新标准大学英语视听说教程第一册视频及听力原文

Unit 1 Starting out

Inside view

Conversation 1

Porter Good afternoon.

Janet Good afternoon.

Porter New student?

Janet Yes.

Porter Welcome to Hertford College.

Janet Thank you.

Porter Can I have your family name, please?

Janet Yes, it's Li.

Porter Er, L-double E?

Janet No, L-I.

Porter And what's your first name, Ms Li?

Janet Janet.

Porter Janet Li... ah yes, there you are. Here are your keys.

Janet Where's my room?

Porter You're in Staircase 6 Room 5.

Janet Who am I sharing with?

Porter Nobody. You have your own room. Er...there's a Ms Santos in the room next to you.

Janet Oh. My own room? In China we usually have several people in a dormitory.

Porter Well, here you don't have to share with anyone.

Janet Thank you Sir.

Porter No need to call me sir, Ms Li. Everyone calls me Stewart.

Janet Please call me Janet!

Porter OK, Janet, um, can you just sign for your keys, please?

Conversation 2

Kate Hi, have you just arrived too?

Janet Yes!

Kate I guess we're neighbours. My name's Kate Santos.

Janet I'm Janet Li. Where are you from?

Kate From New York. How about you?

Janet I'm from Anshan in China.

Kate Is Janet your real name?

Janet No, it's my English name. My Chinese name is Li Hui. Is Kate your full name?

Kate No, it's short for Catherine.

Janet So do I call you Catherine or Kate?

Kate Everyone calls me Kate.

Janet Nice to meet you.

Kate OK, Janet. See you later.

Janet Bye!

Conversation 3

Kate Hey! This is awesome! Look at the size of this dining hall.

Janet Is this where we have all our meals?

Kate I guess.

Mark You just arrived?

Girls Yes!

Mark Me too. By the way, I'm Mark. Nice to meet you.

Kate Hi, I'm Kate.

Mark Hi Kate, I guess you're from the States.

Kate Right! How can you tell? You're British, huh?

Mark Yes, I'm from London. And you are ...?

Janet I'm Li Hui. I'm from China. But you can call me Janet.

Mark Hi Janet. Welcome to England. What are you reading?

Janet English.

Mark How about you, Kate?

Kate My major is law. And you?

Mark I'm studying PPE.

Kate That's a special Oxford subject, isn't it?

Outside view

Julie My name's Julie Dearden, and I'm the Director of International Programmes here at Hertford College.

Eugene My name's Eugene Berger, I studied here in Oxford for four years er, studying modern languages at Somerville College.

Julie Oh, there are many Oxford traditions. Oxford is a very old university, the oldest English-speaking university in the, in the world. And so there are many traditions which are associated with the colleges, with the times of the year, and with sport, and with eating, for example.

Eugene Each college is very different um, from um, the others, and it has its own character. Some colleges are very conservative, and some are much more liberal and have a tradition of um, kind of liberal politics. But there are also some specific traditions.

Julie Formal Hall is when we all eat together here in college, the professors and the students. Usually it takes places at seven o'clock in the evening, and the professors sit on high table which is the table over here, and the students sit on common table, which are the tables here. But everybody eats together. It's a very beautiful evening because there are, there's a special meal and we eat by candlelight.

Eugene I think er, the traditions that make Oxford so unique are firstly the Oxford Union and er, secondly, May Day. The Oxford Union being a debating society where speakers come from all around the world to address the students and even allow themselves to be questioned by the students, making it a very interesting forum.

Julie My favourite is er, May Day. And May Day is the first day of May, and we have a tradition called May Morning, and on May Morning everybody gets up very early and the students have a celebration. There is a choir which sings on top of the tower at Magdalen College and all the people of the town and all the students go to listen to the singing. So it's very nice.

Eugene The tradition that er, was most important to me was probably Summer Eights. I was a rower. And Summer Eights is a rowing competition, held in May in the summer term. And in this competition, each college is trying to improve its place which it won the previous year and gradually work its way up the river.

Julie When the students take exams, they must go to a special building and it's called Examination Schools. And also they must wear a special uniform, so they wear E.gown like mine, a black gown, and they wear a white shirt, arid the men wear a white tie and black trousers. The women wear a white shirt and a black skirt or black trousers. And they must wear this uniform, which has a Latin name - sub fuse — and they must wear this uniform in order to take their

Eugene I think the Oxford traditions lend character to the place and it's such an old institution, it should have traditions, but they can be very inconvenient. For example, sub fuse. This is the uniform that we are required according to the university rules, to wear.

Julie They also wear flowers in their buttonholes, and those flowers are carnations. And they wear different colours, the students wear different coloured flowers for different examinations. So when you take your first exam you wear a white flower, and when you take your second exam you wear a pink flower, and when you take your final examination you wear a red carnation.

Eugene So we have to dress up in a full black suit, starched collar, white bow tie and carry a mortarboard. And to write an exam in the summer heat whilst wearing all that which you're not allowed to take off is um, uncomfortable.

Julie I really like the Oxford traditions, I think it's part of our history, and part of um, being a student or a teacher here at Oxford University.

Listening in

Passage 1

Interviewer Can you tell me something about the Ivy League? You're a professor at Harvard, is that right?

Professor That's right, yes.

Interviewer Tell me how many universities are there? How many institutions?

Professor In total there are eight institutions: There's Harvard, Yale, Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Princeton, and the University of Pennsylvania. Interviewer Ah, OK. And what's the sporting ... I believe there's some link with sports.

Professor There certainly is, yes. Originally the Ivy League referred to the sports teams from the universities which competed against each other, especially in football, basketball and ice hockey. Now sometimes these universities, institutions, chose their students on the basis of their skills at these particular sports.

But in the last 50 years, Ivy League schools have accepted a wider range of students because it wasn't possible to be both world-famous for research and also top class in sport.

Interviewer And what about their academic importance? I gather they're academically very, very important, they're very well-known.

Professor Absolutely at the top. They're near or at the top of the USA colleges and university rankings. And they're almost always in the top one per cent of the world's academic institutions for financial resources.

Interviewer And what does it mean socially to go to an Ivy League university?

Professor Certainly if you've been to one of these institutions, you are presumed or assumed to be at the top end of the scale. The Ivy League institutions have a reputation for social elitism, many of the students are rich, intellectual, white Anglo-Saxon, protestants. Not all of them of course, but quite a lot of them. Interviewer And do you know ... why's it called the Ivy League, what's the origin of the name?

Professor There are a number of stories, derivations, but possibly it's based on four universities, and IV, the letters IV, that's the Roman numeral for four.

Another more likely story is that ivy plants, which are symbolic of the age of the universities, you know, would be grown at the walls of these universities, these institutions, they cover the walls of the buildings. The term was created by a sports journalist, I think in the 1930s.

Interviewer Right, OK. And which is the oldest university?

Professor The oldest goes back to the 17th century, that's Harvard which was founded in 1636. And the youngest of the institutions is Cornell which was founded in 1865.

Interviewer And which has the largest number of undergraduates?

Professor Cornell has the largest number, about 13,000, 13,500 undergraduates. The institution with the smallest number is Dartmouth College with a little over 4,000.

Interviewer And what about the acceptance rate? Is it hard to get into?

Professor That ranges from about seven per cent to 20 per cent.

Interviewer And any famous alumni? Famous old boys?

Professor Hundreds! Hundreds of them. But I suppose worldwide, the two that would be definitely known all over the world would certainly be George Bush who went to Yale, and John F Kennedy, President Kennedy, who was at Harvard.

Interviewer Thank you.

Passage2

Andy Did you see the film on television last night?

Jane No, I was out. What was it?

Andy A Beautiful Mind. It's about John Forbes Nash, the mathematician who won the Nobel Prize.

Jane I've heard about that film, yes. He's played by Russell Crowe, isn't he? I like Russell Crowe, he's great.

Andy That's the one, yes.

Jane What's it about?

Andy Well, the story begins in the early years of Nash's life at Princeton University as a graduate student.

Jane That's one of the Ivy League schools, isn't it?

Andy Yes, it's all set in New England, lovely old buildings, beautiful autumn colours. It's lovely to look at. Anyway, Nash meets his roommate Charles, a literature student, who soon becomes his best friend. Nash admits to Charles that he is better with numbers than people, and the main thing he's looking for is a truly original idea for his thesis paper.

Jane So he's not interested in having fun?

Andy Well, yes, but he's not very good with people or successful with women, that's all. But, you know, it's one of these bad experiences with people which ultimately inspires his brilliant work in mathematics.

Jane No good at relationships, so he becomes a genius at maths?

Andy That's about right, yes. So when he finishes his studies at Princeton, he accepts a job at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Five years later, he meets Alicia, a student who he falls in love with and eventually marries.

Jane Ah! At last, the love interest!

Andy Yes, but wait a moment. Nash believes that he's been asked to work by William Parcher for the US Department of Defense on breaking Soviet codes. At one point he's chased by the Russians, and it's after this that he becomes mentally ill.

Jane I think I've seen this in the trailer to the film.

Andy So when he's put in a psychiatric hospital, he thinks the Soviets have captured him. He's given this painful treatment which affects his relationship with his wife. And his intellectual skills. So he stops taking the medicine.

Jane It sounds quite hard to watch.

Andy Well, it is, but it's well acted and directed, and so, you know, there's a-bit of distance between the audience and what's happening on film.

Jane So what happens next?

Andy Well, then his illness returns, so he and his wife decide to try and live with it. It all gets a bit complicated, because we're no longer sure if Charles, you know, his old friend, or even Parcher were real, or if they were just people that existed only in Nash's mind.

Jane That sounds awful. He must have been so ill,

Andy Actually, I'm kind of giving away the twist in the story. Anyway, later in his life, while he's using the library at Princeton again, he asks his rival Martin Hansen if he can start teaching again. And so the story ends when he goes on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics.

Jane Well, it sounds like a great film.

Andy Yes, you should see it sometime.

Unit 2 Food, glorious food!

Inside view

Kate Oh, this looks nice.

Mark Cool.

Waitress Good afternoon, table for three? Come this way.

Mark Let's have a look at the menu.

Mark Thank you.

Janet Thank you.

Waitress The specials are on the board.

Kate So, what sort of food do you like, Janet?

Janet Well, I like spicy food. And I'm not very fond of raw food! What would you recommend?

Mark Why don't you try the chicken curry? That's nice and spicy.

Janet What's in it?

Mark Chicken cooked in tomatoes and onions with Indian spices.

Janet I'll try it. Do we all choose a selection of dishes to share or only one dish per person?

Mark Usually one dish per person.

Kate Or the moussaka looks good.

Janet What's it made with?

Kate It's made with lamb and eggplant. It's a Greek dish.

Janet How is it cooked?

Kate It's baked in the oven.

Janet Mm, that sounds good too.

Kate And as a starter?

Janet What's minestrone soup?

Mark It's an Italian soup with vegetables and pasta. It's delicious!

Janet OK, I'll have that.

Kate Waitress?

Waitress What can I get for you?

Kate Well, for the starter, can we have two minestrone soups, and for the main course, one moussaka and one curry, please. What about you, Mark?

Mark I'll have the prawns with garlic and the chilli con carne. And could you bring us some water, please?

Waitress OK.

Mark Thank you.

Waitress Thanks.

Janet What's chilli con carne?

Mark It's a spicy Mexican dish with beef and beans. It's very hot!

Conversation2

Janet That was great! Except I don't like cold water. I usually drink hot water.

Kate Hot water? We never drink hot water except with tea. Let's have a dessert. What would you like, Janet?

Janet Any suggestions?

Kate Well, why don't you try the apple strudel? It's an Austrian dish. It's made with apple, pastry and spices.

Janet No, I'm not so keen on pastry. ... What's a chocolate brownie?

Mark It's a kind of chocolate cake.

Janet How is it made?

Kate It's made with flour, eggs and butter ...

Mark And lots of chocolate!

Kate You'll love it.

Janet What kind of ice cream is there?

Kate I'll ask ... Excuse me ... What flavour ice cream do you have?

Waitress Strawberry, vanilla and chocolate.

Janet I'll just have a fruit salad, I think.

Mark And Kate, what are you going to have?

Kate Same for me.

Mark Could you bring us two fruit salads, and a chocolate brownie?

Waitress Sure.

Outside view

Voice-over We were lucky to be invited into the kitchen at the Dooky Chase's Restaurant. Leah has been working in the restaurant for over 50 years. She told us about her life and she explained how to make a simple dish called "shrimp Clemenceau".

Leah This is a very simple dish. First you get some shrimp. You can do this dish with chicken or shrimp, but I like it with the shrimp better. So you just brown

a little thing...

Interviewer And, and what's, what's the actual, what's the cooking in?

Leah Butter.

Interviewer OK.

Leah It just cook, so here you get a little cholesterol, but hey, that's it, a little cholesterol. Then you wanna get the garlic. So you see it works two forces. You get the cholesterol, and then you get a little garlic, cut out on the cholesterol, you see.

Interviewer OK. And where did you, where did you learn all the cooking?

Leah Well, my mother, you know. I'm the top of the line of 11 children, so you get to learn how to cook whether you like it or not. You get to cook that way.

Then here you want to add a little mushroom in here, this is just sliced button mushroom. If you like other mushroom, you can do that, we just saute that in there. You know, at home, when you, you have to cook, everybody had that turn in the kitchen. So this is a dish that is used in several restaurants, but this is my own version. Some people do it different than this, but I like it this way, because I like the ... Can you smell the garlic in there?

Interviewer Oh, yeah.

Leah Alright?

Interviewer That smell is very strong.

Leah Uha, and then you want to add your peas. It's very, very simple.

Interviewer And did you, did your mum run the restaurant as well?

Leah No, no, my mother-in-law. My mother-in-law had this restaurant before I came in. And she started it in 41. I came in in 46. So, and I added many things.

You have to understand in 41. Now here we can add our potatoes. You see our shrimp is all cooked there.-Just add the potato. You can pre-cook your potatoes. You can boil them, or in this case, we, we blanch them a little bit. In that and just toss together, and you get one, you get just one casserole like here. And you can put a little pepper on it. Give it a good dash of pepper. A little salt. It's very simple, but it's a good dish. And as I said, you can do it with chicken breast or shrimp. You see? Toss it and get it there.

Interviewer And what do you, what do you call the dish?

Leah A shrimp Clemenceau. And I, I really don't know how it got that name, but it's popular in this area. But as I said, some people do it a little different. You can take wine at this point. You can hit a little wine in there if you like it, but I, I just don't like to kill the taste of the butter and the garlic. I like that a lot.

And you can take the parsley, always parsley.

Interviewer That's parsley, isn't it?

Leah Parsley. Uhm. And I'm gonna show you something that all Creoles keep in their kitchen. You see you get kind of a like a dull look here. But every Creole

great dish to eat. Not hard to make. You see? And you have a good dish.

Listening in

Passage 1

Ben If it's a formal meal, maybe Thanksgiving or Christmas, or if you're with your boss or someone like that, you are being careful about your table manners.

So you'd wait until everyone is served before you eat. But most of the time,, if you know each other well you would just go ahead and start. It's more usual to entertain them at home because it shows your hospitality. We have a lot of barbecues outside, maybe in the garden or maybe at a campsite. But sometimes if you don't want to cook, you can go to a restaurant.

Oh, well, after dessert you'll have a little talk, then talk some more, have some coffee. Then you'll say, "Oh well, it's time for us, we should get going."

And if you don't then you're probably going to be rude and stay too late.

Michelle Well, it would be between 8 and 8.30. It is unusual that if somebody is invited for 8 they would be there at 7.30 or 7.45. Probably 8, or 8.30 would be when all the guests would arrive. It's OK to refuse something if you don't like it, but it might be embarrassing. For example, if I'm cooking dinner and I discover one of my guests is a vegetarian, I'll feel a bit frustrated that I didn't know before. But usually everyone tries everything.

Tom Well, usually the host serves the guests, so you should make sure you tell him or her not to give you too much, because yes, it's quite important to eat everything on your plate. It doesn't matter if you leave something, but if you leave a lot, it will look as if you don't like their cooking.

My mother always told me to put my hands on my lap, under the table when I wasn't eating, and I would be in big trouble if I ever put my elbows on the table. But actually I know that in some countries that's considered rude. So I might rest my hands or my arms on the table, and I suppose it's a bit more relaxed today than it used to be when I was young.

No, it's the worst thing you can do if you're eating. Any strange noises are absolutely forbidden. I mean you can say "mmm, this is good", but nothing more than that. And even when you drink soup or eat noodles, you have to do it in silence, otherwise it's considered very bad manners.

Passage 2

News-reader The government announced today that they are going to ban advertisements for junk food during TV programmes for children under the age of 16.

The rules will include any foods that are high in fat, salt and sugar. There will be a total ban on ads during children's programmes and on children's channels, as well as adult programmes watched by a large number of children. But there will not be a total ban on all ads for junk food which are shown on television before 9 pm. This was thought to be "over the top" by representatives of the food industry. The new rules will come into effect before the end of December this year, and mean that television channels will lose about ￡39 million in revenue for advertising.

So why has the government introduced this ban? We asked leading food and nutrition expert, Neil Bennett.

Neil Well, we all know that over the last 30 years, what we call junk food, bad food with too much fat and salt, has become easily available and eating habits have changed.

However, in recent years many of us have become aware of the importance of keeping fit and eating healthily, and this means people are not going to fast food restaurants so often. So, the result is that the fast food business has increased the number of ads in order to recover some of the business it's lost. News-reader And how do the fast food restaurants do this?

Neil The biggest problem is that they aim their ads at young people. One well-known fast food restaurant chain sells hamburgers which come with a free gift, usually a toy which is linked to a new children's film. Other fast food restaurants aim their ads at teenage and college-age men, trying to make their food trendy and, you know, kind of masculine food.

News-reader So a ban on junk food ads will stop the sales of junk food?

Neil Almost certainly not, but it might reduce the growth of the fast food industry.

News-reader So you're in favour of the ban?

Neil As a nutritionist, I am. As a father of two young children, I'm not sure.

News-reader Why not?

Neil Because less money from advertising will mean less money for children's TV programmes. So we're likely to see more cheap and violent cartoons, and fewer programmes produced specially for children.

News-reader So the choice is between junk food and junk television?

Neil Yes, that just about sums it up.

News-reader Neil Bennett, thank you.

Unit 3 Learning to think

Inside view

Conversation 1

Mark Hi, what're you doing?

Janet Oh, nothing much ... Well, I'm just doing this quiz here in the newspaper.

Mark Let's have a look then.

Janet Here. It's called, "How much do you know about memory?" I've just done it. Do you want to have a go?

Mark OK, might as well. I'm not busy.

Janet Right. Look, I'll read the statements. Then you have to answer "true" or "false". Ready?

Mark Yea.

Janet OK. Physical exercise improves your memory. True or false?

Mark True, I suppose. It sounds like the right answer.

Janet You're right, exercise does improve your memory. Next statement: 30 per cent of people have a visual memory.

Mark That sounds about right. True?

Janet No, wrong, I'm afraid. In fact, 60 per cent of people have a visual memory.

Mark Really? Actually, I've got a pretty good memory.

Janet Have you? OK ... Next one ... When you're tired, it's more difficult to remember things.

Mark That's true, obviously. I can't remember a thing when I'm tired.

Janet Correct! If you do one activity for a long time, your memory will improve.

Mark I'm not sure ... True?

Janet Actually, it's false.

Mark Oh!

Janet Eating fruit and vegetables can improve your memory.

Mark I read something in The Times about that. True.

Janet True, it says here.

Mark Oh, no! I've got a lecture. I'd forgotten. I'd better get going!

Janet Oh, Mark! What a good memory you have!

Conversation 2

Kate You're looking a bit down, Janet. What's up?

Janet Well... I'm finding studying at Oxford quite hard.

Kate You're telling me! There's so much work!

Janet It's not the amount of work - but everything's so different. In China, generally we have large classes, we don't have tutorials. And mostly, our teacher tells us what we should do. So I'm not used to asking questions or discussing things. I find it difficult.

Kate You have to memorize a lot, don't you?

Janet Yes, but I'm good at that.

Janet Yes, well, we've been trained to do that. But we don't have so much training in critical thinking.

Kate What do you mean by critical thinking?

Janet Let me think ... I think it's giving your opinion and then justifying it.

Kate Yes, I suppose that's what our teachers have always encouraged us to do.

Janet I am getting better at it, I suppose.

Kate Hey! How about this? Let's pretend I'm your tutor. I'll make a statement. Your task is to examine it and then ask questions.

Janet OK.

Kate Everyone is capable of learning a second language. Go on, ask a question!

Janet Why do you say that?

Kate That's what the research tells us. Now ask another one.

Janet Can you give an example of some research?

Kate Um ... No! Look, I'm starving and I can't think at all when I'm hungry.

Outside view

Part 1

Teacher Good morning, class.

Students Good morning.

Teacher What we're going to do today is start off looking at mind maps or mind mapping. Now have any of you heard about mind maps before?

Students Yes ... No ...

Teacher Yes. Some of you have, some of you haven't. OK. Have any of you actually used mind maps in the past?

Students No ...

Teacher No? OK. Who can tell me what a mind map is?

Student 1 It's a way of thinking.

Teacher It is a way of thinking. Mind maps are diagrams which help us to generate ideas, and also to organize or structure our ideas related to a topic. What I'd like to do next is look at some of the uses or the reasons for using mind maps. What are some of the reasons for using mind maps?

Student 2 To make a list?

Teacher To make a list? Yes. We could say to brainstorm ideas. Everyone contributes then-ideas as many ideas as quickly as possible, from everyone in a shorter time, er, as, as we can manage. OK, brainstorming is one of the most important um, um, uses of mind maps. What might be another use or another reason for using mind maps?

Student 3 It can help me take notes in the class.

Teacher OK, for the note-taking, a very good reason. Mind maps help us to get an overview or a, a quick understanding about a subject. By using mind maps to collect the main ideas from what the teacher says, you can keep a, a very general understanding of a topic and understand connections quite easily and um, quickly. What are some other uses of mind maps?

Student 4 Preparing for exams?

Teacher OK. Preparing for exams. That's a, a very good reason. We might call this, er, revision. Before an exam, after having studied for many, many days or even weeks, you might want to capture the, the, the very general understanding about the subject. Are there any other uses that you can think of for mind mapping?

Student 5 We can also use it for finding answers.

Teacher For finding answers. That's, that's a very good, good answer. We could call this problem-solving. We can use mind maps to, to see other possible alternatives, or options to, to, to solve a problem. OK. Next, I'd like us to talk about some of the advantages or the benefits of using mind maps instead of just writing everything on a piece of paper. One of the most obvious advantages, as you can see, is that mind maps are very visual. They give us um, almost

a picture, a, a different perspective in terms of a picture, or a diagram of understanding information or understanding connected ideas, which is very helpful

for people who like to learn from a different way. Are there any other advantages that you can think of for mind mapping?

Student 4 It lists the main points.

Teacher They do. They do list the main points. We could call this um, a quick summary. As you can see, we have main ideas throughout our mind map, not long texts. And in this way, it helps us to grasp the, the key ideas and the key connections for mind maps or for our given subject. Are there any other advantages you can think of?

Student 1 To think creatively.

Teacher To think creatively. That's, that's a very good point. We could call this creative thinking. And what we mean here is basically thinking outside of the box or thinking laterally. Mind maps are illogical and by being illogical they encourage us to think creatively, you might say.

Part2

Teacher Next, I'd like us to think about aspects of design or constructing mind maps. So far we have completed three quarters of our mind map about mind maps. And then I'd just like you to have a look at this mind map and tell me what some of the most noticeable or striking features are that we can talk about. Student 2 There is a centre.

Teacher There is a centre. There is what we call a central word, a central word or a phrase. It might also be a sentence or a question. You might have that in the centre of the board and your related thoughts spiraling or radiating out. What else do you notice about the design of this mind map?

Student 1 There are only words, not sentences.

Teacher Exactly. There are many what we call key words as they capture the main thought of, of an issue rather than a long sentence or, or a passage. This helps us to concentrate on the main issues and find connections between these issues as well. What other aspects of design do you notice here?

Student 5 It looks like a tree.

Teacher It does look like a tree because it has branches. By having branches, it shows how, um, thinking is radiating out or spiraling out from key ideas or central ideas to key words to sub-words and, and so forth. Are there any other aspects of design which you notice in this particular map?

Student 2 You used a lot of colours.

Teacher I did. I perhaps use too many colours. I have used different colour to show the different key words or different aspects of mind mapping. You might like to use different colours to highlight different sections of a mind map or key information. Or you may, you may choose to have it all in one colour. It's very much a personal choice, depending on how you like to, to think and, and plan your thinking. You might also like to use images or pictures related to some of the key words. Or you might even use symbols. We'll put a question mark because this again is a personal choice and how you like to design your mind maps. For example, I might choose to use a thought bubble as a symbol, highlighting or identifying my central phrase, mind maps. This could be a, a feature of my own mind maps. Whenever I design a mind map, I highlight my central thought using a speech bubble symbol.

Listening in

Passage 1

Interviewer With us today is Martin Downes, a carpenter, who's 51. A year ago, Martin had a stroke. But he's been lucky enough to make a full recovery from it. Can you tell us how it all began, Martin?

Martin I'm very happy to - not that I remember much at all. I was at a customer's house, building a cupboard, and the next thing I knew, I woke up in hospital with people in white coats bending over me.

Interviewer It must have been very frightening.

Martin It was. But what was really frightening was that I couldn't speak. I couldn't say a word. And I couldn't understand much that people said to me. Interviewer How awful!

Martin Yeah! I don't know what would have happened to me if I hadn't had my family. But they were there for me, they really were. I had something called aphasia, where the part of your brain gets damaged that affects your speech and language. But they started treatment for the condition almost immediately.

This speech and language therapist came to see me every day for 12 weeks. They made me do all these exercises.

Interviewer What kind of exercises?

Martin I had to match words and pictures and say their names. You see, I'd also forgotten the names of a lot of things. She had this thing called a word board

Interviewer Could you say anything to begin with?

Martin I could say three words. "Hi", "Yes" and "No". That was all. And there were a lot of words I couldn't understand -I had to learn their meanings all over again.

Interviewer It must have been very frustrating.

Martin It was, but I was determined to get better. I was in hospital for three and a half months. When I got home I got a special computer programme that I worked with every day. And slowly my language came back to me. It was a struggle, a big struggle. I had to learn to read and write again too. Interviewer Why do you think that you were able to recover completely? It's not that common, is it?

Martin I was lucky. I was given the right drug at the right time. And I had 12 weeks of therapy, five days a week. That's very important, apparently. Interviewer And now that you're better how do you feel about your life?

Martin What can I say? I'm just grateful to have my life back.

Passage 2

Interviewer In 1907 an Italian educator called Maria Montessori opened a school in Rome that taught young children using methods that were very different from traditional teaching. Today, the Montessori method, as it's known, is used in nursery schools in countries such as America, Canada, Britain and Germany. Recent research shows that children educated at a Montessori nursery do better later on at school than other children in all subjects. We asked two Montessori teachers, Claudia Rosella and Sarah Harrington, to explain what makes their nursery school different. Sarah...

Sarah I think the first thing to say is that a Montessori classroom is very quiet, very clean. Everything stays in the same place. So the children are calm and quiet as a result.

Interviewer So they're not encouraged to be noisy.

Sarah No, definitely not...

Interviewer Claudia?

Claudia Yes, the classroom's very important. Another important principle is that children direct their own learning. They choose what they want to do. Interviewer So the teacher doesn't tell the child what to do?

Sarah Not at all. While a child is doing an activity we observe them. Then we work with the child for a short time and then leave them to work on their own. Interviewer That sounds excellent. And what about your equipment? It's often made of wood, isn't it?

Sarah Yes, and a piece of equipment is often designed for one activity only.

Claudia Right. It's so that the child can see if they're getting something right or wrong.

Interviewer So they don't need the teacher so much"?

Sarah That's right. Another Montessori principle is the importance of physical activity. Children learn by doing, so when they're learning to read, for example, the letters are made of sandpaper so that children can feel the shape of the letter.

Interviewer Do you think there are disadvantages with Montessori methods?

Claudia Yes, there are. Maria Montessori didn't understand how important it is for children to use their imagination. If she was alive today, she would recognize that. But still, the fact is, her methods are very successful.

Unit 4 Person to person

Inside view

Conversation 1

Kate Oh, I must make a quick call.

Jacky Hello, Jacky Gordon speaking.

Kate Hello, can I speak to Abbie, please?

Jacky I'll see if she's in, can you hold on?

Kate Sure.

Jacky Hello? She's out, I'm afraid. Can I give her a message - er ... or I can ask her to call you back?

Kate Could you ask her to call me back?

Jacky Sure. Who's calling?

Kate Kate Santos.

Jacky Kate Santos, OK. Does Abbie have your number?

Kate Yes, she does.

Jacky I'll tell her you called.

Kate Thanks.

Janet Abbie? I know a girl called Abbie. She reads English, doesn't she?

Kate Yes, how do you know her?

Janet She has a tutorial just after me so we chat a bit. We get on really well.

Kate Yes, everyone likes Abbie. I think it's because she's really interested in people - she's a very good listener. She should be, she works for Nightline.

Janet Nightline?

Kate Oh, I haven't told you, I've joined it.

Janet What is it? I've never heard of it.

Kate Look, I've got a leaflet about it.

Janet So...

Kate It's a university helpline for students who are having problems. I'm training to be one of the people they can call to talk to.

Janet You mean, you're a volunteer?

Kate Yes.

Janet Oh, that's great, Kate.

Conversation 2

Abbie Hi, Abbie speaking.

Kate Hi, Abbie, it's Kate Santos.

Abbie Hi! I'm sorry not to have called you back. I've got a lot on at the moment. How's things?

Kate Fine. I just wanted to let you know I won't be able to come to the next training session.

Abbie Um ... It's quite an important session. Oh, can you hold on a moment. There's someone at the door.

…

Abbie Hi, I'm sorry, look, can I call you back later?

Kate Sure. What time?

Abbie Is three o'clock OK?

Kate Three's fine.

Abbie OK, I'll call you then. Speak soon.

Kate Bye.

Abbie Bye.

…

Kate Abbie's my Nightline trainer.

Janet You're saying she's your Nightline trainer! But she's still a student.

Kate Well, experienced students train new students, that's the way it works.

Janet Oh, I see.

Janet Listening skills? What do you mean, listening skills?

Kate Um ... The ability to really listen to someone and make them feel you're listening. It's very important.

Janet I've never thought about that before.

Kate Yes, for example, one thing you can do is listen carefully and then repeat what someone says but maybe a little differently.

Janet So what you're saying is, repeat what someone says but maybe not the exact same words?

Kate Yes. You see, when you do that, you check you've understood and you show them you're really listening.

Janet So they know you've really heard them.

Kate Very good, Janet. I can see you've got it already! Hi,... how's it going?

Outside view

Voice-over It's the most popular means of communication in the 21st century. Nobody writes letters any more, especially young people. They all use text messaging instead. Officially called SMS - short message service - text messaging is slow to enter, and you can only key in 160 characters. So why is it such a success? The first text message was sent in 1992, but texting only became commercially available in 1995. It has grown incredibly quickly since then.

Just look at the graph. In 1999, the number of texts sent reached one billion. Over the next three years, it grew to 20 billion! So people have now sent billions of texts, and the number continues to rise. It isn't difficult to see why it quickly became part of youth culture.

Emily I use it every day. I don't call a lot of people on it. I just use it for text messages because it's easy and quick to send things and arrange things by text. Heidi Mainly to friends. Sometimes it's useful to get information for work as well. You know, if people want to give you contact numbers or things like that, it's easier than phoning.

Andy I've had my mobile phone for about three years. I mostly use it for just texting my mates and arranging sort of social meetings with them.

Alice I like texting. I don't really talk much on it except just to make arrangements but texting's the biggest thing I do.

Male I probably text message about ten, 15 times a day.

Alice Usually, I don't know, about ten. Ten to 15. Fifteen maybe to 20.

Voice-over It isn't just young people who use texting. Companies use it too - for advertising and promotion. For example, the Orange telephone network has run a text message promotional campaign since April 2004. People text a special number on a Wednesday and receive a discount voucher by text. They show this message to any one of 450 cinemas in Britain and get two tickets for the price of one. Why Wednesday? Wednesday has always been the worst day of the week for cinemas. Since the campaign started, cinema attendance has risen on Wednesdays by nearly ten per cent. And, of course, TV uses text message voting to decide lots of things. Texting has been one of the most successful inventions for years.

Listening in

Passage 1

John Are you packed?

Mike Yup. Everything's there.

John Sure you've packed your mobile?

Mike I'll look again, John ... yes.

John Well, we've got another ten minutes before we need to leave, so we might as well relax. You know someone told me an amazing story yesterday about these Australians who got completely lost in some national park.

Mike And don't tell me, they used their mobile to get help?

John That's right!

Mike So what happened?

John Well, it was this guy with his son and niece -I think she was about 14 - and they were hiking in this really rugged country and they got completely lost - no idea where they were at all.

Mike That's not going to happen to us.

John No, it isn't. Anyway, the guy had his mobile and he phoned the emergency services — it wasn't dark yet - and they sent out a search party, but they couldn't find them. And then -this is the interesting bit - the guy sent photos of the place where they were.

Mike I'd have thought of that.

John Yes, well it's pretty obvious, really. And in the photos there were mountains in the background, and the staff at the emergency service centre were able to identify exactly which mountains they were. And they used the photos to pinpoint their location, you know, to get the exact location.

Mike How did they do that?

John They used mapping software.

Mike Right.

John Anyway, by then it had got dark and really freezing. So they slept behind this ridge and covered themselves with leaves. And you know what the young girl said afterwards? She said, "It was quite fun."

Mike Really, wasn't she frightened?

John I don't think so.

Mike So - is there a happy ending?

John Yes, well they sent out helicopters as soon as it was daylight and the helicopter hovered over the area, and the man kept talking to them till they were able to pinpoint his location. And when they finally found them they were only 400 metres away from where they'd expected them to be.

Mike Amazing!

John And that's because they'd moved 400 metres away from where they'd taken their photos because the ground was too rough to sleep on.

Mike Incredible!

John And the moral of the story is-

Mike Always take your mobile phone with you when you go hiking.

John And take one that has a camera.

Mike Hey, I think we should go, John.

John Yes, OK. You think we're going to get lost?

Mike No chance, mate!

Passage2

Social networking - it's the 21st century way of having fun - online. And if you're under 40, you probably use a social networking site - maybe when you should be working. It's well-known that office workers spend up to two hours a day on a site, exchanging messages and photos. And do students ever do anything else? Different social networking sites are used by different age groups.

For people in their 20s, the most popular site is Facebook, the online phenomenon started by an American student in 2004. It's taken only four years to make Facebook a huge success - and the website's made its founder, Mark Zuckerberg, a very rich man indeed.

What's extraordinary about Zuckerburg is that he started Facebook when he was only 18. He was a student at Harvard, one of America's top universities, when he launched the Facebook website, working from his college room. In only two weeks, more than two-thirds of his college had signed up and in a year, thousands of colleges were using it. Today, Facebook has millions of users. More than half of them visit the site at least once a day.

So what makes Facebook so special? Like other networking sites, you create a profile with photos, you list your interests, you exchange messages and join groups of friends. But where Facebook is different is that it gives you a privacy that you just don't get on other sites. Unlike other sites, you have a lot of control over what users can see about you. As a result, one-third of Facebook users give out their mobile numbers - they know it's safe to do so.

But you still need to be careful about what you think is safe to show people. One reason is that more and more employers are using Facebook to check out potential employees. Is the person you've just interviewed as good as he seems? Facebook can provide the answer. If a 26-year-old man says on Facebook that he's been travelling round the world for the last three years, and in his interview he said he'd been working in an office - well, he probably won't get the job. Unit 5 All you need is love

Conversation 1

Kate Hi, Becky, how's it going?

Becky Good!

Mark Guys, look, can you help me with a problem?

Janet Yes, of course.

Mark The thing is, there's this girl I really like called Jenny Sparks. She's a Fresher, realty stunning, reads history. I know her name because someone pointed her out to me, but I've never actually spoken to her. Do either of you know her?

Kate No.

Janet No, I don't know her. Mark, how can you like her if you haven't met her?

Kate It's because she's absolutely gorgeous, Janet.

Mark That's right! I want to ask her out, but first I've got to meet her. Got any suggestions?

Becky Guys! You want to order?

Mark Sorry.

Kate Three cappuccinos?

Becky Sure.

Janet Do you know anyone who knows her? You could ask them to introduce you.

Mark No, I don't, that's the problem.

Kate Are you matchmaking, Janet?

Janet What's matchmaking?

Kate Making introductions between people who might like each other. We don't do that here. How about just walking up to her and saying Hi? Why don't you do that?

Mark No.

Kate Why not?

Mark I'm not usually shy, but - she's so ... you know ...!

Janet Oh, Mark!

Kate Just believe in yourself, Mark. You're a great guy!

Janet I understand Mark completely.

Kate Well, it's the only way he's going to get to talk to her.

Mark OK, I'll give it a try.

Becky Solved the Jenny problem yet? ,

Girls Thank you.

Janet You'll be fine. Mark. She'll like him, won't she, Becky?

Becky Of course she will!

Conversation 2

Mark Hey, guess what, guys, I've got a date with Jenny.

Kate You did it, you asked her out?

Janet When are you seeing her?

Mark Saturday. We're going to The Eagle and Child.

Janet Sounds great.

Mark Yeah! The thing is, I'm a bit nervous.

Janet Are you?

Mark Yes, I'm afraid I'll make a fool of myself. I could do with some more advice.

Kate Any ideas?

Janet Um ... I'm thinking.

Kate Well... One thing is ... if you're nervous, it's easy to talk too much, so remember not to do that.

Mark Good point. I'll remember that.

Janet You should make her feel special. Show her you're really interested in her.

Mark I am really interested in her.

Janet Well, you should show her you are.

Mark That'll be easy! What else?

Kate It's a good idea to look good.

Mark That's pretty obvious!

Kate I mean clean clothes, Mark!

Mark Oh ... thanks, Kate! Any more advice?

Kate Yes, the most important thing is, just be yourself.

Becky How's it going, Mark?

Kate He's worried this girl won't like him.

Becky She'll love you! Ready to order?

Outside view

Part 1

Voice-over Finding someone to love isn't easy. For years, single people have looked for prospective mates in a few tried-and-true ways. They met in school or at work, through friends or relatives. Or they met by chance in bars, at weddings, or at parties. Today there's a new way to find that special someone. Many people have met boyfriends, girlfriends, fiancés, husbands, and wives in a way that didn't exist up to about ten years ago. The Internet has completely changed the world of dating. Anyone can look for a match online at one of hundreds of different websites like these.

Consultant There are approximately 150 million singles in North America, and what's interesting is that a lot of them are trying online dating.

Speaker 1 I've never tried Internet dating.

Speaker 2 I have friends who have tried Internet dating, and one of them is getting married to the person he dated.

Speaker 3 I have not tried Internet dating, but I have a friend who has.

Speaker 4 I have not tried Internet dating.

Speaker 5 I have tried Internet dating. I had one good experience and one bad experience

Speaker 6 I've tried Internet dating. It worked out very well.

Carol Hi!

Daughter Hi!

Carol Oh, it's good to see you! You look great!

Daughter Thank you.

Carol Hey, I love the color.

Daughter Thank you. Come in, come in.

Voice-over How does Internet dating work? Carol is about to find out. She's having dinner with her daughter, who has just registered on an Internet dating site. Carol So how's work?

Daughter Work is really good. It's busy, so I've been making money.

Carol Good. Have you met anyone yet?

Daughter No, not yet. But I just signed up. Mum? Mum, come on. I'll show you.

Find a great picture of yourself that shows you doing something that you enjoy. Write about who you are and who you're looking for. Third step is to start searching for that special someone. Use the search function on the site to identify people in your area that you may want to hook up with. Fourth step is to reach out to those people. You write them a nice short letter. Show that you're interested in them and off it goes. After that, sit back, cross your fingers, and hope for the best.

Part 2

Daughter OK. We open the browser, we go to the website.

Carol OK.

Daughter Mum, sit down.

Carol OK.

Daughter And it's basically a search engine – a search engine for a boyfriend. So I enter my criteria. I am a woman, looking for a man between the ages of 24 and 32.

Carol OK. Interesting.

Daughter And then I click "search".

Carol OK.

Daughter And then a screen with all the candidates who meet my criteria comes up. Oh, look. "I've just come back from a safari and I'm looking for a little more adventure."

Carol He's not interested in a relationship.

Daughter "I'm 30 years old, but I still haven't found my dream lover." He's looking for someone who doesn't exist.

Carol You, you've always stayed away from unrealistic guys. Don't start now.

Daughter "I've recently broken up after 12 years of love. I'm looking for another woman just like Linda."

Carol He hasn't gotten Over Linda yet.

Daughter I've never wanted to date a guy who's still in love with someone else. "I'm desperate?"

Carol No way!

Daughter No way! No way!

Consultant Internet dating is not just for desperate people. It's become very mainstream, and the stigma has gone away. It helps because we're very busy in our professional lives now, and it gives us an easy way to meet people that we normally wouldn't come across in our day-to-day lives.

Carol Ooh!

Daughter Ooh!Doctor!

Carol Doctor!

Daughter Ski. Hello! Looking for someone who's funny and spontaneous.

Carol That's you.

Daughter He likes jazz and cycling and skiing. I like to ski.

Carol There you go.

Daughter "My perfect date is dinner at a really nice restaurant, followed by dancing."

Carol Aww ... Come on, that's great!

Daughter What's this guy?

Carol He's cute.

Daughter He's 26. He's a marketing assistant. He's looking for a woman who's confident in herself and her surroundings.

Carol That's you.

Daughter Someone who knows how to laugh.

Carol That's you.

Daughter "My perfect date is going to a small club and hearing the latest new music." That's a good answer. OK. Outdoor guy Twenty-four. Grad student. Carol So he's smart.

Daughter "I'm looking for a really fun woman who loves the outdoors, hiking, skiing. A good sense of humor is a must."

Carol Again, funny, good sense of humor.

Daughter His perfect date is a canoe trip down a river that leads to the ocean. Swimming and a picnic on the beach.

Carol Well, you could bring the picnic part, anyway.

Consultant A great profile paints a broad picture of who you are and what you like to do with your life but does not bore the person.

It's not a book; it's a brief essay. You have to reel them in in the first five or ten seconds. Otherwise, they're going to move on to the next person.

Voice-over Carol looks for someone too.

Carol What about me?

Daughter OK. Um, looking for a man between the ages of ...

Carol Forty-five.

Daughter To...

Carol Fifty-five.

Daughter Search.

Carol Mmm! What do you think about this guy?

Daughter He's cute. Um, he's 52.

Carol He's looking for an attractive woman who is kind.

Daughter He likes to go sailing!

Carol I love that! Exotic places? Come on!

Daughter What if Dad knew you were doing this right now?

Carol Oh, shush!

Listening in

Passage 1

Interviewer So - tell us about how you first met.

Amy How we first met... Oh, it wasn't very romantic.

David I thought it was very romantic.

Interviewer Why don't you begin at the beginning?

Amy Good idea. Well, I was 22 and I'd just left uni and I went on holiday to the French Alps with a girlfriend. And someone invited us to go climbing. But my friend got ill so I went without her. There was this group of about eight guys and two girls.

David There were four girls.

Amy Alright! Well, anyway, no one had told me that the mountain we were going to climb was - vertical - and that we were climbing with ropes! I was terrified, absolutely terrified, I just really hadn't expected it.

David She was terrified! I noticed her immediately. She looked so scared -she was wearing this great hat — but she was white as a sheet.

Amy Oh, I don't know about that, but I remember I was shaking all over. David came over and started talking to me and telling me how safe it was with the ropes. And he was so sweet, you know I think I fell in love with him right then.

David Yeah, it was the same with me ... We roped up and I made sure I stayed next to her ... I kept talking to her and encouraging her.

Amy It really helped. I think I would have fallen off the mountain if you hadn't done that.

David Rubbish! You were perfectly safe. Anyway, we got to the summit — it was a kind of flat area - and Amy just collapsed - she couldn't stand up!

Amy It's true, I couldn't. I felt -I was just - everyone ignored me except David - everyone.

David Quite a few people came to talk to you.

Amy They didn't!

Amy Well, you talked to me, and that's all that mattered.

David Thank you!

Amy So -

David So we climbed back down the mountain.

Amy which was just as bad -

David and we headed for the nearest village and we both had huge pizzas.

Amy I didn't eat a thing! I was still feeling too sick.

David You did, you know.

Amy You know, you have a terrible memory sometimes.

David So do you! ... To cut a long story short, we got married six months later and went on a three-week honeymoon to Barbados.

Amy Two weeks!

David And we've lived happily ever after.

Passage2

Presenter And now let's move on to online dating, a way of meeting a potential partner that's becoming more and more popular. James O'Hanlan and Claire Goodall are two online dating experts who are going to give all you listeners advice about how to use online dating safely and successfully. James ... James OK. The first thing to say is, don't be nervous. A lot of people are and it's very understandable. But there's no need to be, provided you follow the rules, which we're going to tell you right now. Isn't that right, Claire?

Claire Absolutely.

James So, let's begin at the beginning. When you join an online dating site, the first thing you do is give some basic information about yourself. Now, don't be tempted to lie - about your age, for example. If you want a good relationship, you need to be honest. If you're not, you'll get found out and that could be painful.

Claire Another thing - it's a good idea to use a photo, you'll get many more replies than if you don't.

James But use a recent photo, not one that was taken ten years ago!

Claire Let's move on to the next stage. You've had some responses and chosen one or two people you'd like to chat with. Now, the most important advice here is, don't give out any personal information until you're 100 per cent sure you're that happy to do so. That includes your real name, your phone numbers, your workplace address and your email address. Use the email facility at the website and only give out your email address when you feel completely safe. James And email for as long as you want, it's a great way of getting to know a person. Then, the next stage is to talk on the phone. Now that's very revealing, because you'll hear the person's voice, and also because people have to be spontaneous on the phone - they can't think about what they're going to say for half a day, unlike emails.

Claire Then, if you're feeling really comfortable, agree to meet. But always choose a public place. Don't go to someone's home.

James A cafe or bar is the best choice.

Claire And don't forget to tell a friend where you're going and what time you expect to be back. That's important.

James Another good idea is to ask the same friend to call you during the meeting so that if you want to leave quickly you can say that something urgent's come up and you have to go.

Claire That's everything! If you follow this advice you should be perfectly safe. And you may find the man -

James ... or woman —

Claire ... of your dreams!

James & Claire Happy hunting!

Unit 6 Shop fill you drop!

Inside view

Conversation 1

Janet So, are you looking for anything in particular?

Mark Maybe a T-shirt or a polo shirt.

Janet We could go into the covered market and have a look at the shops in there.

Kate And what about you?

Janet I need some cosmetics from the Body Shop on Cornmarket Street.

Kate And I'm looking for something to wear to Jenny's party tonight. But nothing too expensive. Anyway, look, let's go in here.

Assistant Can I help you?

Kate We're just looking.

Mark What do you think of this one?

Kate Hmm, it's OK, but I'm not sure green suits you. Do they have it in other colours?

Janet What size do you take?

Mark Medium, I guess. Oh, here's a nice polo shirt. I like the colour. It's a bit small, though.

Janet Do they have it in a larger size?

Mark Yes, here we go. That's great.

Janet How much is it?

Mark Twelve pounds. That's not too bad. I'll buy it.

Mark I'll have this, please.

Assistant That'll be 12 pounds please. ... Thank you. ... And here's your shirt, and here's your receipt.

Mark Thanks.

Mark Look, I've really got to go. I'll see you at the party tonight.

Kate OK.

Janet Bye.

Conversation 2

Janet OK, Kate. Now it is time to find something for you. What about this dress?

Kate Hey, that's lovely.

Janet Would you like to try it on?

Kate Yes, OK. Where are the changing rooms?

Assistant Just behind you.

Kate Thank you. ... What do you think?

Janet Well, it really suits you, but...

Kate ... it's a bit big. Excuse me, do you have this in a smaller size?

Assistant What size do you take?

Kate Size 8, I think.

Assistant No, I'm afraid we don't. That's the last one.

Kate No, it doesn't really fit. OK, I'll leave it.

Janet Actually, I really like it.

Kate Why don't you try it on, then?

Janet OK. ... What do you think?

Kate Perfect. It really suits you.

Kate Go on! You deserve it!

Janet OK, I'll have it. But I don't have enough cash. ... Can I pay by credit card?

Assistant Sure.

Janet Thank you.

Assistant Please enter your PIN. ... And here's your receipt.

Janet Thank you.

Assistant Thanks a lot.

Kate That was painless, wasn't it? But I still don't have a dress for the party. Let's try somewhere else.

Assistant Bye.

Girls Bye.

Outside view

Part 1

Voice-over Do you have something you don't want anymore? Maybe you'll just throw it away. Or you could sell it. How? Well, you might want to sell it in the newspaper classified ads. Or you could sell it on a bulletin board. You could put a sign on it. Or find a buyer. If you have lots of things you don't want anymore, you could have a yard sale or a garage sale. And today there is a new way to sell your things. You can sell them online. If you have something you want to sell online, Jessica Sherman can help you.

Jessica I'm an eBay seller. I can sell anything, from cars to pianos, to bikes, furniture, anything. Anything in an online auction. Here's how an online auction works. Let's say you want to buy something. You can type in what you're looking for here, or you can search these categories. See, you can buy all kinds of things. You can buy antiques, computers, musical instruments, you can even buy a house! Well, let's look at cameras. In an auction, people who want to buy this camera make an offer, say, $50. An offer is called a bid. And people who make bids are called bidders. There are 16 bids for this camera right now, and the top bid is $300 and the auction for this camera will end in nine hours. I help lots of people sell different things online. My customers might come to me, or I might go to them and we look at what they have to sell.

Part 2

Jessica Lisa?

Lisa Hey!

Jessica Hi. It's Jessica. Nice to meet you.

Lisa You too.

Jessica How did you find me?

Lisa Well, I saw your flyer down at the coffee shop.

Jessica Oh, great! What do you have here?

Lisa Well, I've got these five designer dresses, and they all have original tags.

Jessica They look great, and the tags will definitely help get a better price. How much do you want to get for each dress?

Lisa Well, I'd like to get $50.

Jessica Probably get 50, but you might make a little less.

Lisa That's fine.

Jessica Great. Well, let's do it! This is great. This is cute!

Lisa Hm mmh.

Jessica Oh, I love this one. Let's post this one. You know, Lisa, this is a perfect summer dress. I think we should take the picture outside.

Lisa Good idea!

Jessica This is how it works. Lisa pays a fee between two and ten dollars to put her dress online.

Jessica I've got my camera right here.

Jessica I get 15% commission and the buyer pays for the dress and the shipping costs. First I take pictures. Then we'll decide how many days we'll put her dress up for auction. Three, five, seven or ten days.

Jessica Now, you have a choice of a three-, five- or seven-day auction. What would you like to do?

Lisa Well, um, how about seven days?

Jessica That's exactly what I would recommend.

Jessica After I take the picture, I list the item. To do that, I enter the information about it.

Jessica Well, the description is really important. The details will help sell the dress. Oh, there are so many dresses online that we need to show how this one is unique. You know, we could put a reserve price on this.

Lisa Reserve price? What's that?

Jessica Well, a reserve price is when we set a minimum price for the dress and if the bids don't reach that price, the dress won't sell.

Lisa What do you think?

Jessica In my experience, if we don't use a reserve price we'll get more bids, and it'll be much more exciting, and you might make more money.

Lisa Yeah, let's do it!

Jessica All right!

Jessica Now we agree to pay the listing fee. It's the last thing that we do, and the dress is up for auction.

Person 1 Yes, I shop online.

Person 2 Yes, I shop online.

Person 3 Yes, I shop online.

Person 4 I do not shop online.

Person 5 Yes, I shop online.

Person 4 I don't have a computer.

Person 6 I shop online all the time.

Person 5 I shop online once a month.

Person 3 I shop online probably every couple of months.

Person 1 I shop online three or four times a year.

Person 4 I shop in stores.

Person 2 When I shop online I buy CDs.

Person 7 I buy some of my supplies online.

Person 3 I usually buy books or music when I, when I, uh, shop online.

Jessica Now I check on the items I've listed. I wonder how Lisa's dresses are doing! Are there any bids? We've got some interested buyers here! These dresses will definitely sell. At the last minute, you often see prices going up.

Lisa Hello?

Jessica Lisa?

Lisa Oh, hey Jessica! How did the auctions go?

Jessica I have some good news!

Lisa Yes?

Jessica We did really well. We sold all five dresses for $210.

Lisa Oh, that's wonderful! Thank you so much!

Jessica Isn't that great? Well, I will be sending you a check in the mail.

Lisa Oh, thank you. Have a good day.

Jessica Great. Thank you so much, Lisa. Bye-bye.

Jessica These dresses sold very well. Now it's my job to make sure that we get paid and to ship the dress to the buyer. I think online selling is fun. And you

Listening in

Passage 1

Speaker 1

Interviewer So, how are you enjoying yourself in St Petersburg? What's it like?

Speaker 1 Oh, I think it is a very beautiful place.

Interviewer What sort of... Is it good for shopping? What do you buy in St Petersburg?

Speaker 1 Yes, there are things you should buy. Of course, vodka is very good here and the other thing very expensive is the caviar. It is beautiful. Then there are the dolls. What have do they say? Matrioshka dolls.

Interviewer Matrioshka dolls. Those wooden dolls that go inside each other?

Speaker 1 Yes, you take one out and open the top and there is another one. You take off the top and there is another. They get very very small inside. Very small.

Interviewer OK.

Speaker 1 And of course, the chess. Because they are very famous here in this part of the world to play the chess.

Interviewer Yes. And what sort of shops are there? Where's it best to shop?

Speaker 1 Oh, here there are very good department stores, where you can buy everything that you like, clothes and everything. And also, lots of small kiosks that are very unique, owned by different shopkeepers, you know. And they are all over St Petersburg. Little kiosks and also markets that are very good. And there is a very good museum shop at the museum - at the Hermitage Museum.

Interviewer And what are the opening hours?

Speaker 1 At the museum?

Interviewer Well, all shops, generally. What are the opening hours ... for shopping?

Speaker 1 Yes. Usually, they open at around 10 o'clock in the morning and I think they are open to 7 o'clock at night; sometimes even longer, to 8 o'clock. Interviewer And how do you, how do you actually buy things? How do you pay for things? I think, there is a slightly different way of doing this in Russia. Speaker 1 Yes, you point to the thing that you want to buy, which is usually behind the counter or something like that; and then you go to a cash desk to pay.

And then you have to go back to the counter and then you take the thing you have bought.

Interviewer It sounds as though it's quite a long process.

Speaker 1 It is very interesting.

Speaker 2

Interviewer So, how are you enjoying it in Cairo? What's, what's the shopping like?

Speaker 2 Oh, it's fantastic. And the shopping is absolutely great. Um, you can get everything from fantastic little wooden boxes. You can get backgammon boards. You can get all kinds of leather stuff-sandals and so on. Oh, and the thing that they're really famous for here of course, is the water pipes that they call it a sheesha.

Interviewer A sheesha. OK. That's the water pipe.

Speaker 2 That's right, yes. Yes, they like the smoking here.

Interviewer And where are the best places to shop?

Speaker 2 Well, I think the best place actually here is to go, if you go to the mediaeval market. It's a commercial centre in the middle of Cairo and - er - they sell lots of fantastic souvenirs there. You can get spices, er, you can get gold and silver, and copper stuff, and - er - they also sell your fruit and veg. Interviewer Uh-huh. When does it open? When are the shops open?

Speaker 2 Well, the hours are very good. They open very early in the morning. They stay open till about 10 o'clock at night. You do have to remember, of course, that they take a very long lunch break. So, they are closed for this long time in the afternoon but they, you know, re-open and stay open until late.

Oh, and the other thing you have to remember is that they - everything is closed on a Friday.

Interviewer Right, and how do you pay for things? Do you have to bargain for, for goods?

Speaker 2 Well, bargaining is absolutely a sport here. Uh, they, they do prefer cash always. I think some of the tourist shops will take credit cards but only in the tourist shops. When you start the, the bargaining, you've got to be, well, first of all, you've got to be definite and serious about what you're buying. But don't offer anything like the price that they're asking, the original price. You know, go in at about half the price of what they're asking you.

Interviewer That's fascinating. Thanks very much. Thank you.

Speaker 2 That's a great place.

Speaker 3

Interviewer So, how's your visit to Venice? Is it good?

Speaker 3 Oh, amazing. What a place. It's so unique!

Interviewer Have you done any shopping? Is it a good place to shopping?

Speaker 3 Yes, definitely. They're - you must go and see the glass factories on Murano. They're just something else. Quite expensive but you can get little bits of glass, really nice. Sheets of paper are really nice.

Interviewer Yeah.

Speaker 3 Also, lace is just... exquisite lace.

Interviewer Yes.

Speaker 3 Carnival masks, also. All hand-painted.

Interviewer Yes, Carnival, yes. I've seen this.

Speaker 3 Then, the shops are amazing.

Interviewer And where's the best place to shop in Venice?

Speaker 3 OK, well, the main shopping street is a street from St Mark's Square to the Academmia Bridge. That's the main bit But if you like food, you have to go to the market at the Rialto Bridge. That's just great food. There's not that many department stores.

Interviewer No.

Speaker 3 There's just not room for them on the island.

Interviewer No. And what time do these shops open and close? What are the opening hours9

Speaker 3 Oh, they open in the morning at about 9 or 9.30. And then they close for lunch 12.30 or 1. They'll reopen again - in the winter, 3.30 to 7.30 and in the summer just a bit later - 4 to 8, say.

Interviewer Right. And how do you pay? Can you use credit cards or do you have to use cash?

Speaker 3 Well, you know, just use cash for the smaller items and they accept credit cards most places for the larger ones, but just make sure you get a receipt. Interviewer Yeah. And are the shops open all week or is there one day when they ...?

Speaker 3 Yeah, oh, actually, Monday, they are traditionally closed.

Interviewer Yeah, they are closed. Right. Thanks. Well. Sounds very interesting.

Passage 2

Speaker 1 Have you ever gone down to the local supermarket for some milk or bread and come out with far more than you intended to buy? Then you've fallen for the top ten tricks to separate you from your money. Here are the top ten tricks to make you shop.

Speaker 2 Number ten. Trolley or basket? Make up your mind.

Speaker 1 If you choose a basket, there'll be some heavy goods by the entrance to make you choose a trolley. If you choose a trolley, there's a chance you'll want to fill it up. Make up your mind what you want to buy before you go into the store.

Speaker 2 Number nine. Watch out, there are vegetables about.

Speaker 1 Supermarkets often put vegetables and fruit near the entrance, so that you fill your trolley with natural, healthy produce and feel good. The problem is, then you don't feel so bad about filling your trolley with unhealthy and expensive items.

Speaker 2 Number eight. If you can't find it, just ask!

something, ask for help.

Speaker 2 Number seven. Take a shopping list and stick to it!

Speaker 1 Supermarkets often change shelves around, so that you're tempted to buy new products while you're looking for the things on your list. It's easier to resist temptation if you only put in your trolley what you planned to buy.

Speaker 2 Number six. Beware of the checkout!

Speaker 1 Supermarkets often place sweets and magazines at the checkout, because customers who are bored with waiting often add them to their basket or trolley.

Speaker 2 Number five. Smells good? Don't believe it!

Speaker 1 Many supermarkets pump the smell of freshly baked bread into the store through the air conditioning to make you feel hungry. If you eat before you go, you'll be less tempted to add cakes and snacks to your trolley.

Speaker 2 Number four. How free is FREE?

Speaker 1 "Buy one get one free" is a common way to make people think they're getting a bargain. But this kind of offer may not be as good as it sounds.

Sometimes it's a way of getting rid of old stock.

Speaker 2 Number three. Look up, look down.

Speaker 1 Eye level is buy level, so don't choose the first product you see, because it's usually the most expensive. Look for similar products higher up or lower down the shelves.

Speaker 2 Number two. Beware of loss leaders.

Speaker 1 Large supermarkets often reduce the price of key items, such as a popular brand of cereals or the latest films on DVD. They're designed to bring people into the shop, because they believe everything will be cheaper.

Speaker 2 And our number one top tip for supermarket shoppers. Stay at home and shop online.

Speaker 1 Many large supermarkets allow you to shop from the comfort of your own home, and will even deliver it to your door. If you shop online, you'll avoid all those expensive supermarket tricks. And even if there's a delivery charge, it will cost less than going to the supermarket and doing your shopping yourself.

Unit 7 Family affairs

Inside view

Conversation 1

Janet What time are your parents arriving?

Kate Eleven. Oh no, it's 10.30! I must clean up my room, it's a mess.

Janet Would you like me to give you a hand?

Kate Oh, yes, that would be great!

Janet So, what are they like, your parents?

Kate They're great. They're very different. Mum's pretty sociable - she's real funny. Dad isn't as sociable - he's kind of quiet - he reads a lot and he likes spending time alone. He's a let more chilled than Mum.

Janet They do sound quite different.

Kate Yes. Mum - she tends to worry a lot, whereas Dad's quite ... easygoing. He's good at listening, you can tell him anything. Um ...

could you put those over there?

Janet Sure. So who are you most like?

Kate You tell me!

Janet Hmm, you've got a bit of both of them, I think.

Kate Yes, I think so, too. I'm sociable, like Mum –

Janet You're very sociable!

Kate Yes, but I like to spend time alone.

Janet I don't think you worry a lot, do you?

Kate No, I'm like Dad in that way.

Kate Oh, look at the time, I must go. I'm meeting them outside the Lodge.

Conversation 2

Julia This is great. It's just like I pictured it. Look at that, isn't it beautiful?

Rob Wow, Kate, honey! I love your school! Kate No, Dad, I'm not at Law School, I'm at university!

Rob OK, honey. It's Oxford, England -I know!

Rob Listen, honey, Granddad had a fall just before we left.

Kate Oh, no!

Rob It's OK. He broke his arm but they don't think it's serious.

Julia I don't know, when old people break something, it can be very serious.

Rob I think he'll be fine!

Kate Tell me all about it. What exactly happened?

Rob He fell down the steps in the backyard.

Kate Oh, poor Granddad! So go on!

Rob He was taken to the hospital by ambulance ... they kept him there for several hours, didn't they, Julia? But they let him go home. Julia I feel awful that we can't be with him.

Rob Julia, I spoke to Granddad as soon as we landed and he said the doctors aren't worried.

Kate What else did he say?

Rob He said his arm doesn't hurt him.

Kate Oh, good! So he'll be OK, right? There's no real concern?

Rob No, I told you, honey, there's no need to worry. ... Just look at that! What a great place!

Kate Yes, isn't it wonderful?

Rob Come on, let's go and eat. Isn't there a pub nearby? I seem to remember passing one. I'd love to eat in an English pub.

Kate OK, let's do that.

Rob There's no need to worry, honey.

Outside view

Voice-over Welcome to Changing Lifestyles. Today we'll take a look at the changing role of fathers. In the 1950s and the 1960s,

and the early 70s, family life has been changing dramatically. Instead of accepting the rigid roles imposed by society, many couples have been deciding to change their work-life balance. More mothers have been pursuing careers, while at the same time fathers have been devoting more time to caring for children and doing household chores. This is David Noll. David is 33 years old, husband and father of two girls. David is a modern father. He and his wife both pursue careers and share in raising the children and doing housework.

Diane OK, well then are you going to go to the playground?

Children 1 Right. Right, Mama.

Diane Right. I love you.

Children 2 Bububa.

Diane Bye-bye.

Children 1 Bye.

Diane Bye-bye.

Voice-over David's father Bob Noll was also a loving father, but David's role as a father was different. During the early part of his career, Bob went to work every day while his wife Shirley stayed home. Bob worked for 38 years at Westinghouse as an electrical engineer. Bob worked on some of the first computers ever produced. Bob had always been an involved father. But in 1970 Shirley decided to go back to work. That was when Bob's role as a father changed.

Bob When Shirley went back to work, I had to change my, uh, role and start to do more cooking, um, driving the children here and there. When our children were growing up I took a lot of interest in them, what they were doing.

David I think in many ways I, I was probably better prepared for the changing roles that I've had to take on by, by my father.

Bob We did many things together and I tried to get them involved in other areas that they seemed to show interest in, such as theatre and magic.

David He did a great deal more than I think many fathers, I mean I, I can think of childhood friends whose fathers, you know, were running businesses who, who participated almost at, not, not at all in their, in their, in their development. Um, and I think I had, I think I had a role model.

Bob I remember David was interested in, he got very interested in magic and, and juggling, and he was an avid reader.

Voice-over As a young man, David loved magic. But he pursued a career as a biochemist. Before having children, David spent 40 hours per week studying cellular DNA in a research lab. And his wife Diane spent 40 hours a week working as a lawyer in Washington DC. After the girls were born, David and Diane both cut back on their hours in order to take care of their daughters.

As a research scientist, David's schedule was more flexible. So he took on more responsibility for the children's day-to-day care. David Well, I have been able, uh, to adjust my schedule so that I can be home at 5 o'clock, um, for the kids and if the children are sick, being able to come home, um, take them to the doctors. We go for a walk, we take the dogs up the street, go to the park, hang out at the park. And then we head back, uh, to the house and, and begin preparing dinner.

Voice-over Since Bob retired ten years ago, he has been enjoying his role as a grandfather. He's been travelling with his wife, Shirley, and he's been playing tennis. Meanwhile, David is just beginning his journey as a father in a new era.

David It can be difficult, especially when, you know, you're, you're taking on new roles for the first time. And it can be, it can be disconcerting and it can be more comfortable to take on those traditional roles. Um, I have, I think I have many more responsibilities than, than even most fathers do today, um, and certainly more, I, I think than when my father was, was raising his children. Um, but the, the difference is not the sort of classic role reversal. I'm, I'm not a stay-at-home Dad. We have an excellent babysitter who, that, who has allowed us, um, allowed both my wife and I the opportunities to continue pursuing our career. Voice-over While there are many differences in how David and Bob have raised their children, there are many important similarities. Listening in

Passage 1

Host There's a question that's been argued about for a long time. Which is more important, your family environment or your genes?

Well, a story has come up in the news about identical twins, separated at birth. They've just been reunited - and guess what - there are some amazing coincidences in their life stories.

Here's the story - two American girls called Tamara and Adriana were separated at birth and adopted by two different sets of parents. And this is where the coincidences begin. Both families ended up living 25 miles apart. Both girls decided to study psychology at universities that are only a mile apart from each other. Isn't that strange?

And this girl, who's a friend of both of them, insists they meet. Just before they meet, Adriana's mother tells her that she has a twin sister. Can you imagine how that must feel when you're 20 years old to learn you have a twin? And when the girls meet, it's like looking in a mirror - they're identical相同的! Now get this! Both Tamara and Adriana's adoptive fathers died when the girls were children. Both girls fell through glass doors at the age of five - that's hard to believe, isn't it? Their boyfriends look alike and have similar names - Alex and Adam. And this is the best part - both of them have the same recurring （再发的，循环的recur 重现）dream. Isn't that incredible - they have the same dream!

I think it's an amazing story. So, for all those of you out there who have comments, and I'm sure you do, the lines are open. OK,

we've got Josh on the line. Hi Josh!

Josh Hi.

Host So, what do you make of this story?

Josh It's a great story but it doesn't surprise me at all. I'm an identical twin.

Host You are?

Josh Yeah, my brother's called Toby, and we're 22, and we're going out with two sisters ... and we're having a double wedding next June.

Host Congratulations! So-what do you think-is it our genes that decide who we are? These kind of stories seem to suggest it.

Josh Well, I'm not a scientist, but I think so.

Host Research tells us that it's about fifty-fifty.

Josh I, I disagree.

Host Thanks Josh. OK, our next caller is ...

Passage 2

Voice-over Kidney transplants are of two kinds -transplants from dead people and living transplants, transplants from people who are alive. Mostly the donor, the person who gives the kidney, is a relative - a parent, brother or sister. We all recognize that it's one of the most selfless things a person can do, to give a kidney to someone, but as the operation becomes safer and safer, more and more people are doing it. We talked to two sisters who have had the experience -Henrietta Longmore, a journalist aged 40, married with one son, and her sister, Teresa Parker, aged 38, married with two children. They come from a family with four children. Here's their story.

Teresa Henrietta and I were close as children. She was the big sister and she was -just like a mother to us younger kids. Our parents were both doctors and our mum was very busy.

We were close right through our teenage years. And then we shared a flat and had a lot of the same friends. It was great. Henrietta Yes, we've always been close. I felt very protective of my brother and sisters because, like Teresa says, our parents were always so busy. But I also felt a bit jealous of Teresa - she was my dad's favourite -but it didn't affect our relationship.

Teresa Henrietta got kidney failure five years ago, but for several years she was fine and seemed quite healthy.

Henrietta Yes, I never thought of asking my family for a kidney. The hospital was brilliant and I really did feel fine, most of the time.

Part 2

Teresa But then a year ago she became very ill and almost died. I was terrified. I knew if she died, I'd blame myself. You know, why

I hadn't done more to help her. So I decided to find out more about giving her a kidney.

Henrietta Yes, I did almost die. It was awful. I, I was never going to ask Teresa for a kidney but I kind of knew that she would offer.

To be honest, I felt I would have done the same.

Teresa Yes. At first I was a bit scared. But we went for a three-hour talk at the hospital and it was very reassuring. My whole family came. And they felt OK about it too, which was very important.

Henrietta People don't know that you only need ten per cent of one kidney to be completely healthy, and kidney donors often live longer than other people.

Teresa Yes, you have to be very healthy to give a kidney. The hospital makes sure of that. Anyway, after the operation I got better very fast - probably because you know you've done something worthwhile and it does make you feel very good.

Henrietta I can't describe how grateful I feel to Teresa. It's such an amazing thing to do. What can I say? Her courage was, was extraordinary. She just didn't seem afraid at all.

Teresa You do get a lot of praise for doing something like this. I'd like to do something that no one knows about.

Unit 8 Arrivals and departures

Inside view

Conversation 1

Assistant Hi, how can I help you?

Mark I'd like to book a flight and make a hotel reservation.

Assistant Going to...?

Mark To New York, please.

Assistant Is that a one-way or a return?

Mark A return, please. Out on the 17th of June and coming back on the 10th of September.

Assistant OK, and I guess you want economy not club?

Mark Yes, economy, please. Could I have an aisle seat, not a window seat?

Assistant I'm afraid you'll have to do that at the airport. What about accommodation?

Mark Well, most of the time I'm working in upstate New York, but I need a cheap hotel in New York City and one in Boston for a few nights.

Assistant How many nights will you be staying?

Mark Three nights in Boston and two nights in New York. The 12th to the 15th of August in Boston, leaving on the 15th, so three nights in Boston. Then the 15th to the 17th in New York, leaving on the 17th. So two nights in New York.

Assistant OK, I can check that out for you. Single or double room?

Mark Single. With a shower, please.

Assistant I can get you rooms in budget hotels and motels for around 75 dollars a night.

Mark Does the price include breakfast?

Assistant Let me see. Yes, I can do that for you.

Mark What time is check-out?

Assistant Usually midday ... Do you have a student card? You'll need it for the cheap flights and the accommodation. Oh, and any travelling within the US? We can get you seats on Greyhound buses, if you want.

Mark Actually, that would be great. Can you get me a seat from New York to Boston, travelling on the 12th of August? And then one from New York to Chicago on the 17th? After Chicago I'm going to DC and then back to New York, but I'll get those tickets when I'm in the States.

Assistant No problem, just give me a few minutes ...

Conversation 2

Kate Have you made plans for the summer vacation yet?

Mark Yes, I'm travelling around the States for three months.

Janet Three months! Wow, you're lucky! Whereabouts are you going?

Mark Well, I'm flying to New York City, and then I'm working for eight weeks as a counselor on a summer camp in upstate New York. And then I'm travelling around for about four weeks, back in time for the start of term.

Kate Where are you staying?

Mark On the campsite in the mountains. It's about an hour away from New York City by bus.

mountains.

Janet That sounds amazing! And after that, what are your plans?

Mark I'll catch the Greyhound bus to Boston, and relax in a hotel for three days.

Kate The museums in Boston are great! You absolutely must visit them.

Mark OK, I'll do that. Then I go back to New York for two days, to watch a baseball game.

Kate The New York Yankees? That's my team!

Mark Then I'm flying to Chicago for six days, to stay with some friends.

Kate And will you fly home from Chicago?

Mark No, then I'll go to DC for six days to do some sightseeing. And then I'll be back a few days before the beginning of term. Janet It sounds like a dream vacation.

Outside view

Speaker 1 Let's take a trip to Australia.

Speaker 2 That sounds like fun, but I won't be able to come. I'm too busy. You can go if you promise to tell me all about it. Speaker 1 OK.

Speaker 2 Oh, and get me some photos of kangaroos and koalas. I'd love to see them.

Voice-over So here I am in Australia. How about a few facts to start with? Australia is the largest "island" in the world. There are over 27,000 kilometres of coastline. It's the world's smallest continent, but the sixth largest country. Its population is only 20 million, so there's a lot of space. This is Perth on the west coast. It's famous for its black swans. If you come here, you'll definitely want to go sailing. This is Uluru, or Ayers Rock. This amazing rock formation is in the traditional lands of the original inhabitants of Australia -the Aborigines. Their rock paintings have been preserved here for centuries. If you want sun, sea and sand, Queensland is the place to be. This is where you can find the famous Great Barrier Reef. It's the world's largest natural feature and is 2,300 kilometres long. Sydney is Australia's biggest city with over four million people -nearly a quarter of the entire population. The Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge are famous landmarks. If you like surfing, you'll have to visit the world-famous Bondi Beach. The smallest state is the Australian Capital Territory around the city of Canberra, which is the capital of Australia. And finally, this is Melbourne -a lively city in the southeast. I did promise pictures of koalas and kangaroos.

Are these OK?

Listening in

Passage 1

Part 1

Matt So how was your visit to the USA? How did you get on?

Caroline Well, it was great. A bit difficult at the start, but it got better.

Matt So what happened?

Caroline Well, I started my trip in New York, but the trouble was I forgot to ring my friend Dave before I left London and ask him to meet me. Then, just as the plane was landing at New York airport, this French businessman sitting next to me called Serge, gave me a warning, "You shouldn’t arrive in New York alone." This made me a bit worried, but I was going to call Dave as soon as I arrived, so I hoped I'd be OK. But when we got off the plane, I was feeling a bit nervous. As soon as I walked out into the arrivals hall this crowd of people surrounded me. And when Serge disappeared, I did feel lonely and rather foolish.

Matt I can see why.

Caroline And when I saw a smiling group of new arrivals, you know, tourists from England, I wanted to join them. Just as I was starting to panic, someone tapped me on the shoulder. It was Serge. I was so relieved.

Matt Thank heavens for strange men!

Caroline Exactly! But when I called Dave from Serge's office, he was out. It was late by now so I had to find a hotel. Serge told his driver to take me to a hotel in the Bronx. As soon as I got out of the car, two policemen in a police car stopped me and asked what I was doing in the district as it was dangerous at night. And at the reception desk, when I explained that I was on my own, they didn't want to give me a room.

Matt So what did you do?

Caroline Well, I had to wait at reception until the school in Albany, where I was going to work, sent an email. When the hotel knew what I was doing in the States, I got a room.

Part 2

Caroline Well, in the end I got in touch with Dave and spent the next few nights with his family. But it was cold, and a freezing cold wind was blowing all the time.

Matt But it all went better for you after that?

Caroline Well, yes, until one morning I decided to go for a walk. I was really enjoying the fresh air, when I realized that I was lost.

Then I found a street, which looked like the one the fiat was on ... but then I found another one, and another one.

Matt Oh no! You must have been very frightened!

Caroline Well, I was. I couldn't remember the address of the flat. It was freezing cold, minus 12 degrees. I was standing by the side of the road, praying that Dave would . send out a search party when suddenly a car stopped, and the driver said, "Taxi?" I was so relieved. Within a couple of minutes I was drinking tea with Dave and the driver back home. His name was Kevin and he was on his way to work. He wasn't a taxi driver at all.

Matt Was he a friend of Dave's?

Caroline No, just someone who was going to work when he saw someone looking lost, I think. They can be very friendly, the Americans.

Part3

Caroline I then took the train to Albany. No one was waiting for me at the station, although the school where I was working was going to send someone. I later learnt that the person didn't recognize me because I was wearing a thick coat and a warm hat. So I took a taxi to the school, where I met one of the other teachers, Rebecca. She invited me to stay with her. She lived in a fiat near

corner. By the end of the first week, he greeted me and had a hot dog and coffee ready for me. Ah, it was an amazing experience. Passage 2

There was this man, and he's riding his bike along the road, heading towards the border between Mexico and the United States. So he comes up to the border, and this guard stops him. And he points to two sacks the man has on his shoulders.

"What's in the bags?" says the guard.

"Sand," says the man on the bike.

So the guard says, "Sand? Get them off your shoulders. We'll take a look."

So the man on the bike did as he was told, emptied the sacks, and poured the sand on the ground.

"Sure enough, it's nothing but sand," says the guard, and the man on the bike loads the sand back into the sacks, puts them on his shoulders and goes across the border.

Anyway, two weeks later, the man on the bike turns up at the border again, on his bike with two sacks on his shoulders.

So the guard says, "What's in the sacks?" The man takes them off his shoulders, pours the sand onto the ground, puts the sand back in the sacks, puts the sacks on his shoulders, gets back on his bike and goes across the border.

This goes on every week for six months, man on the bike, guard at the border, sacks on the man's shoulders, sand on the ground, sand back in the sacks, man across the border ... until one day the man on the bike with the sand bags doesn't turn up.

A few days later, the guard happens to meet the man on the bike downtown. "Say friend, you sure made us crazy," says the guard. "We knew you were smuggling something across the border. I won't say a word - but what is it you were smuggling?"

The man on the bike says, "Bicycles!"

Passage 3

Speaker 1 I don't know if I've told you, but apparently this is a true story. There's this small airline somewhere in New Zealand, I think, and it uses planes that carry about seven or eight passengers. So you sit just behind the pilot and get a really good view. Speaker 2 Yeah, I get the picture.

Speaker 1 Anyway, the passengers are told to board the plane, and they climb in, you know, not much room. And they sit there waiting. A few minutes later the last passenger, a really cool-looking guy, turns up and takes his seat, and they all wait for the pilot to arrive and take off. And they wait. And they wait some more. And they're still waiting, not long, you know, a few minutes, but just enough to make them wonder where the pilot is. Then the cool-looking guy at the back starts looking at his watch, and saying, "Well, where's the pilot? We're going to be late." And they wait a bit longer, and the guy says, "I've got some people to meet, and I don't want to miss my appointment." And they wait some more, and the pilot still doesn't turn up. So this guy says, "Right, I'm not going to wait any longer, if we don't have a pilot, I'm going to take off and fly this plane myself. Speaker 2 What?

Speaker 1 Exactly, and everyone is going ... duh? What's happening? And this guy gets into the pilot seat, turns on the engine, starts heading for the runway ... and takes off.

Speaker 2 I don't believe it!

Speaker 1 Yeah, well nor did the passengers. But the funny thing is ...

Speaker 2 What?

Speaker 1 Apparently, the cool-looking guy really is the pilot. He plays the same trick on passengers fairly often because he gets bored with doing the same flight every day.

Unit 9 Body and mind

Inside view

Conversation 1

Kate Oh, Janet, you don't look too good. What's the matter?

Janet Oh, I'm OK. I am not sleeping very well at the moment, so I'm quite tired. I fell asleep in the lecture just now.

Kate Is anything wrong?

Janet Oh, I don't know. Maybe I'm worried about my end of term exams. And I've got an essay to write.

Kate Are you eating properly? I didn't see you at dinner last night.

Janet No, I've lost my appetite. I can't face any more Western food for a few days.

Kate I think you've lost some weight. Do you feel sick?

Janet Mostly homesick.

Kate Have you talked to your tutor?

Janet No! Why would I do that?

Kate Well, it's part of his job to keep an eye on your health. Why don't you make an appointment to see the doctor?

Janet But I'm all right.

Kate Do you have any other symptoms? Do you have a headache?

Janet Well, I have a headache nearly all the time at the moment. And I feel a bit depressed. But it's nothing. I'll be all right. Please!

Don't worry about me.

Kate You poor thing! Why don't you make an appointment to see the doctor. She'll give you a check-up, take your temperature and blood pressure, all the usual tests.

Janet Oh, I don't want to make a fuss. It's nothing.

Kate You're not making a fuss. I am! And I'm coming with you.

Conversation 2

Doctor What seems to be the problem?

Janet Well...

Kate She hasn't been eating or sleeping properly. She fell asleep in the lecture this morning.

Doctor Hmm, and what did the lecturer think of that?

Janet It's fine. I've got some really nice friends.

Doctor Have you got a boyfriend?

Janet No. I don't think my parents would like me to have one while I'm at university.

Doctor And are you eating properly?

Janet Yes, I think so.

Kate She says she's a bit fed up with Western food.

Doctor OK, so you'd like some home comfort... what's your favourite food?

Janet Fried rice!

Doctor Not much fried rice for dinner in college, is there? Um, any worries about your work?

Janet No. Maybe. Yes, I suppose so.

Doctor Do you have an essay crisis?

Janet Yes! I haven't finished all the reading. I don't read as quickly as my friends, so it takes me a long time to write my essays. Doctor OK, Janet. I want you to try and take a few days off. I'll have a word with your tutor and see if he can wait for your essay. Janet OK.

Doctor If you're run down or depressed, you're more likely to catch a cold. Can you come back and see me next week? In the meantime, I suggest you try taking some ...

Outside view

Customer 1 Hi, can I get, um, a HULK please.

Customer 2 Can I have a HULK?

Customer 3 I'd like to try the HULK.

Voice-over Welcome to the bodyfactory, one of the hottest spots in Los Angeles.

Customer 4 The service is great.

Customer 5 I come to the bodyfactory quite often.

Voice-over Company founder, CEO, and president, Robert Green, has made a career for himself by following his passion: health and fitness. Trained as a dancer, Robert has been an exercise instructor, a TV show host, and a successful entrepreneur. Robert has built the bodyfactory around the HULK. The HULK is a smoothie, but it's not like any other smoothie you've ever tried.

Robert We have over 30 smoothies, but what seems to be the most popular smoothie is the HULK. It's absolutely amazing. We beg and we plead people to try other drinks, but the HULK is really where it's at. The HULK smoothie was created by me about 12 years ago and what's so amazing is there's nothing out there for the average consumer that contains all your green vegetables, that tastes really, really good and that actually has the nutritional breakdown that your body needs on a daily basis. So some of these ingredients include broccoli, spinach, cayenne pepper, celery, tomatoes, onions, brown rice, seaweed, sage, thyme, sea salt. With so many ingredients, people might expect it to taste not so good, but this drink is absolutely the best drink you'll ever have. Customer 6 I love the HULK. I drink it every day.

Customer 4 I hate swallowing pills, so I get all of my vitamins in the HULK.

Customer 7 It gets me through my day.

Robert People actually develop a craving for this, an actual addiction, in a good way, for this positive food. So someone who's never worked out in their life, someone who's never eaten healthy in their life, could drink the shake and actually love drinking the shake, develop a craving for this good, quality shake. It actually makes them want to continue this new lifestyle that they have. Listening in

Passage 1

In 1812 a young man called James Barry finished his studies in medicine at Edinburgh University. After graduating he moved to London where he studied surgery at Guy's Hospital. After that, the popular young doctor joined the army and over the next 40 years had a brilliant career as an army medical officer, working in many far off countries and fighting successfully for improved conditions in hospitals. It was a remarkable career - made even more remarkable by the discovery upon his death that James Barry had kept an extraordinary secret.

Barry was a pleasant and good-humoured person with high cheek bones, red hair, a long nose and large eyes. He was well-liked by his patients and had a reputation for great speed at surgery — an important quality at a time when operations were performed without anaesthetic. He was also quick-tempered. When he was working in army hospitals and prisons overseas, the terrible conditions often made him very angry. He fought hard against injustice and cruelty and his temper sometimes got him into trouble with the authorities. After a long career overseas he returned to London where he died in 1865.

So was this the end of the story? Not quite. When they were preparing his body for his funeral, they discovered James Barry's secret. HE was in fact a SHE. James Barry was a woman.

No one was more surprised at this discovery than her many friends and colleagues. It was true that throughout her life people had remarked on her small size, slight build and smooth pale face. One officer had even objected to her appointment as a medical assistant because he couldn't believe that Barry was old enough to have graduated in medicine. But no one seriously suggested that Barry was anything other than a man.

So why did James Barry deceive people for so long? At that time, a woman couldn't study medicine, work as a doctor or join the army. Perhaps Barry had always wanted to do these things and pretending to be a man was the only way to make it possible. Perhaps she was going to tell the truth one day, but didn't because she was enjoying her life as a man too much. By the time it was discovered that she was the first woman in Britain to have qualified as a doctor, it was too late for the authorities to do anything about it. Passage 2

Speaker 1

Interviewer Tell me about medical care in Britain. What happens when you need to go to the doctor?

Speaker 1 Well, first of all, you need to register with your local doctor. And, then of course, if you need to see him or her, you have to phone in and make an appointment which can be two or three days later. But, of course, if you have an accident and it's more urgent, you go to a department called the Accident and Emergency Department, which is usually in a hospital. And, if it's really urgent, someone will call a number, which is 999 here in Britain and you, er, get an ambulance.

take the prescription to the chemist's and the chemist then gives you your medicine. The medicine isn't actually at the doctor's surgery.

Interviewer Right. Right. What happens about paying for medical care? How do you pay for medical treatment?

Speaker 1 Ah, yea. You don't pay the doctor. The payment is covered by taxes or medical agreements between the UK and your country. But you pay a fixed charge for the medicine.

Interviewer Right.

Speaker 1 That you're prescribed.

Interviewer I see, yes. And what happens if... you know, I hope it never happens. What happens if you, you stay in hospital? Speaker 1 Well, if you are seriously ill, you will stay in hospital and your family and friends can visit and come and see how you are but they don't usually stay actually overnight with you. And they don't need to bring you food or anything. Or look after you. I mean everything is done for you in the hospital, really.

Interviewer I see. I see.

Speaker 2

Interviewer Tell me about medical care in the States. What do you do when you need to go to a doctor?

Speaker 2 OK, well, when you arrive, you choose your doctor. And, it doesn't have to be you know, exactly where you're staying -just anywhere that is convenient for you.

Interviewer Uh-huh. And do you get these tests and treatment at the doctor's surgery?

Speaker 2 You do indeed. The doctor will do a lot of tests on you. It's very high-tech care. They have to consider every possibility that could occur with any illness.

Interviewer I see. Yeah.

Speaker 2 On the other hand, if it's an emergency, if you have an accident, you call 911 and an ambulance will come and take you to your nearest hospital.

Interviewer And what about getting medicine? Do you get the medicine at the doctor's or ...?

Speaker 2 Yeah, you do. The doctor writes all the prescriptions for you and then you take it to the pharmacy to pick it up. And you will pay the full price for every bit of medicine that you get...

Interviewer I see. So, it's quite expensive.

Speaker 2 Yes, it certainly is.

Interviewer I mean, how do you pay for it?

Speaker 2 Well, that is a problem for some people. I mean, we do not have a national health plan here in the USA. So, you really do have to have medical insurance. You see, you know, you can be refused admission to a hospital if you don't have insurance. It's an absolute nightmare. And then you have to pay for absolutely everything. You pay for your x-rays, for your medicine, for your tests; you know for the care, for everything. And, of course, well you do get it back from your insurance company.

Interviewer If you pay an insurance premium ...

Speaker 2 Well, that is the thing. You absolutely -it's compulsory - you have to have it.

Interviewer Right. And what about staying in hospital? What are American hospitals like?

Speaker 2 Well, they're very good. They're very quiet and calm. Sick people need to rest and they do not encourage large groups of people. They keep visiting hours very short.

Interviewer I see. OK. Thank you.

Speaker 2 You're welcome.

Unit 10 Environmental matters

Inside view

Conversation 1

Janet Hi!

Mark Hi!

Kate How are you?

Mark I'm OK, thanks. How're you guys?

Kate Good.

Mark Good ... Oh, that traffic! It's getting worse and worse!

Kate Tell me about it, it's awful! Don't you worry about your health when you're cycling? All that pollution! Like, what are we breathing in? They really should do something about it!

Mark I think they intend to - or at least they keep talking about it.

Janet Shall we go inside?

Mark Yea.

Mark You know, it sounds crazy, but it might be an idea to ban cars from the centre of the city. I nearly got hit by a crazy driver earlier.

Kate Are you OK?

Mark Yes, I'm fine.

Janet Would they really do that - ban cars?

Mark It's possible. It'd sort out the traffic problems. And it would reduce pollution.

Janet I don't think that would be very popular with drivers.

Mark But it would be safer for cyclists.

Kate Supposing they introduced a congestion charge?

Mark Like in London?

Janet Do you think it would stop people driving into Oxford?

Mark It'd stop some people.

Kate They could always extend the Park and Ride scheme.

Janet It's a good idea.

Kate You are? Good for you!

Mark Yes, I'm just concerned about the environment. I've decided to get more active, believe it or not.

Janet I guess we all should.

Kate I know, you're right... Excuse me ...

Conversation 2

Janet By the way, Mark, how did your meeting go?

Mark Quite interesting, actually.

Janet So what did they talk about?

Mark Uh, recycling, mostly. They have this plan ... that everyone should write to the Council. Ask them to collect more rubbish.

You know, like, all the plastic, which they don't do. I'm going to write a letter this evening.

Janet Really? You know, I think I might go to the next meeting. I've been meaning to do something ... get more active about the environment.

Mark Yes, we all need to. Global warming, ice caps melting, pollution. Doesn't it worry you?

Janet Yes, it's really frightening.

Mark Hey, it would be great if you came to the meeting, Janet. The Action Group really wants to make students more aware of what they can do to help.

Janet You know, I think everyone knows what they should do. But they don't do it -I don't do it.

Mark I'm the same. Actually, there's something we could do right now.

Janet What?

Mark There's this poster they want to put up all over the university. It tells you easy ways of saving energy. I'm looking at it, here, look ...

Janet "Use less hot water ..."

Mark They've asked us to print it out and put it up in college. You want to help me?

Janet Sure! It might be an idea to ask Kate to help.

Mark Yes, let's ask her. But why don't we print it out — right now?

Janet Sure.

Outside view

The weather is a very popular topic of conversation in Britain. That's because the weather changes a lot.

Sixty-five per cent of all the days in Britain are overcast - dull, grey and often cold. That's 260 dull days. What do people find to talk about? When the weather is good, people complain that it's too hot. When it rains, they say it's too wet. When it isn't sunny, they say it's too cold. The seasons in Britain are fairly clear. Winter lasts from December to February. It's cold and wet but doesn't often snow. Spring is from March to May. It starts to get a bit warmer and there are more sunny days. The summer months are June, July and August, when it can be very hot. Then the autumn - September, October, November - often has foggy, cold, wet days, and the leaves fall from the trees. It's not surprising that Britain has got one of the most important weather centres in the world. The Met Office employs over 1,000 years. They provide weather forecasts for radio, television and newspapers - and on the Internet. Two huge supercomputers analyze information from many sources, including satellites. This is very different from some of the early weather forecasts. These instruments were used for the earliest weather forecasts. This is the first one - published in The Times in 1879. Scientists at the Met Office make weather forecasts for the public and for special purposes - military, shipping, airlines and many others. The Met Office also looks at environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. The computers can predict the tropical storms and hurricanes that cause so much damage around the world. The trouble is, weather changes very quickly so nobody ever believes the weather forecast. They still go out in their shorts and get wet! But at least it's something to talk about. Listening in

Passage 1

Bridget These days everyone is talking about building houses that are eco-friendly - houses that use energy as efficiently as possible.

But although there's a lot of talk about eco-houses, not many people have actually built one. Today we talk to a young couple who have done exactly that. Jacky and Lenny Carter are in their 30s with one child, and their house in west Wales is a splendid example of what an eco-house should be. I'm here now at their house and they're going to show me round it.

Jacky Hi, Bridget.

Lenny Welcome.

Bridget It's great to see you. It's quite cold out here.

Lenny Yes, do you want to come in?

Bridget I'd love to, but can we look at the outside of the house first?

Lenny Sure.

Bridget It's very attractive. It's built of timber and it's two storeys high.

Jacky Yes, we got the timber from Sweden, where they know how to build wooden houses, but it's reclaimed wood, wood that's been used before.

Bridget I like the house a lot. So tell me more about it. When did you first start thinking about building an eco-house?

Lenny We thought about it for years. It was our dream, really, wasn't it, Jacky?

Jacky Yes, when we met we found that we both wanted to do the same thing - build a house that used as little energy as possible. Bridget So how did you do it?

Lenny Well, we bought a very old cottage and we knocked it down. That was the first step.

Jacky We found an architect who had some experience with eco-houses and we spent about eight months designing the house. We used local builders and as much as possible, local materials.

Bridget And those are solar panels on the roof, aren't they?

Lenny Yes. They provide hot water in summer and warm water in winter for the underfloor heating.

Bridget Underfloor heating? Can we go inside and take a look?

Lenny Sure.

新标准大学英语视听说教程听力原文Unit+

新标准大学英语视听说 教程听力原文U n i t+ Document number【AA80KGB-AA98YT-AAT8CB-2A6UT-A18GG】

Unit 1-Conversation 1**（1）Janet: So this is the Cherwell Boathouse — it's lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy. Mark: I'm not so sure about that! Janet, there's something Kate and I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We've decided to get involved. Janet: Raising money for charity Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don't usually do that. Mark: Students often do that here. Anyway, we're thinking of doing sponsored punting. Janet: Sponsored punting! What's that Kate: Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something — like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt. Janet: What a great idea! I'd love to join you! Mark: That's why we're telling you about it. So that's decided then. Let's make a list of things we need to do. Kate: I'll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity. Mark: Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I've got one here. Kate: That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that Mark: I'll do that. What have we got so far Kate: Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form... Um ...

(完整版)新视野大学英语视听说4答案(第二版)

UNIT TEST 3 ACCDD 1.at 2.section 3.connects 4.bottom 5.shining 6.As 7.cross 8.Ten minutes later, as we were looking out the window, we saw everyone was running away from something 9. A huge flood was streaming down the mountain. We were standing on a higher place, so we could see everything 10.It was reported that the flood destroyed a big area and approximately 300 people were killed or disappeared that day ABBDC BDACC DABDA Unit 4 Lead in c d a e h f i g b Basic listening CBABD Listening in Task l CBDAA Task 2 Relationships marketing manager in conflict with expenses ended in vain training administrator visited establish closer relationships long-term picked up Task 3 CDDCA Let's talk

新标准大学英语视听说教程 听力原文 Unit new

Unit 4-Conversation 1 Kate: So, what did you think of the movie? Mark: It was good but I thought it was too long. Kate: Yes, me too. Kate: Hey, where's my bike? I don't believe it! It's gone! Mark: It was next to mine, you chained it up! Kate: Someone's stolen it! Oh, how could they! Mark: Oh, Kate! Kate: How could someone have done this! The creep! Mark: It's a really mean thing to do, steal a bike. Kate: It was a mountain bike and it cost a fortune —I don't have the money to buy another one. Mark: Listen, I'll go down the street and see if I can see anyone with it. Why don't you go into that shop and see if they've seen anything suspicious? I'll be back in a minute. Kate: OK. Kate: Well? Ma rk: No luck. What did they say in the shop? Kate: I asked the shopkeeper if she'd seen anything — Mark: And? Kate: She said she hadn't. I guess it was a long shot. She advised me to report it to the police. But according to her, bikes get stolen all the time around here.

新标准大学英语视听说教程听力原文

Unit 6-Conversation 1 Janet: What are you reading, Kate Kate:Alice in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. Do you know it Janet: I've heard of it, yes, but I've never read it. It's a 19th century children's story, isn't it K a te: That's right. It's very famous. It's set in Oxford. It starts with this young girl sitting on a river bank. The interesting thing is, the author, Lewis Carroll, he was an Oxford professor and he used to have tea with the girl's family on this river bank. Ja net: Oh, that's fascinating! I'll put it into my diary. Kate: Is that what you're writing I know you've been keeping a diary all the year. Janet: It's been a great year. I've had such a good time — so lucky to have Mark and Kate as friends. Feel I've been doing well with work. Much happier about asking questions in tutorials. Janet: My screen's gone dark. Mark: You're using the battery, remember. It's run out, obviously. Janet: It can't be the battery. It's still charged. Oh no it's still black. Oh dear, I hope it's nothing serious. I haven't backed anything up recently. Kate: That's not like you, Janet. Janet:I know, but I lost my memory stick. I really should have backed things up. How stupid of me not to do that! Supposing I've lost everything! Mark: Let me take a look. The power is still on. And also the operating system still seems to be working ... I think it has to be the graphics card ... But maybe that's not the problem ... Janet: If only I'd backed things up! Kate: Relax, Janet! We'll take it to the computer shop this afternoon. I'm sure it'll be OK. Janet: I hope so. Unit 6-Conversation 2 Janet: Tell me about Alice in Wonderland. Kate: I tell you what, I'll read it to you. Kate: Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank and having nothing to do: Once or twice, she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, "and what is the use of a book," thought Alice, "without pictures or conversation" So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid) ... Janet: Kate, Mark, where are you going You've got my laptop! Kate: It's all right, Janet, we're taking it to the computer shop. We'll be back soon. Mark: It's not like Janet to forget to back up her work. Kate: She should have been more careful. Janet: It was stupid of me, I know! Stupid, stupid! Janet: Oh! It was a dream! What a relief! Kate: You were talking in your sleep. Janet: What was I saying Kate: "Stupid, stupid." M ark: I've sorted out your computer. Janet: Have you Oh, thank goodness! What was the problem Mark:It was the graphics card, as I predicted ... Janet: Is that what it was! I'm so relieved! Thanks, Mark. Kate: He's great, isn't he Janet: Yes. So are you, Kate. Kate: You're such a good friend. Unit 6-Outside view Computers are a very important part of our lives. They tell us about delays to transport. They drive trains, analyze evidence and control buildings. Did you know that 60 per cent of homes in Britain have got a PC (a personal computer) For many young people, playing computer games is their favorite way of spending spare time. Computers are a very important part of most areas of life in Britain-libraries, the police and in school. But they are becoming more important in our homes as well. They’ll even control the way we live-in “smart homes” or computer-controlled houses. The smart home is now a real possibility. It will become very common. A central computer will adjust the temperature, act as a burglar alarm and switch on lights, ready for you to come back home. And of course you will be able to give new instructions to the computer from your mobile phone. So if your plans change, your home will react to match. Many homes have got lots of televisions and several computers. The smart home will provide TV and Internet sockets in every room, so you’ll be able to do what you want whenever you want. If the temperature outside changes, the smart home will adjust the temperature levels inside. The computer will also close the blinds when it gets dark or to stop so much sun from entering a room. And if you want to eat when you get home, the computer will turn the oven on for you! Are computers taking over our lives In a survey, 44 per cent of young people between 11 and 16 said their PC was a trusted friend. Twenty per cent said they were happier at their computer than spending time with family or friends. Another survey found that people in Britain spend so much time on the phone, texting and reading emails that they no longer have time for conversation. What do you think about that Unit 6-Listening in

第三版新视野大学英语视听说

第三版新视野大学英语 视听说 Coca-cola standardization office【ZZ5AB-ZZSYT-ZZ2C-ZZ682T-ZZT18】

unite 1 Sharing T2 daredevil bungee jumping cup of tea feel good achievement T3 C-D-E-B-A T4 1 2 4 T5 B C B C B T6 started off a huge business teacher taught me so much about life imprisoned survived inpressed ability or the skills Listening T2-1 1,2,3,4,5,6,9,10,11 Viewing T2-1 3 T2-2 e g c b f a d T2-3 90 minutes true landmark 10 times focus make this challenge seven miles four months outstanding achievement

Shot conversation B C A D C Long conversation B A A C Passage1 D C A B Passage2 believe in circumstances searching for a strong sense of responsibility insecurity integrity accomplishing are longing for priorities unite test part1 B C A D C part2 D A B C C part3 B C A A D part4 opening struggled progress remaining emerged continued enlarge crawling get through as strong as unite 2 Sharing T2 mood sun smile feeling T3 b-e-a-d-c T4 3 5

新标准大学英语视听说答案

New Standard English Book 4 Unit 1 Inside view Conversation 1 2. Janet : go back to China,do my master’s (which means going back to university),live in London,become a teacher,work in publishing,apply for a job at London Time Off,update my CV and look for jobs together. Andy: leave London,go to China,look for jobs together. 3. the true statements are 2 and 8. Conversation 2 5. 1.Joe was a gofer before he became a researcher for Lift Off UK. 2.Andy wants Joe’s job as a producer. 6. 1(d) 2(d) 3(a) 4(c) 7. 1 It’s not always very easy working with 2.How did he end up in London 3.the least experienced person 4.He’s good at his job 5.He’s confident and very competent 6.I get on with him quite well Everyday English 8. 1(b) 2(b) 3(a) 4(a) 5(b) Outside view 2. the true statements Samantha agrees with are:1,2,3 and 4. 4. 1.She needs to improve her interview techniques to help her to get a job 2.She doesn’t know how to answer the questions and give answers that might lead her failure in a job interview. 3.She doesn’t understand what the interviewer is actually looking for. 4.That you need to be well prepared for an interview. It boils down to preparation,presentation and understanding what the interviewer is looking for. 5. 1.professional job coach 2.research on the position and the company 3.having not practised with some of the questions 4.how you present yourself 5.what the interviewer is actually looking for 6.preparation,presentation and understanding 7.in relationship to the job 8.some examples in your life 9.dealing with problems 7. the pieces of advice the speakers give are:1,3,5,7,8,9,10 and 11. Listening in Passage 1

新世纪视听说教程2答案听力原文

Directions: In this section, you will hear several conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. A: How are you getting along, Julie B: After the vacation Much refreshed. A．It is interesting. B．It is tiring. C．It is exciting. D．It is refreshing. A: Why are you so cheerful while I'm so stressed all day B: Well, you should work off your stress. A．work not so hard B．work on easier problems C．eat healthy D．get rid of her stress I see you laughing all the time. B: Oh Eric. I'm ... reading a comic book. A: Comic book I didn't know you are interested in it. B: Well, it's a recent interest. When I was low in spirit three months ago, a friend gave me a comic book to read. And I became instantly addicted to such books. You know ... the pictures are so funny ... now I feel much better. A: I didn't know that. No wonder you are always in good spirits these days. B: Yes, and maybe you should read them, too, Eric. A: I ... I don't know. I'm just too busy with my thesis. It's for my master's degree and time is running out ... Ah, pretty much stress on me. B: Now you see Eric That's why you need to give yourself a break to read something amusing. It helps, I promise. A: Really Can reading comic books reduce your stress B: Of course. I'm a living example. Actually I'm having stress too ... you know, the tests, the job, things like that. But when reading the fun stuff, I just forgot all my worries. Later I find myself more powerful to deal with the issues in my life. A: That sounds magical. I'd like to try. Er ... what are you reading now B: Garfields, the cat. It's good. There's another one and you can borrow it. A: Oh, thank you, Penny. You're very helpful. Questions 3 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard. months ago, a friend gave Penny _____ when she was in low spirits. （岭师分享群4发布） A．a flower B．a comic book C．a comic DVD

新标准大学英语视听说教程3答案

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Unit 1 Starting out Outside view Julie My name's Julie Dearden, and I'm the Director of International Programmes here at Hertford College. Eugene My name's Eugene Berger, I studied here in Oxford for four years er, studying modern languages at Somerville College. Julie Oh, there are many Oxford traditions. Oxford is a very old university, the oldest English-speaking university in the, in the world. And so there are many traditions which are associated with the colleges, with the times of the year, and with sport, and with eating, for example. Eugene Each college is very different um, from um, the others, and it has its own character. Some colleges are very conservative, and some are much more liberal and have a tradition of um, kind of liberal politics. But there are also some specific traditions. Julie Formal Hall is when we all eat together here in college, the professors and the students. Usually it takes places at seven o'clock in the evening, and the professors sit on high table which is the table over here, and the students sit on common table, which are the tables here. But everybody eats together. It's a very beautiful evening because there are, there's a special meal and we eat by candlelight. Eugene I think er, the traditions that make Oxford so unique are firstly the Oxford Union and er, secondly, May Day. The Oxford Union being a debating society where speakers come from all around the world to address the students and even allow themselves to be questioned by the students, making it a very interesting forum. Julie My favourite is er, May Day. And May Day is the first day of May, and we have a tradition called May Morning, and on May Morning everybody gets up very early and the students have a celebration. There is a choir which sings on top of the tower at Magdalen College and all the people of the town and all the students go to listen to the singing. So it's very nice. Eugene The tradition that er, was most important to me was probably Summer Eights. I was a rower. And Summer Eights is a rowing competition, held in May in the summer term. And in this competition, each college is trying to improve its place which it won the previous year and gradually work its way up the river. Julie When the students take exams, they must go to a special building and it's called Examination Schools. And also they must wear a special uniform, so they wear E.gown like mine, a black gown, and they wear a white shirt, arid the men wear a white tie and black trousers. The women wear a white shirt and a black skirt or black trousers. And they must wear this uniform, which has a Latin name - sub fuse — and they must wear this uniform in order to take their examinations. Eugene I think the Oxford traditions lend character to the place and it's such an old institution, it should have traditions, but they can be very inconvenient. For example, sub fuse. This is the uniform that we are required according to the university rules, to wear. Julie They also wear flowers in their buttonholes, and those flowers are carnations. And they wear different colours, the students wear different coloured flowers for different examinations. So when you take your first exam you wear a white flower, and when you take your second exam you wear a pink flower, and when you take your final examination you wear a red carnation. Eugene So we have to dress up in a full black suit, starched collar, white bow tie and carry a mortarboard. And to write an exam in the summer heat whilst wearing all that which you're not allowed to take off is um, uncomfortable. Julie I really like the Oxford traditions, I think it's part of our history, and part of um, being a student or a teacher here at Oxford University. Listening in Passage 1 Interviewer Can you tell me something about the Ivy League? You're a professor at Harvard, is that right?