人教版选修八unit1-unit5期末复习资料

Ⅰ. 语言知识及应用(共两节满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I’m going to share my most embarrassing experience in life with you. It turned out to be one of my life’s most valuable 1 .

This summer, I 2 a dance camp organized by the high school dance team. We went to learn new tricks, techniques and knowledge about the art of dance. I arrived at the camp, being very 3 of my ability to be a good dancer; of course I was 4 high marks and praise. My rich experience and long time in the dance team qualified me for the top class, which I felt was a right 5 .

However, when the class began I 6 that I did not know as much as I thought I did. My over-confidence 7 me to fall flat on my face. It seemed as if every girl in the class could perform challenging jumps, leaps and other 8 tricks except me. All of that ―former experience‖got me nowhere. Because of that I became discouraged and wanted to 9 immediately. My frustration kept me from doing my best. As a result the final performance was nothing but embarrassing. On the stage I 10 forgot how to dance and most of the time I just stood there, looking 11 , while the other girls performed like professionals. How embarrassing it was!

From this experience I 12 that people are sometimes not as good at something as they think they are; there is always someone out there that can do it 13 than you. I also learned that there is always room for 14 , and I should do my best whatever the situation is. I know if I do not try my best, I will 15 even before I begin.

1. A. lessons B. jokes C. lectures D. expressions

2. A. attended B. checked C. supported D. started

3. A. worthy B. confident C. fond D. aware

4. A. showing B. expecting C. receiving D. wasting

5. A. suggestion B. method C. decision D. style

6. A. hoped B. pretended C. realized D. explained

7. A. caused B. allowed C. cheated D. advised

8. A. strange B. difficult C. simple D. funny

9. A. perform B. struggle C. survive D. quit

10.A. completely B. quickly C. probably D. hardly

11.A. happy B. stupid C. amazed D. surprised

12.A. remembered B. lied C. concluded D. wondered

13.A. better B. deeper C. faster D. wider

14.A. improvement B. experienced C. success D. creation

15.A. fall B. fear C. hesitate D. fail

二、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格注填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空

Somebody once asked me how to be peaceful and happy. I thought the question was easy to answer: Don't attach yourself to anything__16_____ you will be peaceful and happy. But then quite some time later, I discovered this direct and simple answer may not work for all people.

What is attachment? What is __17___(let)go? These questions need to___18______ ( answer )So again, when___19_______ (question) about how to be peaceful and happy, I ask back: ―How are you feeling now?‖ Happiness, after all, is __20___ state of mind. Do not think happiness is a serious thing you can never get ____21___making painful efforts. No, it is not true. Even the most ordinary people can find happiness in their common everyday life. When you are thirsty, water makes you happy. When you are hungry, food gives you happiness. When you are exhausted from a hard working day, an ____22_____(expect) seat on the tube(地铁) makes you happy.

__23__can be seen that happiness is around us. However, our hearts are not quiet enough to notice it. The problem with many of us is that we are always dissatisfied with our current looks, intelligence, status, wealth and living conditions. We just want more and better, so we spend a lifetime in pursuing something better. Plenty of us are so at pains in the pursuit(追求) of prosperity or pleasure __24___we simply forget to live. When our lives draw to an end, we find ourselves still unhappy. Our life has passed then. We have nothing __25____（leave）but unhappiness

II. 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并将答案涂在答题卡标号为26~45的相应位置上。

A

Microwaves may be great at warming up food, but what about warming people?

Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture. And despite popular ideas about microwaves, this technique would be safe, according to Charles R. Burlier of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough, New Hampshire. Low-power microwaves only penetrate (贯穿) the skin (low-power microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches, for example) and with no negative effects.

To test this idea, Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt, 2459 MHz magnetron (磁控管). He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter (mw. / sq. cm. ) ; a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw. / sq. cm. By comparison, a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw. / sq. cm. And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 mw. / sq. cm.

In houses of the future, each room could be provided with its own magnetron, says Buffler. When you stepped into the living room, for example, a motion detector (运动感应器)would turn on the magnetron, filling the room with low-power microwaves. In the same way that a mic rowave oven heats up a hamburger, but not the plate it’s on, you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table. (You could, however, make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical.)

While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses, Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock(家畜) farmers. Lambs that are born outdoors in winter, for example, are frequently lost to cold. Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly.

26. Which of the following can tell the main idea of the passage?

A. A new heating system.

B. A new microwave oven.

C. A popular technique.

D. The magnetron.

27. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following does not describe the characteristics of a

microwave heater?

A. It directly heats people in a room.

B. It heats walls and furniture in a room.

C. It is safe.

D. It saves energy．

28. The test conducted by Buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth, he receives

about ________________.

A. 20 mw. / sq. cm.

B. 40 mw. / sq. cm.

C. 60 mw. / sq. cm.

D. 85 mw. / sq. cm.

29. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following fills the room with low-power microwaves?

A. The magnetron.

B. The motion detector.

C. The microwave oven.

D. The radiation-absorbing chemical.

30. Which of the following statements about microwave heaters would Buffler most probably

agree with?

A. Microwave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners.

B. Microwave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable.

C. Perhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers, who wish to protect their

lambs in winter.

D. Microwave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are somewhat unsafe.

B

I can’t remember a winter being as cold as this in Pennsylvania, but I’m sure

there were colder days.

Even though the daylight hours are growing longer minute by minute, it’s easy to find an excuse not to go out unless you absolutely must, but then again I often have to push myself to accomplish things.

People I speak to have been in all kinds of nasty moods. They say they’re ―under the weather,‖ not feeling good about this time of year.

As I stood outside with my two dogs yesterday, it was so cold that my nose and face felt frozen and my ears were stinging.

Of course, that doesn’t matter to Ricky and Lucy. They have a routine they must go through to find just the fighting spot no matter how cold or hot it is.

So I wait.

But this time it was different. As cold as it was, I suddenly was excited thinking about how wonderful this extreme cold really was.

Then the sun broke through the clouds and memories of summer’s extremely hot days flashed through my mind. I could remember standing in the heat of the afternoon, with sweat pouring down my brow and the hot, burning sun against my face. I reminded myself then and there that in the cold of the winter I would wish I had this heat.

I was grateful for the extremes. Without the extremes in my life, I would never appreciate the days when things were just right. Without the extremes, life would be boring.

It’s being pushed to one of the extremes that makes us appreciate the middle more. Health challenges remind us that we need to pay more attention to how we live. Financial extremes remind us that when things go smoothly it’s also time to save for raining days.

I’ve come to the conclusion that all too often I find a reason not to be happy with where I am

at that moment.

Whether it’s hot or cold, good health or bad, in the money or out of it, I always

want it to be different.

I’m tired of being ―Under the Weather!‖

31. What is the author’s attitude towards the extremes in life?

A. Grateful.

B. Critical.

C. Negative.

D. Unconcerned.

32. That day the writer waited in the terrible cold because ______.

A. his dogs wanted to hunt

B. he wanted to face the cold bravely

C. his dogs had a routine

D. he wanted to be different

33. The underlined word ―nasty‖ (Paragraph 4) can be replaced by ______.

A. unpleasant

B. violent

C. favorable

D. unusual

34. At last the author drew a conclusion that ______.

A. happiness cannot be gained by complaints

B. things will be different whatever the situation is

C. happiness will fail to come to you if you can find a reason

D. he is disappointed with his present situation

35. What is the best title for this passage?

A. Follow the Routine

B. Two Extremes in Life

C. Changes should be Expected

D. Weather Information

C

Around 200 people who thought their only experience of the London 2012 Olympic Games would be minor heats of synchronized swimming （花样游泳）have received an unexpected change to the men's 100m final because of an embarrassing ticketing mistake.

The London 2012 Organizing Committee （Locog）confirmed on Wednesday that an error in its ticket selling had led to four synchronized swimming competitions being oversold by 10, 000 tickets.

Locog and its ticket agent spent the Christmas period contacting ticket holders and offering them alternatives that included the tickets they had applied for but unsuccessful. The changes need no additional cost. It has also offered to return any discrepancy （差额）if the new tickets cost less than the originals. Locog said the replacement tickets would come from a number of unsold seats across the Olympic Games and that it was doing all it could to make up the error to the fans who bought tickets.

Locog said the error occurred in the summer, between the first and second round of ticket sales, when a member of staff made a mistake, entering ―20,000‖ into the computer rather than the correct figure of 10,000 remaining tickets. The error was discovered when Locog checked the number of tickets that had been sold against the final seating numbers, and began contacting ticket holders before Christmas.

Thousands of ticket holders have already struck lucky, changing to tickets for major events including swimming and athletics finals, and in around 200 cases the hottest of all, the men’s 100m final. Locog said the decision to award 100m final tickets was made because one of the

synchronized swimming competitions was on the same afternoon as the event, August 5.

36. As a result of the ticketing mistake, about 200 people ____.

A. will luckily be able to watch the men’s 100m final

B. will not enjoy the synchronized swimming events

C. will have to change their tickets to other games

D. have applie d for tickets to the men’s 100m final

37. In order to solve the problem, the Locog ____.

A. required the holders to return the tickets

B. allowed the holders to apply for another ticket

C. would charge the discrepancy for changing the tickets

D. offered to change the tickets without any extra cost

38. The underlined word ―it‖ (Paragraph 3 ) refers to ____.

A. Locog

B. the ticketing mistake

C. the Olympic Games

D. the additional cost

39. How many ticket holders will have to change their tickets?

A. 200.

B. 10,000.

C. 20,000.

D. 30,000.

40. Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. The synchronized swimming is the hottest of the Olympics.

B. Thousands of ticket holders refused to change their tickets.

C. The men’s 100m final will take place on August 5, 2012.

D. The number of tickets for synchronized swimming is 10,000.

D

In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer sa tisfaction. Today, customer ―delight‖ is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share.

It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly tell tales of worse to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.

New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the ―phone rage‖— caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.

―Many people do not like talking to machines,‖ says Dr, Storey, Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. ―Banks, for example, encourage staff at call c enters to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust them —the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branc h manager.‖

Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours, but getting it done within two); replacing a faulty product immediately; throwing in a gift coupon as an unexpected ―thank you‖ to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.

Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.

For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. The Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.

Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as ―we do as we please‖. On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.

41. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _______.

A. complaining customers are hard to satisfy

B. unsatisfied customers receive better service

C. satisfied customers catch more attention

D. well-treated customers promote business

42. The writer mentions ―phone rage‖ (Paragraph 3) to show that ________.

A. customers often use phones to express their anger

B. people still prefer to buy goods online

C. customer care becomes more demanding

D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services

43. What does the writer recommend to create customer delight?

A. Calling customers regularly.

B. Giving a ―thank you‖ note.

C. Delivering a quicker service.

D. Promising more gifts.

44. Customer delight is important for airlines because ________.

A. their telephone style remains unchanged

B. they are more likely to meet with complaints

C. the services cost them a lot of money

D. the policies can be applied to their staff

45. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?

A. Face-to –face service creates comfortable feelings among customers.

B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.

C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.

D. Customer delight is more important for air lines than for banks.

第二节：信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项（A，B，C，D，E和F）中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

46. Miss Liang is now working in a joint venture (合资企业) as a business woman. Her major work is to contact the foreign businessmen through emails, calls and letters. She has no trouble communicating with the English-speaking people face to face. However, when it comes to business writing, she is not sure about the grammar and the form.

47. Mr. Lin taught himself English. Three months ago, when he was required to work as a sales representative in Britain, he had trouble in communicating with his English customers. The

problem is with his pronunciation and intonation (语调). He wants to find some websites

offering spoken English teaching with correct pronunciation and ideal sound effects.

48. Ms. Wilson is now teaching English in China. She has found that the major problem with her students’ reading comprehension lies with their limited vocabulary. However, memorizing a list

of 10-20 new words every day is a boring task for the students. She wants to find some games

from the internet, so that her students may have interest in learning and using the words.

49. Zhang Hui is not interested in reciting English texts. He says it is boring. He is more interested in practicing his newly learned English expressions in classroom activities. But when he is at

home on holiday, he has no one to talk to in English. His mother suggests him looking for

interactive websites from the Internet.

50. Chen Yuan is going for his undergraduate study in America. His friend has rented a room for him from an old American couple. This is his first time to go abroad and stay with the natives.

To get along well with them, Zhang Ming is eager to learn English idioms and everyday topics.

So, he searches the Internet for some useful websites.

ELT Website Review

A B

☆http: // www. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a932166.html, PUT stands for postgraduate plus undergraduate plus teachers. It provides various listening materials for students of English at different levels, including news and articles for academic purposes. It also has some instruction on how to improve listening skill. There is also a forum (论坛) for you to share your English

learning experiences with other.

☆http: // www. oup. Com / elt / products / students/ This site offers interactive games and exercises to help learners practice English in an entertaining way. Resources are organized at various levels and cover all the four basic skills. The exercises include three levels: primary, secondary and adult. You can

choose an exercise of your own level. C D

☆http: // www. focusenglish. com / dia / co. html Do you sometimes get upset when you’re unable to express yourself clearly? This website focuses on idiomatic and everyday expressions that can help learners deal with daily conversational situations. Each dialogue is accompanied by carefully designed exercises so you can follow the steps and practice at your own pace. From this you will know how native express things.

☆http: // writing. englishclub. com / s-talk / htm You can find tips on how to start writing memos, to send emails or to write business reports for your company. There are exercises at different levels and in different forms. If you register as our member, send us your writings. Our language experts will emails you in reply and offer free instructions within seven working days.

E F

☆http: // esl. About. com / cs / pronu / a / astress. htm English is considered a stressed language. This means we stress certain words while other words are quickly spoken. When you speak English, the words you stress can change meaning in a sentence. This website provides examples and exercises to help you improve your pronunciation through correct word stress. ☆http: // www. vocabulary. Com

This vocabulary puzzle and activities site helps you learn vocabulary in an interesting and innovation (有创意的) way. The activities come at 3 levels of difficulty, with 20 thematic topics on various subjects such as Wizards, Elections, Holidays, Character Education, Science

Shakespeare, and Fitness.

III 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

近年来，我国校车安全事故频发，引发社会强烈关注与反思。请根据以下提示，写一篇有关我国校车安全情况的文章，向21st Century英文报投稿。

事故回放2011年11月16日上午，甘肃省庆阳市，一辆严重超载的幼儿园校车与大卡车相撞，造成包括司机、1名老师以及19名幼儿在内的21人死亡。

社会影响人们感到震惊和痛心，担心事故重演，呼吁政府采取行动。

政府措施国务院于2012年4月5日颁布《校车安全管理条例》，并要求在各地施行。决策意义体现了对生命的关爱，有助于稳定社会。

【写作要求】

只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

【评分标准】

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯

参考词汇：国务院the State Council；

校车安全管理条例School Bus Safety Regulations

第二节读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

There have been many types of ecological disasters caused to the Australian ecosystem by introducing other animals. The most famous one was the introduction of the rabbit. The rabbits in Australia are mostly from a group of wild rabbits in south eastern Australia. These were released in the hope of starting a b usiness selling rabbits’ skin. This did actually happen, but there was nothing to stop the rabbits spreading to the rest of mainland Australia. Now we have billions. They compete with the native animals, damage the vegetation and severely reduce the potential carrying capacity of the land for grass-eating animals like sheep and cattle.

As well as the disasters caused to the land ecosystem, there have been ones in the water. The most obvious one was the deliberate introduction of European carp(欧洲鲤鱼) to the River Murray. The carp were introduced to eat the weeds growing in the river. Now they have taken over much of the river’s ecosystem and severely reduced the number of native fish.

Not all destructive introductions in Australia were of foreign species. There are several cases of native Australian animals being taken to different places in Australia and causing destruction. Koalas were introduced to Kangaroo Island and increased to such an extent that they are killing off the Manna Gum trees.

【写作内容】

1. 以约30词概括阅读材料的主要内容；

2. 由于人类无休止地向大自然索取，无限制的掠夺自然，造成了资源枯竭等。大自然毫不留情地对人类进行了报复。请你以约120个词谈谈你对人类和大自然和谐相处的看法，内容包括：

(1) 你认为人类为什么要与大自然和谐相处？

(2) 举例说明人类与大自然由于不和谐相处而带来的灾害。

(3) 在日常生活中，我们应该怎样与大自然和谐相处。

【写作要求】

1. 在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不

得直接引用原文中的句子；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。一些科学事实。

英语参考答案

Ⅰ语言知识及应用

第一节完形填空:

1-5 AABBC 6-10 CABDA 11-15 BCAAD

二、语法填空

16. and 17. letting. 18.to be answered 19. questioned ；20.a 21. without. 22. unexpected23. it 24. that ；25 left

II.阅读理解26-30ABBAC

31—35 ACABC 36—40 ADABC 41—45 DCCBC

III 写作

第一节基础写作

A possible version:

The morning of November 16th, 2011 witnessed a disastrous car accident in Qingyang, Gansu Province. A kindergarten school bus, which was seriously overloaded, crashed into a big truck, causing 21 deaths, including 19 kids，a school teacher and the driver himself. Shocked and sad at the news, people feared that accidents like this would happen again and thus called for the government to take immediate action. To people's relief, the State Council officially issued the School Bus Safety Regulations on April 5th, 2012 and ordered the act should be put into effect in all places. The act not only reveals the government's great concern about people's lives, but also helps create a more stable society.

读写任务

One possible version:

The passage mainly tells us about some types of disasters caused to the Australian ecosystem by introducing other animals such as the introduction of the rabbit to the mainland and European carp to the River Murray.

The natural balance in an ecosystem must be maintained. This balance may be disturbed due to the introduction of new species, the sudden disappearance of some species and especially man-made causes. Air, land and water pollution is increasing day by day. The average temperature of the Earth is increasing and huge glaciers are melt ing faster.

In the early twentieth century, Roosevelt, president of the US, ordered to kill cruel wolves with the purpose of protecting lovely deer in one of the flourishing forests in Arizona. Therefore, the deer was protected well and its population increased greatly because there were fewer wolves.

To everybody’s surprise, the forest became lifeless with a great number of deer eating its resources and disappeared finally. As a result, large quantities of deer died due to the food shortage.

It is vital for human beings to live in harmony with nature. Every individual has to make his actions eco-friendly. It is high time that man realized he is an integral part of the environment. We should develop eco-friendly habits, and try to stop any activities that will damage the environment.

2019新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总

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值为（） A.110 B.120 C.160 D.165 第9题图第10题图 10.如图,∠A，∠B,∠C,∠D,∠E的和等于（） A.90° B.180° C.360° D.540° 二、填空题.（每小题3分，共24分） 11.如图所示,AB∥CD,CE平分∠ACD,并且交AB于E，∠A=118°，则∠AEC等于. 第11题图第12题图 12.如图，三条直线两两相交，交点分别为A、B、C，若∠CAB=50°,∠CBA=60°，则∠1+∠2＝度. 13.五边形的5个内角的度数之比为2∶3∶4∶5∶6，则最大内角的外角度数是. 14.一个三角形的两边长为8和10，若另一边为a，当a为最短边时，a的取值范围是；当a为最长边时，a的取值范围是. 15.如图，AD是△ABC的角平分线，BE是△ABC的高，∠BAC＝40°，则∠AFE的度数为. 第15题图第16题图 16.将一副直角三角板如图放置，使含30°角的三角板的短直角边和含45°角的三角板的一条直角边重合，则∠1的度数为度.

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八年级政治上册期末复习提纲 班级姓名 第一单元走进社会生活 1.个人和社会的关系是怎样的？ 答：个人是社会的有机组成部分。如果把个人看成点，把人与人的关系看成线，那么，由各种关系连接成的线就织成一张“大网”，每个人都是社会这张“大网”上的一个“结点”。 2.如何理解社会对人的影响？ 答：（1）人的成长是不断社会化的过程。 （2）我们的衣食住行、学习和娱乐等都与社会的方方面面发生着千丝万缕的联系。 （3）人的生存和发展也离不开社会，每个人都从社会中获得物质支持和精神滋养。 3.为什么要养成亲社会行为？亲社会行为有什么意义？ 答：（1）青少年处于走向社会的关键时期，我们应该树立积极的生活态度，关注社会，了解社会，服务社会，养成亲社会行为。 （2）亲社会行为，有利于我们养成良好的行为习惯，塑造健康的人格，形成正确的价值观念，获得他人和社会的接纳与认可。 4.如何养成亲社会行为？ 答：亲社会行为在人际交往和社会实践中养成。 ①我们要主动了解社会，关注社会发展变化，积极投身于社会实践。 ②在社会生活中，我们要遵守社会规则和习俗，热心帮助他人，想他人之所想，急他人之所急。 5.网络如何丰富我们的日常生活？ 答：（1）网络让我们日常生活中的信息传递和交流变得方便迅捷。互联网不仅给人们提供信息，而且提供便捷的信息检索渠道。 （2）网络打破了传统人际交往的时空限制，促进了人际交往。通过网络，我们可以随时随地与地球上任何角落的人交流、互动，世界变成了地球村。 （3）网络让我们的生活变得更加便利和丰富多彩。 6.网络如何推动社会进步？ 答：（1）网络为经济发展注入新的活力。①互联网大大促进了人才、资金、技术、物资的流动，已经成为社会生产的新工具、经济贸易的新途径。②互联网与传统行业的融合，推动了传统行业转型升级，创造了新业态，提升了经济发展水平。 （2）网络促进民主政治的进步。互联网丰富了民主形式，拓宽了民主渠道，使人们更加便利、有序地参与社会生活和政治生活，对保障公民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权发挥着重要作用。 （3）网络为文化传播和科技创新搭建新平台。①互联网打破了地域界限，极大地拓展了文化交流的内容、场合及范围，提高了文化传播的速度。②互联网促进了科技创新所需的物质与信息资源快速流动，加速了各种创新资源的汇聚、融合与共享。③基于互联网的大数据正在改变我们的生活和我们理解世界的方式，成为众多新发明和新服务的源泉。 7.为什么要警惕网络中的陷阱？ 答：（1）网络信息良莠不齐。在网络时代，人人能够参与信息发布，信息变得丰富的同时，也出现了一些虚假的、不良的信息。 （2）沉迷于网络，影响学习、工作和生活。 （3）个人隐私容易被侵犯。①在开放的网络世界里，侵犯个人隐私的行为，让人防不胜防。②各种侵犯个人隐私的行为会给被侵权人造成困扰和伤害，给社会带来恐慌和不安。 8.如何理性参与网络生活？ 答：（1）我们要提高媒介素养，积极利用互联网获取新知、促进沟通、完善自我。 （2）我们要注意浏览、寻找与学习和工作有关的信息，不应在无关信息面前停留，不应在无聊信息上浪费精力，更不可沉溺于网络，要学会“信息节食”。

新版人教版八年级下册英语单

新版人教版八年级下册英语单词默写版

八年级下册单词默写 Unit 1 What’s the matter？ 1.________问题；事情 2.________怎么了?出什么事了? 3.________疼痛的;酸痛的 4.________感冒 5.________胃痛;腹痛 6.________胃痛 7.________脚;足 8.________颈；脖子 9.________胃;腹部 10.________咽喉;喉咙 11.________发烧 12.________躺；平躺 13.________躺下 14.________放松；休息 15.________咳嗽 16.________ X射线；X光 17.________牙痛 18.________量体温 19.________头痛 20.________发烧 21.________间歇；休息 22.________休息 23.________（使）疼痛；受伤 24.________乘客；旅客 25.________离开（某处）；从……去掉 26.________下车 27.________使…惊讶的；出乎…意料 28.________向；朝 29.________问题;苦恼 30.________（用手或器具）击；打 31.________立即；马上 32.________陷入；参与 33.________她自己 34.________绷带/用绷带包扎 35.________生病的；有病的 36.________膝；膝盖 37.________鼻出血 38.________呼吸 39.________晒伤的 40.________我们自己 41.________登山者；攀登者 42.________习惯于……；适应于…… 43.________危险；风险；冒险 44.________冒险 45.________(交通)事故；意外遭遇 46.________情况；状况 47.________千克；公斤 48.________岩石49.________用尽；耗尽 50.________刀 51.________切除 52.________血 53.________意思是；打算；意欲 54.________离开；从……出来 55.________重要性；重要 56.________决定；抉择 57.________限制；约束；管理 58.________掌管；管理 59.________勇气；意志 60.________死；死亡 61.________放弃 62.________护士 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks 1.________打扫(或清除)干净 2.________欢呼；喝彩 3.________(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来 4.________分发；散发 5.________义务做；自愿做/自愿者 6.________想出；提出（主意计划回答等） 7.________推迟 8.________标志；信号 9.________通知;通告;注意/注意到；意识到 10.________分发 11.________打电话给(某人)；征召 12.________曾经…；过去… 13.________孤独的；寂寞的 14.________照顾；非常喜欢 15.________几个；数个；一些 16.________强烈的；强壮的 17.________感觉；感触 18.________满足；满意 19.________高兴；愉快 20.________物主；主人 21.________参加...选拔；试用 22.________(尤指长途)旅行；行程 23.________募集；征集 24.________独自；单独 25.________修理；修补 26.________修理；安装 27.________修理；装饰 28.________赠送；捐赠 29.________（外貌或行为）像 30.________破损的；残缺的 31.________车轮；轮子 32.________信；函 33.________女士；小姐 34.________建起；设立 35.________丧失能力的；有残疾的