2014年高考英语语法填空试题汇编有解析

2014年高考英语语法填空试题汇编有解析

(编辑：佚名日期：2014/7/14)

2014全国高考汇编阅读之广告应用类

一（2014福建卷）

第一节短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示，2）首字母提示，3）语境提示，在每个空格内填人一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确，并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。

Many of us were raised with the saying "Waste not, want not.” None of us, (76) _h , can completely avoid waste in our lives.

Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our o wn time, our limited natural(77) （资源）,our money, or other people's time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big (78) _d . It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our(79)h i n a world that is in serious trouble. By focusing on( 80) （节省）oil, water, pap er, food, and clothing, we are playing a part (81) cutting down on waste.

We must keep reminding (82) （白己）that it is easier to get into something (8 3) it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage( 84)d ____to our land is fairly r ecent in the history of our evolution. It's time for us to( 85)____no to waste so th at our grandchildren’s children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness.

Waste not！

76. 【答案】however

【试题解析】很多人都知道：勤俭节约，吃穿不愁。然而几乎没有人能够做到不浪费。根据句义可知上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词However表示转折，前后都需要使用符合隔开。

77. 【答案】resources

【试题解析】通常使用复数形式resources表示具体的资源，在本句中作为动词waste的宾语。

78. 【答案】difference

【试题解析】固定搭配make a difference起作用，有影响；小习惯会产生很大的作用和影响，所以我们一定要注意自己的一些微小的习惯，以避免浪费。

79. 【答案】best

【试题解析】固定搭配do one’s best全力以赴，努力，尽最大的努力。

80. 【答案】saving

【试题解析】动词短语focus on聚焦于…；其中的on是介词，后面要接动名词或者名词作宾语。句义：通过聚焦节省石油，水，纸等，我们在减少浪费方面起着很大的作用。81. 【答案】in

【试题解析】考察固定搭配。Paly a part in…在…中起作用；本句告诉我们，通过节约，我们可以在减少浪费方面起很大作用。

82. 【答案】ourselves

【试题解析】本句中的反身代词ourselves在句中作为remind的宾语，起强调作用。我们一定要提醒我们自己形成浪费的习惯要比戒除这个习惯更容易。

83. 【答案】than

【试题解析】本句前面有形容词比较级easier，说明应该使用than与之对应。我们一定要提醒我们自己形成浪费的习惯要比戒除这个习惯更容易。

84. 【答案】done

【试题解析】固定搭配do damage to…破坏…；本句把名词damage提前，后面的过去分词短语done to our land作为定语修饰名词gamage。

85. 【答案】say

【试题解析】固定搭配say no to…对…说不….；句义：是我们对浪费说不的时候了。

二（2014广东卷）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six mo nths__17____ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mist ake. We 18_____（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19____ _ for the week after. I didn’t understand 20____ this would happen. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manag er came out. She was 22_____（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in suc h an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24____ we watched some peop le play volleyball. We got a little_____（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxi ng that we didn’t mind.

16. 【答案】it

【试题解析】考察代词。在英语中通常使用it指代上文说过的同一个事物，以避免重复。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意：一些去过那里的朋友告诉我说那是一个很理想的度假的地方。

17. 【答案】earlier

【试题解析】本句使用比较级，虽然没有直接出现than等表示比较级的词，根据上下文可知我们早在6个月前就预定好了宾馆。

18. 【答案】were told

【试题解析】本句是一个被动语态，主语we和动词tell之间构成被动关系，故使用被动语态，根据文章第一句可知本文叙述的是我们去年度假的事情，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态。

19. 【答案】but

【试题解析】句意：我们被告知我们的房间没有被预定在这个星期，而是在下一个星期。本句中使用的是not…but…不是…而是…的结构来连接。

20. 【答案】why

【试题解析】本句是一个宾语从句。我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情，而且为了这次预定我的信用卡已经被收费了。名词性从句的连词的选择主要通过上下文的语义实现。根据句意说明使用why。

21. 【答案】for

【试题解析】考察固定搭配charge…for…因为…收费…；其中的for表示目的。我的信用卡被收费，是因为我预定了这个房间。

22. 【答案】surprisingly

【试题解析】副词surprisingly在句中做状语，修饰形容词helpful。本题要特别注意词性的转换，surprise可以作为名词，也可以作为动词。句意：她是出人意料地乐于助人。

23. 【答案】the

【试题解析】本句使用定冠词the表示特指，特指她给了我们一个在顶楼上的VIP的套房。

24. 【答案】where

【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是the beach，后面的定语从句we watched s ome people play volleyball.的句子结构很完整，所以要使用关系副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词是指地点的名词，所以使用where。

25. 【答案】sunburned/ sunburnt

【试题解析】本句考察的是过去分词的一个特殊用法“get+过去分词”表示被动或者状态。如“get paid/burnt”获得报酬/被烫伤。前面的a little修饰sunburnt，指我们有一点点晒伤了。

三（2014湖北卷）

第一节：完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight)

令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。

答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted

71. The community college has to cut down on staff ______. (save)

为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。

72. So far the well-known journalist ______ more than 4,000 interviews with famou s people. (accumulate)

迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积达四千余人次。

73. Sometimes ______ to use examples to explain abstract concepts. (helpful)

有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。

74. The police will reward ______ useful information to catch the robber. (provide) 任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。

75. He’s the only student in the class ______ to take part in the Model United Nat ions conference. (select)

他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的同学。

76. No other technological development has had ______ as the growth of electroni cs on so many aspects of social, economic, and cultural development. (impact)

没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样，对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响。

77. You ______ the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me after wards. (interrupt)

你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。

78. This novel was once the ______ book in high schools in the United States. (re ad)

这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。

79. The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. ______ many stone scu lptures of famous historical figures. (stand)

大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。

80. It was several minutes ______ what he was saying. (take)

过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。

71. 【答案】(in order) to save money

so as to save money

【试题解析】本句考察的不定式作为目的状语，不定式做目的状语是不定式最重要的用法，可以单独放在句首，也可以放在句末。

72. 【答案】has accumulated

【试题解析】本题的关键词是so far到目前为止，该时间状语经常要和现在完成时连用，表示到目前为止所发生的事情。

73. 【答案】it might/may be helpful

【试题解析】本句考察的是it作为形式主语，而把真正的主语to use examples to explai n abstract concepts放在句末。同时使用情态动词may/might表示不提爱确定的可能性。

74. 【答案】whoever provides/has provided

【试题解析】本句考察的是名词性从句中的宾语从句，“特殊疑问词+ever”既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。本题中的whoever引导的是宾语从句，whoever在句中做主语。

75. 【答案】that has been selected

【试题解析】本句考察的是定语从句，当定语从句的先行词是指物的名词，且前面有the o nly修饰的时候，要使用的关系代词是that，本句的先行词是the only student是一个单数形式，使用使用现在完成时的单数形式表示已经被选中。

76. 【答案】such a great impact

as great an impact

【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，当先行词前面有such或者as many/much等修饰的时候，可以使用关系代词as指代先行词引导起定语从句。

77. 【答案】shouldn’t have interrupted

oughtn’t to have interrupted

【试题解析】本句考察的是对过去情况的虚拟，使用“情态动词+have done”的形式。本句中的shouldn’t have done表示本不应该做某事，实际上却做了。

78. 【答案】most widely read

【试题解析】本句考察的复合形容词组的构成法，most修饰wildly read，其中的read是一个过去分词表示被动。

79. 【答案】There stand

【试题解析】本句是一个全部倒装句，当副词there位于句首，且主语是名词的时候，要把谓语动词移到主语的前面，形成全部倒装的形式。因为本句中的动词是矗立，所以使用了s tand。

80. 【答案】before I could take in

before I took in

【试题解析】本句考察的是固定句式：It be+一段时间+before从句，表示一段时间以后某事才发生。有两种时态的构成法。前后读使用过去时，或者before后面使用一般现在时，前面的主句使用将来时。

四（2014湖南卷）

We can choose our friends, but usually we cannot choose our neighbors. However, to get a happy home life, we have to get along with 48 as well as possible.

An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 49 . People should not do things 50 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily. For example, television sets n eed not be played at full volume (音量）51 loud pop music should not be played very late at night. By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjo y 52 friendly relationship with them.

An equally important quality is tolerance. Neighbors should do all they can to avoid

disturbing other people，53 there are times when some level of disturbance is u navoidable. 54 neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to sh ow their tolerance. In this way, everyone will live 55 peace.

48. 【答案】them

【试题解析】考察上下文串联。本句中的them就是指第一句中的neighbors。句义：我们可以选择朋友，但是我们不能选择邻居。然而，为了幸福的家庭生活，我们不得不要和邻居尽可能地好好相处。

49. 【答案】others

【试题解析】考察代词。Others其他人；句义：在邻里相处方面一个很重要的品质就是要为他人做考虑。Others是没有范围限制的其他人，本句中没有提及范围限制。

50. 【答案】which/that

【试题解析】考察定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词是things，使用关系代词that/ which指代先行词在句中做主语。句义：人们不应该做一些打扰他们邻居的事情。

51. 【答案】and

【试题解析】考察句子结构。本句是一个并列句。句义：订书机不需要开到最大的音量，吵闹的音乐也不应该在很晚的时候播放。本句中的两句都是说明我们不应该做一些打扰邻居的事情，所以使用and连接这两个并列句。

52. 【答案】a

【试题解析】考察冠词。本横线后面的名词relationship是一个可数名词，使用a修饰表示泛指。句义：通过避免做这些让邻居难受的事情，你可以和邻居有很好的关系。

53. 【答案】but

【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义：邻居要做所有能做的事情来避免打扰他人，但是有时候一些打扰又是不可避免的。根据句义可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，故使用but。

54. 【答案】If/When

【试题解析】考察连词辨析。句义：如果邻居想要友好相处，他们就不得不表示出他们的容忍。本句可以使用if也可以使用when，在条件句或者时间状语从句中，都可以使用一般现在时代替将来时。

55. 【答案】in

【试题解析】考察固定搭配in peace安静，宁静；句义：通过这种方法，每个人都可以生活在安宁之中。

五（2014辽宁卷）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jonny: Hey! I’m just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?

Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?

Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this. Peter: OK. Don’t laugh 61 me. I may look funny.

Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, natur ally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to ke ep your balance and don’t let your body shake.

Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).

Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds.

Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.

Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It as ks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master b orrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., 69 you don’t mind, I’ll stop and take a deep 70 .

61. 【答案】at

【试题解析】考察固定搭配laugh at…嘲笑…；根据下面一句I may look funny也许我看上去很滑稽，所以先提醒对方不要嘲笑我。

62. 【答案】softly

【试题解析】本句应该使用副词softly与前面的naturally一起作为状语修饰前面的动词。要很自然柔和地弯曲膝盖伸展胳膊。

63. 【答案】painful

【试题解析】本句横线前面是系动词become，说明横线上应该使用形容词构成系表结构，所以使用形容词painful。

64. 【答案】holding

【试题解析】固定搭配keep doing sth一直做某事；本句表示要一直维持住这个位置一段时间，会帮助发展你的力气和灵活性。

65. 【答案】it

【试题解析】这里的it就是指前面的raise your leg中的your leg。用it指代上文提及的同一事物。

66【答案】is called

【试题解析】本句是一个被动语态的形式。句义：在英语里，太极被称为“shadow boxing”。根据句义可知表示被动语态。

67. 【答案】as

【试题解析】本句是一个固定搭配as well as…和…，也…；太极要求你像水英语行动，灵活也要强大…；

68. 【答案】harder

【试题解析】本句是一个固定句式：the 比较级…, the 比较级…“越…就越….”；你越来用力击打他，你越可能被击中，他能够控制你。因为对方会借力打力。

69. 【答案】if

【试题解析】句义：这真是难以相信，如果你不介意，我项停下了深呼吸一下。

70. 【答案】breath

【试题解析】Peter认为这样的事情是不可能的，所以他想深呼吸让自己平静下来。故使用take a deep breath深呼吸。

六（2014陕西卷）

第一节单词拼写（共10题；每题1分，满分10分）

根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。

66. The first few weeks of this __________________（春天）were unusually cold.

67. Take the lift to the __________________（第十）floor, and you will find the gy m.

68. We can eat out if you like, but I would __________________（更喜欢）to stay in.

69. Keep in mind that it is a shame to __________________（浪费）food.

70. It was __________________（勇敢的）of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.

71. I’m happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how to ________________ __（下载）from the Internet.

72. They failed to reach a settlement, because they __________________（不同意）too much with each other.

73. Men and Women must be treated __________________（平等地）in education and employment.

74. On June 27, 2012, the Jiaolong reached a __________________（深度）of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean.

75. The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many __________ ________（申请人）.

66. 【答案】spring

【试题解析】名词春天spring；句义：今年春天的前几个星期在不同寻常地冷。

67. 【答案】tenth

【试题解析】本句中的tenth是一个序数词，表示第十个。句义：乘坐电梯到十楼，你就会找到那个健身房！

68. 【答案】prefer

【试题解析】动词更喜欢prefer，构成固定搭配prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事；如果你喜欢，我们就出去吃饭，但是我更喜欢在家里吃饭。

69. 【答案】waste

【试题解析】本句考察的是动词浪费waste。句义：请记住浪费食物是可耻的事情。

70. 【答案】brave

【试题解析】形容词勇敢的brave，该词表示的是人的性格，所以后面可以加of sb。句义：辞职自己做生意，Mary真是很勇敢。

71. 【答案】download

【试题解析】动词下载download。句义：我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了从网上如何下载。

72. 【答案】disagreed

【试题解析】动词不同意disagree，该词是一个不及物动词，后面接介词on/to/with等等。

73. 【答案】equally

【试题解析】副词平等地eaqully修饰动词be treated。句义：在教育和就业方面男性和女性必须被平等对待。

74. 【答案】depth

【试题解析】名词深度depth，是由形容词deep转换而来。句义：在2012年6月份，蛟龙号到达了太平洋底部7062米的深度。

75. 【答案】applicants

【试题解析】名词申请人applicant。前面有many修饰，所以使用复数形式applicants。句义：当地报纸上招收工程师的广告吸引了很多申请人。

七（2014新课标I）

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ??????????????????????????__61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be clea ned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environ mental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It to ok years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___i s driving your family crazy. Poss ibly you drink too much or don’t know how to cont rol your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you wa nt a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, li ke cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).

61. 【答案】was

【试题解析】根据本段第一句In 1969,the pollution was terrible可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cleveland在过去被污染地如此地严重，过去没有人能够想象倒这条河被清理干净。

62. 【答案】actually

【试题解析】本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire，actual是形容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。

63. 【答案】the

【试题解析】本句横线后面的most是最高级的形式，所以使用the most outstanding的形式。

64. 【答案】or

【试题解析】句义：但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or“或者”

表示选择的意思。

65. 【答案】to reduce

【试题解析】考察固定句式：It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花了某人…时间；句中的不定式to reduce he industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。

66. 【答案】cleaner

【试题解析】句义：最后人们的努力得到了回报，现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。

67. 【答案】that/which

【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系动词that/whi ch指代先行词在句做主语。

68. 【答案】amazing

【试题解析】现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物，过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物。横线后面是名词story，说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。

69. 【答案】changes

【试题解析】本句中谓语部分是系动词are，说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以使用changes。

70. 【答案】Patient

【试题解析】横线前面有系动词be，说明本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们要耐心一点。

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