博士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题及详解(12)【圣才出品】
博士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题及详解（12）
SECTION I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20%)
（略）
SECTION ⅡSTRUCTUREAND VOCABULARY (35%)
Part A
Directions: Questions 31-40 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then blacken your
answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
31. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ______.
A. it is the American antelope
C. being the American antelope
B. is the American antelope
D. the American antelope is
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个大陆草地典型居住者是美洲羚羊。本句是倒装句结构。
32. In order to remain in existence ______ must, in the long run, produce something
consumers consider useful or desirable.
A. a profit-making organization
C. therefore a profit-making organization
B. a profit-making organization which
D. whichever a profit-making organization
【答案】A
【解析】句意：从长远来看，为了生存，一个赢利组织必须生产出消费者认为有用或者称心的东西。空白部分所填内容应在句中充当主语。
33. The regulation requires that everyone ______ the federal government in January each year.
A. who held a non-immigrant visa reported his address to
B. who holds a non-immigrant visa reports his address to
C who holds a non-immigrant visa report his address to
D. who holding a non-immigrant visa report his address to
【答案】C
【解析】句意：规章要求持非移民签证的人每年1月向联邦政府报告他的地址。require that句型中需用虚拟语气，结构为(should)＋do。
34. The greater the population there is in a locality, ______ for water, transportation,
and disposal of refuse.
A. the greater the need there is
C. is there great need
B. greater need
D. the more greater need
【答案】A
【解析】固定结构，the more…, the＋比较级。
35. Economic goods may take the form ______ of material things or of services.
A. because
B. as
C. either
D. both
【答案】C
【解析】句意：经济产品以实物形式或以服务形式出现。either…or两者中的任何一个，表选择。
36. When ______ in arctic regions, they construct huts as temporary winter shelters.
A. travel
B. traveled
C. traveling
D. they traveled
【答案】A
【解析】省略句型，原句应为when they travel in arctic regions。
37. The extent of the harmful effect of locoweeds on animals depends on the soil
______ the plants grow.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. that which
【答案】C
【解析】in which引导定语从句修饰the soil，原句正常语序为the plants grow in the soil。
38. The operetta first ______ as a popular form of musical theater in the nineteenth century.
A. to emerge
B. emerging
C. had emerged
D. emerged
【答案】D
【解析】句意：19世纪小歌剧最初以流行音乐剧院形式出现。本句陈述过去发生事实，用一般过去式。
39. ______ by transferring the blames to others is often called scapegoating.
A. Eliminate problems
C. Eliminating problems
B. The eliminated problems
D. Problems being eliminated
【答案】C
【解析】句意：通过把过失转移到别人身上解决问题的行为通常被称为“找替罪羊”。现在分词短语在句中做主语。
40. These compounds could not have formed if the chemical reaction ______ stopped.
A. has been
B. was
C. would have been
D. had been
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果这些化学反应被终止的话，就不可能形成这些化合物。虚拟语气结构if had done,…could/ would have done，表示对过去情况的虚拟。
Part B
Direction:In questions 41-50, each sentence had four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must he changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
【答案】D
【解析】改为had not ended。发生在过去动作left之前，应用过去完成时。
【答案】D
【解析】改为go out。let sb. do sth.
【答案】C
【解析】改为and。between…and…结构。
【答案】C
【解析】改为more modest, 形容词比较级与stronger, healthier并列做become的表语。
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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
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