【威学教育】钱梦娟Fancy托福口语TPO-12听力文本

TPO 12

Task 3：

Now, listen to two students discussing the article.

(man) What do you think of the proposal?

(woman) I think it’ll work. I mean, the range of the station now is basically limited to the campus. So it’s basically just a few programs mainly for students.

(man) Yeah?

(woman) Well, if this proposal goes through there will be more programs and it’ll give the students more professional experience as they expand the programming for a much larger, you know, real-life audience. And stuff like that will give them a better shot at getting a job after they graduate.

(man) Of course.

(woman) Besides, the whole university will benefit from it.

(man) What do you mean?

(woman) Well, you know my friend Tony, right? He told me that the radio station at his university did something like this about five years ago.

(man) And?

(woman) Well, it’s a succe ss! They are making a lot of money out of commercials and they are using it to offer more scholarships and to help fund projects to renovate the facilities of other programs.

(man) That sounds really good.

The woman supports the proposal described in the article. Explain why she thinks it will achieve the university s goals.

Task 4：

Now, listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.

(male professor)

Consider this experiment. Two groups of people were asked to watch TV and while they are watching a picture flashed on the screen less than a second, very quickly so it was barely noticeable.

The picture was a boy with a birthday cake. Now, like I said, there were two groups and each group saw a slightly different version of the picture. One group got the boy looking angry, in fact, he was actually throwing the cake on the floor. The other group got a picture of the boy smiling, happy, holding up the cake like he was offering it . Same boy, same cake but different emotions expressed in each picture.

Everyone was then asked to look at a different image. Now, this is a third image, right? Again, it's the boy and the cake, but this time the image stayed on the screen. In this picture, the boy’s just holding the cake basically no emotion on his face, ev erything

very neutral.

Now, remember, nobody knew they’d already seen a picture of this boy. After a minute, everyone was asked to describe the boy’s personality. Those who’d been exposed to the image of the angry boy, they generally described the boy’s personality negatively. Those who’d earlier seen the happy boy described him, well, positively.

Describe what subliminal perception is and explain how the experiment discussed by the professor illustrates this phenomenon.

Task 5:

Listen to a conversation between two students.

(man) Hey, Madison, what’s wrong?

(woman) Oh, I’m just struggling about what to do? I won an award from the Pacific Journalism Institute for an article I submitted, and…

(man) Doesn’t sound like anything’s wrong.

(woman) Well, it’s a huge honor to win and there’s an award ceremony they’ve invited me to attend which I am super excited about. But, and here’s what’s frustrating, I’ve got a philosophy exam that scheduled to end right when the ceremony begins.

(man) Uh oh! You’re saying you’ll just be finishing up taking the exam right when the ceremony starts?

(woman) Exactly!

(man) But those ceremonies never start on time, they give long introductions, you know, after a general speech or something before they ever get to handing out awards. I’m sure they won’t be ready to hand out your award right at the beginning. Just go when you’re done with the test. You won’t miss anything important.

(woman) Maybe, but that’s a bit risky. I don’t want to miss being there when the y announce my name.

(man) Well, have you talked to your professor about this?

(woman) Dr. Forester? No.

(man) Maybe she’ll let you take the test some other time.

(woman) True. She lets people reschedule exams sometimes. But she always make them take it a couple of days early, that’ll mean less studying time for me which I’m not thrilled about.

(man) Less time to study, Oh!

(woman) Like I said, I’m still struggling about what to do.

The speakers discussed two possible solutions to the woman’s p roblem. Briefly summarize the problem then state which of the solutions you recommend and explain why.

Task 6：

Listen to part of a lecture in an economics class.

(female professor)

So, when we talked about the demand for a product, we’re referring to how much consumers want to buy it, right? And often the demand for a product is influenced by its price, the more expensive it becomes the less chance people want to buy it.

OK, but that's not the whole story. Sometimes the demand for a product can also be influenced by the price of other related products.

First, there are other products called “substitute goods”. If products can be substituted for one another then, um, well, then they are called substitute goods. They are similar enough to be interchangeable. And, uh, the increase of price of one means the increase for the demand of the other. Like, uh, like butter and margarine. They are pretty much used for the same purposes. Margarine’s butter’s substitute and you can bake equally well with either. Well, when the price of butter goes up, it becomes less affordable, and so what do people do? They buy margarine instead, right? So, uh, you see, increase of the price of butter increases the demand for margarine.

Now, another instance with the price of one product can influence the demand of another is, uh, is when you have two products that can't be used without each other. Those products we call “compliment goods” They compliment, or complete, each other, if you will. Like compact disks and compact disk players. You need both products in order to use either. So if the price of either product increases demand for both is likely to decrease. And if the price of the CD’s goes up, well, demand for them will do down, right? And because CD’s and CD player c ompliment each other, what will also happen is that the demand for CD player will go down, too.

Using the points and examples from the talk, explain how substitute goods and compliment goods influence demandfor a particular product.