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Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.

Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of

___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state.

__11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted

____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___

that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. ___20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like

2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce

3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining

4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe

5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable

6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief

7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected

8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes

9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance

10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal

11．[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As for

12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at

13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because

14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses

15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond

16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold

17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent

18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted

19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing

20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]Conversely

【标准答案】

1．[C]despite 从后面一个句子中的little我们可以判断出这里的转折意为，因而本题选择despite；

2．[D]produce 此处前一个词does表示强调，根据上下文课意思可判断选项；

3．[B]boosting boost意思是促进增进、stabilize意思是稳定、impair是减少削弱、determine意思是决定。因而可以判断选boost；

4．[B]sustain 本题全凭词义选择：transmit意思是传输；sustain，维持；evaluate，评估；observe，观察。

5．[A]measurable 本题一样是词义考察：measurable，可评估的；manageable，可掌握的；affordable，可承受的；renewable，可更新的。

6．[B]In fact 从后一句中的Instead of doing...可以看出此处有意群的转换，因而选择了"In fact"，实际上……起到承前启后的作用。

7．[A]opposite 从前一句的instead of 得知此处句意发生转折，因而选择opposite

8．[D]relaxes 从后一句"decreasing muscle tone"，减少肌肉张力，可判断此处应选择relaxes，放松。

9．[C]moderate 也是从上一句的句意―放松肌肉、减少肌肉张力‖可看出此处的意思应该相同，因而选择"moderate"，稳定、减轻。

10．[A]physical 还是词义考察，同学们可以从这道题看出出题老师对形近字、意近字有多爱了吧…… physical，身体上的；mental，精神上的（这是一对，一定要记住！）；subconscious，潜意识的；internal，内在的。

小编分享一个做题的―非官方方法‖给大家：当选项中出现明显的成对、或反义词时，那么答案多半在其中。也就是我们可以从做一个四选一的题，变成做二选一的题。那就算是猜、正确率也有50%了吧！？

11．[B]According to 后一句提到"one classical theory of emotion"，一个经典情感理论，说明是距离。所以此处连接词选择"According to"。

12．[C]in 这题的考点是介词和动词的搭配，如果你明白前一个root是―根、扎根‖的意思，那么基本可以排除选项中的with，那到底是on, at 或是in，就看日常积累了。

13．[D]because 这整句的意思是：―在19世纪末期有这样的争论：人们不是因为悲伤而哭泣，而是因为当流泪时会变得悲伤。‖ 因而此处选择表示因果关系的because。其他的until，直到；unless，除非；if，如果，都不符合。

14．[C]precedes 词义又来：exhaust，精疲力尽；follow，跟随；precede，在……之前；suppress，抑制。

15．[B]from 从动词flow，流动，来判断。

16．[D]hold 因为后一句提到―thereby creating an artificial smile‖，从而创造一个虚假的笑脸。可以看出，无论是fetch或是pick（都是取来、捡来的意思）都是不对的，bite（咬）更不对。要维持一个笑脸，所以用"hold"。

17．[A]disappointed 这道题的技巧在于，无论是excited, joyful 或是indifferent，它们所能传达的面部表情都是类似的，因而得知选disappointed，失望的——得出不一样的表情。

18．[D]reacted 词义题：adapt，适应；cater，迎合；turn，转变；react，反应、

19．[A]suggesting 词义题：suggest，传达了、证明了；require，要求；mention，提到；suppose，假设。

这里整句话的意思是：面对搞笑卡通，那些被要求做笑脸的人比起那些被要求皱眉的人表现得更有生气。从而证明了不单单是情绪影响表情、表情也可以影响情绪。

20．[C]Similarly 从上一句的翻译大家可以看出，"the physical act of laughter could improve mood."（笑这个生理动作可以改善情绪），这个意思是和上一句一样的。所以应该选择similar，相同的。而不是其他三个选项。

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