翻译练习材料(new)
Dear Sir:
Your advertisement in this morning’s Beijing Daily for a sales manager prompts me to offer you my qualifications for this position. Because your requirements closely parallel my working experience.
As the enclosed resume indicates, I have had five years’experience in marketing. I have turned in an above-average sales record for the past five years.
I’m quite happy in my present work, but foreign trade in your company sounds more appealing. I would like to have more promotion. Regarding salary, I would leave that to you, my present salary is 6000 Y uan RMB per month.
I’ll be glad to have an interview at your convenience, and can furnish references if desired.
Yours truly’
Polly Lawrence
Enclosed:2
Dear Mr. Levin:
Edith Winters informs me of an opening in your secretarial staff, a position for which I should very much like to become a candidate.
I understand you need a legal secretary with a rapid stenographic skill and the ability to handle a large volume of correspondence. Along with my degree in legal stenographic from Foothill Junior College, I have four years of stenographic experience in retail dry goods and in insurance. My shorthand speed is 145 words per minute. On my present job, I handle between forty and sixty letters everyday. Both at Foothill and on the job, I have had trained sufficient to prepare me to handle routine letters without supervision.
My present job at Southwestern Life &Indemnity has been quite satisfactory, but, having taking my degree recently, I seek the further challenges and reward of a top-flight legal firm. Miss Winte r’s enthusiasm for her work assures me that I would like the job. I hope the enclosed resume will help interest the firm in me.
I can be in Los Angles for an interview any afternoon convenient for you. May I look forward to speaking with you about the position you have available?
Yours sincerely
Laura Edmond
翻译练习材料（三）
RESUME
John A. William
2195 Park Avenue
Monroe, LA 72102-3876
(318)322-8471
Career Objective: Laboratory Technician
Education:
1985-1989 University of Chicago, Chicago, I11.B.Sc.,
Majored in Chemistry
Scholastic Average: B plus
Minored in Mathematics, scholastic average: B plus
Scholarships:
1985-1987: Half-tuition scholarship
1988-1989: Full-tuition scholarship
Working experience:
1987-1988 Laboratory assistant, Chicago Downtown Hospital.
Work involved blood, urine analysis; recording keeping. Average 10 hours per week
during the school year. Worked full-time during summers of 1988 and 1989.
1988-1989 Clerical assistant, Chemistry Department, University of Chicago.
Extracurricular activities:
1988-1989Chemistry club; Treasurer 1988
1988-1990Women’s Tennis Team; co-captain 1988,1989
Scholastic Record------- High School
1981-1985 Centerville High school
Scholastic Average: A minus
Scholastic Recognition:
In 1985, won Kentucky Science Fair prize.
Extracurricular activities:
Tennis Club:1981-1985
Orchestra: 1981-1993
Glee Club:1983-1985
Personal: Age: 26
Health: Excellent
Height: 180 cm
Weight: 185 kg
Reference:
Mr. Angela Sullivan, President, Chicago Downtown Hospital.
P.O. Box 6003, Chicago, 479012 Tel:601-692-4367
Dr. Ruth McGraw, Professor, Chemistry, University of Chicago,
P.O. Box 8741, 356124,Tel;601-543-74061
School, working, and personal reference available.
Dear Sir:
It is a pleasure to recommend to you Mr. Joseph Marshall, who is my student, to be a candidate for a graduate scholarship in American Literature at your University.
Mr. Marshall finished his undergraduate study as an English major Last June. His ability to listening, speaking, reading and writing is very good. I have taught his American literature for two years. So I assure you that he was a top student in my class. In addition to this, he is interested in American literature and Chinese literature particularly. Thus, he intends to study Comparative literature at your university.
He is only 20 years old, his hard-working and quick mind will be helpful for his future success. He has been regarded as a reliable, industrious and persistent student by many teachers.
If you would kindly offer him a scholarship at your university, you will be rewarded by his excellent academic ability and character.
Yours Sincerely,
Elizabeth Thander, Ph. D.
Dean of English Department
A: 借助词典翻译下面与颜色有关的词语
1.red book
2.red face
3.red cap
4.in the red
5.pink slip
6.blue blood
7.feel blue
8.go into the red
9.call white black
10.once ina blue moon
11.pain the town red
12.white-collar worker
13.blue-collar worker
14.blue-ribbon beer
15.show the white feather
16.roll out the red carpet
17.black sheep of the family
B: 翻译下面的句子，注意颜色词的使用。
1.He is green with envy.
2.He is a green horn.
3.You are yellow.
4.He is purple with rage.
5.When I said that, he saw red.
6.This happens once in the blue.
7.He is not black as he is painted.
8.All theses were put down in black and white.
9.I saw him for the first time in his true colours.
C: 翻译下面成语与谚语，注意fish 一词有关词语的使用。1．have other fish to fry
2．big fish in the little pond
3．Never offer to teach fish to swim.
4．There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it. 5．Venture a small fish to catch a great one.
6．He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet. 7．The best fish smell when they are three years old. 8．The best fish swim in the bottom.
9．If you swear you will catch no fish.
D: 翻译下面句子，注意其中的喻义与引申。
1.daily bread
2.out of bread
3.bread and water
4.break bread
5.eat somebody’s bread and salt
6.break bread with
7.cast one’s bread upon the water
8.bread and cheese
9.bread and milk
10.bread and butter period of life
11.bread buttered on both sides
12.eat the bread of affliction
13.eat the bread of idleness
14.half a loaf is better than no bread
15.know which side one’s bread is buttered on
16.take the bread out of somebody’s mouth
17.quarrel with one’s bred and butter
18.put all eggs in one basket
19.The proof of the pudding is in the eating.
20.One man’s meat is another man’s poison.
21.It’s no use crying over split milk.
22.You can’t have your cake and eat it too.
翻译材料（六）
A: 词语的选义
1.run across
2.run away
3.run back over
4.run counter to
5.run down
6.run in
7.run into
8.run into debt
9.run off
10.run out
11.run over
12.run through
13.run up
14.run to seed
15.run a race
16.run for presidency
17.run into sbdy’s aid
18.run aground
19.run wild
20.run to extremes
21.run the streets
22.run a hare
23.run a car
24.run a factory
25.run messages
26.run the water off
27.run oil
28.run to
29.run on
30.run somebody in to difficulties
31.run the risk of
32.run one’s eyes down on a list
33.run a simile too far
34.run a fever
35.run a sword through
36.run a thread through an eyelet
37.run one’s head into a wall
38.The idea runs in his mind.
39.The street runs north.
40.the news runs rapidly into the town.
41.The machine runs well.
42.The river runs east.
B: （a）在上下文中选义
1.He was badly wounded in the head.
2.You should use your head a bit.
3.He had a good head for mathematics.
4.The dinner cost us five dollars a head.
5.Prick with the head of a needle.
6.He was standing at the head of the staircase.
7.Let’s discuss the question under five heads.
8.The head of his bed was piled with books.
9.Present at the meeting were the heads of governments of the four countries.
10.Heads or tails?
11.Where is the head?
(b)
1.这娃娃头真大。
2.她正在梳头。
3.他的女儿在山头上玩。
4.一辆小车停在桥西头。
5.让我从头讲起吧！
6.他把铅笔头扔了。
7.他是我们组的头儿。
8.事情不能只顾一头。
9.我这还是头一次来杭州呢.
10.他头天上午就来了。
11.我们有30 头牛。
（c）
1.man and his wife
2.officers and men
3.his man Friday (鲁滨逊漂流记)
4.man-of-war
5.Be a man!
(d)
1. sophisticated man
2. sophisticated woman
3. sophisticated columnist
4. sophisticated electric device
5. sophisticated weapon
翻译练习材料（七）
翻译下面的词组，注意一词多义现象及词的搭配能力：
1. old age
2. old man
3.old tree
4. old wine
5. old rags
6. old story
7.old friend
8.old hand
9. old customs 10.old clothes 11.old society 12.the old country 13. old days 14.old students 15. old civilization 16. old Chinese literature 17.heavy rail 18.heavy weather 19.heavy load 20. heavy industry 21.heavy rain 22. heavy weapons 23.heavy water 24.heavy element 25. heavy oil 26.heavy loss 27.heavy hydrogen 28.heavy blow
29. heavy burden 30. heavy feathers 31.heavy snow 32.heavy casualties 33. heavy taxation 34.heavy traffic 35.heavy penalty 36.heavy smoke
37. heavy offense 38.heavy sea 39.heavy crop 40.heavy applause 41. heavy money 42.heavy news 43.heavy metal 44.heavy heart
45. heavy truck 46.heavy bomber 47.heavy responsibility 48. heavy duty-machine
英汉词义对比
英汉词语指称意义对比
1、指称意义完全对等的现象（已有通用译名的专有名词、术语和表示日常生活中的食物的名词）
表3-1英汉词语指称意义完全对等的情况示例
2.英汉词语指称意义部分对应的现象(在意义的概括上有广狭之分)
表3-2英汉词语指称意义部分对应的情况示例1
表3-3英汉词语指称意义部分对应的情况示例2
表3-4英汉词语指称意义部分对应的情况示例3
翻译过程中，正确选择和确定词义可参照“语境原则”和“词类原则”
3. 英汉词语指称意义完全不对等的现象
3．1 完全音译法（complete transliteration）
表3-5汉语完全音译法示例
表3-6英语完全音译法示例
表3-7音译法规范示例1
表3-7音译法规范示例2
3.2 部分音译法（Partial Transliteration）表3-7音译法表3-9部分音译法示例1
表3-10部分音译法示例2
英汉词语联想意义对比
1、英汉词语联想意义相像的情况
表3-11英汉词语（谚语）联想意义相像的情况
2、英汉词语联想意义相悖的情况
3、英汉词语联想意义空缺（不对应）的情况
3.1联想意义空缺
表3-12英汉词语联想意义空缺示例
3.2 联想意义不对应表
表3-13英汉词语联想不对应的情况示例
翻译练习(八)(老师用)
文化背景不同（对比分析下面农谚）
枯木死灰withered wood and cold ashes
骨瘦如柴be lean as a rake
对牛弹琴cast pearls before swine
滚石不生苔 A rolling stone gathers no moss
众人拾柴火焰高Many hands make light work
竹篮打水一场空Drawing water in a bamboo basket means drawing nothing Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. 好风快扬帆
Still waters run deep. 静水流深
In the calm sea, everyone is a pilot. 海水平静，人人都可以当舵手。
A small leak will sink a great ship. 小洞不补要沉大船。
联想不同：不同民族不同比喻表达同一思想
牛饮drink like a fish
山中无老虎，猴子称霸王In the land of the blind, the one eyed man is the king 胆小如鼠as timid as a rabbit
如鱼得水like a duck to water
多如牛毛as plenty as blackberries
一箭之遥at a stone’s throw
水中捞月to fish in the air
石沉大海remain a dead letter
半瓶子醋half-baked
蠢得像猪as stupid as a goose
守口如瓶dumb as a oyster
害群之马black sheep
挥金如土to spend money as water
醉如烂泥drunk as a sailor
掌上明珠the apple of somebody’s eye
画蛇添足gild the lily
海底捞针to look for a needle in a haystack 热锅上的蚂蚁like a cat in the hot tin roof
湿得想落汤鸡as wet as a drowned
瘦得像猴子as thin as a shadow
一丘之貉birds of a feather
吹牛to talk horse
如履薄冰to tread upon eggs
棋逢对手diamond cut diamond
挂羊头卖狗肉cry up wine and sell vinegar
翻译练习(八)（学生用）
一、对比分析下面农谚
枯木死灰withered wood and cold ashes
骨瘦如柴be lean as a rake
对牛弹琴cast pearls before swine
滚石不生苔 A rolling stone gathers no moss
众人拾柴火焰高Many hands make light work
竹篮打水一场空Drawing water in a bamboo basket means drawing nothing Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. 好风快扬帆
Still waters run deep. 静水流深
In the calm sea, everyone is a pilot. 海水平静，人人都可以当舵手。
A small leak will sink a great ship. 小洞不补要沉大船。
二、连线下面词语（不同民族不同比喻表达同一思想）
胆小如鼠black sheep
如鱼得水to talk horse
多如牛毛gild the lily
一箭之遥remain a dead letter
水中捞月drunk as a sailor
石沉大海as plenty as blackberries
半瓶子醋half-baked
蠢得像猪as timid as a rabbit
守口如瓶like a cat in the hot tin roof
害群之马like a duck to water
挥金如土diamond cut diamond
醉如烂泥cry up wine and sell vinegar
掌上明珠as stupid as a goose
画蛇添足dumb as a oyster
海底捞针the apple of somebody’s eye
热锅上的蚂蚁to spend money as water
湿得想落汤鸡to look for a needle in a haystack
瘦得像猴子as wet as a drowned
一丘之貉as thin as a shadow
吹牛to fish in the air
如履薄冰birds of a feather
棋逢对手to tread upon eggs
挂羊头卖狗肉at a stone’s throw
练习（九）：（一）“把”字句
1、牛奶把她吃胖了。
2、大鱼大肉把我吃腻了。
3、你把门锁好。
4、他把孩子关起来了。
5、学校把开学时间改在九月底了。
6.、你把茶放在桌子上好了。
7、他把头一扬，走了。
7、那老头把腰板一挺，还不服输。
8、你把她吓得哭了起来。
9、大风把树刮得摇来摇去。
10、这天气把我热的直冒汗。
11、他把那人气的直跺脚。
12、你把衣服洗洗。
13、我把顺序捋捋。
14、你把书拿回去看看。
15、我把材料寄给你过目。
16、我把个北京城跑遍了。
17、他能把你怎样？
18、你把个小伙子吓坏了。
19、他不敢把你撵走。
20、真把我饿坏了！
（二）“是”字句
1、一天是二十四小时。
2、大栅栏是北京最窄、商店最多、行人最多的街道。
3、雾是一种自然现象。
4、邻居的孩子总是最坏的；邻居的老婆总是最漂亮的。
5、成者为王，败者为寇。
6、桌子上是书，椅子上是书，地上还是书。
7、脑袋里满是鬼点子。
8、桌子上摆着书，椅子上摆着书，地上也摆着书。
9、脑子里装满了鬼点子。
10、那年月，有钱人是天天过年。
11、男孩子穿白衣服，女孩子是一色桔黄。
12、It feels like leather.
13、You smell of wine.
14、It looks good but tastes sour.
15、The music sounds familiar.
练习（十）词语的基本对等与不对等
Translate the following sentences.
1、But I hated Sakamoto, and I had a feeling he’d lead us both to our ancestors.
2、I gave my youth to the sea and I came back home and gave my wife old age.
3、You have a lucky star above you.
4、That little girl has a ready tongue.
5、The Senate has voted to support the President’s defense plans.
6、Singapore lies near the equator.
7、The Capitol of Washington is the place where Congress meets.
8、He was rescued from the sea by a helicopter.
9、She studied computational linguistics at Oxford.
10、The children go to school in a minibus.
11、Your hosts are letting you into the intimacy of their home, so a coffee-table book about your area or
some artifacts that typifies it would constitute a way of letting your hosts into some of the secrets of your own home.
12、Do you notice that death rates age 80, 90,100 are bottoming out?
13、But my two great isolating experiences have given me an almost mystical sense of identity with all
suffering humanity.
14、When you want wisdom and insight as badly as you want to breathe, it is then that you shall have it.
15、These were all labeled as good eggs.
16、Their sexual identity, like that of all women competitors, had been officially confirmed by the “Olympic
“femininity control clinic.”
17、On Taiwan there was little grace and less give-in.
18、He had married all his daughters and settled his sons.
19、He didn’t get home until 2 o’clock in the morning.
20、Rifles, pistols, and revolvers are guns.
练习（十一）词语转换
翻译句子，注意斜体词语的转译
1.Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted.(转译成
副词)
2.We must make full use of existing technical equipment. (转译成副词)
3.John was eloquent and elegant—but soft. (转译成名词)
4.Ice is not as dense as water and it therefore floats. (转译成名词)
5.The communication system is chiefly characterized by its ease with which it can be maintained (转译成名
词).
6.This new electronic computer is most widely used and plays an important rle in scientific research. (转译成名
词)
7.His statement yesterday is inconsistent with the facts. (转译成动词)
8.We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. (转译成动词)
9.Our age is witnessing a profound political change. (转译成名词)
10.Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction. (转译
成名词)
11.Securities laws require companies to treat all shareholders reasonably equally. (转译成形容词).
12.Those photos served as a reminder of my childhood. (转译成动词)
13.I’m sure you will be the winner. (转译成动词)
14.Some knowledge about the structure and history of China is helpful for your study language. (转译成动词)
15.Every country is the best judge of what is required to safeguard its national security. (转译成动词)
16.Back home, LaoWang’s daughter was at her wit’s end. (转译成动词)
17.The medicine should be kept beyond the reach of the children. (转译成动词)
18.We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem (转译成形容词).
19.She promptly shepherded them out of the crowded living room and into the privacy of the library. (转译成形
容词).
20.So the rehabilitation of the cabin became a necessity. (转译成形容词).
21.The garden party is a great success. (转译成形容词).
翻译练习材料
英译中、中译英练习文段，翻译大赛练习篇章。 Poetry to Me By Major Jackson 【1】One of the abiding principles and important reasons why I turn to poetry, both as a reader and a maker, is the laying bare of the mystery of the self. The writing of a poem begins in ignorance. Responding to an inner imperative, the stimulus beneath most of my poems is the Greek Delphic aphorism “Know Thyself,”which also emerged in another form in Socrates’s final declarations while on trial and facing imminent death: The unexamined life is not worth living. 【2】Since a young man, poetry became my means of knowing and gave my life substance. By marking language such that it sings our self-hood, by making a linguistic record of our observations in memorable speech, poetry offers the opportunity to not only examine but to penetrate the abstract and nebulous nature of existence and to lay the foundation for an authentic self who serves as a witness to their times. 【3】In a sense, poetry writes, or rather, sings us. I deliberately use the word “sing”because I am one of those who, maybe
材料英语翻译
①化学这门科学在当今世界非常有用。 ②y对于x的依赖关系用y=f(x)来表示。 ③各种物质的导热能力差异很大③各种物质的导热能力差异很大。 ④这个参数可以准确地加以测量。 ⑤半导体的导电率随温度的变化而变化。 ⑥原子能的恰当名称是核能。 ⑦工程材料的性质依赖于（取决于）它们的成分、结构、合成、加工。 ⑧材料科学与工程这个术语将材料科学与材料工程结合在一起，材料科学在材料知识谱的基础知识端，材料工程在应用知识端，两者之间并没有分界线。 ⑨材料的许多性质强烈依赖于其结构，即使材料的成分保持不变。这就是为什么材料中结构-性质关系或者显微结构-性质关系至关重要。 ⑩上面的两个等式极为重要。 The two equations above are of great importance. 十一.金属棒热端的分子随着那里的温度的增加而振动得越来越快。 Molecules at the hot end of a metallic rod vibrate faster as the temperature there increases. 十二.通常这些参数中有一些是已知的。 Usually some of these parameters are known. 十三.当温度低于临界温度时，电子能自由地通过晶格运动。 As temperatures below the critical temperature, the electrons move freely throughout the lattice. 十四. A随温度的这种变化主要是由B的变化引起的。 This variation of A with temperature is due primarily to variations in B. 十五.这种复杂的关系必须用图解来表示。 This complicated relationship must be representedgraphically. 十六.原子间的键合作用部分取决于原子的价电子如何结合在一起。键的类型包括金属键、共价键、离子键、范德华键。 十七.键能与键的强度有关，特别是离子键和共价键结合的材料键能很高。高键能的材料常常具有高的熔点、高的弹性模量和低的热膨胀系数。 ③许多陶瓷材料中发现的离子键是当正电性的原子失去电子给负电性的原子，产生带正电的阳离子和带负电的阴离子而形成的。
英汉翻译练习题
《英汉翻译》练习题一 一、Phrase Translation（句子翻译） A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语）． 1) rural reform （） 2) industrial revolution （） 3) non-governmental sectors （） 4) the International Court of Justice （） 5) Agriculture Department （） 6) encyclopedia （） 7) editorial （） 8) relay race （） 9) vocational school （） 10) the theory of relativity （） 11) to pick and choose ( ) 12) a drugstore ( ) 13) soda fountain ( ) 14) in this fashion ( ) 15) a part-time river ( ) 16) up the river ( ) 17) a summer resort ( ) B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）． 1) 经济增长（） 2) 知识经济（） 3) 民族团结（） 4) 官僚主义（） 5) 所有制（）
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填空题复习资料： 1.翻译人才在中国古代被称作象寄之才/象胥/舌人。 2.东晋时期的道安提出 “按本而传”的翻译思想,被人们称为直译的鼻祖。 3.六朝时期鸠摩罗什曾提出“改梵为秦，失其藻蔚，虽得大意，殊隔文体，有似嚼饭与人，非徒失味，乃令呕哕也。”主张“依实出华。” 被人们称为意译的鼻祖。 4.《春秋谷梁传》中记载了孔子的“名从主人，物从中国”的翻译思想，而该译论比古罗马哲人西塞罗提出的“不要逐字翻译”早四五百年。 5.三国时期的支谦所作《法句经序》被看作是我国第一篇有关翻译的论文。钱钟书在其《管锥编》中指出：“严复译《天演论》牟例所 标：‘译事三难：信、达、雅’，三字皆已见此序。” 6.中国译学理论中不同时期的翻译标准可大致描述为：案本—求信—神似—化境—忠实，通顺—翻译标准多元互补论。 7. 按翻译题材，翻译可分为文学翻译、政论翻译、应用文翻译和科技翻译。 8．20世纪50年代初，傅雷在《〈高老头〉重译本序》中提出了“所求的不在形似而在神似”的重要观点；60年代初，钱钟书在《林纾的翻译》中提出了“化境”的翻译标准。 9. Translations are like women—when they are faithful they are not beautiful, when they are beautiful they are not faithful. 此比喻与我国老子的一个说法不谋而合。老子说：“信言不美、美言不信”。 10．20世纪90年代，美籍意大利学者韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti ）提出了抵抗式翻译/反翻译resistance translation翻译理论，该理论对于提高译者的地位很有帮助，但还不足以构成新的范式。 11.斯内尔-霍恩比（Mary Snell-Hornby）在其2006年的新著 《翻译研究的多重转向》中介绍：20世纪80年代，西方翻译研究出现文化转向；90年代出现实证论转向和全球化转向；而进入新世纪，翻译研究又回到了语言学时代，出现了“U字形转向”（U-turn）。 12. 1964年, 奈达博士在《翻译科学初探》(Toward a Science of Translating)一书中将译文读者引入翻译标准，提出了功能翻译（Functional Equivalence）(请用中英文填写)的翻译原则。 13．辜正坤在全国首届翻译理论研讨会上提出了“翻译标准多元互补论”，在该理论体系中,提出了翻译的最高标准是最佳近似度，这是一个形同虚设的抽象标准，真正有意义的是一大群具体标准。
材料科学与工程计划专业英语第三版翻译以及其答案
UNIT 1 一、材料根深蒂固于我们生活的程度可能远远的超过了我们的想象，交通、装修、制衣、通信、娱乐（recreation）和食品生产，事实上（virtually），我们生活中的方方面面或多或少受到了材料的影响。历史上，社会的发展和进步和生产材料的能力以及操纵材料来实现他们的需求密切（intimately）相关，事实上，早期的文明就是通过材料发展的能力来命名的（石器时代、青铜时代、铁器时代）。 二、早期的人类仅仅使用（access）了非常有限数量的材料，比如自然的石头、木头、粘土（clay）、兽皮等等。随着时间的发展，通过使用技术来生产获得的材料比自然的材料具有更加优秀的性能。这些性材料包括了陶瓷（pottery）以及各种各样的金属，而且他们还发现通过添加其他物质和改变加热温度可以改变材料的性能。此时，材料的应用（utilization）完全就是一个选择的过程，也就是说，在一系列有限的材料中，根据材料的优点来选择最合适的材料，直到最近的时间内，科学家才理解了材料的基本结构以及它们的性能的关系。在过去的100年间对这些知识的获得，使对材料性质的研究变得非常时髦起来。因此，为了满足我们现代而且复杂的社会，成千上万具有不同性质的材料被研发出来，包括了金属、塑料、玻璃和纤维。 三、由于很多新的技术的发展，使我们获得了合适的材料并且使得我们的存在变得更为舒适。对一种材料性质的理解的进步往往是技术的发展的先兆，例如：如果没有合适并且没有不昂贵的钢材，或者没有其他可以替代（substitute）的东西，汽车就不可能被生产，在现代、复杂的（sophisticated）电子设备依赖于半导体（semiconducting）材料 四、有时，将材料科学与工程划分为材料科学和材料工程这两个副学科（subdiscipline）是非常有用的，严格的来说，材料科学是研究材料的性能以及结构的关系，与此相反，材料工程则是基于材料结构和性能的关系，来设计和生产具有预定性能的材料，基于预期的性能。材料科学家发展或者合成（synthesize）新的材料，然而材料工程师则是生产新产品或者运用现有的材料来发展生产材料的技术，绝大部分材料学的毕业生被同时训练成为材料科学家以及材料工程师。 五、s tructure”一词是个模糊（nebulous ）的术语值得解释。简单地说，材料的结构通常与其内在成分的排列有关。原子（subatomic）内的结构包括介于单个原子间的电子和原子核的相互作用。在原子水平上，结构包括（emcompasses）原子或分子与其他相关的原子或分子的组织。在更大的结构领域（realm）上，其包括大的原子团，这些原子团通常聚集（agglomerate）在一起，称为“微观”结构，意思是可以使用某种显微镜直接观察 得到的结构。最后，结构单元可以通过肉眼看到的称为宏观结构。 六、“Property”一词的概念值得详细（elaborate）阐述。在使用中，所有材料对外部的刺激（stimuli）都表现（evoke）出某种反应。比如，材料受到力作用会引起形变，或者抛光金属表面会反射光。材料的特征取决于其对外部刺激的反应程度（magnitude）。通常，材料的性质与其形状及大小无关。 七、实际上，所有固体材料的重要性质可以概括分为六类：机械、电学、热学、磁学、光学（optical）和腐蚀性（deteriorative）。对于每一种性质，其都有一种对特定刺激（stimulus）引起反应的能力。如机械性能与施加压力引起的形变有关，包括弹性、强度和韧性。对于电性能，如电导性（conductivity）和介电（dielectric）系数，特定的刺激物（stimulus）是电场。固体的热学行为则可用热容和热导率来表示。磁学性质表示一种材料对施加的电场的感应能力。对于光学性质（optical），刺激物（stimulus）是电磁或光照。用折射（refraction）和反射（reflectivity）来表示光学性质。最后，腐蚀（deteriorative）性质表示材料的化学反应能力。
中英翻译练习题(2018-6-6)1
中英翻译练习题 1.沿途要住在停留和反省。 Stop and reflect along the way. 2.不过我认为还要有些橄榄油和醋，这样你随时可以兴之所至就弄个沙拉。 Although I’d also include some olive oil and vinegar so you’re always prepared for an impromptu salad. 3.每个流出序列流都有一个条件，将通过评估此条件来确定对应序列流是否发生。 Each outgoing Sequence Flow has a condition that will be evaluated to determine whether or not it occurs. 4.我将这些蚀刻图案当成终极的科学纹身纹在身上。 I like to think of these engravings as the ultimate science tattoos. 5.但是，互联网作为最终的数字传输版的营销市场的观念现在还是令人怀疑。
But the notion of the Web as the ultimate marketplace for digital delivery is now in doubt. 6.激活外出性同步化并设置时间跨度。 Enable outgoing synchronization and set the time span. 7.你想从极限简约主义那学到一些生活中的经验吗？ Would you like to learn some lessons in life from the ultimate minimalist? 8.她替他们起草一个计划。 She draft out a plan for them. 9.不过，各个语言组正在努力解决这些问题，您应当参考相应语言绑定的文档，以了解有哪些限制（如果有）。 However, the language teams are hard at work to address that, and you should refer to the documentation of your language bindings to see what (if any) limitations apply. 10.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。 We accepted the item in principle.
汉英翻译每周练习资料
一 1.人类有史以来不断改变自然环境，以改善自己的生活方式。人类借助技术工具改变 了地球的许多自然特征。20世纪飞速发展的工业经济给人类带来了高度发达的物质 文明，但人类也在重重危机之中，环境问题已经从局部的小范围发展成地区性的甚 至全球性的问题。现在，就让我们一起来了解当今世界正面临着的十大环境问题。众多的环境问题，已经对人类提出了十分严峻的挑战，这是涉及人类能否在地球上继续生存、继续发展的挑战，人类不能回避，更不能听之任之，贸然对待。越来越严格的伐木限制、越来越小心的渔民、越来越多的生态社区、越来越先进的火力发电、越来越环保的能源技术、越来越普及的太阳能。人类必须、也只有人类能够找到自己的出路。 Since time immemorial, via techniques and tools mankind has been endlessly morphing the natural environment into what can fit its lifestyles, and due to which great changes have taken place on earth’s landscapes. In 20 century, rapid development of industrial economy brought about a highly-developed material civilization, while at the same time——environmental problems too which amid countless crises, developed from the local to the regional and even global level. Now let’s acquaint ourselves with the top ten global environmental problems, which together with the rest of the problems are posing great threats to human beings. It’s a matter of whether we can continue our living on earth and a matter of sustained development which we can neither dodge nor let go unchecked or deal with hastily. Lumbering is facing increasingly significant restrictions and fishermen are getting more concerned with local environment while fishing. More and more eco-communities spring up; thermal power generation is becoming more and more advanced, energy technologies more and more environmental-friendly; solar power is getting ubiquitous. Mankind and mankind only can find its own way out. 2.冰糖葫芦是中国传统美食，由山楂作主料蘸上熬好的冰糖，酸甜冰爽。圆溜溜的红 山楂一颗颗串在竹签上，象征幸福和团圆。传统的冰糖葫芦只用山楂作原料，但如 今冰糖葫芦品种既多又新颖，人们喜欢的任何水果、甚至蔬菜，都可以制作。比如：草莓、橘子、葡萄、猕猴桃、山药、小西红柿等。本期工坊将教您制作冬日美食冰 糖葫芦，如果您身边还有其他蔬果食材，都可以同理制作哦，一起试试吧！ Taking on a sour-sweet flavour, candied haws are a traditional Chinese snack which, using haws as its main ingredient by skewering them on a bamboo stick, syrup-coated, embodies happiness and reunion. Compared to the traditional ones which only take haws as the raw material, today’s ‘candied haws’ are not only novel but diverse as any kind of fruits and even vegetables, such as strawberries、tangerines、grapes、 kiwi fruits、 yams and tomatoes, can be produced into them. Today’s workshop will teach you how to make candied haws—the ‘Cuisine of Winter’. If you have any other fruits and vegetables at hand, you can repeat the same procedure. So let’s do it! 3.在泉州流传着这样一个故事，一个学者偶然到泉州考察，走进一个石头砌成的公共 厕所，猛然低头看见右脚踩着一块千年石碑，左脚踩着刻着梵文的某个遗址。他惊 诧着跑了出来，一路狂奔到佛教圣地开元寺，一抬头，看到寺内仿木石塔上雕刻的
翻译练习 中英对照
Translation Exercises (with reference keys) (for the third grade English majors) Part One: Sentences Exercise 1 Comprehension and Expression (1) Exercise 2 Articles (2) Exercise 3 The translation of “It” (3) Exercise 4 The expletive “There” (4) Exercise 5 Passive voice (5) Exercise 6 Nouns in English (5) Exercise 7 Prepositions (6) Exercise 8 Diction （用词） (7) Exercise 9 Amplification （增益） (8) Exercise 10 Omission （省略） (9) Exercise 11 Conversion （词性转换） (9) Exercise 12 Inversion （调整词序） (10) Exercise 13 Negation （反译） (11) Exercise 14 Division （拆译） (12) Exercise 1 Comprehension and Expression 1.That’s all Greek to me. 那个我一窍不通。 2.He was up to his neck in debt. 他负债累累。（或：他债台高筑。） 3.The enemy troops fled in disorder. 敌军狼奔豕突。（豕shǐ,猪） 4.The naughty boy was upsetting the other children, so I showed him the door. 那个顽皮的孩子扰乱别的孩子，所以我把他撵走了。 5.You have my sympathy. 我同情你。 6. A great elation overcomes them. 他们欣喜若狂。 7.March, 1913 found me working in a small constructional firm. 1913年3月，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。 8.All our sympathies are with you.我们完全同情你。 9.Washington in that time was a place for Movement people to come for money, not marches. 那时候青年激进分子到华盛顿来是为了筹款，而不是搞游行示威。 10.I am not a smoker.我不抽烟。 11.The Security Council has been seized of the question since December 1963. 安理会从1963年12月以来就一直受理这个问题。 12.Stop selling me to him.别在他面前美言我。 13.There’s no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid. 姑娘再丑，也不愁配偶。（锅子再癞，也不愁没盖儿。）
BONUS-汉英翻译练习材料-中国高翻团队
BONUS:汉英翻译练习材料 By中国高翻团队 2015，中国特色大国外交的全面推进之年 2015:A Year of Flying Colors for Pursuing Major-Country Diplomacy with Distinctive Chinese Features ——王毅部长在2015年国际形势与中国外交研讨会开幕式上的演讲 –Speech by Foreign Minister Wang Yi at the Opening Ceremony of the Symposium on International Developments and China’s Diplomacy in2015 2015年12月12日 12December2015 又到一年一度盘点中国外交的时候了。即将过去的2015年，无论对于世界还是中国，都具有极为特殊和重要的意义。 As2015,a year of great importance to both China and the world,is drawing to an end,it is time for me to review the progress made in China’s diplomacy. 2015年，是人类历史发展进程中承前启后的重要一年。 The year2015is a crucial one in the advance of human history. 70年前，世界反法西斯战争获得胜利，联合国应运而生，回顾那段改变人类前途与命运的历史，世界各国都以不同的方式加以纪念和反思，目的就是从中汲取教训，防止悲剧重演，努力开创和平与繁荣的美好未来。围绕和平与发展两大议题，我们同国际社会一道，相继确立2030年可持续发展目标与2020年后气变安排两项重大全球议程，同时加大合作力度，共同应对包括恐怖主义等在内的各类全球性挑战。 Seventy years ago,the United Nations was established following the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War.Countries around the world have held commemorations on that part of history which reshaped the future of mankind to draw lessons from history,prevent recurrence of similar tragedies and deliver a better future of peace and prosperity.Pursuing peace and development,China joined the international community in setting the sustainable development goals for2030and post-2020 Climate change agenda,two priorities on the global agenda.China has also strengthened international cooperation to combat terrorism and address other global challenges.