英09《英语口译》Ex-Political System

〔Political System－Words & Expressions〕

中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China

省长（Provincial）Governor

市长Mayor

全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)

中国人民政治协商会议Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)

（主席：Chairman）

主席团Presidium

常务委员会Standing Committee （委员长：Chairman）

办公厅General Office （主任：Director）

秘书处Secretariat （秘书长：Secretary-General）

最高人民法院Supreme People's Court （首席大法官：Chief Grand Justice）

最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate （检察官：Procurator）

国务院State Council (总理：premier)

部Ministry （部长：minister）

中共中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC)

（总书记：General Secretary）

（第十七届中央委员会the Seventeenth Central Committee）

中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC

中央军事委员会Central Military Commission，the CCCPC （主席：Chairman）全国各族人民the people of all ethnic groups

中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics

邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory

“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents

全面建设小康社会to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects

全面落实科学发展观fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development

加快建设法治政府accelerate development of government by the rule of law

全面推进依法行政advance all aspects of government administration in accordance

with the law

维护社会公正正义safeguard social fairness and justice

加强青少年思想道德建设cultivate ideals and ethics among young people

人民赋予我们的权力the powers bestowed on us by the people

反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government

加强公务员队伍建设build a contingent of qualified civil servants

增强政府公信力increase public trust in government

〔汉译英-1〕

加快推进政府改革。// 扩大社会主义民主，依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督，保障人民的知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权。// 全面贯彻依法治国基本方略，尊重和维护宪法和法律的权威，严格依法行政，// 坚决纠正有法不依、执法不严、违法不究、粗暴执法、渎职失职和执法腐败等行为。// 加强廉政建设，// 深入开展反腐败斗争，扎实推进惩治和预防腐败体系建设的各项长期性、基础性工作，着力解决人民群众反映强烈的突出问题。// 严格依法设定、实施、清理、规范行政审批事项。//严禁领导干部插手政府采购、工程招标、土地矿业权拍卖等经济活动。// 严格执行领导干部廉洁从政各项规定。// 加强行政监督、民主监督、舆论监督。坚决查处各类违纪违法案件，严厉惩治腐败分子。

〔汉译英-2〕

中国人民政治协商会议是具有广泛代表性的统一战线组织，是在中国共产党领导下的多党合作和政治协商的主要机构。// 政协由中国共产党、其他政党、人民群众组织、各行业的无党派人士代表，台港澳同胞的代表、归国华侨以及特邀人士组成。// 政协的主要职能是：政治协商、民主监督、参政议政。政协每年的全会比人大的全会早两天召开，“两会”同时进行，会期约一周以上。政协全国委员会主席是贾庆林。

〔汉译英-3〕

人民代表大会制度保障了人民当家作主。根据人民代表大会制度，人民选举的代表对人民负责、受人民监督，这保证了全国各族人民依法享有宪法和法律规定的广泛的民主、自由和权利。//人民代表大会制度动员了全体人民以国家主人翁的地位投身社会主义建设。人民代表大会制度广泛调动了人民群众建设社会主义的主动性和创造性，把全国各族人民的力量凝聚起来，朝着国家的发展目标前进。

〔原语〕

【2012十一届人大五次会议记者会】

【《华盛顿邮报》记者】Washington Post: Prospects for elections

Thank you. From Washington Post newspaper in the USA. // Thank you, Prime Minister, for coming here and answer our questions for one last time. // One year ago here, you were asked by one of my colleagues about the possibility of elections in a direct manner. // You said that it had to come gradually step by step. // The Chinese had first to show that they can run a village and a township. // This year, people all over the world are electing their leaders in direct elections, and that has many people wondering in asking the question exactly when the Chinese citizens enjoy the same right to elect their leaders in a competitive and direct election.

【温家宝】

是的。我曾经不仅一次地提出过，要坚定不移地实行村民自治，并且保护村民直选的合法权利。//现在农村村委会许多实践证明，农民通过直选村委会是成功的。// 他们不仅有高度的热情，而且按照村民自治法制定了严格的选举办法。// 我至今还是这样认为，群众能够管好一个村，就能够管好一个乡的事情；能够管好一个乡，就能够管好一个县的事情。// 我们应该按照这条道路鼓励群众大胆实践，并且在实践中使他们受到锻炼。// 我相信，中国的民主制度会依照中国的国情循序渐进地得到发展。这也是任何力量所阻挡不住的。//

谢谢。

〔参考译文－汉译英-1〕

We will accelerate government reform. // We will expand socialist democracy; conduct democratic election, decision making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law; and protect people's rights to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee government affairs. // We will implement the basic strategy of enforcing the law in both letter and spirit, respect and uphold the sanctity of the Constitution and laws, and govern in strict accordance with the law. // We will resolutely rectify the problems of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being prosecuted, uncivilized law enforcement, dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in law enforcement. // We will work harder to build clean government. // To do so, we will fight corruption, effectively carry out the long-term and basic work needed to improve the system of preventing and punishing corruption, and give high priority to solving serious problems that the people are resentful about. // We will identify, handle, review and standardize matters subject to administrative approval in strict accordance with the law. // Leading officials are strictly forbidden to interfere in economic activities such as government procurement, project tendering and the auctioning of land-use and mining rights. // We will strictly implement all regulations which require leading officials to uphold integrity in the performance of their official duties. // We will strengthen administrative and democratic oversight and oversight through public opinion, resolutely investigate and prosecute violations of the law or discipline, and severely punish corruptionists.

〔参考译文－汉译英-2〕

The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is an organization of the united front that is widely represented. It is an important organ of multi-party co-operation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. // It is composed of the CPC, other political parties, mass organizations, and representative public personages from all walks of life. There are representatives of compatriots from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao as well as returned overseas Chinese and other specially-invited people. // The major function of the CPPCC is to conduct political consultation and exercise democratic supervision, organize its members from various non-Communist political parties, mass organizations and public personages to take part in the discussion and management of State affairs. The CPPCC session usually begins two days ahead of the NPC session, and the two sessions run parallel for more than one week. Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee is Jia Qinglin.

〔参考译文－汉译英-3〕

The people's congress system guarantees people's right as the master of the country. According to the people's congress system, deputies elected by the people are responsible for the people and supervised by the people, which ensures the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to enjoy the broad democracy, freedom and rights stipulated by the Constitution and laws.// The people's congress system mobilizes the people to contribute to the socialist construction as the

master of the country. It can bring into full play of the initiative and creativity of the Chinese people, and unite the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in progressing towards the country's development goals.

〔参考译文〕

【2012十一届人大五次会议记者会】

【《华盛顿邮报》记者】

总理您好，我是《华盛顿邮报》的记者。// 谢谢您，总理，来这里最后一次回答我们的问题。// 一年以前，我的一个记者同事曾经向您问到一个关于在中国进行直选的问题。// 当时您表示这个进程应该是循序渐进的。// 首先中国老百姓应该证明他们有能力来管好一个村的事务，然后他们逐渐可以管好一个乡的事务。// 今年，在世界许多国家老百姓都将会通过直接选举选出自己的领导人，人们不禁要问，什么时候在中国的老百姓才能够通过这种竞争性、直接性的选举选出他们的领导人呢？

【温家宝】

I have said on several occasions that we must adhere to the practice of self-governance by villagers in China and the villagers lawful right to elect the village committees must be protected. // What have happened shows that this has been a successful practice. // Chinese villagers have shown their enthusiasm in participating in this process and have formulated strict methods of election on the basis of the Law of Self-governance by Villagers of China. // I still believe that if the people are able to run their affairs of village well, gradually they will be able to run their affairs of a township and then a county. // We must continue to encourage the people to take bold steps to experiment and that can help enhance our people’s ability in this regard through various practices. // I believe that the democratic system of China will continue to move forward in keeping with China’s national conditions and no force will hold this process back. // Thank you.

【预习：China’s Foreign Policy】

和平共处五项原则Five Principles of Peaceful Co-Existence

●互相尊重主权和领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity

●互补侵犯mutual non-aggression

●互不干涉内政non-interference in each other’s internal affaires

●平等互利equality and mutual benefit

●和平共处peaceful coexistence

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