inspire innovation: the need to transport food led to the invention of woven baskets and, eventually, the invention of the wheel; similarly, the need for shelter that drove “Cro-Magnon” to the caves eventually inspired “brilliant ideas about structures, architecture, and construction.”

Paragraph 3, which explores the “opposing view” (the best ideas arise from remarkable things), is less developed. The respondent claims that the best ideas are “medical breakthroughs and all other aspects of Science,” without explaining what is meant by “Science” or why these types of ideas are the “best.” Does “Science” include engineering, computer sciences, and the social sciences? Why are advances in science and medicine better than advances in religion the arts, or philosophy? The response also fails to acknowledge the commonplace interests (e.g., desire to improve quality of life) that drive medical/scientific research. While the response addresses two sides of the issue, it never delves into complexity the way a 5 or 6 would.

developed and supported with well-chosen examples, could lead to complex analysis. However, the conclusion is merely stated, loosely supported with generalities, and then further confounded by shaky logic in paragraph 5.

Ideas are expressed with reasonable clarity and the response generally demonstrates control of language. It is lack of complexity and logical development that keep this response from earning a higher score.

The following sample issue response received a score of 3: How do new knowledge came into being? Sometimes it stemed from exsiting knowledge. Sometimes it was born all out of sudden. Both ways seem work well. As I see through this question, I believe that what plays a key role in creating new ideas is a passionate interest.

Throughout history, a myriad of examples help prove the importance of interest. Edison, the greatest inventors in the world, possessed a sharp interest ever since his childhood. In his eyes, every common things were full of mysteries. It was his unique interest which helped him look into the machanism of things around therefore new iders came into his mind and, changed into conceret machines facilitating our lives. Another famous example is that of Newton. A riped apple from a tree fell onto his head one afternoon. For ordinary people, this kind of trivial instance would slip off their mind at once. However, Newton lost hisself in thought of the relation between objects. Finally he found gravitation and opened up a new era of physics.

On the other hand, without interest, the opportunity of great discoveries will pass by. Most people are experiencing ordinary lives everyday. Why don’t they come up with great ideas? Because interest is a state of skeptism, a state in which we do not stop to disclose the truth beneath a surface of commonplaces. Interest means the ability to explore the internal corelations. Therefore, with a passiontae interest, those commonplace things are no longer commonplace, and new ideas are created.

From what have been discussed above, we can see that interest serves as force to propell the exploration of unknowns, to perfect the structure of human knowledge, and to move towards the ultimate truth.

Comments on sample essay receiving score of 3:

This limited response demonstrates some competence in its analysis and in conveying meaning but is obviously flawed.

毕业论文写作要求及安排

湖北民族学院外国语学院2016届毕业生论文撰写安排及要求 毕业论文写作是本科教学中的重要环节，每个学生必须按学校的有关规定完成论文写作和论文答辩，获得相应学分，方能毕业。为保证论文写作的质量，明确论文写作的步骤要求，现将论文写作的各项事宜安排如下： 一、选题 1、2015年6月1日--2015年6月10日，选择论文写作方向，并随机确定指导教师； 2、2015年7月3日前，所有学生必须主动与指导老师交流汇报，确定选题，拟定论文提纲并书面提交指导老师。逾期未交者视为放弃论文写作，不能毕业； 3、选题方式：学院提供各方向备选论文题目，也允许自选论文题目。学院提供的备选论文题目见外国语学院网站。 二、开题 4、2015年7月15日前，所有学生必须在指导老师同意后，完成开题报告并上交教学科备案。逾期未开题者视为放弃论文写作，不能毕业； 三、论文写作 5、2015年10月1日前，必须提交初稿。无特殊情况未按时提交者，不能参加优秀论文评选 6、2015年11月1日前，完成第二稿；

7、2015年12月30日前，完成论文定稿，并按要求打印一式三份交指导老师。迟于此日期者，指导老师可不按期给成绩，该生推迟毕业； 8、所有学生必须于12月30日前上交答辩申请 四、论文答辩 9、拟定于2016年3月上旬，论文答辩；具体时间另行通知； 上述日程为外国语学院统一安排。学生若不遵照执行，指导老师有权决定不再继续指导，后果由该生自负。 五、论文写作要求 参见《湖北民族学院外国语学院本科毕业生毕业论文写作指南》可在湖北民族学院外国语学院网页资源下载中下载 网址https://www.sodocs.net/doc/083340891.html,/wyxy/ 外国语学院教学科 二○一五年五月二十五日

苦尽“美”来_新材料作文范文700字_材料作文

苦尽“美”来_新材料作文范文700字 【材料】 以“痛苦与美丽”为话题的作文 一、阅读下面材料，按要求作文： 有一只蚌对另一只蚌说：“我真是痛苦不堪，那又重又粗的砂粒在我体内滚来滚去，常常使我痛得不能休息。” 另一只蚌骄傲自得地回答说：“谢天谢地，我体内没有被砂粒折磨的痛苦，我里里外外都很舒服。” 此时有一只螃蟹经过，听到两只蚌的对话，便对那只骄傲的蚌说：“是啊！你是很舒服，但是却一无所得;而你的朋友忍受痛苦的结果，却将生出一颗非常美丽的珍珠。” 请以“痛苦与美丽”为话题，写一篇文章，不少于800字，文体不限。 【范文】 苦尽“美”来 蚌“制造”珍珠是一陈痛苦，一颗珍珠是一片美丽。农民春耕播种是一片痛苦，秋收是一片美丽。攀山涉水是一片痛苦，饱览名山大川是一片美丽。 “不是一番寒彻骨，争得梅花扑鼻香”。这句话对于学生是一句自勉的话。对于一个成绩不太理想的学生来说，尤为重要。回想自己这么多年来的学习排除一些客观因素，自己成绩不理想的主要原因是没有经过“一番寒窗苦”。一分耕耘，一分收获。“耕耘”确实是痛苦，但是痛苦“耕耘”之后的收获是如此的美丽。对于我们来说，应该“苦几年，不苦一辈子”。 春秋后期，吴、越两国是两个互相争霸的诸侯，双方互相混战多年，他们之间值得后人称赞的是勾践的臣薪尝胆。勾践被夫差打败之后，立志复国，不惜身为夫差马前卒，为夫差尝粪便治病，这对于当时的统治者来说，可谓是极大的耻辱和痛苦。正是因为这些痛苦，造就了勾践一雪国耻的美丽。南唐后主李煜整日吃虽

玩乐，荒废了对国家的治理，贪图了一时舒服，最后却成为亡国奴。痛苦往往造就美丽，而享受常常造成痛苦。 一个种麦子的农夫每天祈祷上帝年年不要有大风雨、冰雹、虫害。后来上帝答应了他一年的请求。农夫本以为麦穗会比平常多一倍。但是收获时麦穗竟是瘪瘪 的，没有什么籽粒…麦子之所以会变成这样，是因为它避开了所有的痛苦的考 验。一些风雨是必要性的，烈日是必要的，甚至蝗虫也是必要性的，因为它们可以唤醒麦子内在的灵魂。 人的灵魂也和麦子的灵魂一样，如果没有任何考验，人也只能是一个空壳而已。 每一个人，从出生分娩时，就开始面对各种痛苦考验所带来宝贵的人生特质。痛苦就是经历的任何考验，人生特质就是痛苦之后的美丽。只要我们能经受往痛苦的考验，不就会苦尽“美”来吗？ 2 忍受痛苦，拥抱美丽_新材料作文范文700字 【材料】 以“痛苦与美丽”为话题的作文 一、阅读下面材料，按要求作文： 有一只蚌对另一只蚌说：“我真是痛苦不堪，那又重又粗的砂粒在我体内滚来滚去，常常使我痛得不能休息。” 另一只蚌骄傲自得地回答说：“谢天谢地，我体内没有被砂粒折磨的痛苦，我里里外外都很舒服。” 此时有一只螃蟹经过，听到两只蚌的对话，便对那只骄傲的蚌说：“是啊！你是很舒服，但是却一无所得;而你的朋友忍受痛苦的结果，却将生出一颗非常美丽的珍珠。” 请以“痛苦与美丽”为话题，写一篇文章，不少于800字，文体不限。 【范文】 忍受痛苦，拥抱美丽

关系型材料作文

关系型材料作文 关系型材料作文审题立意 所谓“关系”型材料作文，就是题目材料中有一组或多组概念，这些概念处在一定的关系之中。例如2014年上海卷“穿越沙漠”这道考题中，有“可以选择穿越沙漠的道路和方式”“必须穿越这片沙漠”，以及“自由”“不自由”两组关系；浙江卷作文题 的关系是“门与路”，辽宁卷作文题的关系是“霓虹灯与繁星”，福建卷作文题的关系是“空谷·悬崖峭壁·栈道桥梁”。此外，2013年全国课标乙卷的“切割钻石”、上海卷的“重要的事情 与更重要的事”、辽宁卷的“沙子变珍珠”、湖北卷的“上善若水任方圆”，2012年江西卷的“‘要想到你拥有什么’与‘要想到你没有什么’”、浙江卷的“路边鼓掌与路上奔跑”，以及2011年上海卷的“‘一切都会过去’与‘一切都不会过去’”等，其“关系” 型材料作文的特点都比较明显。 审读此类文题的题意时，我们必须利用系统论的观点，把相关概念置于一定的关系之中，才能整体把握材料的核心内涵，精准地确定立意点，确保过好审题、立意关。 一、从梳理关系入手，有效把握供料内涵 近年来，多省市高考材料作文的命题中，大都做了这样

的要求——“选好角度，确定立意……不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文”。这样就对材料和作文之间的关系做了明确的规定：材料是作文的起点，也是作文的范围；多角度审题一定要在材料的内容和含意范围之内。也就是说无论哪个角度，都不能孤立地存在，而要从某个角度出发，统筹整个材料的内容或引发的思考。换言之，多角度审题不能理解为断章取义或瞎子摸象。对于“关系”型材料作文题而言，审题的第一 个步骤，就是明确材料中包含着哪组（哪些）关系，进而洞悉考题隐含的方向与命制意图。 【试题解析1】 （南通市2014届三模）阅读下面的材料，根据要求写 一篇不少于800字的文章。 人皆可以为尧舜。（《孟子》） 完成伟大事业的人，起初并不伟大。（爱默生） 保持一颗平凡的心，做出不平凡的事业。（舒婷） 要求：选好角度，确定立意，明确文体（除诗歌外）， 自拟标题；不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。 【审题指要】

SAT写作范文推荐

三立教育https://www.sodocs.net/doc/083340891.html, SAT写作范文推荐 写作对考生来说是一大挑战，下面小编就南北战争为大家带来写作范文 Civil War Ross K. In the Civil War, General Robert E. Lee of the United States of the Confederacy, was on a winning streak against the armies of the United States of the Union. At the battle of Gettysburg, in Pennsylvania, the Confederate armies outnumbered the Union soldiers barricading themselves inside the town. General Lee created battle tactics and strategies for the assault on Gettysburg. Through his extensive planning and military genius, Robert E. Lee was confident that his battalions would overtake the Union. However, during this decisive battle, Robert E. Lee's strategies failed the Confederacy, and the unexpected happened; Ulysses S. Grant and the Union armies defeated Lee. Even though General Lm planned thoroughly, Lee did not expect the Union to retreat to Cemetery Hill where they would have the advantage of elevation. Both sides suffered major casualties, but it was the Union that won the battle.

新材料作文范例(800字)

高二语文期中考试材料作文范例 【审读材料】 这是一段叙述性材料，注意分析事件的前因后果。要抓住记叙的要素概括材料的主要内容：邮差长年奔波在荒凉的路上，心情低落到极点，为改变这种境遇，他买野花种子播洒于路，结果收获了季季繁花（隐含结果：心情转变，快乐，幸福，充满了希望）。从中提炼出关键词：荒凉——心情低落——播种——繁花——心情快乐。从中可以发现前后的对照变化：荒凉与繁花、心情低落与心情快乐，这种变化存在因果关系，心情的变化是由于环境的变化，变化的关键在于邮差播种了野花种子而收获了繁花，这种变化趋向于积极向上，由此我们可以认识到，材料反映出的是追求积极向上的人生态度。 【立意分析】 对材料深意的把握，必须从整体上感知，不能只截取片段或词句忽视前因后果。 1．从事件因果关系角度分析： （1）良好的环境可以营造好的心态，创造美好（幸福、快乐）人生。 （2）播种美（快乐、希望、幸福等）收获美（快乐、希望、幸福等）。“播种”这一行为是心情（境）发生变化的转折点，正因为邮差的播种才能收获繁花。注意这里的播种与收获的事物必须是正面的能对人生起积极导向作用的，而且“播种”不能等同于付出，限定了面向群体性，在广大的范围内发挥广泛的作用。

2．从因素的对照关系角度分析： 人生境遇不顺时（荒凉——心情低落），要以积极的心态去改造生活、美化生活（播种野花——心情快乐）。常常听到不少人抱怨生活没有情调，抱怨工作枯燥无味，与单位里的同事很难相处，容易被别人排挤、孤立；在家里有时被老人训斥，连个笑脸都不给，总觉得生活和自己过不去;抱怨没有好的身世背景，没有聪明的头脑，没有好的运气；遇到困难挫折时，抱怨命运的不公等等。听到他们的抱怨时，同情之余，总觉得他（她）的人生光抱怨不行，消极等待不行，必须以积极的心态去设法改变这种种窘况。邮差孤独寂寞的走在荒路上近二十年，虽曾经心情低落，但他没有一味消沉，还是积极 主动地去寻求改变当前境况的途径，播种野花就是一种积极的心态，结果收获的是惬意的人生，工作、生活不再单调乏味。 3．从因素的比喻意义角度分析： 荒凉的路可比喻为：人生路上的逆境，包括挫折、困难、迷惑、苦闷、孤独等一切不顺。野花（种子）可比喻为：希望（梦想）、快乐、理想（信念）、乐观等一切积极向上的人生态度。 由此，可立意为：携着希望（快乐、理想等）走好人生之路，勇敢地迎接生活的挑战，走出人生的困境。

新sat作文范文

Is the Vietnam War a wise choice? Martin Luther King Jr., the famous leader of the African-American Civil Rights Movement, stated his opinion that it was totally wrong to start that war. Meanwhile, in order to strengthen his opinion, rhetorical devices, such as parallel, contrast, irony, personal anecdote, quotation, were utilized in his speech, which made his speech more persuasive and evoked the audience to stand by his side Throughout the whole passage, the use of contrast presented two extreme opposite sides, which highlighted the difference and conflicts between what is shown on TV screens to the reality of the society; the rhetorical device of parallel showed strong artistic expression of contend, which strengthened the speaker’s point of view concerning how the miserable situation the poor are facing with; it is the personal anecdote illustrated an undeniable truth of his own experience of convincing angry young men that described his opinion

新材料作文范文3篇

新材料作文范文3篇 新材料作文是指比传统材料作文提供更广阔材料的，便于考生多角度立意的，给考生留更大发挥空间的作文。新材料作文范文应该怎么写? 缺口，不是成功的绊脚石，而是成功的动力，成功源于寻找缺口。 缺口是我们追求成功路上所遇的荆棘，如同路人在采摘玫瑰时所遇的刺儿;缺口是我们奔赴成功彼岸的风浪，如同大海上的帆船远航所遇的惊涛拍岸。缺口能激起我们的斗志昂扬。[金无足赤，人无完人。我不能说缺口是什么，只能像什么。没缺口的成功不是精彩的，没有缺口的成功不是真正的成功。如果没有缺口，那么这个世界就完美，可是太多的完美会褪变为平庸，只会成为人生的遗憾。 缺口能提醒追梦者怎样追求成功，巴尔扎克总是只用缺口的杯子，他为何如此奇怪，原来，他用有缺口的杯子，是指引、提醒自己，无论写了多少作品，这些作品上都有一个缺口，以此来激励自己写下一部，将这个缺口补上去。不断地寻找自己的缺憾来勉励自己让巴尔扎克在文坛享有盛名。出guo的确如此，如果我们能清醒的认识到缺口并不断改进，缺口也能化为成功的动力。寻找缺口是为一个成功找突破口，如果说通往成功有捷径，我觉得寻找缺口就是其基础，寻找缺口是通向成功的基石。 不断寻找缺口，不遗留遗憾。沉香的尊贵源于人们对沉香的美丽外表的迷惑，渴望在其内部找到缺口，人们在沉香树上砍出缺口，

让他有缺憾，可树脂顺着伤口溢出……形成沉香这一高级香料。这样的缺口也是一种美与内涵，这样的缺口有时候会造就另一类成功。大仲马轻狂年少时总是自卑且无为，可是他在突破自己缺口时发现了自己在写作方面的优点，并树立自信，最终名享世界，如果不寻找缺口那不就落得遗憾终身了。项羽虽是一代枭雄却不反省其身，不正视自己的缺口，最终未能展示其雄风，成就霸业。所以，如果我们寻找缺口并突破它，我们将看到成功的光芒，如果我们淹没缺口，我们就只会一厥不振，惨遭失败。 扬鞭寻找缺口奔赴人生的每一个成功，带着缺口而非遗憾迎接一个个挑战吧! 人创造了社会，所以什么样的社会取决于人。有人说这个社会需要相互间的关爱，有人说是信任支撑这个时代，但我觉得要将视角缩小到个人，我们便会发现个人的责任之于时代犹如灵魂之于人类，不可或缺。坚守责任，让生命变得厚重。 20世纪初，美国的弗兰克开办了一家银行，却不幸遭到抢劫导致破产，但他决定带着妻子和女儿偿还那笔天文数字的债务。我想义务是一个无形的圆，圆之外的伟大便是责任结出的果实。弗兰克的决定出于他强烈的责任心，虽然法律并不要求他偿还，但他认为在道德上应该给储户们一个交代。从弗兰克的身上，我们看到的是良知、责任和伟大。 抚今追昔，无论是历史故人，还是当今社会的普通人，他们之中总有一些在无声地坚守着责任。北宋文学家范仲淹在《岳阳楼记》

关系型作文

关系型话题作文 一、认识关系型作文 所谓（二元）关系型作文，就是由两个或两个以上的词语或短语组合而成的一种作文形式，具体操作的过程中必须兼顾文题构成的各个要素，清楚地点明其间关系。常见的关系有并列、对立、从属、因果和递进等，而这些关系中，都包含辩证的、矛盾的关系。就拿高中语文必修教材第二册所收史铁生的《我与地坛》来说，其文题就可以看成是一个典型的二元关系型题目，行文中作者就很好兼顾了“我”与“地坛”这两个要素：一方面具体描述了“我”在地坛的所见所闻所为所思，另一方面又深刻地交代了“地坛”给我的人生感悟，使我完成了生命意义的思考，让我走出了人生的低谷、鼓足了生命的勇气，从而揭示了两个要素间的关系，即“地坛是我的精神家园”。 1、从近几年的高考作文题来看，关系型作文命题形式主要有三种： Ⅰ、考题明确给出话题，并且这个话题是一个并列式短语。 如高考作文题“位置与价值”“凤头、猪肚、豹尾”“一步与一生”等。 Ⅱ、考题明确给出话题，但话题不是用并列短语，而是用表关系式的词语组成。 如高考作文题“今年花胜去年红”“双赢的智慧”等。 Ⅲ、没有明确给出话题，但从所给的材料中可以归纳出关系型的话题。 如从2005年湖北省高考作文所给的材料中，我们可以归纳出“出与入”的话题。 2、构成关系型题目的各要素间的关系大多呈现出一种开放性，其思维方向、价值取向都不是唯一的。如2003年高考作文话题“感情的亲疏和对事物的认知”，就可从不同角度作不同理解：①从正面看，感情的亲疏有助于对客观事物的认识。由此可谈及融洽的人际关系、良好的人文环境及情人眼里出西施，真挚的感情引导健康的审美意识（爱憎分明）。②从反面看，感情的亲疏有害于对客观事物的认识。由此可谈及任人唯亲、偏信则暗、徇情枉法、有失公允及恨乌及屋等。③全面地看，感情有亲有疏，但对客观事物的认知不能受情感亲疏而左右。 二、关系型作文话题要素之间的关系主要有以下几种： 1、对立统一关系： 即构成题目的各要素单一来看是对立矛盾的，但实质上它们又相互依存、相辅相成、和谐统一。也可称之为无此无彼式。如“自由与纪律”这个作文题，辩证唯物主义告诉我们，没有“自由”无所谓“纪律”，没有“纪律”也就没有“自由”，二者对立统一。当然，根据这种关系可变通理解为：没有纪律，就不可能有真正的自由；人要有自由，但自由要受纪律约束。 2、是非取舍关系： 即指关系型题目的诸要素之间是一是一非、一对一错的关系，对它们只能有所取舍选择。也可称之为有此无彼式。如“偏见与关爱”，我们应理解为“要消除偏见，勇于关爱”，若作其他理解则是不科学的。 3、并非绝对关系： 即指构成题目的诸要素之间存在着某种关系，但这种关系不是一成不变的。也可称之为有此未必有彼式。如“痛苦与成功”这个话题，我们可理解为“成功

项目管理论文写作日程安排事宜

项目管理论文写作日程安排事宜你们好！ 很高兴成为你们项目管理毕业论文的指导老师。你们在开题日听了李老师讲授有关论文写作内容的讲座。下面老师将毕业论文时间安排及要求再做简要说明。 1.发去论文格式电子版，（注意此只是论文格式模板，不是论文写作提纲，论文撰写一定要参看相关教材并搜集相关实际研究项目资料）。论文进度计划表中的时间是论文的理论时间，论文各表格填写的理论时间，老师已经在电子版 中标注出来，时间你们不要变动。 请参照此格式和发给你们的论文写作手册要求写论文。如果此电子版格式与发给你们的论文写作手册格式不一致，以发给你们的论文写作手册格式为准。 论文表格填写的理论时间 封面日期：2016年04月08日 任务书：下达日期2015.12.10，完成日期2016.4.8 进度计划表：2015年12月10日—2016年4月8日 答辩完成时间：2016年4月14日～15日 我们规定的写论文具体进度是：12月20日交初稿；1月20日交定稿；2月16日~17日交打印的纸质版论文至办学点；3月初进行论文答辩（初步确定） 2.12月20日交初稿，直接发给老师，就不要发给组长了。交包括封面、任务书、进度计划表、三张评分表、摘要、关键词、目录、正文、参考文献、致谢全部内容的初稿，格式应基本符合论文格式规范。不要发给老师草稿，切记。老师在15天左右时间将以批注方式提出修改建议的论文回复给你们，你们再按照修改建议仔细修改。 再有发邮件时请在主题中标注地区姓名。如天津吴颖；论文文件名以地区姓名命名，如天津吴颖，以附件形式发送。老师不回复手机短信，请见谅。如果有问题需要电话询问请在每周一至周四晚上7:30至9:00打，谢谢。 请认真学习发给你们的论文写作手册相关内容.最后，提醒一下，论文一定是自己搜集资料，进行整理写出的，千万不能照搬、抄袭以往同学的论文，否则论文答辩时一经查出，不予通过。

月新SAT官方新样题第一时间解读：满分写作范文解析

月新SAT官方新样题第一时间解读：满分写作范文解析

————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：

2015年1月新SAT官方新样题第一时间解读：满分写作范文解析 本次官方给出了两道样题，北京新东方张卉老师针对第一篇样题（节选自Paul Bogard 于2012.12.21发表在《洛杉矶时报》的“Let There Be Dark.”）的满分作文进行了官方得分理由的第一时间解读。 满分作文（阅读部分4分，理解部分4分，写作部分4分） 阅读理解部分---4分：这篇作文通过熟练的间接引用--转述技巧（paraphrases）和直接引用技巧（direct quotations）展现出了对材料文章全面充分的理解能力。作者用简洁的语言概括了Bogard’s piece这篇文章的主旨，即(natural darkness should be preserved; we must preserve true, unaffected darkness)，并从材料文章中找寻证据来说明作者如何支持主旨：如提及作者用个人轶事来开篇；提及Bogard对Paris’ reputation as “The City of Ligh t”这一历史典故的引用。考生并未直接引用大段的作者原文，而是用自己简洁精确的转述语言来全面解读Bogard 的这篇argument，考生能够清晰有条理的说明Bogard如何使用细节来支持主旨。这篇文章没有对材料文章事实的误读或曲解。总而言之，此文反映出了考生优秀的阅读理解技巧。 分析能力部分—4分：北京新东方张卉老师通过结合官方理由解读，这篇满分文章展现了考生深刻透彻的分析能力并展现出考生对分析技巧这一要求的深刻理解。考生认真全面地解释了Bogard如何通过使用个人轶事，艺术和历史引喻，修辞手段等方法来展开他的议论。例如：考生分析了Bogard为何采用个人轶事这一手段来进行开篇，并描述了作者采用这一方法对读者产生的整体效果，如(In telling this brief anecdote, Bogard challenges the audience to remember a time where they could fully amass themselves in natural darkness void of artificial light. By drawing in his readers with a personal encounter...the author means to establish the potential for beauty, glamour, and awe-inspiring mystery that genuine darkness can possess.... This ane cdote provides a baseline of sorts for readers to find credence with the author’s claims. ) 括号 中这一有说服力的逻辑链表明了考生从手段功能性和读者效果性两个方面，全面地理解了Bogard采用个人轶事这一方式开篇的作用。这种深刻的分析在通篇都展现得非常明显，此文反映出了考生优秀的分析技巧。 写作能力部分—4分：这篇文章行文连贯结构紧密，展现出考生极高的语言运用掌握能力。这篇文章有清晰明确的主旨，即：(He effectively builds his argument by using personal anecdote, allusions to art and history, and rhetorical questions)，篇章的主体段紧密围绕着Bogard的原文的三个主要主体部分进行结构展开。每一段的段落内部的观点递进也清晰严谨。考生开头段和结尾段的写作技巧纯熟简明，并很好的概括了Bogard的主旨及其全篇分析结构。考生全篇用词准确和措辞得当，(the natural magnificence of stars in a dark sky is definite, our world consumed by unnatural, vapid lighting, the affecting power of an untainted night sky). 文章句式 变换多样，且使用了很多高级的复杂句(By doing this, Bogard creates a dichotomy between Paris’ traditionally alluded-to name and the reality of what Paris is becoming –no longer “the city

2019高考新材料作文范文_作文专题

2019高考新材料作文范文 新材料作文也叫题意作文、后话题作文，命题人给出写作的材料，要求考生全面理解材料，选择一个角度构思作文。下面是橙子为您整理的关于20xx年高考新材料作文的范文，希望对您有所帮助! 20xx高考新材料作文篇一去黄山旅游，总会对那怪峰孤松遐想万千，等到我亲眼见识到了，不免心潮澎湃，大呼壮丽——那孤松，曲曲折折，似老者的脊背;那危峰，亦崎岖险峻，有欲倾之势。两个个体本身都算不得美，却在相融中构造出了清雅高绝的图景! 一些个体，它们本身或许有特点，略有不足，但他们未曾勾心斗角过，未曾针锋相对过，在如斯的统一中，倘若你以总体之角度观之，竟是别样和谐。走下黄山，我不禁陷于了思考。 是的，如果你是求个体的方正，那么最终所得可能仅仅只是一潭死水，茫然而无趣。君不见，明清王朝盛行的八股文吗?八股文根本不讲求相融，不讲求文章总体的韵味，它只求圣人之气，只求体制规范，每一字的方方正正，这种是偏安一隅的排他性，最终让文字失去了它原有的重量与美感，更让明清王朝裹足不前。 我想，真正的大美，绝不应该如此!它应当是支点的寻觅，是元素的交融，是单一的颠覆，更是和谐的统一。 个体的波澜不惊，甚至旁逸斜出，却是在同一后成就整体的云蒸霞蔚，别样风采。郑板桥先生曾说：“意在笔先者，定则也;趣在法1 / 5

外者，化机也。”他也正是这样诠释自己的书法。用隶书参以行楷，成就了和谐的同一，成就了“板桥体”的艺术高度。这样的例子还有很多，以前读何立伟先生的《日月盐水豆》一文，不仅为他文章中的文白兼用所叹服。文言，精巧而意赅;白话，又不失抒情之美。也许仅取一者，会令文章或大腹便便，或词肥意瘠，但两者的兼用却令整篇文章彰显了别样的韵致。 非独文学如是。荣格说：“文化最终沉淀在人格上。”我想，我们的内心中或许也要依靠无数不调和因素的融合，才能更为饱满。“我的心里又猛虎在细嗅蔷薇。”这是诗人萨松的诗句。猛虎不免生猛，蔷薇过于柔韧，倘若两者并参，方为丰满而浪漫的人性啊!就像李易安，既有“争渡，争渡，惊起一滩鸥鹭”的女儿情态;亦有“至今思项羽，不肯过江东。”的气贯长虹。她的人格，非婉约，非雄健，而是两者兼具的浪漫，是令人怀想千年。 道与万物参，万物的和谐统一，方早就世间大美。回首，我再看向那抹遒劲的孤松，再看向那面绝然的峭壁，在夕阳下它们长久地融为一体，错落有致。我释然。 20xx高考新材料作文篇二纪念是内心情感的涌动，但又不是感情的无节制挥霍;纪念需要行动来升华，但又需要理性的引导。 真正的纪念是心灵的回响，是历史的回音;它审视过去，启迪未来…… 黑格尔曾经自夸德国人天生就是哲学家。然而就是这样一个天生2 / 5

天速成新sat写作一篇新sat佳作需要的套路

GET经典做题答题模式， 稳拿基础分！ 新SAT的短文涉及阅读一篇原文，然后写篇短文对原文进行分析。得分包括阅读理解（reading）、分析(analysis)和写作（writing）三部分。每部分满分四分。考试时间50分钟。 第一部分：阅读技巧（萃取材料） 1.先读短文后作文题目，标出关键词句，搞清楚靶子在哪里； 2.阅读原文标题，标出作者和原文标题，以备引用； 3.标出原文中的引句、反问句； 4.在每个段落旁边注明此段落属性：话题、论据、风格、说服方式、写作技巧； 5.标出中心思想或话题（main ideas or claim）的句子； 6.标出可以引用的句子。 第二部分：分析和构思（组合材料）

步骤（一）：把论据分组，整理出一组最合适作文题目的论据（Evidence）和要说明的议题（Claim），建立逻辑关系； 步骤（二）：在这组的论据里，提出所用的风格、说服方式、写作技巧（Stylistic, persuasive elements : word choice, appeals to emotion)的具体应用和达到的效果； 步骤（三）：对原文的诉求和具体论述方法作个总结: 作文的中心思想。 具体做法： 1.把原文中的论据分类，分出可分类的论据和通用的论据； 2.取出最有力的一类论据（evidence）和通用论据建立与中心思想或某个话题（Main idea 或Claim ）的关系。用线条把它们连接起来； 3.理出原文的开头、结尾或某一段落的具体方法和技巧。标记在段落旁边。标出可以引用的原文句子； 4.深入分析原文中要用的一组证据和Claim 的关联和逻辑，所用的风格、说服方式、写作技巧（Stylistic, persuasive elements : word choice, appeals to emotion)的具体做法和效果。标记在旁边。同时标出准备引用的原文句子；

带材料的材料作文范文800字

材料作文下笔难，审题难，但书读百遍其义自现，看得多了自然就会写了。以上就是作文栏目为您带来的《带材料的材料作文范文800字》，如果想要更多关于单元作文的讯息，请持续关注我们的作文栏目，谢谢大家。 篇一：带材料的材料作文范文800字 一、阅读下面的文字，按要求作文 面对纷繁的生活，我们常常有许多感悟：当看见一轮红日冉冉升起的时候，我们也许会感悟到青年人的朝气蓬勃与旺盛的生命力；当看见叶子从树上落下，我们也许会感悟到生命的短暂，而应该珍惜时光，发奋进取；当看见一株青松从泰山的岩缝中长出来，傲立山巅时，我们也许会感悟到逆境与磨难更能造就坚强的性格…… 你对生活有什么感悟吗？请就自己的经历及感悟，自选角度，自定立意，自选文体，写一篇不少于800字的文章，题目自拟。 [写作提示]这是一道新材料作文试题，在材料中，给出了多种自然现象及可以参悟的人生哲理，要求考生“就自己的经历及感悟”自选角度，写一篇作文。笔者在此特别提醒考生，近年来高考作文命题越来越注重引导考生贴近现实生活，贴近自己的生活经历，写出有真情实感的作文，这一道作文试题，就很好地体现了这种命题导向。“就自己的经历及感悟”作文，就要求考生必须写自己的亲身经历，写自己的真实感悟，而不能以写他人为主，不能天南海北、古今中外地泛泛而谈。另外，考生要注意写出感悟，感悟(元旦见闻)不是一般的酸甜苦辣的浅层感受，而是要在记述经历的基础上，层层开掘，参悟出深刻的人生哲理。 站在高处看世界 王晓琳 “会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”。站在高处看世界，世界将是另一番景象，而人的心灵将是别样的清爽和豁达。 去年刚放暑假时的那段日子，是我人生中特别晦暗的时光。倒不是因为我的学业成绩排名亮了红灯，而是平时一向排在我之后的同桌，这次竟然排在我前头。她的姓名，沉沉地压在了我的心头，压得我真有点喘不过气来。愁苦之中我不禁扼腕长叹：“上帝啊，既生瑜，何生亮也！” 不久，一次偶然的苏杭之旅，让我的心胸改变了“景观”。 那天阳光很好，空气清新。早上一醒来，爸爸就告诉我一个惊人的好消息，爸妈单位也放了长假，他们要带我一起去苏杭旅游。“上有天堂，下有苏杭”，去苏杭旅游是我多年的梦想，今日如愿以偿，我高兴得跳起拉丁舞来。未了，还破天荒地搂住爸爸的脖子，“狠狠”地亲了他一口。 第二天上午10时许，飞机在跃华机场缓缓起飞。我坐在机舱的舷窗边，眺望窗外的风景，

关系型作文范文

关系型作文范文 ．关系型话题（命题）作文写作指导 ——《坚守与放弃》作文讲评 一、《坚守与放弃》作文讲评 （一）比较分析：《坚守与放弃》和下面两组作文题在内容要求上有怎样的异同？ 1.《坚守》《坚守不弃》《永不言弃》 2.《放弃》《勇于放弃》《学会放弃》 第1组作文强调“坚守”意义，第2组作文强调“放弃”的价值，谈的内容都涉及到的是《坚守与放弃》的一个方面。 （二）讨论分析：《坚守与放弃》是否可以简单的将以上两组作文的内容相加组接？ 《坚守与放弃》要求谈“坚守”与“放弃”之间关系，不是简单的相加，而要求说清楚对它们的权衡取舍态度。 （三）归纳结论： 这是一道关系型作文题，此类作文必须首先明辨两个概念的内在关系。 “坚守”与“放弃”是一对权衡选择的关系概念，不能并存于同一事物或一事的同一方面、同一时期。具体表现主要有以下情况：一是坚守甲事物，放弃相对或相关的已事物，如坚守内心的纯净，放弃物质的奢华，坚守目标的追求，放弃外界的诱惑等； 二是坚守一个大的目标原则，放弃某一具体的方法途径；

三是对一事物由一段时期的坚守到最终的放弃，或长期、一生的坚守中有暂时的放弃等。 写作上要求文章在以上的分析中确立观点，谈其中的一种或几种情况，具体回答“坚守什么，放弃什么”或“什么情况下坚守，什么情况下放弃”，不能笼统地说“既要坚守，又要放弃”，“要具体问题具体分析”，更不能只谈“坚守”或“放弃”一个方面（四）自我反思：自己的文章是否阐述清楚了二者的关系？能具体回答“坚守什么，放弃什么”或“什么情况下坚守，什么情况下放弃”吗？如何重构？ 二、关系型话题（命题）作文写作指导 关系类话题作文，是指在作文话题中出现两个以上的概念，而这两个以上概念之间存在着各种各样的联系。此类作文富有思辨性，难度较大，限制性强，曾是xx-xx年高考命题的主要形式。 （一）关系型作文题要素之间的关系： 1、对立统一关系； 对立统一关系：就是各要素单一来看是对立矛盾的，但实质上它们又相互依存、相辅相成、和谐统一。也称之为无此无彼式。 如：“自由与纪律”。 没有“自由”，也无所谓“纪律”；没有“纪律”，也就没有“自由”。两者对立统一。或变通理解为：没有纪律，就不可能有真正的自由；人要有自由，但自由要受纪律的约束。 2、权衡取舍关系；

SAT essay写作真题官方满分范文精选5

Essay 5:Are people motivated to achieve by personal satisfaction rather than by money or fame? Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below. Assignment :Are people motivated to achieve by personal satisfaction rather than by money or fame?Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue.Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading,studies,experience,or Observations.

Even though we live in a capitalist society,I still cannot help but believe,despite my own cynicism,that people are more motivated to achieve something for personal satisfaction rather than monetary gains.Look at Chekov's short story,“The Bet.”A man agrees to sacrifice fifteen years of his life in prison in exchange for a million dollars. Obviously his motivation for such an extreme bet is wealth,but by the end of the prison sentence,the man could care less about the money.After years of introspection,of reading Shakespeare,The Bible,and textbooks,the man actually comes to despise the money he once sought;the money he signed away fifteen years of his life for.He does not collect his money from the banker,he runs away to be on his own and continue to live the life of solitude he has learned to love,free of money and possessions. Also,in a psychology class,one of the first things students study when they come to the topic of motivation,is external stimulus versus personal drive.Any textbook will tell one that studies show that a child is more likely to put as much energy as possible into completing a task when it is something that makes him happy,than if he was doing it for a physical reward. A child is more likely to get good grades,if it makes him feel good about himself,than if his parents offer to pay him every time he makes the honor roll.I agree with this theory on motivation because I see it play out everyday in my life.If my older sister had been concerned with money and fame,which reality television tells us every night is important,she would have gone to college after graduating high school.She knew though,that school and learning did not make her happy,and she was not going to suffer through four more years of school just because a college degree could lead to a more successful job.Right now she does not make as much money at her job,but she likes her life and the way she lives;she has more fun

裁缝新材料作文审题及范文

新材料作文训练范文 一、作文题目 阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。 一位裁缝在吸烟时不小心将一条高档裙子烧了一个窟窿，致使其成了废品。这位裁缝为 了挽回损失，凭借其高超的技艺，在裙子四周剪了许多窟窿，并精心饰以金边，然后，将其取名为“金边凤尾裙”。不但卖了好价钱，还一传十，十传百，使不少女士上门求购，生意十分红火。 要求：全面理解材料，但可以从一个侧面、一个角度构思作文。自主确定立意，确定文 体，确定标题；不要脱离材料内容或其含意范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。不少于800字。 【审题立意】： 一、主要事件 裁缝利用自己的智慧和技艺，使自己摆脱了失误不利的局面，变废为宝，走向成功。 二、找对象，分主次 本材料的“主角”是“裁缝”。 三、抓关键词句 1.“不小心” “废品”“为了挽回损失” ――“金边凤尾裙”的发明并不是主观创新和时尚潮流的产物，而是一种“挽回损失”，灵活地变“废”为宝的作品。 2.“凭借其高超的技艺”“精心”“取名为‘金边凤尾裙 ――裁缝能够变废为宝的主要原因是他主观上并不放弃，甚至非常用心，加上技 艺高超，创意无限。 四、查原因：由果溯因法 果：制成“金边凤尾裙”，卖出了好价钱，生意十分红火。因：为挽回损失，凭借其高超技艺，精心饰以金边，变废为宝。 综上，可以有以下三个立意： （1）人要从不利走向有利，就要依靠自己永不放弃的精神。 裁缝最终能制成“金边凤尾裙”，是因为他能够坚持不放弃，变废为宝。 （2）人要从失误的阴影中走出来，就需要聪明过人的智慧、灵活变通地思维、高超绝妙的技艺。 裁缝凭借自己的聪明才智、灵活变通的思维和高超的技艺，将烧了一个窟窿的裙子制成“金边凤尾裙”。 成功往往有其偶然性，但更有其必然性。 以下几种立意属于较准确地理解材料，应判符合题意，内容项在二档打分。 （一）做人不能被失误打倒。 （二）要战胜困难才能成功。