article presentation 2

The Necessity of Abolishing One-Child Policy in Current China Family plan is one of the most important and influential national policies around the world. Since 1949, with the persistent development of medical treatment, the death rate had decreased dramatically and the life expectation had lengthened obviously. However, the stuffy economical policy during the Culture Revolution blocked the development of Chinese economy. As a result, the contradiction between the increasing population and the decreasing economy sharpened obviously. In order to ease the tension between population and economy, China put the one-child policy into practice all over the country in 1973. To Chinese satisfaction, the policy makes great achievements. But the great changes taking place and the problems that the policy causes persuade us to believe that it is time to abolish the one-child policy in China.

On the one hand, the great changes on Chinese peopl e’s concept of procreation make it necessary to abolish the one-child policy. The major purpose of the one-child policy is to restrict the women to bear more than one child because the economy cannot afford the increasing population and women still intend to have more than one child. But as the development of economy, women tend to give birth to fewer children than before as the statistics have indicated that the fertility rate decreases from 4.54 in 1973 to 1.8 in 2005. That is to say, as economy develops, women’s wish of having children decreases accordingly even without the restriction of the one-child policy. What happens in developed European and American countries also proves this rule. Moreover, the improvement of education has further chan ged people’s purpose on hav ing children. According to a new survey for those who have a ma ster’s degree or a higher one，it is found that their procreation purposes are namely making up a integrated family, bringing happiness and love, pleasing the parents, sustaining the marriage and breeding the descendants in a descent order. To satisfy their wishes, one child is enough so they won’t seek for trouble to give birth to two or more children. The survey also suggests that the expense of rearing a child, career, economic ability and pressure from work and health have become the five prior factors that people consider when they are deciding how many children to have. What’s more, 25.4% respondents are increasingly afraid of having children because it takes a lot of energy to bring up a child; 16.7% are negative for they think it has passive effects on career; also 18.6% have passive position because it will destroy the romantic conjugality. In a word, Chinese people have inclined to have only one child or even no child in marriage life due to the development of social economy, education and social pressure. The opinion of reproduction plays a crucial role in the family plan of a country. As we all know that the developed countries don’t pass the laws to demand their citizens having fewer children but encourage them to give birth to more than one child because in their people’s mind, they have children not for pleasing their parents but for improving their living quality. Once they realize that the children have become an overwhelming burden due to the pressure from economical base and work which declines their living quality, they will choose one-child or no child family plan. Therefore, it is not necessary to use the one-child policy to stop people from having two or more children. People’s changed opinion on family plan makes it a waste of time, money and human resources to enforce the one-child policy constantly in Chinese current situation.

The one-child policy should be abolished not only because of the great changes on

Chinese people’s concept of procreation but also because of the negative effects that it brings about to Chinese long-term development.

First, from the angle of the whole society, the one-child policy is one of the two direct and major factors for the population aging in China in that it causes the low fertility rate. According the standards of the United Nations, if the portion of citizens older than 60 is 10% or the portion of citizens older than 65 is 7%, then the country is on the lists of population aging countries. The sixth population census suggests that in 2005 the portion of Chinese citizens older than 65 is 7.7%. In other words, China has transformed to a population aging society. The aging population is the inevitable result of social progress and the economical development but in China it speeds up because of the efficiency of the one-child policy. So what about the consequences of population aging? First of all, the growing number of aging people transforms the ratio between working and retired population. Thus, the increasing population of being fostered inevitably increases the burden of the present labor population. Then, the aging labor's age structure resulting from the aging population will certainly have negative influences on the improvement of labor productivity and economical development. Last, but not the least, the population aging changes the family scale and structure, which weakens the function of family supporting. Given that the one-child policy is one of the major reasons for the aging population which causes bad effects to the society, abolishing the one-child policy and seeking for a more reasonable and practical family plan becomes inevitable and necessary.

Second, from the viewpoint of the old-child family, the one-child policy also causes some serious problems in the education and growth of the only child. As it is widely acknowledged, children are the future of a country. If the children can not grow up in a sound and healthy way, is there any sense to talking about the construction of Chinese characteristic socialism? For the prosperous future of our country, it is time to change the one-child policy and look for a better family plan.

Third, the one-child policy increases the burden of the one child to support the old. The trend of supporting the old is not family supporting but social supporting. However, human beings are the animals with emotion who live not only for fame, power and money but also for emotion. That is to say, the only child in the family can not only depend on the social supporting but also take the responsibility to take care of the elder family members. It is easy to imagine how heavy burden it will be for the couple both from one-child family to support the four parents as well as the offspring. Living under such pressure, to make ends meet is a long way from the ordinary couples both from one-child family, not to mention to live a high-quality life. Therefore, the one-child policy should be abolished for the sake of the living standard of the couple from one child family.

Last, but not the least, there are some practical cases calling for the abolishment of one-child policy. From the medical aspect, many deadly diseases such as leukemia, MDS/MPD, and aplastic anemia need the transplant of compatible bone marrow in order to cure them. According to the genetics, the similarity rate of bone marrow is higher among the brothers and sisters with the same consanguinity. So it is reasonable for the parents to consider having another child in case that one of the children caught these kinds of diseases. In some accidents, the one-child family loses its child when the female parent cannot get pregnant any more. But if they had two children, it may be easier for the parents to get rid of

the immense pain from losing their child and regain their confidence and courage to live on because they can get comfort and hope from the existence of another child. No one wants diseases or accidents to fall on their children but it is still acceptable to have another child in case of the heart-breaking unexpected. However, the one-child policy pays more attention to the number of the population than the emotion of population. Is not it necessary to make the family plan with human touch?

Taking all above into consideration, it is reasonable to come to a conclusion that the changed opinion of reproduction and the problems deriving from the one-child policy and the emotions of human beings persuade us that it is high time to abolish the one-child policy in Chinese current situation. The one-child policy helps a lot with the ease of the tension between the population increase and economy development but the current situation has also changed a lot. Any law should be adapted according to the changing social reality. Now that the reality concerning procreation has changed, the policy regarding procreation should also be changed. Considering the economy and emotion, the two-child policy may be more reasonable and acceptable in current situation.

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