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新编大学英语Unit10Book2课文翻译和课后练习答案

新编大学英语Unit10Book2课文翻译和课后练习答案
新编大学英语Unit10Book2课文翻译和课后练习答案

Unit 10 Emotions and Health

Part One Preparation

1. Who is who?

Man 1: Picture C Man 2: Picture A Man 3: Picture B

2. On the Stage

Samples:

One can express one’s anger by:

— pulling a long face;

— stomping on the ground;

— getting red in the face;

— shouting or yelling;

— being ready to attack;

—clenching one’s fist;

—gnashing one’s teeth.

One can express one’s anxiety by:

— remaining silent;

— strolling here and there;

—patting one’s head.

One can express one’s sadness by:

— crying or weeping;

— being motionless;

— putting on an expressionless face;

— facing the sky.

One can express one’s hopelessness by:

—shaking one’s head;

—shrugging one’s shoulders.

One can express one’s nervousness by:

—scratching one’s head;

— pacing/walking up and down;

— murmuring to oneself.

3. Mental Attitudes

Samples:

1) The circumstances were the same. Salesman B, with a better attitude and an eye for the bright side of a picture, found a niche market while A could not. Salesman B held a positive attitude toward the world and he therefore saw the opportunity and hope. Salesman A failed to find the market because he held a negative attitude toward the world.

2) It was the same island, where lived the same group of bare-footed people. Both salesmen worked for the same company and knew what their director desired to do, but they came to completely different conclusions about the business situation there. This is really an excellent example of the Chinese old saying “The kind see kindness and the wise see wisdom (仁者见仁,智者见智).” Here their mental attitudes are the key to their different reactions. Very often we complain about external conditions and environment when we face difficulties. Instead, we should first examine and see what’s wrong with ourselves according to this story.

Part Two Reading-Centered Activities

In-Class Reading

I. Pre-Reading

Sample:

Good health has come to mean more than simply the absence of illness. Good health also means mental alertness and muscularity. One who has good health is intelligent, strong, energetic, quick-minded, and full of vigor.

There are many factors contributing to good health. First of all, one shouldn’t smoke and shouldn’t drink excessively. Second, one should have a healthy diet and avoid eating and drinking too much at one time. One should eat breakfast every day and eat very little between meals. Third, exercise is extremely important for good health. If one takes exercise regularly, good health won’t be too far away. Fourth, enough sleep is also very important. One should sleep seven to eight hours a day. Lack of sleep will dull one’s mind and one’s body will eventually give out. Finally, one should get regular medical care. Regular check-ups are necessary.

课内阅读

参考译文

健康的秘诀

1 锻炼身体,饮食适当,不吸烟。这些是给希望保持健康的人的一些最常见的忠告。然而越来越多的科学研究表明保持健康还有一个同等重要的方面,即心境平和。

2 试想一下,当你在医生办公室外面等待进去看病时你的心跳有多快,严重的头疼又会使你多么的难受。身心之间的联系是双向的。一方受到干扰时,另一方能够感受到。信息交流网的核心部分是一种叫做神经传递素的大脑化学物质,这种物质不仅在大脑内传递信息,还能在体内传递信息。免疫系统是主要的感受器,是一个由细胞和器官所组成的、能抵御病毒与细菌进攻的网络。当你兴奋、恐惧或者放松时,免疫系统会增加或减少抵抗疾病的细胞的生成,从而帮助或阻碍你抵抗疾病,如流感,甚至癌症。

3 迄今为止有关紧张会使免疫系统受到影响,已有大量的文献记载。例如,在一项涉及新婚夫妇的研究中,在关于婚姻问题的30分钟讨论中,那些有对立举止的人,在该讨论后24小时内比那些举止比较积极的人的免疫功能要差。破坏免疫功能的不仅仅是紧张。一名研究人员认为:如果两个不同的人从鼻子吸进同一种感冒病毒,抑郁、焦虑或者是悲观的那个人得感冒的可能性会更大。

4 心情紧张以及与其相关的情感会导致健康状况不佳,这是怎么回事呢?那是因为这些情感会引起一些物质的产生,这些物质会破坏或削弱我们的免疫细胞。消极的情感还会减少我们体内抵抗疾病的免疫传递素的生成量。

5 假如紧张、忧郁、生气及其他消极情感会使你更容易得病,那么相反的情况是否成立呢?假如你快乐些、不那么紧张,或者更乐观一些,你的免疫力是否就会更强些、健康状况就更好些呢?专家们的看法是肯定的。有研究表明采用某些减少压力、改进人生观的身心疗法,癌症病人能延长寿命。但是癌症病人并非惟一受益者。某些身心疗法能使我们所有人受益。

6 研究发现,那些有慢性疼痛病的人采用了放松疗法和其他行为疗法控制不适后,他们看病的次数减少了36%。放松是通过有节奏的深呼吸、肌肉松弛、心率减缓,从而使身体更健康。当某些紧张感从体内去除后,压力也随之从整个系统消除了。放松能降低血压、减缓心率、呼吸变慢,使人倍感康乐。这一点很重要,因为要是人的身体始终处于紧张状态,它最终会垮掉的。

7 有几十种身心疗法可供你选择。关键是要找一种能使你感到很自在的疗法,并定期进行。在研究人员看来,把那些消极的、令人不快的事就写写下来也可以增强你的实际免疫力。科学家对这样做为什么会有用,还没完全搞清楚,但是他们知道个人写的过程就能帮助自己将事件理一理,这会使他们更好地了解自己的处境。通过写能使你明白这种紧张的经历是怎么一回事,你就不会(像不这样做)那样去想或担忧了。而当你不那么紧张了,你的免疫功能也就增强了。至于写多少、写多久,这要取决于那件事给你带来的紧张程度。有一位医生建议人们一直写到不愿写了为止,然后读一遍自己所写的东西,这会使你对所写的事情心里更清楚。与朋友谈论自己经受的压力同样能起到积极的作用。

8 一次次的研究表明那些受人关心、能得到家庭、朋友及同事的帮助,有良好关爱机制的人,健康状况比较好。研究人员认为,从他人所得到的理解能够减少紧张,从而有利于免疫系统。一位心理学家说道:“当有人爱你、关心你,同你分担问题和情感时,你会感到你不是孤身一人在与困难和环境斗争。” 另一项有趣的研究表明,你的社交面越广越好,而且那些有很多不同社会关系的人比那些社会关系少的人得感冒的危机要小。

9 还有一些别的快捷有效的身心放松疗法。有一种叫做“腹部呼吸法”。在一个安静的房间里坐在一张舒适的椅子上,闭上眼睛,用鼻子呼吸,让腹部充满空气,然后将气慢慢地从嘴里呼出。另一种疗法叫做“留神法”。慢慢地散步,时时刻刻注意正在发生的一切——你是否感到有风扑面吹来,有只小虫在你身边飞舞,或者听到小鸟在鸣唱。即使你还在思考那些问题,你也会比原先镇静些,使问题离你远一些。假如你在家里,你可以跳舞。播放一些快节奏的音乐,关上门,让自己纵情地跳。跳舞能给你活力,仅这一点就能使你感觉好一些。

10 不管哪些身心疗法对你最有效,千万不能依赖它们,不能一味地依赖它们以保持身心健康。正如体育锻炼、良好的营养、适当的医疗保健一样,诸如放松之类的疗法都只能是保持身体健康良方的一部分。不过,他们却是一个重要的组成部分。

III. Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text

1) Introduction (Para.1)

Peace of mind is an important aspect to staying healthy apart from exercise and nutrition.

2) A two-way connection between mind and body. (Para.2-6)

A. The relationship between negative emotions and health: Negative emotions can

encourage poor health.

i. Supporting evidence: The study involving newlywed couples.

ii. Reasons: Negative emotions can cause the production of substances that damage or

weaken our immune cells and can cause our bodies to produce fewer

immuno-transmitters.

B. The relationship between positive emotions and health: Positive emotions can be

valuable in fighting diseases.

i. Supporting evidence: Cancer patients can live longer by employing certain mind-body

techniques; patients with chronic pain visited their doctors less frequently by using

relaxation therapies and other behavioral techniques to manage discomfort.

ii. Reasons: Relaxation decreases blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration and

incr eases one’s sense of well-being.

3) Mind-body techniques (Para.7-9)

i. Writing about negative, unpleasant events;

ii. Talking about a stressful experience with a friend;

iii. Asking for support from family, friends, co-workers, etc.;

iv. Belly breathing;

v. Taking a slow walk;

vi. Dancing.

4) Conclusion (Para.10)

To keep healthy, you must combine mind-body techniques with other methods like exercise, good nutrition and proper medical care.

2. Understanding Specific Information

1) T 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) T

3. Group Discussion

Samples

1) I don’t think it is possible to have a healthy body and an unhealthy mind. As we have learned

from the passage, there is a two-way communication between the mind and the body. When one is bothered, the other feels it. If one has an unhealthy mind, negative emotions will gradually have a negative influence on the metabolism, which in turn will make the body give out.

2) I think there are many other factors contributing to good health. They are:

— good living habits/a good lifestyle;

— adequate sleep;

— not smoking and not drinking excessively;

—developing one’s own interests and hobbies;

—finding someone with whom one can share one’s feelings.

3) Other mind-body techniques include:

— singing;

— sports;

— fishing;

— talking;

— meditation;

—taiji.

Vocabulary

1. 1) document

A. n. a paper that provides information, especially of an official kind

B. v. write about something, film it, or take photographs of it, in order to record information

about it

2) distance

A. n. the amount of space between two points or places

B. v. separate (especially oneself), especially in the mind or feelings

3) reverse

A. n. the opposite; the other way round

B. v. change to the opposite trend

4) function

A. n. the purpose of a person or thing 功能

B. v. work; operate

5) chemical

A. adj. of, connected with, used in, or made by chemistry 化学的

B. n. a substance which is an element or a combination of elements 化学物质

6) key

A. adj. very important or essential

B. n. something that provides access, control or understanding 关键

2. 1) A 2) B 3) B 4) A 5) B 6) A

7) B 8) B 9) B 10) B 11) A 12) B

1) A. continue in a certain state

B. remain or continue in the same place; not depart or change

2) A. the body organ that pumps blood through the body 心脏

B. the central, innermost or most important part of something

3) A. have as a necessary part or result

B. include or affect (somebody/something) in its operation

4) A. help to grow or develop

B. make (someone) feel brave enough or confident enough to do something, especially by

giving active approval

5) A. give work to somebody, usually for payment

B. (formal)make use of

6) A. person’s way of looking at life, etc., mental attitude

B. what seems likely to happen; future prospects

7) A. one after the other

B. as a result of something

8) A. feeling that one would like to sleep or rest

B. having lost interest or patience

9) A. without any companions

B. (following a noun or pronoun) only; exclusively

10) A. a set of instructions for preparing a particular kind of food (某种食物的)烹饪法

B. (used in the expression “be a recipe for”) be likely to cause a particular result

11) A. in spite of that; nevertheless

B. in a greater amount or degree, even

12) A. any of the foods that are combined to make a particular dish

B. a quality or qualities you need to achieve something

3. 1) fit

Healthy and fit both indicate that a person is physically strong and rarely suffers from any physical illness. Healthy also refers to conditions which are good for somebody’s health, or the outward signs of somebody having good health. Fit suggests that someone is in good physical condition particularly as a result of taking regular exercise.

2) technology

technique: [C] a specific way of doing something, usually involving some skill技术

technology: [U] the general use of scientific knowledge for practical purposes科技

3) efficient

efficient: working well, quickly, and without waste

effective: producing the desired result

4) chance

chance: possibility; (degree of) likelihood that something will happen, especially something desirable

risk: danger, possibility that something harmful or undesirable may happen

5) aspect

aspect: a particular side of a many-sided situation, idea, plan, etc.

respect: a detail, a particular point

6) anxious

stressed: feeling of tension and anxiety resulting from pressure caused by the problems of living, too much work, etc.

anxious: nervous or worried about something, for example that something bad might happen 7) decreasing

reduce: [v.t.] make less in size, amount, price, degree, etc.

decrease:[v.i/v.t.] (cause to) become less in size, amount, strength, or quality

8) depend on

depend on: vary according to, be decided by

rely on: trust (especially that something will happen or someone will do something), have confidence in

Translation

1. We can go to the seven o’clock performance or the eight—whichever suits you best.

2. Men are generally supposed to be strong, but most women know that the reverse is often true.

3. He was released from prison after serving two years of a five-year sentence.

4. You look equally nice in both dresses—I do n’t know which one to advise you to buy.

5. This candidate has an impressively diverse range of interests and experience.

6. The child suddenly let go of her hand and ran across the street.

7. The result of the competition will depend largely on the opinions of the judges.

8. I’m tired of you telling me what to do all the time.

After-Class Reading

Passage I

课外阅读1

参考译文

生气伤身体

1 2000多年来,世界上的主要宗教都在教诲人们信任之心的美德。现在又有一条理由让人们去注意这一人类恒久的智慧:科学证据表明具有信任之心的人活得更长,更健康。

2 两位研究心脏病学的先驱——迈耶·弗里德曼和雷·H·罗森曼——在美国发表了他们的研究结果后,几乎每个美国人都知道A型行为者没有耐心,容易激发敌意,容易生气。许多人逐渐认识到A型行为者发作心脏病和死于冠心病的危险性比别人更大。

3 正当人们要将A型行为归入到诸如吸烟、高胆固醇、高血压、缺乏体育锻炼等诱发心脏疾病的因素中去时,又有研究报告发表,显示有关A型行为的说法并非如此简单。

4 新的研究并未发现所有A型行为者都会增加心脏病发作的危险。然而,最近的研究正在澄清和增进我们对该问题的了解。有利的方面是,并非A型行为的方方面面都同样有害。新近的研究表明,匆忙行事只有当它促使敌意加剧时,才是有害的。

5 不利的方面:敌意和生气会是致命的。它们不仅增加患冠心病的可能性,而且也增加患其他致命疾病的风险。假如你内心易怀敌意,你应该学会少生气,这很重要。

6 强烈影响人们产生敌意的幕后原因是一种对他人的怀疑与不信任。如果我们预料其他人会不善待我们,我们往往会觉得确实如此。这会使我们生气,会使我们以牙还牙。

7 愤世嫉俗者最有特点的态度是怀疑陌生人的动机。假设你在等电梯,而电梯在你上方高两层的位置停留的时间比平时长。真不替他人着想!你会这样想。他们若想聊天,为什么不走到电梯外面,好不耽误别人该去哪儿去哪儿?你无法知道是什么造成的耽搁。然而,在几秒钟里,你已经对看不见的人以及他们的动机做出了充满敌意的结论。

8 同时,你对他人的怀疑与不信任正激发肾上腺素和其他紧张激素的大量释放,并产生了明显的生理反应。你说话的声调变高,呼吸节奏和深度增加,心跳更快、更强烈,手脚肌肉僵硬。你感到憋着一股劲,随时准备采取行动。

9 如果你经常有这样的感觉,你的愤怒商就太高了,你产生严重的健康问题的风险也许会增加。久而久之,生气时释放的荷尔蒙所产生的后果会增加得冠心病和其他疾病的风险。

10 不幸的是,随着时间的推移,怀有敌意之心的人就更容易生气。你是否经常在刚遇到的人面前表达你内心的不快。这种表达(内心不快)的口气有不同,由温和(“我觉得你不能走这条快捷付款通道,因为你购物筐里的东西太多了。”),到不太温和(“喂,那么多东西,不能走这条通道!”)。

11 要判断你在某种场合下的行为是敌意的,第一个迹象可以从你对“我这样做的目的是

什麽?”这个问题的回答中得到。如果你是因他人的所作所为而要惩罚他,那么你确实如所指责的那样,是有敌意。

12 是否有可能减少你的敌对情绪,对他人多一点信任感呢?心脏病学家迈耶·弗里德曼的研究小组所做的预防心力衰竭的研究结果令人鼓舞。他和他的同事招募了1013位心脏病患者(这些患者几乎都是A型行为者)参与他们的研究。心脏病学家对自愿参加实验的人中的一组给予饮食和锻炼方面的建议。另一组人除了得到同样的建议外,还增加一项内容,就是减少他们的A型行为。

13 四年半以后的评估显示在有关心脏病方面及举止上同时得到建议的人其有危害性的A 型行为大大降低,而对照组的人也有所降低,但极为有限。

14 更为重要的是,那些在行为上得到矫正的人死亡率和心脏病发病率降低了45%。那么,由此可以推断,少生气应该有利于防止心脏病的初发。

Passage II

课外阅读2

参考译文

列出情感的名称

1 生气、嫉妒、悲伤、沮丧,这些都是孩子很自然会有的情感。但是你如何帮助孩子学会以一种有利于身心健康的方式去对付这些情感呢?答案很简单,给出情感的名称。

2 孩子常常缺乏一些必要的基本词汇,来搞清楚他们所经受的情感,到底是嫉妒、伤心,恐惧还是担心。当看护者告诉一个泪流满面的孩子,“你现在感到很伤心,是吗?”或是告诉一个跺着脚大发脾气的孩子,“我知道你现在很生气”,他们所做的是一件重要的事情。他们教会孩子说出自己的情感,他们传授给孩子一种有价值、终身受益的技能。

3 让情感有个名称不仅帮助孩子明白他们所经历的情感,研究表明,这样做还有助于平静他们的神经系统,有助于他们更快地从苦恼的情境中恢复过来。

4 列出情感的名称是进行情感指导的一个重要的步骤。研究显示,孩子在成长时,随时接受鼓励健康情感发展的情感指导,这样的孩子:

——更自信;

——学业更好;

——行为问题更少;

——与朋友及他人相处更好;

——得传染性疾病的机会更少;

——更能经受得起父母亲之间的冲突。

5 孩子情感上非常健康,进而会使他们能够更好地去对付未来生活中难以处理的事件。孩子能够发展健康情感的基本要素之一是,学会在痛苦时如何自我安抚。这并不意味着孩子少生气、少恐惧或者少沮丧。经历这些强烈情感有益于健康。这些孩子只是能更好地处理他们的情感、从情感事件中重新活跃起来并将注意力集中到其他活动上去。当孩子能够从他们的情感经历中重新活跃起来时,他们就能更好地将注意力投向重要的事物,如保持友谊或完成功课。

6 那么知道情感名称这么简单的事情怎么会有用呢?科学给我们提供了新的答案,提出了十分有趣的问题。

7 来自不同实验室的研究显示,知道情感名称对神经系统有一种镇静作用,从而帮助孩子更快地摆脱紧张的情感。究竟为什么会这样还不清楚,但有些科学家相信这与大脑的结构以及情感的处理有关。大脑中,某些区域主要负责处理情感,另一些区域主要负责逻辑

思维和语言。这里重要的是了解这些区域之间的联系。神经科学家们正在非常仔细地研究这些联系。

8 将一种情感用语言表达出来需要调用左脑的语言功能区,而这一区域同时还用于逻辑以及其他一些更高水平的思维活动。戈特曼博士认为说出情感的名称刺激这个区域的神经细胞,这会激活这个“逻辑”区域与情感处理区域之间的联系。激活这些联系有助于孩子以不同的方式来考虑自己的情感,从而起到镇静作用。

9 列出情感的名称看似方法很简单,但有时却不像听起来那么容易。首先,看护者需要了解孩子所经历的情感,这样他们才能帮助孩子找出最合适的词汇来描述这些情感。那可决非容易的事。跟大人一样,孩子会经历一些交织的情感。一个小孩,即将有一个小妹妹,他也许会既为这新生命的到来而激动,又会为家庭生活方式将要发生变化而担忧。探讨各种各样的情感能让孩子确信经历有冲突的情感是正常的。

10 父母与看护者可以帮助孩子掌握丰富、准确的词汇来描述他们的情感。要做到这一点,父母和看护者可以(采取下列方法):

●早些开始与孩子一起辨别情感——甚至于可以在孩子能说话之前就开始。一种办法

是玩一种戈特曼博士称作“伙计”的游戏,在这种游戏中,父亲或母亲在每个手指

上画一张不同的脸——一个手指上可以是一张生气的脸,其他的手指上可以是悲

伤、高兴、惊讶、或恐惧的脸。这些“伙计”然后分别谈论他们兴旺发达的时期,以及他们为什么会有某种情感。听完每个“伙计”的述说以后,你可以让你的孩子

去抓那只和他有同样情感的手指(孩子9个月左右这样的游戏就可以开始)。

●用木偶来表现不同的情感,然后谈论这些情感的名称以及人们什么时候会有那样的

情感。

●不要告诉孩子他们应该有什么样的情感——要尽量确定孩子正经历的情感。

●向孩子示范你如何确定自己的情感——孩子是在观察和模仿成人行为中学习的。

11 列出情感的名称不只是教给孩子一个描述他们情感的词汇,这还向孩子表明他们被别人所理解,而被人理解是我们所有人都感到欣慰的事情。

Part Three Further Development

1. Positive and Negative Emotions

Samples:

More positive emotions and negative emotions:

1)

On the positive side, I often experience emotions like love and happiness. Being the only child in my family, I have had all the love a child can get from my parents and grandparents. I get what I want and very often I feel I’m the happiest person in the w orld.

On the negative side, I often feel stressed and helpless. In my university, I find my classmates all do very well in their study or excel at certain subjects, I often feel under great pressure and I

am no longer the top student as I was in high scho ol. I’ve tried very hard to get to the top again but with no avail. Therefore I often have a feeling of helplessness.

2)

—When I’m experiencing negative emotions like anger, I usually burst out right away and feel better afterwards. Sometimes I go for a walk by myself or find a place where I am not disturbed.

— When I feel jealous of others, I always try to comfort myself by saying something like “there are things I have that are the envy of others” and thus I will feel better.

— When I feel myself unfortunate, I often try to think of others who are more unfortunate than me.

— When I feel lonely, I often do one of the following things: going out for a walk; calling my close friend; going to the playground and joining the games other students are playing;

listening to my favorite music, etc.

2. Developing a More Trusting Heart

2. Reason with yourself

3. Think like the other guy

4. Laugh at yourself

5. Practice trust 7. Practice forgiveness 8. Start now

3. Interpreting Old Sayings

Samples

1) The old saying means: be happy and optimistic, you can keep illnesses away.

— My grandfather is now 89. He still has a sharp mind and can take care of himself. He seldom falls ill. Whenever something bad happens, he always looks at the bright side of the problem and always hopes for the best. His advice to us is that we should be positive about everything.

—A friend of my mother’s is a ve ry nice person. She is easy-going and can shrug off her worry and anger with grace. For her, the world will never end. Two years ago, on a regular check-up, she was found to have a form of cancer. Instead of getting panicked as many people would, she had an operation immediately and is now fully recovered. She always tells her friends and colleagues that it’s no use worrying about anything and the important thing to do is to face the problem bravely and think of the ways to overcome the problem encountered.

2) The old saying means: If each person would control his own emotions, the whole world would be a better, more peaceful and happy place to live.

I agree with the saying entirely. The world is composed of individuals and whatever a person does will have an effect on others, to varying degrees though. My personal experience shows that it is important for everyone to learn to control his emotions. I remember clearly the day when we narrowly escaped a fight. A group of us were playing basketball and before we finished a game another group of boys came along. Without saying anything they started to play in the same court. We tried to reason with them but they wouldn’t listen. Some of my classmates got red in the face and were ready to take action. Boys in the other group, as aggressive as when they first came, didn’t show any sign of retreat. Fully aware of the consequences of the conflict, I tried hard to persuade both sides to calm down and find a way out. Finally the dispute was settled with the two

groups agreeing to have a game together.

4. A Health Hour

Samples

1) The prevention of colds

I am the campus doctor. I often have patients who have colds and can’t go on with their normal study. And here is my advice:

—Eat properly. Don’t eat or drink too much at one time.

—Develop good living habits. Don’t go to bed too late or get up too late. Ensure that you sleep for 7 to 8 hours every night.

— Exercise more. Choose the form of exercise that you think is suitable for you. Have a shower after exercising.

— Eat some fresh fruit and vegetables rich in vitamin C. Vitamin C helps to fight off colds.

2) Ways of handling anger

A.

I am a campus psychologist. Often I have students coming to me complaining about their roommates, teachers, classmates, food and many other things. Yes, you have many reasons for being angry. But what I would say is being angry won’t help a thing. My advice goes like this:—Be tolerant. Everybody has his weaknesses and nobody is perfect. You have your own weaknesses that others feel unacceptable.

—Be modest. Don’t think that you are the best as you might have been when you were in high school. You should always try to learn from others.

— Be considerate. Since you are living in a university dormitory, you should be considerate in doing everything. Once you are considerate, others will be considerate too.

—Have a trusting heart. Don’t always think that you are mistreated or mistrusted. Don’t be suspicious.

—Respect others, especially their choices. People’s tastes are different. You shouldn’t expect the others to do whatever you like.

— Be independent. You are now a university student. You should learn to take care of yourself, your life, your study, etc. You shouldn’t expect your teachers or classmates to do what your parents do for you at home. Learn to budget your time and your money.

—Breathe deeply, from your diaphragm; breathing from your chest won’t relax you. Picture your breath coming up from your “gut”.

—Slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “relax”, “take it easy”. Repeat it to yourself while breathing deeply.

— Use imagery; visualize a relaxing experience, from either your memory or your imagination. —Nonstrenuous, slow yoga-like exercises can relax your muscles and make you feel much calmer.

B.

Everyone has processes they use to deal with angry feelings. Successful approaches usually follow one of three paths.

Expressing. The healthiest way to express anger is to be assertive—not aggressive—in letting others know what you feel and need. Make clear what you want to have happened, don’t hurt others, and be respectful to everyone involved.

Suppressing. Suppressed anger is held in, analyzed, and then redirected. The aim is to convert your anger into some more positive action. It is important to make sure the anger is directed into action—holding it in too long can lead to high blood pressure and depression.

Calming. Learning to calm down inside can help manage anger in a positive, non-destructive way. You can start learning to do this by taking a deep breath before saying or doing something you feel strongly about.

Part Four Writing and Translation

2. Translation Practice

参考译文

我们偶尔会感到伤心、愤怒、恐惧以及沮丧。这些情感会藏在心里,并继续在我们内心起作用。这些没有得以表达的情感最终会表现出来。比如伤心,可以由眼泪来表示,无论是流出来了还是没有流出来,眼泪依然存在。我们的伤心没有得以表达时,眼泪留在体内,身体就会膨胀,实际上会使我们体重增加。愤怒、沮丧的情感受压抑的话,则会导致暴力行为,正如恐惧和抑郁会导致自我封闭甚至自杀。埋藏在心里的仇恨往往会使人内心愤怒,从而成疾。我们的情感直接影响我们的身体健康。我们可以控制自己的思维,我们可以享受身心健康。这个过程从概念上来讲很简单,而且也是很有可能的,前提是我们要遵循那些幸运的规律。

3. Writing

1) How to Manage Stress

Sample 1

As university students, we are lucky to have a chance to learn more things. And college life is beautiful. But college is not students’ paradise. We must face many difficulties which come from not only our study, but also our daily lives. These difficulties bear down on us with the weight of Mount Tai. The stress is harmful to students’ health. We must manage it. Here is how: You can speak out or write down your stress. When you are depressed, you can tell one of your intimate friends all your troubles. Then he or she will give you a few words of comfort. You will feel better after that. Also you can write down all your troubles, and read them again and again. When you are bored with them, you will worry less about them.

If you don’t like speaking or writing, you can go out with your friends. You can go camping, fishing, swimming, skating and things like that. But you must throw yourself into it. Then you will be happy and forget all your stress. You may be tired after that, and you will sleep like a log till broad daylight. The next day, everything will be all right.

Remember that stress is dangerous to your health, but you can manage it. Why not start now? (220 words)

Sample 2

There are all kinds of stress in our daily lives such as stress from work, stress from study and

stress from examinations. How to manage stress is thus a very important problem that we have to deal with properly.

I think stress itself doesn’t exist. It’s only because we consider things to be bad and regard all of them as our own fault and won’t forgive ourselves.

As we all know, there is nothing you can do without error. So it’s impossible to expect everything to be perfect. If we have done our best, although not successfully, there is nothing to regret. And we don’t have to blame ourse lves continuously. In fact we have done a quite good job. Then we will feel the stress less. We will stay healthy and do well in the future. Eventually we will be successful. (141 words)

2) How to Stay Healthy

Sample 1

Everyone wants to be healthy. But not all of us know how to stay healthy.

To stay healthy, you must not eat too much fat. This is the best way to lower the amount of cholesterol in the blood.

To stay healthy, you should spend more time playing basketball, volleyball, and so on. Exercise is essential. It helps to build our bodies and keep the different parts of our bodies working together.

To stay healthy, you must take care of yourself. You should pay attention to the things that you are doing.

To stay healthy, you must get rid of bad habits such as smoking and excessive drinking. It really is never too late to quit smoking or heavy drinking.

To stay healthy, you should have a good hobby. If you are not interested in anything, it means that you have more chances to fall ill.

Every person has his or her own way to stay healthy. These are only some of the common ways that everyone can follow. (169 words)

Sample 2

Now we are all far away from our families, so a healthy body is crucial for us. But how do we stay healthy? The following is my opinion.

Firstly, develop good living habits. At the proper time do the proper things, such as eating, sleeping, exercising, and studying. Keep at it, and you’ll do more and better things within a limited time.

Secondly, exercise is a traditional way to keep healthy and it is extremely effective. Being students, we have to sit at our desks for most of the day. If we don’t spare some time for exercise, fat, as well as some toxic substances, will accumulate in our body, and cause us much trouble. In addition, exercise is a good way for us to release our emotions. There are so many unpleasant things on campus that we have to taste all kinds of bitterness. When you feel depressed, you may go to the playground and r un as fast as possible. When you feel tired, you’ll find that bitterness is merely a piece of cake. The future is still splendid.

Outside the family, we have to adjust ourselves to new conditions all the time. We should remember that it is the greatest pleasure for our parents to see us in good health. (212 words)

3) Emotions and Health

Sample

Everyone wants to be healthy, but what affects health? Health is connected not only with food but also with emotions.

There is an old saying: Laughter is the best medicine. Experiments show that when one is angry, there are various kinds of toxic substances produced in the blood. It can do great harm to one’s health. Most people who live long are often in a good mood. And they are mostly optimists or realists.

Many doctors and psychologists now realize that good emotions sometimes can be of more help to one’s health than medicine. If a patient always thinks that he is sure to die, how can he try to fight off his disease?

“Smile a happy smile and one will be ten years younger.” That may be a bit exaggerated. But emotions really have something to do with health. (140 words)

新编大学英语教案(第二册)_unit2communicationproblems

新编大学英语教案(第二册)_U n i t2 C o m m u n i c a t i o n P r o b l e m s -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

Unit Two Communication problems Teaching Objectives 1. Let the students have some ideas of the common ways we usually use in our daily life to communicate. 2. Make the students find the efficient ways to communicate with each other. 3. Let the students come up with the ways to avoid misunderstandings. Teaching allotment six academic hours Focus points 1.key words and phrases assume, conflict, convey, emphasis, ignore, misinterpret, react, verge, feel like, for effect, on the verge of, pull out, take----lightly 2.difficult sentences 1) When Martians and Venusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. 2) So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. 3) To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. 3.grammar focus prefix “mis---”的不同意义 Related Information It is well-known that learning a second language is never easy, and, generally speaking, the older one is when one attempts a new language, the more difficult it becomes. This is at least partly due to what is known as language interference, meaning that the linguistic patterns of our first language interfere with those of the second because no two languages have exactly the same sounds and grammatical structures. The English language has a very large vocabulary because it has incorporated words from many other languages over the centuries. This is nowhere more apparent than in its color words. For example, there are many words that express the color “purple”, describing its different shades and hues: mauve, violet, lilac, or lavender. An interesting 2

新编大学英语第三册课文翻译共23页

Unit 1 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。 相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持

不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。 如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感:1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。 2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。 3.内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。 4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。 6.接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如,如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术,要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心,你们还是好朋友,但你的烹饪技术也许确实

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译一善良之心,久久相依当时我没有意识到,是爸爸帮我保持平衡奥古斯塔斯 , J , 布洛克 1 随着我渐渐长大,当别人看见我和爸爸在一起,我会觉得很尴尬。他身材矮小,走起路来跛得很厉害。我们一起走时,他要把手搭在我的肩上才能保持平衡,人们就会盯着我们看。对这种不必要的注意我觉得非常难堪。他也许曾注意到,或着觉得烦恼,但他从来没有流露出来。2 要协调我们的步伐并不容易,他(的步子)一瘸一拐的,我(走起来)则缺乏耐心。因此,我们走路的时候并不怎么说话。但出发时,他总是说:“你定步伐,我会尽量跟上。”3 我们通常在家和地铁之间来往,这是他上班的必由之路。不论生病还是碰到恶劣的天气他都去上班,几乎没有旷过一天工。即使别人无法上班,他也要去办公室。对他来说这是一种自豪。4 当地上有冰或雪的时候,即使有人帮忙他也无法走路。这时,我或者我的姐妹就用孩子玩的雪撬拉着他,穿过纽约布鲁克林的街道,直到地铁的入口处。一到那儿,他就能紧紧抓住扶手一直走下去, 地铁道里比较暖和,下面的楼梯不结冰。曼哈顿的地铁站正好是他办公楼的地下室,因此除了从布鲁克林我们去接他的地方到回家为止,他都不用再出去。5 一个成年男子要有多少勇气才能承受这种屈辱和压力,我现在想来惊讶不已。他从没有痛苦或抱怨,他是怎么做到这一步的我感到不可思议。6 他从不把自己当作同情的对象,也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。他在别人身上所寻找的是一颗“善心”。如果他找到了一颗善心,那么有这么颗心的人对他来说就是一位大好人了。7 由于年龄的增长,我相信那是一种用来判断人的恰当的标准,尽管我还不能精确地知道什么是一颗“善心”。但是,当我自己没有的时候,我是知道的。8 尽管很多活动我爸爸不能参加,但他还是尽量用某种方式参与。当本地的一支棒球队发现缺经理的时候,他使它维持下去。他是一个很懂行的棒球迷,经常带我去埃贝茨球场看布鲁克林的道奇队打球。

英语课后翻译答案新

U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前,这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议,我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静,但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。

新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

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【1-A】 A Good Heart to Lean On ore than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Augustus J. Bullock [1] When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on. [2] It was difficult to coordinate our steps—his halting, mine impatient—and because of that, we didn't say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. ” [3] Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was how he got to work. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not. It was a matter of pride for him. [4] When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sisters or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn , N.Y. , on a child's sleigh to the subway entrance. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept ice-free. In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home. [5] When I think of it now, I marvel at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such indignity and stress. And I marvel at how he did it—without bitterness or complaint. [6] He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a “good heart”, and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him. [7] Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still don't know precisely what a “good heart” is. But I know the times I don't have one myself. [8] Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. He was a knowledgeable baseball fan and often took me to Ebbets Field to see the Brooklyn Dodgers play. He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. [9] On one memorable occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. He wasn't content to sit and watch, but he couldn't stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, “I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! I'll fight anyone who will sit dow n with me! ” [10] Nobody did. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive even before the bout began. [11] I now know he participated in some things vicariously through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too. When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. ” Those words were never said aloud. [12] He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of another's good fortune, when I don't have a “good heart”. [13] At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, “You se t the pace. I will try to adjust to you.” ( 703 words)

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Unit 1 Personality羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感:1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。3.内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。6.接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如,如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术,要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心,你们还是好朋友,但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。7.记住,每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历,从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机,随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如,你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而,

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以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间,谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标,而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生,还有几个孩子受了伤,其中有一个小女孩,8岁左右,她的双腿被炸伤。 3 几小时后,医疗救援小组到了。救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。如果不立即采取行动,显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血,但是他们的医药用品很有限,没有血浆,因此需要相配血型的血。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适,而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。 5 这位医生会讲一点越南语,忽视会讲一点法语,但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语,只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言,结合大量的手势,努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说,除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴,否则她将必死无疑。接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求,孩子们(只是)瞪大眼睛,一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而,只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血,他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿,一只小手慢慢地举了起来,然后垂了下去,一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢,谢谢,”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字?” 8 “兴,”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上,手臂用酒精消毒后,针就扎了进去。在整个过程中,兴僵直地躺着,没有出声。 10 过了一会儿,他发出了一声长长的抽泣,但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴,疼吗?”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头,但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来,并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他,兴又摇了摇头。 13 但现在,偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。他紧紧地闭着眼睛,用拳头堵住嘴想竭力忍住哭泣。 14 现在医疗小组非常担忧,因为针不该使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。显然出了问题。恰好这时,一名越南护士前来帮忙。看到小男孩在哭,她用越南话很快地和他说话。听了小男孩的回答后,又立即回答他。护士一边说,一边俯身轻轻拍着小男孩的头,她的声音亲切柔和。 15 一会儿,小男孩不再哭了,他睁开眼睛,用询问的目光看着越南护士。护士点了点头,小男孩的脸上马上露出了宽慰的神色。 16 越南护士抬起头平静地对两名美国人说:“他以为自己快死了。他误解了你们,以为你们要他献出所有的血,小女孩才能活下来。” 17 “那他为什么会愿意这么做呢?”海军护士问。 18 越南护士把这个问题向小男孩重复了一遍。小男孩简单地回答道:“她是我的朋友。” 19 他为了朋友甘愿献出自己的生命,没有比这更伟大的爱了。 没有言语的交流 1 当你学一门外语的时候,你一定要学词汇和语法,但这些还远远不够。要想成功地进行交流,你还必须学习该文化的非言语语言,或者说“身势语”。身势语是一个术语,是我们用来描述那些可以传递信息的脸部表情,手势以及其他身体动作的术语。这种交流方式非常重要,实际上我们用动作表达的信息可以比用言语表达的信息更多。 2 有时候我们发现说一门外语很困难,因为我们可能不了解另一种文化的非言语信号,或者说那些信号在我们自己文化中的含义可能迥然不同。例如,在世界上不同的地方,上下点头的动作就传递不同的信息。在北美,该动作表示“我同意”。在中东地区,向下点头表示“我同意”,而向上抬头表示“我不

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新视野大学英语(第二版)读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA:她连水都不愿意喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女,他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会,也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说,但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣,也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.

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