2018届高考英语二轮专题复习突破检测：专题三 完形填空模拟检测(五) 说明文

完形填空模拟检测(五)　说明文

(共3篇，限时50分钟)

A

What is the difference between “entertainment” and “hobbies”？Well, entertainment __1__ to be more or less passive (被动的), while hobbies are more__2__.

Watching TV or maybe a DVD continues to be the most __3__ form of home entertainment in the USA.According to US government statistics, watching TV was the leisure activity (休闲活动) that __4__ most time (2.8 hours per day), making up about half of all leisure time for those aged 15 and over.

__5__，such as visiting friends or chatting online, was the next most __6__ leisure activity, accounting for nearly three-quarters of an hour per day.

Men were more likely than women to be __7__ spectator sports (观赏性体育) — 21 per cent __8__ with a figure of 16 per cent for women.

Not __9__，on an average day, adults aged 75 and over spent 7.8 hours on leisure activities, more than any other age group.Because of the __10__ of work and managing a household, 35-to 44-year-old spent __11__ 4.3 hours on leisure activities, less than any other age group.

__12__ spent reading for personal interest and playing video games or using a computer for leisure __13__ greatly by age group.Individuals aged 75＋ averaged 1.0 hour of reading per weekend day and 26 minutes playing games or using a computer for leisure.__14__， people aged 15 to 19 read for an average of only five minutes per weekend day, __15__ spending 1.0 hour playing games or using a computer for leisure.

This pattern is already beginning to __16__.Just a few years ago, computer games and visiting social networking sites like Facebook or MySpace were almost only a(n) __17__ activity.Now, __18__，more and more adults are finding that __19__ such games can be a wonderful way of __20__ after a hard day's work.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人的家庭娱乐休闲方式。

1．A.manages B．starts

C．tends D．promises

解析：选C　此处是将“娱乐”与“爱好”进行对比，娱乐“趋向于(tends to)”被动，而爱好更“主动(active)”。

2．A.active B．pleasant

C．familiar D．mysterious

解析：选A　参见上题解析。

3．A.special B．funny

C．popular D．complex

解析：选C　由下文的“making up about half of all leisure time”可知，来自美国政府的数据显示看电视“占用(took up)”了15岁或以上人群一半的休闲时间，因此看电视或看DVD是最受美国人“欢迎的(popular)”家庭休闲方式。

4．A.saved B．found

C．set up D．took up

解析：选D　参见上题解析。

5．A.Traveling B．Analyzing

C．Socializing D．Sightseeing

解析：选C　“拜访朋友”和“在线聊天”都是“社交(Socializing)”活动。

6．https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1e17012582.html,mon B．original

C．normal D．correct

解析：选A　由下文的“nearly three-quarters of an hour per day”可知，“社交活动”是紧随“看电视”之后的又一种最“常见的(common)”休闲活动。

7．A.tired of B．proud of

C．worried about D．interested in

解析：选D　21 per cent 与16 per cent 这两个数字形成“对比(compared)”，相较于女性，男性对观赏性体育更“感兴趣(interested in)”。

8．A.mixed B．compared

C．connected D．involved

解析：选B　参见上题解析。

9．A.luckily B．suddenly

C．surprisingly D．naturally

解析：选C　75岁或以上的老人用在休闲活动上的时间是每天7.8小时，这一点也不“令

人惊讶(surprisingly)”。

10．A.future B．tastes

C．demands D．way

解析：选C　由下文的“less than any other age group”可知，由于工作和处理家庭事务方面的“需求(demands)”，35岁到44岁的人群用在休闲活动上的时间每天“只有(only)”4.3小时。

11．A.only B．even

C．still D．ever

解析：选A　参见上题解析。

12．A.Money B．Time

C．Effort D．Energy

解析：选B　由下文的数据“1.0 hour, 26 minutes, five minutes”可知，本段是指人们用在阅读和电脑游戏上的“时间(Time)”因年龄层次而有所“变化(varied)”。

13．A.spread B．varied

C．increased D．existed

解析：选B　参见上题解析。

14．A.In a word B．As a result

C．For example D．In contrast

解析：选D　本段对75岁以上的人群和15至19岁的人群用在阅读和电脑上的时间进行了

对比，故此处用In contrast。

15．A.when B．while

C．though D．unless

解析：选B　15至19岁的人群每天的阅读时间只有5分钟，“而(while)”他们会花费1个小时玩游戏或电脑。

16．A.return B．continue

C．change D．develop

解析：选C　上文指出成年人用在游戏或电脑上的时间较年轻人少，但由下文的“more and more adults are finding that __19__ such games can be a wonderful way”可知，这种模式如今正在发生“改变(change)”。

17．A.youth B．private

C．adult D．public

解析：选A　由上文的时间对比可知，几年前，玩游戏或上社交网络被认为是“年轻人(youth)”的活动。

18．A.besides B．however

C．therefore D．otherwise

解析：选B　由人们观念的变化可知，“以前成年人用在游戏和电脑上的时间少”和“越来

越多的成年人发现‘玩(playing)’电子游戏是种不错的‘放松(relaxing)’方式”之间是转折关系，故用however。

19．A.collecting B．winning

C．playing D．organizing

解析：选C　参见上题解析。

20．A.learning B．working

C．recovering D．relaxing

解析：选D　参见第18题解析。

B

Many new parents worry about the sleep patterns of their newborns.They are __1__ that their babies sleep too much.The fact is that babies sleep and it is perfectly __2__.Here are some facts about babies and sleep that may help to put the minds of __3__ parents at ease.

The reality is that newborns sleep.There is not any cause for __4__ if the babies sleep through most of the night and __5__ sleep a great deal during the day.__6__ the baby sleep reaches up to twenty hours per day, with __7__ periods of wakefulness, there is no need to worry.

One of the __8__ that babies sleep a lot is that they are still adjusting to a new environment, and experiencing rapid __9__ at the same time.A lot of sleep for babies early on is a(n) __10__ thing.Proper development demands that babies __11__ a lot.Growth hormones (荷尔蒙) are produced by the pituitary gland (脑垂体) at a much faster rate while babies sleep.

Some parents __12__ that their babies' sleeping too much indicates some deficiency (缺陷) in their __13__ skills.This is not the case at all.As long as parents are making sure the baby is in a __14__ environment, is well-fed, is kept clean, and is held close during periods of __15__， there is no deficiency going on at all.Babies sleep because they __16__ it, not to escape parents who are inattentive or __17__ in some manner.Of course, as the child ages, parents will play a more active role in __18__ the child to develop sleeping patterns that are in line with the rest of the household, but that will come over __19__.Therefore, new parents should not conclude that they are __20__ to do a good job.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章为新手父母解开了婴儿嗜睡之谜。

1．A.concerned B．guilty

C．curious D．annoyed

解析：选A　根据上句中的“worry about”可知，新手父母“担心(concerned)”婴儿睡觉过多。

2．A.simple B．certain

C．special D．normal

解析：选D　根据第二段中的“The reality is that newborns sleep.”及“there is no

need to worry”可知，婴儿嗜睡是很“正常的(normal)”。

3．A.strong-minded B．single-minded

C．full-time D．first-time

解析：选D　根据第一段第一句中的“new parents”可知，本文主要是宽慰“第一次(first-time)”做父母的人。

4．A.alarm B．caution

C．complaint D．horror

解析：选A　根据上一句内容及本段末的“there is no need to worry”可知，不必因为婴儿几乎整夜睡觉，白天“仍然(still)”睡很长时间而“惊慌(alarm)”。

5．A.just B．seldom

C．still D．already

解析：选C　参见上题解析。

6．A.Every time B．Even if

C．Now that D．Soon after

解析：选B　“即使(Even if)”婴儿的睡觉时间达到一天20个小时也不必担忧。

7．A.early B．late

C．long D．short

解析：选D　根据本空前的“twenty hours per day”可知，一天睡20个小时的话，清醒的时间应该很“短(short)”。

8．A.rules B．reasons

C．examples D．goals

解析：选B　本句中的“they are still adjusting to ...at the same time”是婴儿嗜睡的“原因(reasons)”之一。

9．A.growth B．increase

C．recovery D．formation

解析：选A　根据本段中的“development”， “Growth hormones (荷尔蒙)”及常识可知，婴儿的“成长(growth)”速度很快。

10．A.private B．good

C．interesting D．easy

解析：选B　根据本段最后一句内容可知，婴儿睡觉的时候，脑垂体分泌成长荷尔蒙的速度更快，因此早期的婴儿多睡觉是件“好(good)”事，婴儿的正常成长需要他们多“睡觉(sleep)”。

11．A.eat B．rest

C．sleep D．play

解析：选C　参见上题解析。

12．A.admit B．understand

C．realize D．think

解析：选D　一些家长“认为(think)”婴儿睡觉过多表明他们“育儿(parenting)”技能不足。

13．A.learning B．management

C．parenting D．communication

解析：选C　参见上题解析。

14．https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1e17012582.html,fortable B．silent

C．separate D．natural

解析：选A　根据常识可知，婴儿需要待在“舒适的(comfortable)”环境中，当他们“醒

着(wakefulness)”的时候，要把他们抱紧点。

15．A.wakefulness B．happiness

C．study D．exercise

解析：选A　参见上题解析。

16．A.love B．mean

C．need D．accept

解析：选C　根据上段内容可知，婴儿嗜睡是因为他们的成长“需要(need)”充足的睡眠。

17．A.inactive B．inadequate

C．inconvenient D．indifferent

解析：选B　根据本段中的“deficiency”及“inattentive”可知，这里指婴儿嗜睡不是

为了躲避疏忽大意、“不胜任的(inadequate)”父母。

18．A.persuading B．helping

C．advising D．allowing

解析：选B　随着孩子慢慢长大，家长要积极“帮助(helping)”他们培养与全家人一致的

睡眠模式。

19．A.time B．energy

C．patience D．practice

解析：选A　根据本句中的“as the child ages”可知，随着“时间(time)”的推移，等孩子们大一些，家长才需要培养孩子的睡眠模式。

20．A.continuing B．stopping

C．failing D．trying

解析：选C　根据本段中的“This is not the case at all.”及“there is no deficiency going on at all”可知，作者认为新手父母不应该认为自己“未能(failing)”做

好为人父母应该做的工作。

C

Laziness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazy means you have no __1__ to do anything. Many people are __2__ themselves to be someone who is lazy. In this article, I am going to __3__ with you something that will help you see this state of inaction in a(n) __4__ way.

Lazy people are often seen as useless. __5__，are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy? Acting lazy is suggesting that your laziness is __6__. But being lazy suggests that it lasts long. Many people are not really lazy; they __7__ are people who are temporarily acting that way.

So what __8__ a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough __9__ to do something, he will do it. People who don't __10__ to do anything just haven't found a good enough reason to do it. __11__ students don't study because they don't see the __12__ in studying. If you give them a reason, a strong enough reason, they will take __13__. For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone __14__ you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to clean out the garage, would someone __15__ a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or negative __16__ it is strong enough to help you take action.

The bottom line of knowing how to __17__ laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action. Action will __18__ success while inaction will result in __19__. To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is help him find enough __20__ to work towards a certain goal.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了懒惰是一种无所事事的状态，分析了懒惰的原因，并提出了相应的改进措施。

1．A.courage B．question

C．time D．motivation

解析：选D　根据语境可知，懒惰意味着你没有做任何事情的动力。也可根据文章最后一句

中的“To motivate someone who is lazy”推知，此处应选motivation，意为“动机，兴趣”。故选D。

2．A.agreeing B．denying

C．considering D．refusing

解析：选C　根据语境可知，许多人认为自己是个懒惰的人。consider sb. to be sth./sb.为固定用法，意为“认为……是……”，符合语境。故选C。

3．A.argue B．share

C．compete D．compare

解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处表示，在此文中，“我”将与你分享一些东西让你认清这

种不作为的状态。share with为固定搭配，意为“与……分享”，符合语境。故选B。

4．A.different B．interesting

C．ordinary D．primary

解析：选A　根据下文所讲的内容可知，此处表示“以不同的方式”与你分享。A项意为

“不同的”，符合语境。故选A。

5．A.Otherwise B．Besides

C．However D．Therefore

解析：选C　根据语境可知，懒惰的人常常被认为一无是处。然而，他们是真的懒惰还是表现得懒惰呢？前后表示转折，且用逗号隔开，故应用转折副词however连接。故选C。

6．A.correct B．false

C．temporary D．inspirational

解析：选C　由“But”一词可知，此处应与下文“lasts long”形成对比，且与下文“temporarily acting that way”照应。故此处应指“暂时的”，C项符合语境。故选C。

7．A.simply B．occasionally

C．often D．hardly

解析：选A　根据语境可知，许多人并不是真的懒惰，他们只是暂时想懒散一下罢了。此处与上文中的“really”形成对比。A项意为“只是”，符合语境。故选A。

8．A.stops B．causes

C．discourages D．demands

解析：选B　根据下文“The answer is a lack of goals.”可知，此处指的应该是其原因，即是什么让一个人变得不作为呢？B项意为“引起”，符合语境。故选B。

9．A.worry B．gift

C．fear D．purpose

解析：选D　上文说一个人不作为是因为缺乏目标，此处表示如果你给某个人足够明确的目标去做些事情，他一定会去做。D项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选D。

10．A.want B．devote

C．take D．come

解析：选A　根据语境可知，不想做事的人只是没有找到一个足够好的理由去做事。A项意

为“想要”，符合语境。故选A。

11．A.Hard-working B．Lazy

C．Young D．Confused

解析：选B　上文主要讲的是懒惰的人及其懒惰的原因。根据上下文可知，不学习的学生应该是懒惰的学生，故选B。

12．A.point B．success

C．situation D．difficulty

解析：选A　根据语境可知，懒惰的学生不学习是因为他们没有看出学习的意义。the

point in doing sth.意为“做某事的意义”，符合语境。故选A。

13．A.part B．place

C．action D．control

解析：选C　根据语境可知，如果你给他们一个理由，一个有足够说服力的理由，他们肯定会采取行动。此处也与上文的“he will do it”相照应。take action为固定搭配，意为“采取行动”，符合语境。故选C。

14．A.lent B．owed

C．borrowed D．offered

解析：选D　句意为：比如，如果你太懒惰了以至于不想去体育馆，那么，有人主动给你一百万美元你愿意去吗？D项意为“主动提供”，符合语境。故选D。

15．A.firing B．pointing

C．shooting D．hiding

解析：选B　句意为：如果你太懒惰了以至于不愿意清理车库，那么，有人拿枪指着你的头会让你采取行动吗？point ... to意为“把……指向……”，符合语境。故选B。

16．A.so that B．as soon as

C．in spite of D．as long as

解析：选D　根据语境可知，无论原因是积极主动的还是消极被动的，只要理由充分，就足以让你采取行动。D项意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选D。

17．A.win B．fight

C．overcome D．ban

解析：选C　上文分析了懒惰的表现和原因，文章最后一段讲的是如何克服懒惰情绪。根据语境可知，此处应表示如何克服懒惰，归根结底是要找到足够的理由采取行动。C项意为“克服”，符合语境。故选C。

18.A.result from B．fight for

C．ask for D．lead to

解析：选D　根据语境以及逻辑关系可知，行动会带来成功。D项意为“导致，引起”，符

合语境。故选D。

19．A.influence B．failure

C．pressure D．happiness

解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处应与上半句中的“success”形成对比，表示“不作为将会导致失败”。B项意为“失败”，符合语境。故选B。

20．A.reasons B．money

C．energy D．confidence

解析：选A　根据语境可知，为了激发懒惰的人，你需要做的就是帮助他找到足够的理由朝着目标奋斗。A项意为“理由”，在上文也多次出现，符合语境。故选A。

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