2016年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题09-短文改错(解析版)

2016年高考试题分项解析之专题9短文改错

1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。学科&网

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

【答案】

1. that →where

2. but去掉

3. had →have

4. honest→ honesty

5. or→ and

6. using →used

7. becoming前加of

8. the →a

9. our→ his 10. stead→steadily

【归纳总结】在英语中though、although、while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用；连词because不和so连用；此外，return不和back连用。

3. had →have 考查动词时态。文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。

4. honest→ honesty 考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。而形容词honest 意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。

考点：考查短文改错

2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.

【答案】

1.how改为what

2.chose改为choose

3.take改为taking

4.but改为and

5.about后加the

6.your改为our

7.knowledges改为knowledge

8.删除can或can改为should

9.thought改为think 10.many改为much

【解析】

试题分析：考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。

6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。

7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。

8.删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气。动词suggest作为建议的时候，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”,所以本句可以删除can或can改为should。

9.thought改为think 考查时态。本文介绍我和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情，全文以一般现在时为主，所以本句使用现在时think。

10.many改为much 考查代词。本句中代词much代替不可数名词much money作为动词cost 的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词复数形式。

【名师点睛】

高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。

一、词法改错

词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。

例如：本题中的

5.about后加the 考查定冠词

7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数

10.many改为much 考查代词

二、句法改错

句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。

例如：

1.how改为what 考查特殊结构。

2.chose改为choose 考查句子结构

3.take改为taking 考查并列结构

8.删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气

三、语篇改错

语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。

4.but改为and 考查连词

6.your改为our 考查代词和逻辑关系

9.thought改为think 考查时态

考点：考查短文改错

3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

【答案】

51.year—years

52.worse—worst

53.the去掉

54.yourself—myself

55.such—so

56.tell—told

57.freely—free

58.wear—wearing

59.to—for

60.I ∧need

55.such—so考查so/such的用法。my parents didn’t seem to think so我的父母似乎不这样认为，so指代上一句的内容，故把such改为so。

56.tell—told考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把tell改为told。

57.freely—free考查形容词副词。be后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from...摆脱......，不受......的影响，故把freely改为free。

58.wear—wearing考查固定搭配。by是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把wear改为wearing。

考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态

【名师点睛】

改错中动词、连词以及上下文语境也是出题者经常会考虑的出题知识点，其解题方法如下：1.动词错误的发现与解决

英语中有许多的短语动词，是很难从字面上判断其意义的。其中与介词构成短语的动词是最常

见的。我们在分析题目的时候，发现有动宾搭配的时候，应该考虑该动词是否是一个短语动词，并进而分析构成该短语动词的介词有无遗漏。对于短语动词的熟悉是一个长期积累的过程，需要随时总结与记忆。以下是考试中常见到的短语动词：

account for；add up to；back up；break down；break away from；bleak out；break up；break in；break off；bring about；bring up；bring out；bring down；build up；call off；call for；call on；carry out；check in；clear up；come off；come around；count on；cut down；cut off；do away with；dwell on；fall back on；fall out；get over；get out of；get at；give out；give up；give off；hang on；hold back；keep back from；keep up with；lay off；lay down；live up to；look into；look forward to；look over；make up；make out；pass away；put up with；role out；run out of；set about；take over；take up；take in；take off；turn up；turn out；work out 等。

还有一种常考的动词的用法就是语态。在所分析的文字中包含谓语动词，那么应该分析是否是这方面的问题。其中应该重点分析主语与谓语动词的关系是主动还是被动。

2．连接词错误的发现与解决

例：However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners．

本题所考查的就是比较连接词的用法。从前文的more我们就可以看出，下文的as是不恰当的，正确的答案应是比较连接词than。一般来说，比较连接词所考查的重点集中在as与than的用法上。句意中是否还有比较意义是很容易辨别的，我们一旦觉察到句子有比较的意思，就应考虑是否是as与than的用法混淆。

此外定语从句的连接词也是要特别注意的。我们看2000年6月的第74题：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known．在这里，句子的后半段很明显是一个非限制性的定语从句，所以应将it改为which.非限制性的定语从句的连接词在近几年的考试中反复出现，应该引起我们的重视。解决此类问题的方法是，凡是发现有复合句的分析对象，首先就要考虑从句的连接词。首先看是否有连接词，其次看连接词是否正确，尤其是which与that的不同应用。

3．语言环境类错误的发现与解决

从历年的考题来看，语言环境类的错误是最有章可循的。这类错误一般是一行中的关键词与上下文所体现出来的意思完全相反。此类题的解决也较简单，那就是将不符合文意的词改为它的反义词即可。如第54题就是属于语境错误。句意：我认为我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。这里指作者自己做决定，根据主语I可知，应该用myself，故把yourself改为myself。

4.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now.

Mom has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest.At dinner,we said to her,“Happy Mother’s Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.

【答案】 1.so---but 2.houseworks---housework 3.or---and 4.get---got 5.去掉on

6.her---his

7.在in和kitchen之间加the 8.what---that/which(或去掉what) 9.favoritest---favorite 10.moving---moved

【名师点睛】

表示情感的现在分词和过去分词

surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的，frightened感到害怕；moving 令人感动的，moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的，bored 感到厌烦；annoying令人烦恼的，annoyed感到烦恼的。现在分词的主语通常指事物；过去分词的主语通常指人。比如第10小题moving---moved 句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把moving---moved。

考点：考查短文改错

5.【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！

My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.

When I was a very young children,my father created a regular practice I r

child

emember well years late.Every time he arrived home at ∧end of the day ,

later the

we’d greet herat the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing

him were know

us,Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk a bout his day and hers.While they chat,my father would lift my sister and

chatted

me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！

on exciting

66.【答案】children改成child

考点：考查名词单复数

67.【答案】late改成later

【解析】

试题分析：late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是“一段时间后面应该接lat er”，表示“……时间以后”。故late改成later。

考点：考查副词

68.【答案】at后面加the

考点：考查冠词

69.【答案】her改成him

【解析】

试题分析：根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my father，作greet的宾语。故her改成him。

考点：考查代词

70.【答案】was改成were

【解析】

试题分析：这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。

考点：考查主谓一致

71.【答案】knowing改成know

【解析】

试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。考点：考查动词不定式

72.【答案】去掉had

【解析】

试题分析：句意：他和我妈妈会喝些东西。这里不是虚拟语气，不能用would have done，用would do表示“过去常常做”。故去掉had。

考点：考查动词形式

73.【答案】chat改成chatted

【解析】

试题分析：根据主句内容my father would lift my sister 可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。

考点：考查动词时态

74.【答案】in改成on

考点：考查介词

75.【答案】excited改成exciting

【解析】

试题分析：这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。

考点：考查形容词

【名师点睛】

高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。

这篇短文主要是一些词法错误，词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。

例如：本题中的

66. children改成child（名词单复数错误）

67. late改成later（副词错误）

68. at后面加the（冠词错误）

69. her改成him（代词错误）

71. knowing改成know（非谓语动词错误）

72.去掉had（虚拟语气错误）

73. chat改成chatted（动词时态错误）

74. in改成on（介词错误）

75. excited改成exciting（形容词错误）

高考真题短文改错分项汇编(含答案)

短文改错汇编高考真题 一动词形式 1.(2010) One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. 2.(2010) On the box was a card say “25 cents each”. 3.(2010) “You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price down to 10 cents a piece. 4.(2011) I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. 5.(2011) Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. 6.(2011) When I finally arrived at my friend’s he lent me lot s of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last. 7.(2012) I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke them. 8.(2012) When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No mor e toys for you.” 9.(2012) My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. 10.(2013I) I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. 11.(2013II) Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. 12.(2013II) It is said to have started in the early 1800’s. …… This custom soon becomes another meal of the day. 13.(2013II) Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. 14.(2014I) Since then —for all these years —we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. 15.(2014II) There are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We di dn’t need to do so much homework. Therefore, we have more time for after-school activities. 16.(2014II) My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. 17.(2014II) We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening to music.

高考英语各地短文改错汇编试题与解析

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