国家《公共营养师》理论考试(四级)试题二

国家《公共营养师》理论考试（四级）试题二

一、单项选择题

1.ATP中含有的矿物质元素为（）。

A.磷

B.硫

C.碘

D.锌

2. 正确阐述职业道德与人的事业的关系的选项是（）。

A. 职业道德是做人的行为准则

B. 要取得事业的成功，前提条件是要有职业道德

C. 没有职业道德的人不会获得成功

D. 事业成功的人往往不需要较高的职业道德

3.下列食物哪一类含较多的亚硝酸钠。（）

A.乳品

B.肉品

C.水果

D.面类

4.一克食盐（氯化钠）含有（）。

A.3gNa，17gCl

B.0.5gNa，0.5gCl

C.0.6gNa,0.4gCl

D.0.4gNa,0.6gCl

5. 有人喝完牛奶后发生胀气、腹泻，其主要原因可能是由于体内缺乏( )。

A.蛋白酶

B.脂肪酶

C.乳糖酶

D.淀粉酶

6.体液的正常pH值是（）。

A.7.35-7.45

B.7.45-8.35

C.6.55-7.15

D.4.55-5.65

7. 有位2岁患儿囟门尚未闭合，胸骨外凸，腹部膨出，双脚并立时双膝不能靠拢，患儿最可能的病因是（）。

A.维生素K缺乏

B.维生素C过量

C.维生素D缺乏

D.维生素A过量

8. 以下何种饮食不包括在医院基本饮食内（）。

A.普通饮食

B.低脂饮食

C.流质饮食

D.软饭

9.有关调味料如酱油、味素等的叙述何者正确。（）

A.都含高量钠，应尽量避免摄取

B.含高量饱和脂肪，应避免

C.含高钾

D.含高糖量，应避免摄取太多

10.猪肝含高量的（）。

A.铁质

B.硫

C.钠

D.镁

11.营养不良包括（）。

A.营养不足

B.营养过剩

C.营养过剩和失调

D.营养不足，过剩及失调

12.有一位男游泳运动员，最近训练成绩并不很理想，总感觉训练后非常疲乏，平时亦感无力。面色有些苍白，常有头晕眼花，检查发现，眼睑苍白，血红蛋白值低于正常，原因可能是（）。

A.膳食核黄素缺乏

B.膳食铁缺乏

C.膳食蛋白质缺乏

D.膳食锌缺乏

13.痛风症应控制的食物是（）。

A.海带

B.冬瓜

C.蚕豆

D.白切猪肉

14.以下哪种营养素是宏量营养素（）。

A.蛋白质

B.钙

C.磷

D.铁

15．十二指肠球部溃疡，合并上消化道出血（较大量），营养治疗方案是（）。

A.清流质

B.禁食

C.温热流质

D.冷流质

16. 母亲妊娠期间严重缺碘，对胎儿发育影响最大的是（）。

A.中枢神经系统

B.骨骼系统

C.循环系统

D.内分泌系统

17.消耗量高的米易缺乏的营养素有（）。

A.钙

B.锌

C.铜

D.铁

18. 医院营养科营养厨房物资保管分类应是( )。

A.谷类、豆类；荤食品类

B.谷类、豆类；荤食品；杂品、调味品、油脂类

C.谷类、豆类；荤食品类；杂品、调味品、油脂类及干货类

D.谷类、豆类、荤食品类；杂品，调味品、油脂类：干货类；蔬菜类；配方营养素类；日用品库内物品

19.分析意见及提出改进方案的步骤不包括（）。

A.分析意见

B.提出纠正措施

C.追究责任人

D.管理落实

20. 豆类食品中所含矿物质的特点是( )。

A.高钾、低镁、低钠

B.低钾、高镁、低钠

C.高钾、高镁、低钠

D.高钾、低镁、高钠

21.暗黑色的瓶装奶是为了防止何种维生素受破坏。（）

A.B

2 B.B

1

C.C

D.E

22.下列有关维生素的叙述何者有误。（）

A.有脂溶性与水溶性

B.是一种无机物所以不能供给能量

C.脂溶性较难排泄所以蓄积造成毒性

D.有一部分身体可以自制

23.《消费者权益保护法》规定，经营者应当向消费者提供有关商品或服务的真实信息，不得（）。

A.作引人误解的虚假宣传

B.以次充好，欺诈经营

C.挂羊头，卖狗肉

D.假冒伪劣，盗用品牌

24.勤劳节俭的现代意义在于（）。

A.勤劳节俭是促进经济和社会发展的重要手段

B.勤劳是现代市场经济需要的，而节俭则不宜提倡

C.节俭阻碍消费，因而会阻碍市场经济的发展

D.勤劳节俭只有利于节省资源，但与提高生产效率无关

25.维生素E的需要量以何者为活性单位。（）

A.视网醇

B.α-生育醇

C.胆钙化固醇

D.烟草酸

26.植物来源胡萝卜素的吸收需（）。

A.胃酸

B.胰泌素

C.胆盐

D.肠液的协助

27.缺乏维生素A造成（）。

A.骨质软化症

B.干眼病

C.癞皮病

D.青光眼

28.询问检验就是通过询问寻找蛛丝马迹，以帮助（）原料的真伪。

A.检测

B.明确

C.辨别和确定

D.评价

29.维生素D的构造与何者相似。（）

A.血红素

B.胆固醇

C.胰岛素

D.肾上腺素

30.人体表面所含有的D3前身为（）。

A.麦角固醇

B.钙化固醇

C.7-去氢胆固醇

D.以上皆非

31.关于维生素D的叙述，何者有误。（）

A.不能自己制造

B.白色结晶，脂溶性

C.是钙磷代谢所需

D.以上皆非

32.贮存效果最差的维生素是（）。

A.A

B.D

C.E

D.K

33.蛋白质主要是由哪4种元素组成的（）。

A.钾、钠、钙、镁

B.铁、铜、锌、钙

C.碳、氢、氧、氮

D.碳、氢、硫、磷

34.婴儿在几个月龄前不宜添加谷类等含淀粉的食物。（）

A.2个月

B.3个月

C.4个月

D.5个月

35.下列哪种物质属于膳食纤维。（）

A.蔗糖

B.淀粉

C.果胶

D.果糖

36.下列何者不是Vit D的缺乏症（）。

A.高血酮症

B.佝偻症

C.骨软化症

D.低血钙症

37.Vit E以何型态存于自然界。（）

A.视网醇

B.生育醇

C.核黄素

D.氨

38. 参与构成谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的营养素是( )。

A.铁

B.锌

C.硒

D.硫胺素

39.老年人饮食应注意( )。

A.蛋白适量而质优

B.控制碳水化合物的摄入，应以蔗糖为主

C.植物油可多多摄入

D.总热能摄入不变

40.不属于无机盐的元素是( )。

A.锌

B.氮

C.钙

D.硒

41.水溶性维生素的共同特点为( )。

A.一般有前体物

B.不易吸收

C.会积蓄中毒

D.宜每日供给

42.下列有关豆类的说法中不正确的是( )。

A.大豆中有抗胰蛋白因子可影响蛋白质消化

B.豆类中第一限制氨基酸为蛋氨酸

C.多食豆类有利于防止动脉粥样斑块的发生

D.大豆中的不饱和脂肪酸以α-亚麻酸含量最多

43.目前确定的必需脂肪酸是( )。

A.亚油酸、花生四烯酸、α-亚麻酸

B.亚油酸、α-亚麻酸

C.亚油酸、花生四烯酸

D.α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸

44.有关硫胺素，下列哪些说法是不正确的。( )

A.硫胺素为羧化酶和转酮酶的辅酶

B.硫胺素在碱性溶液中十分稳定

C.硫胺素的典型缺乏症为脚气病

D.谷类食物过分精细加工会损失硫胺素

45.植物油中亚油酸含量最低的是( )。

A.棉油

B.玉米油

C.椰子油

D.橄榄油

D.胃内食物的量与胃排空的速率有关

二、判断题

1. 高血压病人的饮食，应是低盐、低热能、低脂肪(高P/S值)、低胆固醇、丰富的维生素，不饮酒和吸烟，不喝浓烈的饮料等等。 ( )

2. 老年人蛋白质、维生素的需要量应低于成人。 ( )

3. 《野生动物保护法》规定：禁止出售、收购国家重点保护的野生动物或其产品。因特殊情况，需要出售、收购、利用国家一级保护野生动物或者其产品的必须经国务

院野生动物保护行政主管部门活着其授权的单位批准。 ( )

4. 新生儿可以用未加稀释的鲜牛奶喂养。 ( )

5. 爱岗敬业作为职业道德的内在要求，指的是员工要热爱自己喜欢的工作岗位。( )

6. 女孩子第二性征发育与脂肪有一定关系。 ( )

7. 血中的葡萄糖是大脑唯一能利用的能源。 ( )

8. 考试前大脑对氧气的需要量增加。 ( )

9. 长时间学习后会感觉头昏脑胀，是由于脑血管极度扩张的原因。 ( )

10. 奶是属于成酸性食物。 ( )

国家《公共营养师》理论考试（四级）试题二

答案

一、单项选择题（每题1分，共60分）

1.A

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.C

6.A

7.C

8.B

9.A 10.A

11.D 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B

16.A 17.D 18.D 19.C 20.C

21.A 22.B 23.A 24.A 25.B

26.C 27.B 28.C 29.B 30.B

31.A 32.B 33.C 34.B 35.C

36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.B

41.D 42.D 43.B 44.B 45.C

二、判断题（每题2分，共40分）

1. √

2. ×

3. √

4. ×

5. ×

6. √

7. √

8. √

9. √ 10. ×

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