高三英语非谓语动词

第十讲非谓语动词：现在分词过去分词

一、热身训练：高考高频短语

1. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to____.

A．make it out B．make it off C．make it up D．make it over

2. If anybody calls，tell them I'm out，and ask them to ____ their name and address．

A．pass B．write C．take D．1eave

3.The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ____their parents’silver wedding．

A．celebrate B．memorize C．congratulate D．welcome

4．Joe Jones，the eldest of the eight children，had to ____out of high school at the age of 16 to help his father on the farm．

A．1eave B．drop C．fall D．go

5. Words．____ me when i wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house．

A．failed B．1eft C．discouraged D．disappointed

6．’一He was in hospital for six months．He felt as if he was ____from the outside world．A．cut 0ut B．cut off C．cut up D．cut through

7. —How about eight o'clock outside the cinema? ---That ____ me fine．

A．fits B．meets C．satisfies D．suits

8. Happy birthday，Alice! So you have _____ twenty—one already!

A．become B．turned C．grown D．passed

9．They see you as something of a worrier，____ problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them．

A．settling B．discovering C．seeing D．designing--

10．一How do you _____ we go to Beijing for our holidays?

一I think we’d better fly there．It’s much more comfortable．

A．insist B．want C．suppose D．suggest

Grammar:非谓语动词（2）

现在分词及过去分词

讲解

一、形式

分词是动词的一种非限定形式。分为现在分词和过去分词。分词具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带宾语、状语。分词的否定形式是在分词前加not (not knowing ,not having received , not having been given )

现在分词：

主动形式被动形式

一般式doing being done

完成式having done having been done

过去分词只有一种形式

例如：Having hurried through his breakfast, he went to school. (现在分词完成式）

The man being interviewed is a scientist.

When asked such a strange question, he didn’t know howto answer .

Not knowing his number, I didn’t get in touch with him (否定式)

2 现在分词与过去分词的区别

现在分词与过去分词的区别主要表在语态和时间概念上。在语态上，现在分词（除被动式外）表示主动意思，过去分词表示被动意思。在时间上，现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作的完成。

现在分词过去分词

比较: developing countries developed countries

boiling water boiled water

the rising sun the risen sun

the falling autumn leaves the fallen autumn leaves

有些过去分词只表示动作的完成，例如the risen sun the fallen autumn leaves a retired worker a escaped prisoner 有些过去分词只表示动作的被动，例如a man-made satellite guided missile (导弹)

二、功能

1．作表语

现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态，

如：The news was exciting./ The situation is encouraging.

She looked disappointed./ He appeared satisfied with my answer.

He seemed quite delighted at the idea./ Don’t get excited.

2．作定语：

①单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前，如：

touching story / skilled worker /boiled water

a growing city = a city that is growing/ liberated areas = areas that have been liberated

②在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如：

Who is the man standing (= that is standing) by the door?

They are problems left (= which have been left) over by history.

③作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况：

a. 表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态), 如：

Tell the children playing there (who are playing there) not to make so much noise.

Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager?

b. 表示经常性的动作, 或现在(或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态), 如：

They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.

The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955.

④过去分词作定语时，过去分词所表示的动作可以在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，也可以是没有一定的时间性，如：Is this the book recommended by our teacher?/ The meeting held last week is very important. 注①：如果所表示的动作现刻正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，可以用现在分词的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting being held is very important./ We must keep a secret of the things being discussed

注②：如果所表示的是一个未来的动作，可以用一个不定式的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting to be held next week is very important.

Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting.

⑤现在分词短语作定语时，一般不用现在分词的完成式作定语，所以，下列句子都是错的：

Those having finished their work can go home now. (应改为who have finished)

3．作状语：

①现在分词作状语，表示陪衬性的动作或伴随情况，如：

The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.

They stood there for an hour watching the game./ She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.

注意：

a. 分词表示的必须是主语的一个动作；

b. 分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时发生的；

c. 分词表示的是比较次要的动作，对谓语表示的动作或状态加以说明；

d. 大部分放在谓语之后；

e. 分词有时可以与句子的其他部分用逗号隔开。

②现在分词作状语，表示行为方式或手段（这类状语可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，有时还可以放在句中。其他参考上述a-c），如：

Following the guide, they started to climb./ Working this way, they greatly reduced the cost.

③现在分词作状语，表示原因或理由，如：

Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.

Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

注：如果分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，则要用完成形式，如：

Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.

Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.

Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well.

④现在分词作时间状语（相当于when 引导的从句），如：

Turning around, she saw a police car driving up./ Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.

注①：这里分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作，这动作一发生，谓语动词所表示的动作立即发生。

这类分词一般放在句首。如果两个动作是完全同时发生的，多用when 或while + 分词这种结构，如：Be careful when crossing the street./ Don’t mention this while talking to him.

注②：如果要强调谓语动词的动作发生时，分词的动作已经完成，这个分词要用完成形式，

如：Having arrived at a decision, they immediately set to work.

⑤现在分词作状语还可以表示结果、条件和让步，

如：Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children. (结果)

Working hard, you will succeed. (条件)

Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. (让步)

⑥过去分词短语作状语，可以修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况，

如：Built in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.

Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room.

⑦过去分词短语表示原因（相当于一个原因状语从句），

如：The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.

⑧过去分词短语有时可以表示时间（相当于时间状语从句）和条件（相当于条件状语从句），

如：Heated, water changes into steam. (=When / If water is heated …)

Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.

注：过去分词短语作状语时，前面有时可以加上when, if, while, though, as if 等连词，这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句（省略部分多为“主语+ be 的多种形式”）。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同，

如：If / When heated, water changes into steam. Even if invited, I won’t go.

We will not attack unless attacked./ The girl is very shy, and never speaks until spoken to.

4．作宾语补足语：

三．在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为:独立结构

独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如：

He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况)

The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间)

So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因)

Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件)

联系巩固

1. The picture ______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.

A. having hung

B. hanging

C. hangs

D. being hung

2. Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A. teaching

B. teach

C. who teaches

D. who teaching

3. The manager, ______ his factory’s products were poor in qualit y, decided to give his workers further training.

A. knowing

B. known

C. to know

D. being known

4. The old man , ______ abroad for 20 years, is on the way back to his motherland.

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked

5. The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature .

A. to smell

B. smelling

C. smelt

D. to be smelt

6. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the East Lake.

A. missing; playing

B. missing; play

C. missed; played

D. missed; to play

7. –Why did you go back to the shop?-- I left my friend ______ there.

A. waiting

B. to wait

C. wait

D. waits

8. Cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen.

A. smoke

B. smoking

C. to smoke

D. smoked

9. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

A. put

B. to be putting

C. to put

D. putting

10. - - We beat Class Four in the match, you know.

-- Yes. I saw you ______ , but what’s the s core?

A. play

B. playing

C. played

D. to play

11.______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A. To wait

B. Have waited

C. Having waited

D. To have waited

12.______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ______ out of her life.

13.Finding her car stolen, ______ .

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

14.He sent me an e-mail, _____ to get further information.

A. hoped

B. hoping

C. to hope

D. hope

15.We often provide our children with toys, football or basketballs, ______ that all children like these things.

A. thinking

B. think

C. to think

D. thought

16.______ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

A. Being separated

B. Having separated

C. Having been separated

D. To be separated

17. ______ fully, we can achieve great things.

A. Preparing

B. To prepare

C. Prepare

D. Prepared

18.The bell ______ the end of the period rang, _____ our heated discussion.

A. indicating; interrupting

B. indicated; interrupting

C. indicating; interrupted

D. indicated; interrupted.

19.The storm left, _____ a lot of damage to this area.

A. caused

B. to cause

C. to have caused

D. having caused

20.Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked

B. lacking of

C. lacking

D. lacked on

21. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ______ out of the window.

A. looking

B. to look

C. looked

D. having looked

22. “Y ou can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ______ away.

A. run

B. running

C. to run

D. ran

23.Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do

B. to do

C. doing

D. and

24.When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

A. compared

B. comparing

C. being compared

D. having compared

25.While watching television, _____ .

A. the doorbell rang

B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring

D. we heard the doorbell rings

26._____ the program me, they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A. Not completing

B. Not completed

C. Not having completed

D. Having not completed

27.______ from his accent, he must be ________ America.

A. Judged; from

B. To judge; of

C. Judging; from

D. Judging; of

28.______ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

A. General speaking

B. Speaking general

C. Generally speaking

D. Speaking generally

29.Weather ______ , they will go and visit the zoo.

A. permitted

B. permits

C. permitting

D. permit

30.The meeting _____ over, we all left the room and drove home.

A. being

B. was

C. to be

D. had been

综合能力训练

A mother and daughter living in my community are two of the most unfriendly people I have ever come across in my life. They are totally separated, mixing with 36 . As they drive past 37 they keep their eyes looking away and make no sign of acknowledgement. The only fame they have is making a nuisance (讨厌的人) of themselves to the local police station by 38 music played too loud, dogs barking more than once a day and any other petty 39 gripe (把柄).

On moving into this neighborhood, I was 40 of these two but decided I would make up my own mind. This proved quite a 41 to me as more than once either the mother or the daughter would knock on my door and blast (猛烈抨击) me with some 42 or other.

I 43 answered politely and made sure I 44 as they went past my place and also made the effort now and then to make a kind remark about their garden or pets.

Time passed and in October, as part of the kindness rock give (送爱心石活动), Maureen and I 45 to place a kindness rock in their garden. Their 46 remained unchanged, however, and I continued to be as friendly as possible. During the Easter give, we decided once again to 47 these two unhappy ladies to our list and left a packet of cookies on their 48 . Imagine my 49 when two days later they 50 at my gate and jokingly said they are considering hanging their Christmas stocking on their gate, and they 51 me a bunch of flowers!

So, my fellow gifters, do not 52 on your random gifts of kindness. You may never know just what this 53 to others, nor how many broken or 54 hearted people you may just change with a simple act of 55 .

36. A. nobody B. someone C. anyone D. nothing

37. A. ladies B. neighbors C. friends D. relatives

38. A. composing B. requesting C. reporting D. explaining

39. A. important B. easy C. interesting D. little

40. A. accused B. warned C. reminded D. convinced

41. A. challenge B. job C. task D. matter

42. A. jokes B. advice C. explanation D. complaint

43. A. seldom B. never C. always D. sometimes

44. A. waved B. stared C. noticed D. laughed

45. A. started B. continued C. mentioned D. decided

46. A. smile B. attitude C. decision D. anger

47. A. add B. recommend C. reduced D. drove

48. A. place B. roof C. gate D. fence

49. A. interest B. smile C. surprise D. face

50. A. whispered B. stopped C. shouted D. wandered

51. A. brought B. wished C. threw D. expected

52. A. take in B. take up C. give in D. give up

53. A. refers B. means C. relates D. contributes

54. A. kind B. light C. hard D. warm

55. A. sorrow B. hope C. imagination D. kindness

高中英语语法系列谓语动词

非谓语动词补充材料 1.不定式的构成 不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般 主动式被动式 一般式to do to be done 完成式to have done to have been done 进行式to be doing / 完成进行式to have been doing / 1) 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。如：They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。 He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。 2)不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语、定语等。如： She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。 I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。 It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country. 对我来说，在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。 3)不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如： It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好，这些天一直帮我们。 He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。 We didn’t expe ct you to be waiting for us here. 我们没料到你一直在这儿等我 4)不定式的完成进行式 如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作，就需要用完成进行式。如： They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years. 据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。 We are happy to have been helping each other these days. 我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。 5)动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如： Try not to be late again next time. 尽量下次不要再迟到。 He wished us never to meet her again. 他希望我们永远不要再见到她。 6)疑问词+动词不定式： 不定式和疑问词whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等动词后面作宾语，有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如： On hearing the news, he didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 听到这个消息，他不知道该哭还是该笑。 When to hold the meeting has not decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。 The most important problem is how to get so much money. 最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。 介词后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如： Mary gave some advice on how to learn English. 玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。 I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道该怎么做。 但是but和except后面可以跟不定式。如： He did nothing but wander on the street. 他除了在街上闲逛外，没有做什么。

【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案)

【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 【答案】A 【解析】 宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 2．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A．not finishing B．had not been finished C．not having finished D．not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。 考点：独立主格结构的考查 点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 3．The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A．filling B．filled C．being filled D．to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方，充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组：be filled with被……充满，此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词做伴随状态，故选B。 4．Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe. A．made B．to make C．being made D．having made 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。

人教版英语非谓语动词形式讲解及答案推荐精选

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