2012年12月大学英语四级试卷及答案解析

【作文一】

1. 你的基本情况

your basic information1

2.你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途

you reason for the loan, the amount and purpose

3. 你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算

【作文：图表】

图表作文

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

The Magician

The revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginning

When it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an “incredible” new electronic gadget (小器具)in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and work with numbers, he once explained, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic”. Mr Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.

The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker. He stood out in three ways-as a technologist, as a corporate (公司的)leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning.

As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer-and that was his great strength. Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics (美学), and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea-the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer(平板电脑)-and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers.

Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy (嬉皮士), permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time. That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision, an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory (轨迹)of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse. The way in which Mr Jobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gates’s Microsoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple so dramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywood movie.

But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the absolute loyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community, with Mr Jobs as its leader. And there was indeed a personal link. Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss’s tastes and to meet his extremely high standards. Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting product feel personal. And that is what put Mr Jobs on the right side of history, as technological innovation (创新)has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.

As our special report in t his issue (printed before Mr Jobs’s death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people’s homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’ systems. Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses, government and the armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions of Facebook and creating their own “app stores” to deliver software to employees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals. Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell. Apple’s products are now bei ng snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas.

Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak (怪人), and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use. Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. His insistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity, has become deep-rooted in his own company, and is spreading to rival firms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask: “What would Steve Jobs do?”

The gap between Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow. This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook, who replaced Mr Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr Jobs to shower his star dust on the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing the best job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr Jobs, Mr Bezos also flattered (抬举)him. With Mr Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products.

Mr Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a “reality distortion (扭曲)field”, such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries. The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “put a ding in the universe” did just that.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. We learn from the first paragraph that nobody could match Steve Jobs in .

A) intelligence C) magic power

B) showmanship D) persuasion skills

2. What did Steve Jobs do that most deeply affected people’s way of life?

A) He invented lots of functional gadgets.

B) He kept improving computer technology.

C) He started the era of personal technology.

D) He established a new style of leadership.

3. Where did Mr Jobs’s great strength lie?

A) His profound insight about consumers’ needs in general.

B) His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets.

C) His firm determination to win in the competition against his rivals.

D) His rich knowledge as a computer scientist and electronic engineer.

4. Many corporate giants saw Steve Jobs as .

A) one of the greatest chief executives of his time

B) a dictator in the contemporary business world

C) an unbeatable rival in the computer industry

D) the most admirable hippy in today’s world

5. For those who have suffered failures in business, Steve Jobs’s life experience serves as .

A) a symbol C) an ideal

B) a standard D) an inspiration

6. What was the most astonishing part of Mr Jobs’s success?

A) He turned a failing company into a profitable business.

B) He set up personal links with many of his customers.

C) He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users.

D) He left his fingerprints all over Apple products.

7. What is mentioned in this issue’s special report about innovation nowadays?

A) It benefits civilians more than the military.

B) New products are first used in the military.

C) Many new ideas first appear on the internet.

D) It originates in the consumer market.

8. In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products, critics complained that they were __________.

9. Amazon, by having hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, did the best job in following Apple’s lead.

10. By channelling the magic of computing into products, Steve Jobs had succeeded in __________.

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more

11. A) He needs another week for the painting.

B) The painting was completed just in time.

C) The building won’t open until next week.

D) His artistic work has been well received.

12. A) Go camping. B) Decorate his house.

C) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party.

13. A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone.

B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary.

C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.

D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright.

14. A) He is actually very hardworking.

B) He has difficulty finishing his project.

C) He needs to spend more time in the lab.

D) He seldom tells the truth about himself.

15. A) Rules restricting smoking.

B) Ways to quit smoking.

C) Smokers’ health problems.

D) Hazards of passive smoking.

16. A) He is out of town all morning.

B) He is tied up in family matters.

C) He has been writing a report.

D) He has got meetings to attend.

17. A) He is not easy-going.

B) He is the speakers’ boss.

C) He is not at home this weekend.

D) He seldom invites people to his home.

18. A) Take a break.

B) Refuel his car.

C) Ask the way.

D) Have a cup of coffee.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A) They are as good as historical films.

B) They give youngsters a thrill.

C) They have greatly improved.

D) They are better than comics on film.

20. A) The effects were very good.

B) The acting was just so-so.

C) The plot was too complicated.

D) The characters were lifelike.

21. A) They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle.

B) They played the same role in War of the Worlds.

C) They are popular figures among young people.

D) They are two leading characters in the film.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

22. A) It is scheduled on Thursday night.

B) It is supposed to last nine weeks.

C) It takes place once a week.

D) It usually starts at six.

23. A) To make good use of her spare time in the evening.

B) To meet the requirements of her in-service training.

C) To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible.

D) To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance.

24. A) Participate in group discussions.

B) Take turns to make presentations.

C) Listen to the teacher’s explanation.

D) Answer the teacher’s questions.

25. A) Most of them are female.

B) Some have a part-time job.

C) They plan to buy a new car.

D) A few of them are old chaps.

Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.

26. A) She is not good at making friends.

B) She is not well off.

C) She enjoys company.

D) She likes to go to concerts alone.

27. A) Their similar social status.

B) Their interdependence.

C) Their common interest.

D) Their identical character.

28. A) Invite Pat to a live concert.

B) Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids.

C) Help take care of Pat’s kids.

D) Pay for Pat’s season tickets.

29. A) It can develop between people with a big difference in income.

B) It can be maintained among people of different age groups.

C) It cannot last long without similar family background.

D) It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart.

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30. A) Priority of students’ academic achievements.

B) Equal education opportunities to all children.

C) Social equality between teachers and students.

D) Respect for students’ individuality.

31. A) Efficient.

B) Complicated.

C) Lengthy.

D) Democratic.

32. A) To help them acquire hands-on experience.

B) To try to cut down its operational expenses.

C) To provide part-time jobs for needy students.

D) To enable them to learn to take responsibility.

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33. A) The best way to work through a finger maze.

B) Individuals doing better in front of an audience.

C) Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology.

D) Improvements on the classification of human behavior.

34. A) When you feel encouraged by the audience.

B) When you try to figure out a confusing game.

C) When you already know how to do something.

D) When you complete with other people in a group.

35. A) Practicing constantly.

B) Working by oneself.

C) Learning by doing.

D) Using proven methods.

Section C

Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) ______ of food available. They have a broader (37) ______ of nutrition (营养), so they buy more fresh fruit and (38) _______ than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39)______ increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.

Statistics show that the way people live (40) ______ the way they eat. American lifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) ______ parents and children, and double-income families. These changing lifestyles are (42) ______ for the increasing number of people who must (43) ______ meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. (44) ______________

_______________________________________. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45) _____________

________________________________________________________. This information not only tells us what people are eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46) __

___________________________________________________________. Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But ___47___ a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when ___48___ is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症).

Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will ___49___ automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be ___50___ . Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they ___51___ such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to ___52___ what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a ___53___ of men u options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s.

As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced ___54___ Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calorie s(卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two ___55___ from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar ___56___ , with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its calories from sugar.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) adapt I) prefer

B) available J) recommending

C) begin K) species

D) concern L) specify

E) criteria M) stop

F) items N) taking

G) nationwide O) variety

H) possible

Section B

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think.

That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunt ers as much as job turnover (人员更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations(解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!

And as it turns out, even today —with job growth near zero —over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.

I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.

But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million peo ple who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.

So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every month in the U.S. You can be one of them.

57. The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______.

A) deprives many people of job opportunities

B) prevents many people from changing careers

C) should not stop people from looking for a job

D) does not mean the U.S. economy is worsening

58. Where do most job openings come from?

A) Job growth. C) Improved economy.

B) Job turnover. D)Business expansion.

59. What does the author say about overall job growth?

A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seeker s.

B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy.

C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.

D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed.

60. What is the key to landing a job according to the author?

A) Education. C) Persistence.

B) Intelligence. D) Experience.

61. What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the U.S.?

A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is.

B) They provide the public with the latest information.

C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy.

D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors —or doesn’t it?

While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.

In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.

It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命).

A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.

It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering scree ning tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.”

That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

62. Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?

A) It is believed to contribute to long life.

B) It is part of their health care package.

C) The elderly are more sensitive about their health.

D) The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.

63. How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?

A) It adds too much to their medical bills.

B) It helps increase their life expectancy.

C) They are doubtful about its necessity.

D) They think it does more harm than good.

64. What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?

A) It applies to women over 50. C) It is optional for young women.

B) It is a must for adult women. D) It doesn’t apply to women over 74.

65. Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?

A) They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.

B) They want to take advantage of the medical care system.

C) They want data for medical research.

D) They want their patients to suffer less.

66. What does the author say is the general view about health care?

A) The more, the better. C) Better early than late.

B) Prevention is better than cure. D) Better care, longer life.

Part V Cloze (15 minutes)

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答

Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed ___67___ the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our ___68___ to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A ___69___ reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is ___70___ to change peopl e’s minds and moods, ___71___ their decision making in measurable ways.

In a study ___72___ online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly ___73___ or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students ___74___ on the back of the shoulder for about one second ___75___ providing verba l(口头的) instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were ___76___ more likely to choose the risky alternative ___77___ were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring(宽慰的)touch of a woman may have induced early associations, ___78___ the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of ___79___ mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.

To further ___80___ that a woman’s touch links feelin gs of security ___81___ risk taking, the researchers asked a ___82___ group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the ___83___ half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a ___84___ of insecurity made students in the latter group ___85___ receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug ___86___ Mom before stepping on the bus.

PartVI Translation (5minutes)

注意：此部分题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出疑问部分。

87. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life___________

(我感到如此激动)!

88. Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she____________________

(可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话).

89. With the noise going on outside the classroom, I had great difficulty________

(集中注意力复习功课).

90.This is the first time I_______________________(听到他们用法语交流).

91. All the information you need to apply for your visa is___________________

(可以免费获取).

The above bar chart clearly shows us education pays in 2010. We see that unemployment rate of those with higher education background is much lower than those with lower education degree. For instance, the unemployment rate of college students with no degree is as high as 14.9% while that of those with doctoral degree is only 1.9%.

The following reason, in my opinion, is the most important one to account for this phenomenon. Compared with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which make them more qualified and competent for their task. Thus, they are less likely to lose their jobs.

This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment. Therefore, education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to avoid unemployment.

快速阅读答案：

1.B

2. A

3. B

4. A

5. D

6. C

7. D

8. closed and inflexible

9. Combined

10. reshaping entire industries

听力答案：

11.W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom.

M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves?

Q: What will the speakers probably do?答案：C.

12.M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there.

W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow.

Q: What do we learn about the woman?答案：C.

13.W: How long have you been running this company?

M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today.

Q: What do we learn about the man?答案：B.

14.M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.

W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it. Q: What does the woman mean?答案：D.

15.W: Taking a bus to Miami, it’s cheaper than going by train.

M: That’s true. But I’d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience.

Q: What does the man mean?答案：D.

16.M: I think it’s time we got rid of all this old fu rniture.

W: You’re right. We need to promote our image besides it’s not a real antique.

Q: What do the speakers mean?答案：C.

17.M: That was some storm yesterday. How was I afraid I couldn’t make it home.

W: Yeah, most of the roads to my house were flooded. I didn’t get home from the lab until midnight.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?答案：B.

18.W: My boys are always complaining that they’re bored.

M: Why don’t you get them into some team sports? My son and daughter play soccer every Saturday. And they both look forward to it all week.

Q: What does the man mean?答案：A.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard

W: So John, I hear you and Arthur share a job, don’t you?

M: Yes. We’ve shared a sales job at Sonatechfor about two years now.

W: Well, how do you divide up your schedule?

M: You know we are both sales representatives, and we take orders over the phone. When we started job sharing it was difficult, because we both worked all day Monday. I worked Tuesday and Thursday and Arthur worked Wednesday and Friday. The problem was that when I was in the office on Tuesday. I would talk to people, then they would call back on Wednesday with a question. But Arthur couldn’t answer the question and he couldn’t ask me about it because I wasn’t in the office. So he had to ask the people to call me back the next day, Thursday. Of course, they didn’t like to wait until the next day to have their questions answered.

W: Yes, that sounds like a problem.

M: So, finally we decided that Arthur would work in the mornings and I would work in the afternoons. Now if someone calls with the question for me in the morning, Arthur tells them to call me in the afternoon. This way, people get their questions answered the same day.

W: What do you do about vacations?

M: Well,Sonatechgives the usual two weeks of vacation to full-time employees, I take a week and Arthur takes a week.

W: It sounds like job sharing has worked out well for you.

M: Yes, it has. We are both happy with it.

Q19. What do John and author do at Sonatech?答案：C.

Q20. What problem did John and Arthur have when they started job sharing?答案：A.

Q21. What does John say about their annual vacation?答案：D.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard

W: May I see your license, please?

M: But officer, did I do something wrong?

W: Do you mean to say you didn’t see the speed limit sign back there?

M: Um, no, madam, I guess I didn’t.

W: In other words, you drove by too fast to read it. The sign says 35m/h. A school is just nearby, you know?

M: Don’t get me wrong, but my speedometer didn’t read much faster than that.

W: Then, why is it that my radar showed you are going 45? Let me put it another way. I’m going to give you a ticket. Again, may I see your license, please?

M: Here it is, officer. But let me explain. I was late for an important appointment and I was worried that I wouldn’t make it on time. So...

W: Uha, just a minute, here. Your license is no longer valid. You should have renewed it two weeks ago. I’m going to have to wr ite you up for that, too.

M: What? Really?

W: Your license becomes invalid on your birthday and that was two weeks ago according to the date here. You are in violation of the law—driving without a valid license.

M: I’m sorry, madam. I hadn’t realized that.

W: Here’s the ticket for not having a valid license. But I’m only going to give you a warning about exceeding the speed limit. Be careful next time.

M: Yes, madam, officer, I will. Thank you.

Q22. Where was the man stopped by the police officer?答案：B.

Q23. What did the man claim about the speed limit sign?答案：A.

Q24. What did the woman say about the man’s driving license?答案：C.

Q25. What was the man’s penalty?答案：B.

Passage 1

Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buy something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping card. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to

explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20,

25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as

I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops, I forgo t to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don’t mind waiting while I go get it.” Five minutes later, he’s back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. Strange is that seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, “Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she’s forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that’s something I can’t afford to forget.

Q26. What does the speaker say about customers’ entering the groc ery store?答案：A.

Q27. Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?答案：D.

Q28. What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?答案：B. Q29. What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?答案：A.

Passage 2

The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal.Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully retain manual scripts. On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers and other cultures. American audiences prefernatural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of communication. They don’t relay well to speakers who read from a manual script. If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepare text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language in style you use when writing. Well retain information, that is meant to be read, does not work aswell when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt retain texts or outlines for presentations. Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words. Listeners are appreciated when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One advantage is that it is much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly. Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.

30. What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?答案：D.

31. What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?答案：B.

32. What does the speaker focus on in the talk?答案：A.

Passage 3

A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that.

If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that they can’t find the way to get the right answer.

Question 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q33 How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?答案：D.

Q34 What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?答案：C.

Q35 What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?答案：A.

Section C

Time is, for the average American, of utmost importance. To the foreign visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things accomplished on time (according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep interpersonal relations. Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest detail.

It may seem to you that most Americans are completely controlled by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off abruptly to make it to their next appointment on time. Americans’ language is filled with references to time, giving a clear indication of how much it is valued. Time is something to be “on,” to be “kept,” “filled,” “saved,” “wasted,” “gained,” “planned,” “given,” “made the most of,” even “killed.”

The international visitor soon learns that it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.

Time is so valued in America, because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve more than if one “wastes” time and doesn’t keep busy. This philosophy has proven its worth. It has ena bled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America. Many American proverbs stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely, and setting and working toward specific goals. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.

答案：

36.foreign37. accomplished38. interpersonal39. detail.40. controlled41. abruptly

42. references43. indication

44. it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.

45. It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America.

46. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.

47. N48. D 49. M 50. B 51. I 52. L 53. O 54. G55. F56. E

47.N take a cue from 固定搭配，表示按…的指点行事。

48.D 在快餐在儿童中引起肥胖症的现象受到越来越多关注的背景之下，19家公司宣誓将为儿童提供更多健康的菜单选择，结合上下文可知空格处应填concern

49.M 因为上一段刚刚提到快餐引起儿童肥胖的问题获得了越来越多的重视，第2段顺承上面的内容，讲到汉堡王采取的相应措施：将从本月起停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水.所以填stop 。

50前面说了将停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水，根据although知道内容上应该是一个转折，所以后面应该是still available，仍然可以买得到。

51. 这句话涉及到一个比较，whether...or, 选项中只有prefer一个课用于比较，所以空格处填prefer.

52. 这是紧接着上一句的，上面刚刚讲到问顾客是选择套餐时是更喜欢选牛奶还是苹果片，这是一种将顾客的需求具体化，所以填specify。

53. a variety of 固定搭配，各种各样的。在这句话中是指其他参与将为美国儿童提供更健康的事物的快餐店，也提供各种各样的菜单选择。

54. 结合上下文可知，(Kid Live Well)“让孩子们生活的更好”运动应该是全国范围内展开的一场大型运动，所以填nationwide。

55 通过第三段第一句话的后半句可以看出，儿童的每顿饭中要包含冒号之后部分的食物中的至少两项，所以55空填item ，指的是后面的选项。

56. 前面提到的食物都是低脂、第卡路里的健康食物，最后一句中提到在其他的要求中，餐馆提供的附加菜必须满足同样的要求, 所以填criteria

答案：

57.答案：C.

解析：本题重点考察作者观点。题干问在作者看来，高失业率怎么样?锁定原文第一段，虽然第一段中的bad for the economy，discouraging，change careers等字眼跟选项ABD当中的词汇很类似，但是要注意的是，真正表达作者观点的是第一段最后一句But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think。其实高失业率跟你没太大关系。包括原文最后一段第一句“So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up.”所以，综上所述，它不该给你找工作带来阻碍，引申意思就是该怎么办就怎么办，不要在意官方统计的高失业率。

58. 答案：B. Job turnover

解析：本题属于细节考查题。题干问大部分的职位空缺来自于哪里?根据四个选项，可以用排除法将business expansion排除，因为原文并未提及。再剩下的三个选项中，根据原文第二段的第一句job growth numbers don’t mat ter to job hunters as much asjob turnover data以及turnovercreates more openings than economic growth does.可以确定人员更替(turnover)提供了更多的职位空缺，因此答案为Job turnover。

59. 答案：A. It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.

解析：本题继续考察作者观点。题干问作者对于整体就业增长(overall job growth)的态度是怎样的，可以定位到原文倒数第三段，关键是第一句：I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. 此处用到双重否定，“我并不是说整体就业增长对一个人找工作没有丝毫影响”，也就是说“有一定影响，但是没有那么大”所以答案是A，而BCD选项的confidence，hope，job security原文并未提及。

60. 答案：C. Persistence

解析：本题属于细节考查题。定位原文倒数第二段第一句But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. 关键词是stay motivated

61. 答案：D. They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.

解析：本题属于细节考查题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.可知答案选D，那一部分人已经被排除掉了，所以失业率这个数据是有水分的。

答案

62. D. 63. C. 64. B. 65. A. 66. A.

67. D. 68. C. 69. C.70. A. 71. C. 72. B.73. A.

74. D. 75. C. 76.B. 77. A. 78. C79. A.80. D.81. B.82. C83. B. 84. D.85. A. 86. D.

87. had I felt so excited

88.could have said somethingthat she might regret later

89.in focusing on reviewing the lessons

90.have heard them communicating with each other in French.

91. available for free