山东省青岛市2015年中考英语试题及答案解析

青岛市2015年初中学业水平考试

英语试题

（考试时间:120分钟;满分：120分）

友情提示：Hi,亲爱的同学，欢迎你参加本次考试，祝你答题成功！

本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共五道大题。第Ⅰ卷包含：单项选择和阅读理解，共35个小题；第Ⅱ卷包含：综合填空A、B、C,阅读表达A、B、C和书面表达。所有题目均在答题卡上作答，在试题上作答无效。

第Ⅰ卷（共35分）

Ⅰ.单项选择从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能够完成或回答这一小题的最佳答案。(共20道小题，每小题1分，共20分)

1．Jack's hobby is to play chess

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. / 2．Robert Hunt sometimes advises the students common problems.

A. in

B. about

C. with

D. for 3．Yesterday Lucy told us such good that we are all amazed at it.

A. news

B. ideas

C. suggestion

D. answer 4．—I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know it will arrive?

—Usually it comes by 4:00 p.m.

A. how

B. where

C. when

D. what 5．—How is Susan?

—Oh, I see her because she lives abroad.

A. always

B. often

C. almost

D. hardly 6．This camera is t oo expensive. I’d like a one.

A. cheap

B. cheaper

C. cheapest

D. more expensive

7. The meat on the plate so delicious. Let's try it together.

A. smells

B. sounds

C. sees

D. feels 8．You return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.

A. have to

B. can’t

C. mustn’t

D. needn’t

9．They heard the party was because of exam.

A. put on

B. put up

C. put off

D. put down

10．A smile nothing, but gives much.

A. costs

B. spends

C. cost

D. spend

11．The traffic signs warn people after drinking.

A. to drive

B. not to drive

C. driving

D. don’t drive 12．—How many times Carl to the Great Wall?

—Only once.

A. does ;go

B. did; go

C. has; gone

D. has; been

13．We to start at once, or we will miss the train.

A. tell

B. have told

C. are told

D. told 14．The movie is so interesting that I don’t seeing it again tomorrow.

A. enjoy

B. mind

C. keep

D. finish 15．—Listen! There someone at the door.

—It must be your sister.

A. is; knocking

B. is; knock

C. are; knocking

D. are; knock

16．At school, we are taught knowledge how to behave well.

A. neither; nor

B. either; or

C. not only; but also

D. not; but 17．My parents are always worried about what will happen if I .

A. succeeded

B. won’t succeed

C. will fail

D. fail

18．I’m going to graduate from my school soon, but I’ll it forever.

A. be friends with

B. be thankful to

C. keep away from

D. fall in love with

19．I wonder .

A. how will you celebrate Thanksgiving

B. that the Water Festival is really fun.

C. what do people eat on the Mid-Autumn Festival

D. whether you will make resolution on New Year’s Day 20．—My cousin has a sore throat.

—She’d better .

A. drink water with honey

B. see a dentist

C. take a shower

D. get an X-ray

Ⅱ.阅读理解阅读下面短文，作出正确判断或选出最佳答案。A篇为判断正（A）误（B）题，B、C篇为选择题(共15道小题，每小题1分，共20分)

A

An important part of learning something is making sure you plan your time and use it well. If you want to remember

22. Make sure to review as much as possible every time.( )

23. You’ll feel more awake after a 45-minute break while studying. ( )

24. If you worry too much, you can’t learn well. ( )

25. You should stay up late the night before exams. ( )

B

Dear Alan,

Guess what? I have a chance to choose my new place to live in! I’m excited and a little nervous. Could you please give me some help?

I’m not sure whether I will live in a house or in an apartment. On the one hand, a house will be too big for just one person, so maybe I should rent an apartment. On the other hand, if I rent a house, I could find someone else to share with me. The only problem is that a house full of people might be too noisy for me. I prefer to have my own space. The city has some nice apartments, but they are also too expensive. However, if I could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet. You know I can’t live with someone who is loud and messy. I don’t have a car, so I also need to think carefully about the location. I probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station. That way I will have more time to study and spend less time travelling.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Love, Victor

26. Victor feels excited because .

A. he has a new house to live in

B. he can decide where to live

C. he is going to see Alan

D. Alan helped him out with his problem

27. Victor wants to share the house with a(an) person.

A. neat and quiet

B. outgoing and messy

C. neat and loud

D. quiet and messy

28. If Victor finds a roommate, he will .

A. waste money

B. buy a car

C. save money

D. have more time to study

29. Victor doesn’t have a car, so he wants .

A. a two bed-room apartment

B. to ask Alan for help

C. to have his own space

D. a place with convenient traffic

30. According to the passage, the underlined word “travelling” means in Chinese.

A. 观光旅行

B. 路途奔波

C. 广为流传

D. 跋山涉水

C

When he was a teenager, Hunter Adam was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental(心理的) health problems.

When he left the hospital, Adam decided to become a doctor, so he went to a medical school in Virginia, USA. But when he was there, he did things in a different way. For example, he didn’t like the doctor’s white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams because he was too different.

But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital and often dressed up like a clown to make the children laugh

When he finished medical school and become a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “the Gusundheit Institute”，together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people.

Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1988, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film, Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said,:”hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend. I enjoyed playing him.”

31. When did Adams have mental health problems?

A. after he left medical school

B. during the 1980s

C. When he was a teenager boy

D. after the film came out

32. Why did the doctors at the medical school dislike Adams?

A. because he was a warm person

B. because he had mental health problem

C. because he was a clown

D. because he wasn’t the same as others

33. The Gusundheit Institute

A. was a hospital

B. belonged to Universal Pictures

C. could make films

D. was a medical school

34. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. Adams wore shirts instead of white uniforms when visiting patients

B. Robin Williams believed that patients need a doctor who is a friend.

C. In Adams’ opinion, not only medicine was needed for patients

D. Robin Williams was an actor

35. The passage mainly tells us about

A. how to cheer up patients

B. people with mental health problems

C. a film about Adams

D. a doctor named Hunter Adams

第Ⅱ卷（共55分）

Ⅲ.综合填空(共20道小题，每小题1分，共20分)

A.用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。（6分）

1．Laura usually beautiful music to get relaxed.

2．Be careful! She the cup with hot water.

3．In the future, humans more secrets of nature.

4.To our surprise, the problem by the expert three days ago.

5．to your parents is a good way to communicate with them.

6. —Where are you going on vacation this summer?

— I it yet.

B.根据句意和所给汉语，完成句子。每空一词。（6分）

1．My uncle has taught (自己)French since the year before last.

2．We have nothing (反对)running.

3．In the famous competition, (获胜者)always get very good prize.

4．Town Cinema has the (最差的)service in our city.

5．You will not make progress (除非)you study hard.

6．When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help (礼貌地)

C.选择恰当的单词填空。每词限用一次。（有两个多余的选项）（8分）

Should teenagers be asked to move out when they start working? People in different countries have different .In many Western countries, teenagers are allowed to move out at the age of . Their parents believe that they should be to care for themselves from an early age. In this way, when they start working, they can their own lives. In most Asian societies, ,it is not common for teenagers to move out. Chinese parents believe that is better for children to live with parents who can take care of

them. But the young should then look after their parents when they get . That is why many Chinese adults continue to live with their parents, even they get married.

Ⅳ.阅读表达（共20分）

A

请根据图表和文字信息，完成短文。每空不超过两个词。（每空1分，共5分）

Amount of Electricity Used

This graph show the amount(数量) of electricity used in a small city. It is clear that the city uses more electricity in than in . In summer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m. This is probably ______ the high temperature at noon. In winter, people use the most electricity at . The graph also shows the amount of electricity used from 6 a.m. to 12 p.m. The amount of electricity use decreases (减少)from 6 p.m. to 12 a.m.

B

阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务。（共8分）

Where is the true home of hamburger?

The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger? Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.

Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.

Other people believe that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.

The third possible inventor of the hamburger was Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,”from Seymour. He said that in 1885 he invented the world’s first hamburgers. Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. In 1989, it was the home of the world’s largest ever burger—over 2,500kg!

任务一请根据短文内容，完成句子。每空一词。（2分）

1.There are three American cities in this passage. They are Athens, And .

2.When there was no more at the1885 fair, the Menches brothers used minced

beef .

任务二请根据短文内容，用英语表达①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。（1分）

任务三请根据短文内容，猜测②处划线单词coincidentally 的中文意思。将其字母代号填写在答题卡上。

（1分） A 幸运地 B 碰巧地 C 相反地

任务四请根据短文内容，回答问题。（1分）

How often is the invention the hamburger celebrated in Seymour? .

任务五请从文中找出与Mongolians possibly invented minced beef a long time ago. 意思相近的句子。（1分）

_________________________________________________________________________________

任务六请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个词。（2分）

It ‘s mainly about .

C

阅读下面短文，按要求完成各项任务。（共7分）

The power of humor

An old saying goes ”Laughter is the best medicine.” It’s true that laughter is really good for our health. So, the next time you’re feeling stressed, try to laugh a lot, ①develop a sense of humor and watch funny fi lms.

The Comic Relief charity, an organization that helps people in need, uses laughter to raise money. Every two years in spring, many English people put on a red nose, make a fool of themselves and do ”silly” things to make themselves and others laugh. Examples of silly things you can do are:

▲Invite friends round to your house to watch funny films. They have to pay to watch the films—those with the most comfortable chairs pay more—and for food and drinks.

▲Hold a talent show at school and ask your friends and teachers to sing, dance or tell jokes. Sell tickets for the show to the rest of the school.

▲Have a red nose party at your house. All your friends come dressed in red—including red nose—and you serve red food and drinks. If they don’t wear red, they have to pay a fine.

▲Get the students in your school to make funny sculptures(雕塑)using all kinds of materials. Sell tickets to your Red Nose Day exhibition and part of the money goes to Comic Relief.

The organization has helped people for more than 20 years. And how much have they collected since the first Red Nose Day? Over￡600 million!②. In New Zealand, for example, people have made big red noses which they put on the front of cars and even buildings.

任务一请根据短文内容，把相关的信息匹配。将Ⅱ栏的字母代号填写在答题卡上。（每小题1分，共3分）

1. 2. 3.

ⅠⅡ

1. the Comic Relief charity A. pay a fine

2. in New Zealand B. big red nose on buildings

3. a red nose party C. raise money

任务二请根据短文内容，将①处划线词组develop a sense of humor 译成汉语。（1分）

任务三请根据短文内容，对下面句子做出正（T）误（F）判断。（1分）.

Comic Relief can’t get all the money from the Red Nose Day exhibition

任务四请根据短文内容，回答问题。（1分）

Why do many English people do “silly” things sometimes? ____________________ .

任务五选择合适的句子填入②处，使文章合理通顺。将句子的字母代号填写在答题卡上。（1分）

A. So more charities have been opened around the world.

B. Red Nose Day has become something special for English people.

C. The idea of Red Nose Day has traveled to other countries, too.

Ⅴ.书面表达（共15分）

现在，很多中学生被近视困扰，请就此现象写一篇短文谈谈你的看法。

内容包括：1. 造成近视的原因；

2. 近视对学习或生活的影响；

3. 你认为应该如何保护视力？（至少两条建议）

要求：1. 字数80-100字。开头已给出，不计入总字数。

2. 文中不得出现真实的校名与人名。

参考词汇：eyesight n. 视力nearsighted adj. 近视的

have good eyesight 视力好have bad eyesight 视力差

1、D

【句意】杰克的兴趣爱好是下棋。

【解析】本题考查的是play的用法。

①表示“玩”，后接“牌、游戏、棋类”等名词。此时这些名词前不用冠词。

②表示“打(踢)球”、“参加(体育活动、比赛)”等。此时表示球类名词前不加冠词。

③表示“吹、拉、弹、演奏”，此时乐器名词前要加定冠词。

2、B

【句意】罗伯特·亨特有时就学生的常见问题提出建议。

【解析】本题考查的是advise的用法。

advise sb about/on sth. 向某人就某事提出建议

3、A

【句意】昨天露西告诉我们如此好的消息以至于我们都惊呆了。

【解析】本题考查的是such ……that……的用法。

①选项A(news)是不可数名词，因此在good前面不能加不定冠词a，而且符合句意，故正确。

②选项B (ideas)与后面的it矛盾，故错误。

③选项C (suggestion)是可数名词，因此要在good前面加不定冠词a，故错误。

④选项D (answer)是可数名词，因此要在good前面加不定冠词a，而且与句意不符，故错误。

4、C

【句意】我正在等邮件，你知道它什么时间发过来？

通常在下午4点前会收到。

【解析】本题考查的是宾语从句的用法。

根据答语Usually it comes by 4:00 p.m.可以判断使用when作引导词。

5、D

【句意】苏珊怎么样？

奥！我几乎见不着她因为她在国外居住。

【解析】本题考查的是单词辨析。

Always 一直；often经常；almost几乎；Hardly几乎不。

根据答语because she lives abroad.可知用hardly。

6、B

【句意】这部相机太贵了，我想要一部便宜些的相机。

【解析】本题考查的是形容词比较级的用法。

根据题意可以判断：后面的one是与前面的camera比较，因此用cheaper。

7、A

【句意】盘中的肉闻起来香气四溢，让我们一起来品尝吧！

【解析】本题考查的是感官动词做系动词的用法。

smell闻起来；sound听起来；look看起来；feel感觉起来；taste尝起来。see看，后面不能直接跟形容词。

根据句意可知用smells。

8．

D

句意】你不必现在归还这本书，如果你喜欢，你可以到下周再还。

【解析】本题考查的是单词辨析。

have to必须；can’t不能；mustn’t一定不要；needn’t不必。

根据You can keep it until next week if you like可知用needn’t。

9．

【句意】他们听说晚会因为考试推迟了。

【解析】本题考查的是短语辨析。

put on穿上；put up张贴；put off推迟；put down放下。

根据句意可知用put off。

10．

A

【句意】微笑无需付出，却给予很多。

【解析】本题考查的是单词辨析。

spend花费，主语是人,经常与on连用；cost花费，主语是物;

主语A smile是单数名词，因此谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式；故本题选costs. 11．

B

【句意】交通标志警示人们不要酒后驾车。

【解析】本题考查的是不定式的否定形式。

Warn sb. to do sth警告某人干某事；

Warn sb. not to do sth警告某人不要干某事；

12．

D

句意】卡尔去过长城多少次了？

只有一次。

【解析】本题考查的是现在完成时。

现在完成时常与表示次数的单词（once, twice, three times，etc.）连用.

通过问答，可知：去了长城回来了，因此用has been.

13．

C

【句意】我们被告知立刻出发，否则将赶不上火车。

【解析】本题考查的是被动语态。

根据句意可知，主语We不是动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者，因此要使用被动语态。14．

B

【句意】这部电影是如此有趣以至于我不介意明天再看一次。

【解析】本题考查的是mind doing sth的结构。

don’t mind doing sth.不介意干某事。

15．

A

【句意】听！有人正在敲门。

肯定是你的妹妹。

【解析】本题考查的是现在分词。

不定代词someone是单数，因此要用there is;

Listen!提示下面的动作正在发生；现在分词knocking做定语修饰someone.

16．

C

【句意】在学校，我们不仅被传授知识，而且被传授如何做到行为得体。

【解析】本题考查的是关联词的辨析。neither……nor……既不……也不……；

either……or……要么……要么……；

not only ……but also ……不但……而且……；

not ……but ……不是……而是……

17． D

句意】我父母一直担心如果我失败了，将会发生什么。 【解析】本题考查的是条件状语从句。

If 引导的条件状语从句的谓语动词使用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词使用一般将来时。

18． B

【句意】我将不久从学校毕业，但我会永远感激母校。 【解析】本题考查的是短语辨析。

Be friends with 与……交朋友；be thankful to 感激……；keep away from 远离，回避；fall in love with 爱上……

19． D

【句意】我想知道你是否将在新年做决定。

【解析】本题考查的是宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序。 wonder 后面可以连接?+?

?i h f wh ow e 疑问词（、when 、why 、wha （ther ）

t ）

宾语从句

20． A

【句意】我表姐嗓子痛。 她最好喝加蜂蜜的水。 【解析】本题考查的是日常交际用语。

drink water with honey 喝加蜂蜜的水 ；see a dentist 看牙医；take a shower 冲澡；get an X-ray 拍X 光。

Ⅱ A 21. (A)

【句意】学习知识时，你最好先制定一份学习计划。

【解析】由第一句：An important part of learning something is making sure you plan your time and use it well.可知是正确的

22. (B)

【句意】保证每次复习的知识多多益善。

【解析】由左栏第二句：Review little and often. 可知是错误的

23. (B)

【句意】学习中间休息45分钟，你会感到更加清醒。

【解析】由左栏第三句：A short break every 45 minutes is good idea. Stand up and walk around — you will feel more awake.可知是错误的

24. (A)

【句意】如果太过焦虑，你不可能学好。

【解析】由右栏第三句： If you feel nervous, you won’t learn as well as if you’re relaxed .可知是正确的

25. (B)

【句意】考前的晚上，你应该开夜车。

【解析】由右栏第一句：Studying for hours the night b efore will make you tired and your brain won’t work well.可知是错误的

【参考译文】

学习中重要的一环是保证你安排好时间而且利用好时间。如果你想牢牢记住事情，你需要复习你所学习过的知识。试着遵循以下建议

B

26.

B

【句意】维克多感到兴奋是因为他能决定住哪里

【解析】由第一段第二、三句：I have a chance to choose my new place to live in! I’m excited and a little nervous.可知选项B是正确的。

27.

A

【句意】维克多想和一个喜爱干净、性格文静的人同住。

【解析】由第二段第八句：I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet.可知选项A是正确的。

28.

C

【句意】维克多想和一个喜爱干净、性格文静的人同住。

【解析】由第二段第八句：I just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet.可知选项A是正确的。

29.

D

【句意】维克多没有车，因此他想找一个交通方便的地方。

【解析】由第二段第十一句：I probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station.可知选项D是正确的。30.

B

【句意】根据课文，划线单词“travelling”的中文意思是路途奔波。

【解析】由第二段最后一、二句：I probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station.That way I will have more time to study and spend less time travelling.可知选项B是正确的。

【参考译文】

亲爱的艾伦：

猜猜看？我有一个机会要选择新居。我既兴奋又有点紧张，你能给我一些帮助吗？

是单住还是住公寓，我犹豫不决。一方面，一个人住，房子太空，因此也许我应该租住公寓。另一方面，假如租房，我得找人同住。唯一问题是：房子里人太多，我可能会觉得太过吵闹。我更喜欢有自己的独立空间。这个城市虽然有一些漂亮的公寓，但是租金高的离谱。无论如何，假如我能找到一套二居室的公寓，而且能找到一个室友，那样可以能更负担得起。我只需要寻找一个喜爱干净、性格文静的室友。你知道，我无法与一个杂乱邋遢、性格张扬的人同住。我没有汽车，因此我需要认真考虑房子的位置。我可能需要寻找一个靠近公交站或地铁站的地方。

这样我将有更多的时间学习和少一些路途奔波。

翘盼复信！

爱你的维克多

C

31.

C

【句意】亚当斯什么时候患有心理疾病？

【解析】由第一段：When he was a teenager, Hunter Adam was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems.可知选项C是正确的。

32.

D

【句意】为什么医学院的医生不喜欢亚当斯？

【解析】由第一段：When he was a teenager, Hunter Adam was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems.可知选项D是正确的。

33.

A

【句意】The Gusundheit Institute是一家医院

【解析】由第四段：Adams opened his own hospital, called “the Gusundheit Institute”，可知选项A是正确的。

34.

B

【句意】根据文章，哪句话不正确？罗宾·威廉斯相信病人需要一个能和自己做朋友的医生。

【解析】由最后一段：hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend.亚当斯相信病人需要一个能和自己做

朋友的医生，而不是罗宾·威廉斯。故选B。

35.

D

【句意】文章主要向我们讲述了一位名叫享特·亚当斯的医生。

【解析】A.how to cheer up patients如何逗病人；文中提到此事，但不是文章的主旨。

B.people with mental health problems有心理疾病的人；显然文章并未讲述这一主题。

C.a film about Adams一部关于亚当斯的电影；不是文章的主题。

D. a doctor named Hunter Adams一位名叫享特·亚当斯的医生；这是文章的主题，文中5段展开叙述，层层深入，把享特·亚当斯比较完

整地呈现在读者面前。故选D。

【参考译文】

青少年时的享特·亚当斯很不幸，他在一家心理疾病康复医院里过了很多年。

当他离开医院时，亚当斯决定成为一名医生，因此他去了美国弗吉尼亚州的一所医学院学医。但是，在医学院，他用与众不同的方式做事。比如，

他不喜欢医生的白大褂。因此当他去看诊病人时，他穿的衬衣上面带着花，而且他会尽量让他们笑。医学院的医生不喜欢亚当斯，因为他的做法标新立异。

但是亚当斯相信医院的病人不只需要药物。他看到不幸的和孤独的人，他尽量把他们既当病人又当普通人来帮助他们。他陪医院里的孩子们渡过了许多时光，并且经常打扮的象一个小丑来逗孩子们笑。

医学院毕业后，他成了一名医生。亚当斯与其他医生开办了一家自己的医院——名叫the Gusundheit Institute。他们想把医院办成一个采用不同方式与病人一道战胜病魔的地方。

在20世纪80年代，享特·亚当斯声名远扬。在1998年，环球影业拍了一部介绍他生平的电影。电影大获成功。在电影里，罗宾·威廉斯扮演亚当斯。威廉斯说：“享特是一个真正的热心人，他相信病人需要一个能和自己做朋友的医生。我喜欢扮演他。“

第Ⅱ卷（共55分）

Ⅲ

A

1、enjoys

【句意】劳拉通常喜爱用聆听优美音乐的方式来放松。

【解析】usually通常，频率副词，常用于一般现在时，因此填enjoys

2、is filling

【句意】当心！她正在向杯子里加热水。

【解析】Be careful！Listen ！等提示下文用现在进行时来描述正在发生的事情。

fill sth. with sth. 填满

3、will discover

【句意】未来，人们将发现更多的自然之谜。

【解析】in the future未来，用于一般将来时；

宾语secrets of nature（自然之谜）应该与动词discover(发现)搭配。

4、was solved

【句意】令我们吃惊的是三天前这个问题就被专家解开。

【解析】three days ago三天前，用于一般过去时

主语the problem（这个问题）应该与动词solve(解决)搭配；

主语the problem（这个问题）是动作solve的承受者，因此用被动语态。

5、Writing

【句意】给父母写信是与他们交流的一种好方法

【解析】本题考查的是非谓语动词做句子主语的结构，通常使用动名词。

6、haven’t planned

【句意】今年夏天，你打算去哪里度假？

我还没有计划呢。

【解析】yet多用于现在完成时的否定句中。题中it代指Where are you going on vacation this summer这件事，应该与plan(计划)搭配。

B.

1、himself

【句意】我的叔叔从前年自学法语。

【解析】本题考查的是反身代词。My uncle(him)→himself

2、against

【句意】我们一点也不反对跑步。

【解析】本题考查的是介词。running(名词)应与介词连用。

3、winners

【句意】在这场著名的比赛中，获胜者总会获得不菲的奖赏。

【解析】本题考查的是名词。谓语动词是动词原形，因此前面的名词是复数形式。

4、worst

【句意】城市影院拥有我们城市里最差的服务。

【解析】本题考查的是形容词的最高级。bad→worse→worst

5、unless

【句意】除非你努力，否则你不会进步。

【解析】本题考查的是连词。Unless 引导的是条件状语从句，主句多用否定形式。

6、politely

【句意】当你去外国时，知道礼貌地去求助是至关重要的。

【解析】本题考查的是副词。polite→politely

C.

opinions

eighteen

educated

manage

however

it

older

after

【参考译文】

青少年一参加工作就应该被父母要求搬出去住吗？不同国家的人们的观点迥异。在许多西方国家，青少年年满18周岁就会被允许搬出去居住。他们的父母想信他们应该从小时候就应该接受自立的教育。在这种情况下，他们一工作就能安排好自己的生活。然而，在大多数的亚洲国家，让青少年搬出去居住的情况并非司空见惯。中国父母相信青少年和父母住在一起并受到父母的照顾更有利于他们的成长。但是，在父母年迈时，年轻人应该照顾他们。这正是许多中国人即使在结婚后还与父母住在一起的原因。

【解析】首先确定多余的选项在两对反义词中产生：after?before; older?younger

第一空：确定词性是名词，选项中只有opinions 是名词.

第二空：根据at the age of 可以确定其词性是数词，选项中只有eighteen是数词.

第三空：根据前面的should be 与后面的不定式，可以确定其词性是动词，而且是被动语态，选项中只有一个过去分词educated.

第四空：根据情态动词,可以确定其词性是动词，而且是动词原形，选项中只有manage是动词原形.

第五空：根据前后的逗号，可以确定其词性是连词，根据上下文，确定是表示转折的连词。选项中只有however是表示转折的连词.

第六空：根据“it’s adj. for sb. to do sth.”结构，只有it可以做形式主语，因此确定填it.

第七空：根据系动词get可以确定其词性是形容词，根据句意确定是older,而不是younger.

第八空：根据they get married可以确定其词性是连词，引导时间状语从句，根据句意确定是after,而不是before.

Ⅳ

A

winter

summer

because of

6 p.m .

increases

【参考译文】

这张表呈现的是一个小城市的用电量。清晰可见，该市的冬天用电量多于夏天的用电量。在夏天，人们用电的最高峰是在中午12点。这可能是因为中午的温度高。在冬天，人们用电的最高峰是在下午6点。还可以该表看出：上午6点到12点的用电量在增加，下午6点到12点的用电量在减少。

【解析】第一空：根据前面的in确定词性是名词，由图表可看出是winter.

第二空：根据前面的in确定词性是名词，由图表可看出是summer.

第三空：对照前句（In summer, people use the most electricity at 12 p.m.）与本句可知，本句是解释前句提到的用电量最多的原因。

第四空：根据前面的at确定词性是名词，表示某个时间点，由图表可看出是6p.m.

第五空：根据后句中的decrease(减少)，可以确定第五空的词性是动词，而且意思与其相反，因此可以确定是increase(增加)

B

任务一1、Hamburg Seymou

【句意】文中提到了3个美国城市。它们是：雅典、汉堡、西摩。

【解析】第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg.

第四段的第一句：Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour.

2、pork instead .

【句意】当1885年的集市上没有猪肉时，Menches兄弟用切碎的牛肉代替猪肉。

【解析】第四段的最后一句：when there was no more pork, they used minced beef.

根据句意可知：牛肉代替猪肉，instead意为:代替，而且可以放在句尾。

任务二

Fletcher Davis’s

【解析】第二段的第一句：Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers.

任务三碰巧的

【解析】第三段的第二句：its name was also Hamburg.这里的also表明：德国有个城市叫hamburger,美国也有一个城市叫hamburg.

因此可以猜出coincidentally的中文意思是：碰巧的

任务四

Every year

【解析】第四段的第三句：Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year.

任务五

The kind of beef we see in hamburgers,minced beef,was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.

【句意】蒙古人很早就发明了切碎的牛肉。

【解析】第一段的第一句：The kind of beef we see in hamburgers, minced beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago.（我们看到的汉堡包里的这种牛肉，碎牛肉，可能是蒙古人800年前发明的）

任务六the true home of hamburger.

【解析】课文标题Where is the true home of hamburger?

第一段的最后一句：Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.

【参考译文】

哪里才是汉堡包的真正的家？

我们在汉堡包中看到的牛肉，切碎的牛肉，可能是800多年前蒙古人发明的，但是，是谁吧牛肉放在两片面包之间，并取名为汉堡包的呢？美国的三个城市都宣称自己最早发明了这种美国人最喜爱的食物。

一些人说来自雅典的弗莱彻·戴维斯发明了汉堡，他被人们叫做“老戴夫“，早在19世纪80年代，他就在他的酒吧中卖这种碎牛肉三明治。几年后，他们说一群德国人把老戴夫的三明治称作”汉堡包“，因为来自德国汉堡市人吃了这种牛肉三明治。

其他人相信汉堡包来自于美国的另一个城市。巧合的是，这个城市也叫汉堡。1885年，曼彻斯兄弟在集市上买猪肉三明治，但当没有猪肉时，它们用碎牛肉代替猪肉，而且给它取个新名字“汉堡包“。

第三个汉堡包的疑似发明者是来自西摩的查理·纳格林，也以“汉堡查理“而著名。他说在1885年他发明了世界上的第一个汉堡。现在西摩每年都庆祝汉堡的发明。在1989年，它成了世界上最大汉堡包之家—这个汉堡包重达2500千克以上。

C

任务一

1. C

2. B

3. A

【解析】1.The Comic Relief charity, an organization that helps people in need, uses laughter to raise money.

2.In New Zealand, for example, people have made big red noses which they put on the front of cars and even buildings.

3.Have a red nose party at your house. If they don’t wear red, they have to pay a fine.

任务二养成幽默感

【解析】develop a sense of humor

↓↓↓↓↓

句子成分：谓语动词定语宾语后置定语

翻译主干：培养感觉

翻译分支：一种幽默的

整理语序：培养幽默感

任务三

T

【解析】Sell tickets to your Red Nose Day exhibition and part of the money goes to Comic Relief.部分善款归喜剧慈善会

这与Comic Relief can’t get all the money from the Red Nose Day exhibition

（喜剧慈善会没有全部得到从红鼻子日展览筹得的善款）是吻合的，因此是正确的。

任务四

To make themselves and others laugh .

【解析】第二段的第二句：do ”silly” things to make themselves and others laugh.

任务五C

【解析】第二段的第二句：many English people put on a red nose指出红鼻子日在英国盛行。

最后一段的最后一句：In New Zealand，for example, people have made big red noses which they put on the front of cars and even buildings.提到新西兰人们把红鼻子贴到轿车的前脸上，甚至建筑物上。

综上可见：连接句是The idea of Red Nose Day has traveled to other countries, too.

【参考译文】

幽默的力量

一句古语说“开怀大笑是最好的药“。诚然，笑确实有益于我们的健康。所以，下次你感到压力时，尝试多笑、养成幽默感、欣赏滑稽电影。

喜剧公益慈善募捐会，一个旨在帮助需要帮助的人们的组织，利用大笑来筹款。每个两年的春天，许多英国人带上红鼻子，愚弄自己而且做傻事来使他们自己和他人大笑。例如，可以做的傻事有如下四个：

邀请朋友到你家观看滑稽电影。他们必须付费才能看电影，那些坐着最舒服椅子的要多付费，而且食物和饮料也要收费。

在学校举办才艺表演，要求你的朋友和老师唱歌、跳舞或者讲笑话。学校的学生观看表演则要买票。

在你的家里举办红鼻子晚会。你的朋友来参加晚会都要穿红色衣服，包括红鼻子，而且你要用红色食品和饮料招待朋友。如果他们没有穿红色衣服，就要罚款。

让同学们使用各种材料制作滑稽的雕塑。出售你的红鼻子日展览的门票，部分的收入属于喜剧救济会。

20多年来这个组织致力于帮助别人。自从第一次红鼻子日举办以来，他们募捐到多少善款呢？超过600万英镑。红鼻子日的想法也流传到其他国家。譬如，在新西兰，人们制作大的红鼻子，把红鼻子贴到轿车的前脸上，甚至建筑物上。

Ⅴ.

【参考范文一】

Quite a lot of students have become nearsighted now. I think the main reason is that students don’t have a good habit

while studying. Bad eyesight brings trouble to our life and study. For example, if we leave our glasses at home, we can’t

take notes in class. We will feed uncomfortable when we swim with glasses. Here is my advice: on the one hand, teenagers

shouldn’t study for hours without breaks because our eyes need to relax. On the other hand, having sports and doing eye

exercise are also helpful.

It’s very important to have good eyesight. So let’s take good care of our eyes.

【参考范文二】

Qui te a lot of students have become nearsighted now. There are many reasons. Some students often play computer

Games for long. Some keep their eyes too close to the books while reading and some often read in poor light.

If we are nearsighted, you may lose some good chances for your dream jobs like pilots and policemen. So it’s

important to protect your eyes. First, you shouldn’t play computer games or watch TV too much. Second, you’d better take

breaks after reading or doing homework for a long time. Third, you’re supposed to do eye exercises regularly. If you can do

like this, you will have a good eyesight!