现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)
doing sth 作状语的分类
☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。如：
▲doing sth.作时间状语：
﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.
﹡Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.
=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.
﹡(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.
= When he heard the news, he got frightened.
﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.
﹡Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back.
▲doing sth.作原因状语：
Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way.
Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.
Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.
▲doing sth.作结果状语：
﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.
making it difficult to travel from place to place 是结果状语。
现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性（自然结果）。（making 可以改为which makes，相当于一个前因后果的非限制性定语从句。）
﹡He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.
他每天回来得很晚，这是他的妻子很生气。
=He comes home late every evening, which makes his wife very angry.
=He comes home late every evening, and it makes his wife very angry.
﹡Mary failed all her exams, making both her parents very angry.
玛丽未能通过一门考试，这是她父母非常生气。
﹡European football is played in more than80countries,making it one of the most popular games in the world.(NMET1998全国卷)
﹡The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
﹡Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.
﹡Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
﹡She threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
﹡The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song
﹡The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.
▲doing sth.作条件状语：
Listening to English every day （If you listen to English every day），you’ll learn it well step by step.
Using your head, you’ll find a good way.
Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.
Working hard, you'll succeed.
Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a lake.
Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.
▲doing sth.作让步状语：
Working so hard, he failed again.
Living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
☆理解技巧：
分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
▲doing sth.作方式状语：
He came running back to tell me the news.
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
They eat using the fingers of their right hands.
He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。
▲doing sth.作伴随状语：
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.
= Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.
The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, cutting the branch.
All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.
The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.
He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.
He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。（☆过去分词短语也可以作伴随状语）
☆理解技巧：
理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。
英语中V-ing形式作伴随状语时,它表示的是一个次要的动作,来对谓语表示的动作加以说明或作为陪衬。一般将其置于句后,可用逗号与主句成分分开。例如:1.Don’t sit there doing https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0e18679781.html,e and help me with this table.不要坐在那里什么也不做;过来帮我收拾餐桌
现在分词作状语及习题
现在分词作状语 一、现在分词具有形容词和副词特征，用作副词时，充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、方式以及让步状语。 1. 作时间状语，可改为时间状语从句，分词前可加while或when等连词。 When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. =When we compare different cultures… (06全国) 2. 作条件状语，可改为条件状语从句，分词前可加once, until, if等连词。 Turning to the right, you will find the path leading to the park. =If you turn to the left … 3. 作原因状语，可改为原因状语从句。 Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam. =Because/ As he had been ill in bed… (04福建) 4. 作结果状语，可改为which引导非限制性定语从句，分词前可加thus，加强语气。 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record $57.65 a barrel on April. =…, which reach a record $57.65 a barrel on April. (05山东) 5. 作让步状语，可改为让步状语从句，分词前可加although, though, even if, even though等连接词。 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. = Though his parents lack money, they … (02上海) 6. 作伴随状语，相当于and连接并列谓语。 About one-six undergraduates in Beijing this year are willing to spend as much as 2,6oo Yuan on driving courses, seeing it as an investment in their future. = …, and see it as an investment in their future. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away =…and ran away (05全国) 7. 作方式状语。Jack came here, running. 二、现在分词的时态以及否定形式 分词的动作与谓语同时发生用一般式，可转化为on+动名词或when/while引导的时间状语从句，从句根据语境用一般过去时或过去进行时；分词动作先于谓语动词用完成式，可转化为after+动名词的一般式或after /when引导的时间状语从句，从句中用完成式；现在分词的否定式：not+分词构成。 Hearing his father’s voice, the boy turned off the TV set at once. = On hearing his father’s voice…或When the boy heard father’s voice, he… Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京） =After waiting in the queue…或When Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour, he… 三、现在分词的逻辑主语及独立结构 分词作状语，逻辑主语与句子主语一致；如不一致时，分词带上自己的逻辑主语，形成独立主格结构。 误：While watching television, the doorbell rang. (05全国) 正：While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring. (05全国) 误：Being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 正：It being sunny, we went on a spring outing. 四、掌握以下区别 1. 首动词的用法区别
现在分词讲解及训练
现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.
现在分词作状语详解
教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同 重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
现在分词作状语的分类(伴随、让步、条件、时间等等)资料讲解
谓语动词: 有提示词, 句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构) I. I _______ (tell) by my classmates about that. 2. My mother often __________ (stop) me from watching TV. 时态语态变化, 及主谓一致 非谓语动词(主动---doing , 被动---done, 目的/结果/将要to do ,) 1. We must also consider the reaction of the person __________ (receive) the gift. 2. My pupils, Tom__________ (include), liked her. 1. He entered, ________ (hold) a book in his hand. 2. He entered the room and _______ (hold) a book in his hand. 3. I politely refused her invitation and _____ (walk) away. 4. I politely refused her invitation, ______ (walk) away. 两个动词是同时发生的时候 主语+ 谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2 主语+ 谓语，+非谓语 1. When he _______ (come) in, I was reading a book. 2. Unless I ________ (invite), I won’t attend he party. 3. When _____ (hear) the news, I was excited. 4. Unless ____ (invite), I won’t attend he party. --- When / if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语+非谓语（--- ing /---ed ) , 主句---When / if / unless / /After /Before等连词+ 主语+ 谓语，主句 1. A boy ________( call ) Jack came here today 2. A boy who ________( call ) Jack came here today 3. We enjoy the movie _________ (direct) by a world famous artist. 4. We enjoy the movie which_________ (direct) by the world famous artist. 名词后没关系词时+ 非谓语, 非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语 名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语 1.“You can’t catch me!” Jan et shouted, _______ (run) away. 2.He said thanks and ____ (smile) a row of teeth. 3.When first ___________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 4.When he_______( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend. 5.________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock. 6.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______(know) only to people with specific knowledge. [例1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. （2011广东卷） [例2] He spit it out, __37___(say) it was awful. （2010广东卷） [例3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting turn
(完整版)现在分词与动词不定式做结果状语的区别
现在分词与动词不定式做结果状语的区别(by 曹霞) 请看下面这道高考题： (NMET1998) European football is played in 80 countries, _____it the most popular sports in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 1. He got home to learn that his father was ill. 有时为了强调，可以在不定式短语前加only。 2. Tom got to the station only to find the train had gone. 3. Marry hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. 4. .I rushed to the station in a hurry, only to find the train already gone. 5. They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 他们搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。 6. I ran to the school, only to be informed that I wasn't admitted by Beijing University. 7. He survived the crash only to die in the desert. 从上例可知，不定式做结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。 7. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 8. It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. 9. He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident. 10. He watered the flowers in the garden more often, only making things worse. 11. The child fell，__________ (strike) his head against the door and cutting it． 12：Her husband died in 1942, ___________ (leave) her with five children. 13. The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus ____________（ｃａｕｓｅ）the delay. 14. He was caught in the rain, thus __________ (make) himself catch cold. 15. After the meeting, they parted company, never to see each other. 从上面四个例句中我们可以看得出来，作为结果状语的现在分词短语所表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果。分词短语前有时可加上副词thus或thereby（因而、因此）。 (only) to do→出乎意料干某事 总结(thus / thereby) doing →顺理成章干某事
现在分词短语作伴随状语
其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体 分词短语作伴随状语 伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 ）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子 过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。 做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作 分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分)
通过高考题精讲现在分词作结果状语
通过高考题精讲现在分词作结果状语 简单句，v-ing………..（摆在后面） 一般表示顺其自然的结果。 (2012天津) 11. He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left 解析：本题选择C. 本题考查现在分词作结果状语。 本句可改为并列结构： He got up late and hurried to his office, and it left the breakfast untouched. 语态上看：it left 是主动。 时态上看：是一般式，所以用leaving。 不定式往往是出乎意料的结果，本题是合乎逻辑自然的结果。句意：他起得迟，又急冲冲赶到办公室，结果早饭动都没动。
(2010天津)12. It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解析：本题选择C. 本题考查现在分词作结果状语。 本句可改为并列结构： It rained heavily in the south, so it caused serious flooding in several provinces. 语态上看：it caused 是主动。 时态上看：是一般式，所以用causing。 不定式往往是出乎意料的结果，本题是合乎逻辑自然的结果。句意：南方雨下的很大，结果造成很多省份出现严重洪灾。
现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语的句式
现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语的句式Oct 11, 2020 “Sb do, doing / done.” 说明: 该句式，逗号之前是主句，逗号之后是现在分词和过去分词做伴随状语。也就是，分词的动作和主句谓语的动作同时发生。现在分词doing 和主句的主语，在逻辑上是主动关系。过去分词done 和主句主语，在逻辑上是被动关系。例如： 1.The bell rang, announcing the end of the class. 铃声响了，宣布课堂结束。 2.He lay still, catching his breath. 他静静地躺着，呼吸困难。 3.Father sat in the chair, watching TV. 爸爸坐在椅子上，看电视。 4.Mother was in the kitchen, cooking for the whole family. 妈妈在厨房，为全家人做饭。 (说明：1-4句，是现在分词做伴随状语。) 5.The teacher came into the classroom , followed by his students. 老师进来了，同学们跟在身后。 6.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. 老师站在那里，被同学们包围着。 7.Richard Jones returned home, exhausted. 他回到家，精疲力尽。 8.I watched the moving model of the machine, absorbed by its efficiency. 我观察着这台运行的机器，被它的高效率吸引住了。 (说明：5-8句，是过去分词做伴随状语。）
现在分词作状语练习-含答案
1. It rained heavily in the south，________ serious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津） A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 2. ________ at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京） A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 3. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ______supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建） A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent 4. He had a wonderful childhood，_______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽) A. travel B.to travel. C. traveled D. traveling 5. Dina, ________ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南） A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 6. The lawyer listened with full attention，________ to miss any point．（2010 四川）注意是分詞の否定還是不定式の否定 A．not trying B．trying not
现在分词短语作伴随状语
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现在分词作状语详解
朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream that I’m hom e. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（On）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语: 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school. =Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the school. 四．表示让步，相当于让步状语从句 Although they knew all this，they made me pay for the damage. = Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 五．现在分词表伴随。 She came into the house, and carried a lot of books. =She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time. =He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 六．现在分词表示主句的动作所带来的必然结果，相当于一个并列谓语 His father died, and left him a lot of money. =His father died, leaving him a lot of money. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, and broke it into pieces. =She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. His car was caught in the traffic jam ,causing him to be late. 他的车陷入了交通堵塞，结果引起他迟到了。 He didn' t come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work. 他今天没来，因而我们必须找人干他的工作。 课堂巩固练习
现在分词短语做状语
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