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SAT_grammar

Exercise 1

1.The regularly scheduled (A) conference between my tutor and me (B) is (C) set for Friday, but my

low grades in chemistry requires (D) me to arrange an earlier meeting. No error (E)

2.Although the night shift is fully staffed (A), the managers always holds us (B) responsible for that

shift’s (C) work if it (D) is not finished when we arrive in the morning. No error (E)

3.Peter’s seemingly effortless (A) flights, achieved through (B) the use of sophisticated technical

equipment, continues (C) to delight those who(D) see the play Peter Pan. No error (E)

4.Horse psychology, a science that investigates the reasons for (A) the behavior of horses, help (B)

trainers both motivate their charges (C) and prevent (D) problems. No error (E)

5.Mastery of (A) cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques are (B) mandatory for (C) firefighters and

police officers as well as (D) rescue squad volunteers. No error (E)

6.Critics contend that (A) reforms in welfare has not managed (B) to bring the high percentage of our

nation’s children living in poverty the economic security that they need (C) to thrive (D). No error

(E)

7.Observation of diverse animal species show that (A) the most successful (B) in the struggle for

survival are those which (C) are most adaptable to (D) changes in their world. No error (E)

8.The number of awards given this year (A) to biochemists accentuate (B) the significant gains (C)

being made in (D) the study of the chemistry of living organisms. No error (E)

9.Although (A) naturalists have identified six hundred different forms of the corion snail, there is (B)

actually no more than (C) two true species within (D) this genus. No error (E)

10.At the heart of the program, enthusiastically endorsed (A) by the city's business association, are (B)

plans for refurbishing neighborhoods and for making (C) low- interest mortgages available to (D) young families. No error (E)

11.Introducing (A) new ideas and replacing old ones (B) are (C) always a highly controversial

matter, especially when (D) there is already tension between an older and a younger generation. No error (E)

12.Available through the school’s guidance office is (A) a job directory that provide (B) information for

13.In the foothills of that large mountain range is (A) a river whose course (B) was not fully mapped

14.Anne Tyler’s novel The Accidental Tourist features (A) a character whose (B) obsession with saving (C)

time and money are (D) absurd, yet somehow plausible. No error (E)

15. Both her work on community service projects and her dedication to learning (A) has gained (B) Ms.

Stevens the respect of (C) the entire (D) faculty. No error (E).

16. The record left by fossils, the ancient remains of plants and animals, provide (A) scientists with (B)

their primary source of (C) information about (D) prehistoric life. No error (E)

17. Many nations, and the United Nations itself (A), has issued (B) stamps that commemorate (C) the

fiftieth anniversary of the signing of (D) the UN charter. No error (E)

18. The use of (A) irrigation in (B) the once-arid region have increased (C) the production of alfalfa and

of many other crops as well (D). No error (E)

19. In the past, the small nation had been committed (A) to self- managed socialism, a system under

which (B) the workers, rather than (C) the state, owns (D) most enterprises. No error (E)

20. Although the details of the contract has (A) not yet been announced, it is likely that (B) union

negotiators accepted the proposed (C) training program for (D) newly hired workers. No error (E)

Exercise 2

1.Many admire Louisa May Alcott for her detailed descriptions of (A) nineteenth-century domestic life

in novels such as (B) Little Women, but few have read (C) the lurid thrillers she writes (D) early in her career. No error (E)

2.One subject of (A) Felipe Allan’s second novel, published more than (B) 40 years after it has been

3.Despite (A) the efforts of the publicity subcommittee, hardly anyone (B) attended the workshop

that had been (C) planned so painstakingly (D). No error (E)

4.Mr. Lee and his grandchildren practiced traditional Chinese calligraphy together so that the

an art cherished by earlier generations of their family.

children would be knowing

(A)would be knowing

(B)would know

(C)will know

(D)were known to

(E)will be knowing

5.Traffic was heavy, so by the time Brianne finally arrived at (A) the theater, we waited (B) for her for

an hour, missing (C) the entire (D) first act of the play. No error (E)

6. Isolated by the sea, the aboriginal peoples of Australia had developed a unique culture (A) had developed a unique culture

long before

the arrival of Europeans.

(B) had a unique culture and it developed

(D) have a unique culture, it developed

(E) have a unique culture; development was

7. Fourteen years after (A) the Galileo space probe was launched from the space shuttle Atlantis, the mission was purposely ended when (B) the Galileo disintegrates (C) in the dense (D) atmosphere of the planet Jupiter. No error (E)

8. Because he is absent (A) when his rivals voted against (B) his proposal, Selby is worried (C) about missing (D) future meetings of the board of directors. No error (E)

9. In 1508 (A), the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon— the same (B) Ponce Je Leon who later would seek (C) the fountain of youth — landed on Puerto Rico accompanied (D) by a small force. No error (E)

10. Marathon racing, a challenging test of endurance, has become (A) increasingly (B) popular among (C) amateur athletes in the last few (D) years. No error (E)

11. It was obvious that all of the candidates had planned carefully (A) for the televised debate, for each (B) answer to (C) the opening question showed evidence of having been (D) rehearsed. No error (E) 12. After Gertrude Ederle had swam (A) the English Channel, she was celebrated as (B) the First woman ever to accomplish (C) the feat(D). No error (E) 13. She claimed that the “representational” actor is having to imitate (A) a character’s behavior, whereas (B) the “presentational” actor attempts to reveal (C) human behavior through self- understanding (D). No error (E)

14. Although born in the Midwest, Langston Hughes lived most of his adult life in Harlem, in New York City, where (A), like (B) other writers in the 1930’s, he wrote (C) some of his finest (D) works. No error (E) 15. In the early days (A) of the steam locomotive, compassionate (B) engineers would sometimes have thrown (C) coal overboard in poor (D) neighborhoods. No error (E) 16. Because the flood has made the bridge inaccessible to (A) automobiles and pedestrians alike (B), we had rented (C) a small boat to reach (D) the island. No error (E)

17. He was convinced that if property taxes would have rose (A) if property taxes would have rose

any higher, he would have had to move to a different area.

(B) if property taxes would rise

(D) had property taxes rose

(E) were property taxes to rise

18. Before he sprained his back, Morgan spends (A) much of (B) his leisure time engaged in (C) outdoor sports, particularly (D) hiking and canoeing. No error

(E) 19. Undoubtedly, more voters in the urban areas would have voted (A) for Julia Morton (B) if (C) she had taken a less (D) conservative stand on zoning codes than she did. No error (E) 20. As I entered the Pantheon a building that has existed in Rome since ancient times, my brother is turning to me to whisper (A) is turning to me to whisper

that the great rotunda of the Pantheon was a haven of peace and harmony

(B) turned to me and whispered

(D) turns and also whispers to me

(E) would turn and whisper to me

21. For the past (A) hundred years or more, Yellowstone National Park was (B) a kind of sociological laboratory in which (C) North Americans have been exploring the meaning of (D) the national-park concept. No error (E)

22. The bus would not have had to take (A) the long detour instead of (B) the main highway if the bridge did not become (C) treacherous in the aftermath of (D) an ice storm. No error (E)

Exercise 3 1. Today more and more women are becoming doctors, lawyers, engineers, chemists, or other professions (A) or other professions

(B) or they work in other professions

(D) or professionals in other fields

(E) or in other professional fields

2. Crossing and recrossing (A) the stream, stepping on or over slippery rocks, and following (B) a trail that grew (C) steeper and steeper, the hikers soon realized how challenging (D) their day would be. No error (E)

3. The decline in science education during the period had (A) two causes: less funding for (B) scientific research with a decrease (C) in jobs related to (D) space and defense. No error (E)

4. At the art show, Amy enjoyed looking at (A) her friend Mark’s innovative paintings, which she (B) thought were more original (C) than the other artists (D). No error (E)

5. Because of its innovativeness and its (A) effective presentation, Mary's project received (B) more judges’ votes at the exhibit (C) than did Jim (D). No error (E)

6. Members of the Alvin Ailey Dance Company have (A) once again shown how (B) the combination

of strength and being agile (C) can produce (D) beautiful movements. No error (E)

7. The price of gold has been influenced by continued inflation and because people have lost faith (A) because people have lost faith

the dollar.

(B) because of the loss of faith

(D) losing faith

(E) loss of faith

8. The revolt against Victorianism was perhaps even more marked in poetry than either fiction or drama (A) either fiction or drama

(B) either fiction or in drama

(D) in either fiction or drama

(E) in either fiction or in drama

9. Finding political support, designing a campaign, and, above all, the securing of financial backing are (A) the securing of financial backing are

the challenging tasks faced by candidates

(B) the security of financial backing are

(D) securing financial backing is

(E) securing financial backing are

10. A mixture of jazz and classical idioms, the music of Gershwin was more innovative (A) than most of his contemporaries

than most of his contemporaries.

(B) than most of his contemporaries were

(D) than that of most of his contemporaries

(E) than most of his contemporaries, as far as music is concerned

11. Walt Disney’s first success was his third Mickey Mouse film, in which Disney produced a cartoon

sound, and Mickey was made to talk.

with

(A) sound, and Mickey was made to talk

(B) sound and making Mickey talk

(D) sound in where Mickey talks

(E) sound and made Mickey talk

12. In a recent year, more tourists from the United States visited museums in Great Britain than Canada

(A) Canada

(B) Canada did

(D) Canadian ones

(E) in Canada

13. The tornado ripped through the central part of town, toppling small buildings, uprooting trees,

and power lines were snapped

(A) power lines were snapped

(B) power lines snapping

(D) snapped power lines

(E) power kisses snapped

14. The students criticized the administration for failing either to renovate the old dormitories nor

them with new buildings.

replace

(A) nor replace

(B) nor replacing

(D) or by replacing

(E) or to replace

15. All species of sea turtles are endangered because of overharvesting of adults, their eggs being disturbed and destruction of nesting habitats.

(A) The same

(B) of the adults being overharvested, their eggs disturbed, and destroying nesting habitats

(D) the adults are overharvested, their eggs are disturbed, and their nesting habitats are destroyed

(E) being overharvested as adults, their eggs being disturbed, and destruction of nesting habitats

16. According to some critics, the title character of the Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex saw himself (A) as the savior (B) of his people and believing (C) erroneously that he could do (D) no wrong. No error (E)

17. Though heavily dependent on the government for business and information while universities supply

independent of both.

the space research center with talent, as a corporation it remains

(A) The same

(B) information and on talent by universities, the space research center, a corporation

(D)information, universities supply the space research center with talent, but it is a corporation

(E) information, universities supply the space research center with talent, while it remains a corporation

North America.

18. Twice as many bird species inhabit Ecuador as in

(A) as in

(B) as inhabit

(D) when compared to

(E) than

19. The shift from traditional to cosmetic dentistry is because adults are getting fewer cavities and

becoming

more vain.

(A) is because adults are getting fewer cavities and becoming

(B) is because of adults getting fewer cavities and their becoming

(D) is occurring because adults are getting fewer cavities and becoming

(E) occurs because of adults getting fewer cavities and become

20. The spirit of the honor code to which each student subscribes requires academic honesty, respectful

behavior, and it demands responsibility in action

(A) The same

(B) requires academic honesty, respectful behavior, and responsible action

(D) requires academic work that is honest, being respectful in behavior, and demands responsible action

(E) require academic honesty, respectful behavior, and the demands of responsible action

21. When they were asked (A) to compare Norman Rockwell’s paintings to painter Robert Rauschenberg

(B), the students entered into (C) a prolonged (D) discussion about the representation of reality in art. No error (E)

22. Men and women leave the village before sunrise to hike four miles up steep, precarious trails to

with 70-pound loads of firewood on their backs.

the forests, to be returning by late afternoon

(A)forests, to be returning by late afternoon

(B)forests, and it is late afternoon that they return

(C)forests, they return by late afternoon

(D)forests and return by late afternoon

(E)forests to have returned by late afternoon

Exercise 4

1. According to (A) educational statistics, the average age of college students has risen (B) quite noticeable (C) over the past (D) 25 years. No error (E)

2. If (A) I am reading the editorial correct (B), the mayor is deliberately avoiding any (C) discussion of the tax-reform bill until after (D) the November elections. No error (E)

3. Great literature, such as the Greek tragedies or the novels of Jane Austen, endures by their speaking

to each new generation of readers

directly and freshly

(A) by their speaking directly and freshly

(B) by its speaking direct and fresh

(D) because of speaking direct and fresh

(E) since they speak with directness and freshness

4. It was fortunate that (A) Ms. Seward attended the committee meeting, for only she was able (B) to examine (C) the problem calm (D) and thoughtfully. No error (E)

5. It was fortunate that (A) the doctor, in spite of adverse medical conditions, was able (B) to examine

6. It was fortunate that (A) the inexperienced veterinarian was able (B) to examine (C) the injured horse calm (D) and with confidence. No error (E)

7. Having completed a course in an appreciation. Maureen and I (A) were (B) able to judge the paintings

in the Museum of Modern Art more critical (C) than we had before (D). No error (E)

8. Lost for many years (A) and presumed stolen (B), the portrait of the nineteenth-century writer

had been (C) stored inadvertent (D) in the museum basement. No error (E)

9. Angrily (A) and a bit confused, the defense witness found it (B) difficult to respond (C) coherently

to (D) the district attorney's aggressive cross-examination. No error (E)

Exercise 5

1.Carried by the strong, dry winds of the stratosphere, the 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens

crossed the United States in three days and circled the globe in two weeks.

caused dust that

(A)The same

(B)Mount Saint Helens’ eruption in 1980 caused dust that

(C)dust from the 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens

(D)dust from the 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens that

(E)there was dust from the 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens and it

2.If asked to name a musical group with broad and lasting appeal, the Beatles would be the choice for

many, no matter what kinds of music are actually preferred.

(A)The same

(B)the Beatles will be chosen by many people, no matter what kinds of music they actually prefer

(C)the choice for many people, whatever kinds of music they actually prefer, would be the Beatles

(D)many, who actually preferred different kinds of music, choose the Beatles

(E)many people, no matter what kinds of music they actually prefer, would choose the Beatles

3.In 1972, to reduce pollution in the Great Lakes, limits having been set by the United States and

Canada

(A)The same

on the amount of phosphorus that could be discharged into Lakes Erie and Ontario.

(B)limits set by the United States and Canada

(C)limits have been set by the United States and Canada

(D)the United States and Canada have set limits

(E)the United States and Canada set limits

4.Traveling through Yosemite,

(A)The same the scenery of waterfalls and granite peaks, which we photographed,

was beautiful.

(B)the waterfalls and granite peaks were the beautiful scenery we photographed

(C)we photographed the beautiful scenery of waterfalls and granite peaks

(D)we photographed the scenery of waterfalls and granite peaks, being beautiful

(E)what we photographed was the beautiful scenery of waterfalls and granite peaks

5.Indicating their desire to extend free enterprise, Canadians elected a member of the Progressive

Party, Kim Campbell, as Prime Minister

(A)The same

in 1993.

(B)Canadians’ election of a member of the Progressive Conservative Party as Prime Minister was Kim

Campbell

(C)Kim Campbell of the Progressive Conservative Party was elected Prime Minister of Canada

(D)the Progressive Conservative Party's Kim Campbell was elected Prime Minister of Canadians

(E)a member of the Progressive Conservative Party, Kim Campbell, was elected by Canadians as Prime

Minister

6.Finding the Baltimore waterfront fascinating, all that thoroughly explored by Antonio

(A)The same.

(B)Antonio found the Baltimore waterfront fascinating, he thoroughly explored all that there was to see.

(C)Finding the Baltimore waterfront fascinating, Antonio thoroughly explored all that there was to see.

(D)The Baltimore waterfront is fascinating and is why Antonio thoroughly explored all that there was to

see.

(E)The Baltimore waterfront can be found fascinating, and this made Antonio explore all that there was

to see.

7. Returning to Dayville after ten years, the small town seemed much livelier to Margo (A) The same

than it had been

when she was growing up there.

(B) Having returned to Dayville after ten years, it seemed a much livelier town to Margo

(D) Margo returned to Dayville after ten years, the small town was seemingly much livelier

(E) When Margo returned to Dayville after ten years, the small town seemed much livelier to her

8. Although criticized by a few for her daredevil aviation escapades, most people viewed Amelia

Earhart as a skillful (A) The same pilot.

(B) most people viewed Amelia Earhart to be a skillful pilot

(D) Amelia Earhart was viewed by most people as a skillful pilot

(E) Amelia Earhart, a skillful pilot in the view of most people

9. Persuading even the queasiest of readers to spend hours learning about an extravagant variety of

invertebrates, (A) The same

the effect of Richard Conniffs Spineless Wonders is to render the repulsive beautiful

(B) Richard Conniff renders the repulsive beautiful Spineless Wonders

(D) Richard Conniff has had the effect of rendering the repulsive beautiful in Spineless Wonders (E) Spineless Wonders , by Richard Conniff, has of in rendering the repulsive beautiful

10. Having thought the problem through with some care, (A) The same that the committee did not understand her solution frustrated the chairperson extremely.

(B) the chairperson’s extreme frustration resulted from the committee not understanding her solution

(D) the chairperson was extremely frustrated by the committee’s failure to understand her solution (E) the committee’s failing to understand her solution was an extreme frustration to the chairperson

11. Ms. Kovak proudly displayed her research group’s (A) most ingenious invention (B), a vacuum cleaner that empties its own (C) dust bag when pressing a button (D). No error

(E)

12. Of all the states represented at the conference, the governor of Missouri was the only one to present (A) the governor of Missouri was the only one to present

plans for enforcing the new regulations.

(B) making the governor from Missouri the only one to present

(D) Missouri’s governor presented the only

(E) Missouri was the only one whose governor presented

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/132397511.html,cking good instruction, my mistakes in creating a graph to illustrate historical trends were

numerous.

(A) my mistakes in creating a graph to illustrate historical vends were numerous

(B) I made numerous mistakes in creating a graph to illustrate historical trends

(D) I created a graph to illustrate historical trends with numerous mistakes

(E) the graph I made for illustrating historical trends had numerous mistakes

14.While driving down the road, the house with the large yard and small pond attracted the family's

attention

(A) the house with the large yard and small pond attracted the family's attention

(B) the house having the large yard and a small pond attracted the attention of the family

(D) the family's attention was attracted by the house with the large yard and small pond

(E) the family was attracted to the house with the large yard and small pond

15.In the belief that crossword puzzles stimulated her mind, Dolores will spend hours on them every

week

(A) Dolores will spend hours on them every week

(B) Dolores would spend hours on them every week

(D) they occupied hours of every week for Dolores

(E) every week will find Dolores spending hours on them

16.As an undergraduate at Rutgers University, Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama,

a distinguished career as an actor during the 1920’s and 1930’s.

which eventually led to

(A) The same

(B) Paul Robeson’s interest in drama developed seriously and eventually led him to

(D)Paul Robeson developed a serious interest in drama, having led him eventually to a

(E) where he developed a serious interest in drama, Paul Robeson, as a result, eventually went on to

Exercise 6

1.Before boarding (A), passengers must purchase (B) his or her (C) tickets in the main concourse of

the bus terminal because (D) tickets are not sold on the bus. No error (E)

2.Home of (A) the world’s largest chocolate-manufacturing plant, Hershey, Pennsylvania,

was originally known as (B) Derry Church, but its name was changed in 1906 to honor (C) one of their (D) most famous residents. No error (E)

3.Hearing (A) the unexpected loud noise, Cindy, Leroy, and me (B) were so startled (C) that we almost

jumped out of our seats (D).No error (E)

4. As the mayor was evaluating (A) the proposed tax, he was less interested in the revenue it would generate (B) than in whether they (C) would disproportionately (D) affect certain income

groups. No error (E)

5. An amateur potter herself (A) the accountant offered to help (B) the artist with his business accounts, complicated as they were (C) by (D) his unusual system of record keeping. No error (E)

6. To an Iranian (A), only a salt desert truly merits the name “desert”, for other types (B) of deserts can be sown with dates, figs, and pistachios and it can be watered(C) by sprinklers or by ancient (D) subterranean canals called qanats. No error (E)

7. Famous for their (A) sticky feet, the gecko can (B) run up (C) walls and across ceilings as well as hang (D) from a surface by its toes. No error (E)

8. Even though (A) only parts of clay vessels may be (B) recovered, these pottery shards are invaluable to (C) the archaeologist because it is (D) virtually indestructible. No error (E)

9. The report Alexander is discussing (A), a report prepared jointly by he (B) and the committee, does not take into account (C) the socioeconomic status of those interviewed (D). No error (E)

10. People which need (A) immediate reeducation for employment are (B) impatient with (C) the prolonged debate over (D) funding for the new national program. No error (E)

11. The more you eat of convenience foods,(A) The more you eat of convenience foods

the more our taste buds will prefer chemical flavors to

natural ones.

(B) The more we eat convenience foods

(D) As the use of convenience foods increases

(E) As people eat more convenience foods

12. Although its reputation is not as good as (A) it once was (B), the university is still proud of their (C)

productive, intelligent graduates, many of whom have gone on to earn (D) national recognition. No error (E)

13. When Sheila and Lucy visited the restaurant, she noticed that the menu had changed (A) she noticed that the menu had changed

and that their

favorite dish was no longer offered.

(B) she notices that the menu has changed

(D) Sheila had noticed the menu changing

(E) Sheila noticed that the menu had changed

14.George Thornton Emmons was one (A) of a handful of ethnographers who committed (B)

their life (C) to studying (D) the Tlingit culture of the Northwest Coast. No error (E)

15.

(A) Norman Rockwell was an illustrator and painter that was able to make a living at it.

Norman Rockwell was an illustrator and painter that was able to make a living at it.

(B) Norman Rockwell was able to make a living as an illustrator and painter.

(D) Able to make a living from them, Norman Rockwell illustrated and painted.

(E) By illustrating and painting was how Norman Rockwell was able to make a living.

16. Nursing and physical therapy are an example of health-care fields that

(A) are an example of health-care fields that

have shortages in staffing.

(B) are examples of health-care fields that

(D) exemplifies a health-care field that

(E) exemplify health-care fields where they

17. Buffalo herds, which once thrived in the Great Plains of North America, trampled vegetation, and

future plant growth was aided by this by returning nutrients

(A) and future plant growth was aided by this by returning nutrients

to the soil.

(B) future plant growth was thereby aided and nutrients returned

(D) thereby an aid to future plant growth returned nutrients

(E) but this aided future plant growth and nutrients were returned

18. Until it (A) can be replaced by a faster (B), more efficient means of transportation, trucks will

carry most (C) of the freight within and through (D) metropolitan areas. No error (E)

19. For people in (A) many ancient societies, work was only a means of (B) survival rather than (C) a

way to improve your (D) standard of living. No error (E)

20. The reason first novels are so often their writers’ best work is that it draws upon

(A) is that it draws upon all the experiences

of childhood.

(B) is that these first efforts draw upon

(D) is because of them drawing upon

(E) is their drawing from

Exercise 7

1.Mediators were standing by, prepared to intervene in (A) the labor dispute even though (B) both

sides had refused (C) earlier offers for (D) assistance. No error (E)

2.Although the politician was initially (A) very sensitive to be criticized (B) by the press, he

quickly became (C) more confident about responding to (D) reporters’ sometimes pointed questions. No error (E)

3.In the opinion(A) of the lecturer, a background (B) in the history of the Middle Ages is not a

condition necessary in (C) the enjoyment of (D) medieval literature. No error (E)

4.Malaria, a disease which has been (A) almost completely eradicated in the United States, is still a

threat (B) of travelers (C) in some (D) foreign countries. No error (E)

5.Alerted by (A) the nervousness and evasiveness of the witness, the jurors were quick to perceive (B)

that his statements were inconsistent to (C) those (D) he had made earlier. No error (E)

6.Listening at (A) the first song its lead singer ever wrote, the band members did not foresee that

(B) this young man would be responsible for (C) bringing them to the attention (D) of the

world. No error (E)

7.Given her strong sense (A) of social justice, Bums vehemently (B) protested over (C) her party’s

failure to support (D) a tax decrease for senior citizens. No error (E)

8.Far away from (A) having been a diehard conservative, Hoover was (B), some scholars now contend

(C), the leading progressive of his day (D). No error (E)

9.The jury took offense to (A) the plaintiff’s mocking tone but could deny (B) neither the accuracy of

10.Intense preoccupation on (A) technique appears to be (B) the one (C) trait that great pianists have in

(D) common. No error (E)

11.As (A) their brains mature neurologically (B), infants become more capable to distinguish (C) the

shapes and textures of the objects around them (D). No error (E)

12.During (A) the night, there are (B) usually two German shepherds at the warehouse to guard with

13.It was (A) a Chinese American grower who finally succeeded with adapting (B) the now familiar (C)

orange tree to (D) the American climate. No error (E)

14.Not very particular in (A) nesting sites (B), hose wrens may nest (C) in birdhouses, mailboxes,

building crevices— even in the pockets of (D) hanging laundry. No error (E)

15.Opposite to (A) most people I know, Annie, a good photographer herself (B), actually enjoys seeing

16. In the 100-yard relay our team impressed crowd with each of the members shaving (A) of the members shaving

several seconds

off her own best time.

(B) of the members had shaved

(D) who had been shaving

(E) who shaved

Exercise 8 1. The newspaper business in the United States faces a challenge, being that it must reconcile the (A) the same

high-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial one of making money.

(B) challenge of it reconciling the high-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial one

of making money

commercial one of making money

(D) challenge because it must reconcile the high-minded goal of informing readers with the

commercial one of making money

(E) challenge; since it has the high-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial one of

making money being reconciled

2. Because insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses is the reason why (A) The same

Tamar and

Robert waited to open their coffee shop until they had enough money.

(B) Because insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses,

(D) As a result of insufficient funding causing the failure of many new businesses;

(E) The fact of insufficient funding is causing many new businesses to fail is why

3. (A) The same

Isabel Allende, the author of The House of the Spirits, currently resides in California, but she was raised in Chile, being born in Peru first.

(B) Being raised in Chile, after being born in Peru, Isabel Allende, now residing in California, wrote

The House of the Spirits.

resides in California.

(D) Although now in California, Isabel Allende was born in Peru and raised in Chile, she is the author

of The House of the Spirits.

(E) Raised in Chile, and now she resides in California, Isabel Allende, a Peruvian, is the author of The

House of the Spirits.

4. A volunteer organization, the Covington Soup Kitchen has been feeding (A) needy families since (B) 1977, annually distributing nearly (C) a million pounds of food each year (D) No error (E)

5. Because their flight was missed, the bride’s parents ran (A) Because their flight was missed, the bride’s parents ran

frantically to another part of the airport to catch another plane that might still arrive in time for the wedding.

(B) Because the bride’s parents missed their flight, they had to run

(D) The bride’s parents had missed their flight, then they ran

(E) Their flight was missed, which eventually caused the bride’s parents to run

6. Arelia believes that cloth draped over hills is an art form that (A) The same

cannot last long enough as a work of art either to please or influence future generations.

(B) cannot last long enough as a work of art, for ages to come neither pleasing or influencing future

generations

(D) is not a lasting work of art that will remain for ages pleasing and influencing future generations (E) will not last long enough either to please or to influence future generations

7. The poem’s colorful images and its verbal wit give the reader pleasure (A) give the reader pleasure

(B) please the one who is reading

(D) give one pleasure in the reading of it

(E) gives one pleasure in reading it

8. The first world computer chess championship, held in Stockholm, was won by a Russian computer program called (A) Kaissa, and there were four Kaissa victories and no defeats Kaissa, and there were four Kaissa victories and no defeats.

(B) Kaissa, which had four victories and no defeats

(D) Kaissa, which was victorious four times and no defeats

(E) Kaissa; it was won by four victories and no defeats

9. (A) Mr. Chung would like to retire, but retirement is unable to be afforded by him. Mr. Chung would like to retire but retirement is unable to be afforded by him.

(B) Mr. Chung would like to retire, but he cannot afford to do so.

(D) Retirement is what Mr. Chung would like to do, but he cannot afford it.

(E) Retirement appeals to Mr. Chung, but he cannot afford stopping working.

10. Although Jonathan is very much interested in Mexican culture, he does not speak Spanish and has

never visited Mexico

(A) he does not speak Spanish and has never visited Mexico

(B) it is without being able to speak Spanish or having visited Mexico

(D) he does not speak Spanish nor has he ever visited there

(E) it is without speaking Spanish nor having visited there

11. In the wild, pygmy chimpanzees are found only in an inaccessible region south of the Zaire

River,

(A) since such is the case, very few are in captivity

since such is the case, very few are in captivity.

(B) and very few are in captivity because of that

(D) the number in captivity is very few for this reason

(E) and so no more than a few are in captivity

12. In her letter, Ms. Kopel stated that she had

(A) stated that she had

proof that the treasurer had stolen some of the money.

(B) stated about having

(D) gave a statement that she had

(E) had a statement there about having

13. For the most part, in the actions of how an animal behaves, instinct is the main determinant

(A) For the most part, in the actions of how an animal behaves, instinct is the main determinant.

(B) Generally, an animal’s behavior and actions are mostly instinctual ones.

(D) An animal’s actions are largely determined by instinct.

(E) Animals mainly have their instinct as a determinant for behavior.

14. To fear the act of impeachment and to think of it that it threatens presidential office

(A) that it threatens the presidential office is to be

misinformed about the Constitution and ignorant of the law.

(B) as a threat to the presidency

(D) as it were a threat at the presidency

(E) as if it were like a threat to the presidency

Exercise 9

1.At the conclusion of the novel The Great Gatsby, Nick Carraway, a young westerner

recently arrived to (A) New York, moodily (B) watches (C) the blinking green light at the tip of

(D) Long Island. No error (E)

2. A cure for some kinds of cancer, scientists believe, may be (A) scientists believe, may be

found within the next decade.

(B) scientists believe they may be

(D) there are some scientists who believe it may be

(E) which, some scientists believe, may be

3. Although the exact cause of type 2 diabetes is unknown, experts say that for some people improper

diet and lack of exercise contributes (A) exercise contributes

to the onset of the disease.

(B) exercise, they contribute

(D) exercise, contributing

(E) exercise has been contributing

4. Having been a victim of malicious rumors (A) Having been a victim of malicious rumors.

, Helen purposely avoided gossips.

(B) Her being a victim of malicious rumors,

(D) Because being a victim of malicious rumors,

(E) Because having been a victim of malicious rumors

5. Legendary nineteenth-century endurance rider Frank T. Hopkins, who rode an American mustang to victory in a 3,000-mile race across the Arabian Desert, and (A) and

the hero of the Disney movie Hidalgo.

(B) and who has become

(D) is

(E) having been

6. The protesters coming this far, they (A) The protesters coming this far, they

decided to insist that they meet with the president of the board

before leaving the building.

(B) They, coming this far, the protesters

(D) To come this far, the protesters

(E) The protesters came this far, so that they

7. The thoughtful student wonders what Patrick Henry meant (A) when he talked (B) about

liberty because (C) most of the members of the House of Burgesses then having been (D) slaveholders. No error

(E)

8. No biographer can attest to absolute accuracy in documenting the activities of his or her subject,

this biographer of Cesar Chavez is no exception (A) the same

(B) subject, and this biographer of Cesar Chavez is no exception

(D) subject; such a biography of this one of Cesar Chavez is no exception

(E) subject, with this Cesar Chavez biographer being no exception

9. Serving as either business tools or recreational devices, computers, they are increasingly popular (A) computers, they are increasingly popular

(B) their popularity has increased

(D) computers are increasingly popular

(E) computers, they are popular

10. Beginning photographers may choose from among several camera types there is one which is (A) there is one which is

best

for their particular interests.

(B) of which there is one

(D) and one is

(E) one is

11. (A) The same Both Dr. Henderson and Dr. Ball being widely known for having authored numerous Articles in their field.

(B) Both Dr. Henderson and Dr. Ball are widely known for having authored numerous articles in

their field.

and Dr. Ball.

(D) Having the numerous authored articles in their field widely known are Dr. Henderson and Dr.

Ball.

(E) Having authored many widely known articles in their field being Dr. Henderson and Dr. Ball.

12. As economic conditions improve, the officers of the company maintaining that it will be able to improve sales by (A) the same

increasing exports to other countries.

(B) maintaining that it, able by improving sales and

(D) maintain that it will be able to improve sales by

(E) maintains that improving sales by

13. One often coming upon passages in letters often that are (A) One often coming upon passages in letters often that are

memorable for their thought or their form,

or both.

(B) One often comes upon passages in letters that are

(D) Often one comes upon a passage in letters; it is

(E) Often one comes upon a passage in letters in which it is

14. Many prospective actors in the area auditioned for roles in the movie, and only a few was selected (A) The same

(B) Many prospective actors, having auditioned for roles in the movie, only a few in the area were

selected.

(D) Only a few were selected, many prospective actors in the area having auditioned for roles in the

movie.

(E) After many prospective actors in the area auditioned for role in the movie, only a few being selected.

15. Jung, a Swiss psychologist, whose renown as a pioneer (A) C.G Jung, a Swiss psychologist, whose renown as a pioneer

in the field of psychoanalysis almost equals

that of Sigmund Freud

(B) C.G. Jung, who was a Swiss psychologist and whose renown as a pioneer

(D) C.G Jung was a Swiss psychologist whose renown as a pioneer

(E) A Swiss, C.G. Jung who was a psychological pioneer and whose renown

16. In the tennis match Martina Hingis took advantage of Venus Williams’ error and tied the score; however, Williams fought back to take the lead again.(A) score; however, Williams fought back to take the lead again

(B) score; Williams, though, fought back again took the lead

(D) score, along with Williams fighting back to take the lead again

(E) score; in fact, Williams fought back to take the lead again

17. H. Ford Douglas, one of the few Black soldiers in White regiments during the early part of the Civil

War, (A) and eventually to recruit and command his own unit and eventually to recruit and command his own unit.

(B) eventually recruited and commanded his own unit

(D) he eventually had his own unit that he recruited and commanded

(E) having eventually recruited and commanded his own unit

18. Mr. Johnson's assumption that a teenager had robbed his house being unfounded (A), for (B) the witnesses described the person they had seen (C)fleeing as a woman (D) in her 40s. No error (E)

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