必修1unit2课文文本讲解

第二单元

Reading 阅读

THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH

At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke

English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their

first, second or foreign language than ever before.

通向现代英语之路

在16世纪末，大约有五至七百万人讲英语。几乎所有这些讲英语的人都住在英格兰。在其后的一个世纪中，英格兰人为征服世界航海到了世界其他一些

地方，结果世界的其他地方的人们也开始说英语了。今天，把英语作为自己的第一语言、第二语言或外语来使用的人比以往任何时候都多。

1._____the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people

2._____(speak) English. Nearly all of them lived in England.

3._____(late) in the next century, people from England made voyages

4.______ (conquer) other parts of the world and because of that, English began to

5._____(speak) in many other

countries. Today, more people speak English 6.____ their first, second 7._____ foreign language than ever before.

Native English speakers can

understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:

British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?

American Amy: Yes, I’d like to come up to your apartment.

以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他们也能彼此听懂。请看看这个例子：

英国人贝蒂：来看看我的公寓吗？

美国人艾米：好的，我来看看你的公寓吧。

So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when culture s meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken

today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then graduall y between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched

the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to

Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.

那么，随着时间的推移英语为什么发生了变化呢？实际上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展和变化。开始，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150年之间所说的英语与我们今

天所说的英语很不一样。当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，不像我们现在说的英语。后来，大约在公元800年至1150年之间，英语慢慢变得不那么像德语，因为统治英格兰的那些人开始是说丹麦语，后来说法语。这些新来的定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是丰富了英

语词汇。所以到17世纪初的时候，莎士比亚能够得以使用比以往任何时候都丰富的词汇。1620年一些英国定居者来到了美洲，后来到了18世纪的时候，一些英国人还被带到了澳大利亚。英语也就开始在这两个国家使用。

So why has English 1._____(change)

over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate 2._____ each other. At first the English 3._____(speak) in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different 4._____ the English spoken

today. It was based more 5._____ German than the English we speak 6._____ present. Then7._____(gradual) between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those 8.______ ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.

These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare 9._____(be) able to make use of a 10._____(wide) vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British 11._____(settle) moved to America.

Later in the 18th century some British people12.______(take) to Australia too. English began to 13._______(speak) in both countries.

Finally by the 19th century the

language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English

spelling.

最后到19世纪的时候，英语这种语言就变得稳定了。当时，英语的拼写发生了两个很大的变化：先是塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了他的英语词典，后是诺亚·韦伯斯特出版了《美国英语词典》。后者使得美式英语的拼写有了其独特的个

高一英语必修二课文翻译

高一英语必修二课文翻译 Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan? To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous. But just how do people form a band? Many musicians meet and form a band because they like to write and play their own music. They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practising their music in someones house is the first step to fame. Sometimes they may ptey to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments. Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash. Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires! However, there was one band that started in a different way. It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show. The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing. They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough. They had to use actors for the other three members of the band. As some of these actors could not sing well enough，they had to rely on other musicians to help them. So during the broadcasts they just pretended to sing. Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other groups. They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them. Each week on TV，the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians. However。 after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work，the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band. Then they produced their own records and started touring and playing their own music. In the USA they became even more popular than the Beatles and sold even more records. The band broke up about 1970，but happily they reunited in the mid-1980s. They produced a new record in 1996。 并非乐队的乐队

高中英语必修二课文详解book2-unit4

必修二 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection 野生保护I．Vocabulary

II. Reading HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WILDLIFE 黛西学习怎样保护野生动植物 Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife. 译文：黛西总是渴望帮助频域灭绝 的野生动植物物种。【注释：①long vi.渴望; 极想 eg. We are longing to see you.我们极想见到你。②endangered species濒于灭绝的物种】 One day she woke up and found a flying carpet by her bed.译文：一天，她醒来发现一个飞毯在她的床边。【注释：a flying carpet“一个飞毯”，其中flying是动名词作定语，表示所修饰名词的作用或用途;而a sleeping boy中的sleeping则是现在分词作定语，表示所修饰的名词的状态，即“a boy is sleeping

一个小孩正处于睡觉中”.】“Where do you want to go”it asked.译文：毯子问道：“你想到哪里去” Daisy responded immediately.译文：黛西立刻应答。【注释：⑴vt. & vi.回答; 回报; 响应 eg. 1) I offered him a drink but he did not respond.我请他喝酒, 但他未作回答。 2) They responded my joke by laughing.他们对我的笑话报以大笑。⑵vi.有反应; 有效果; 有影响 eg. Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。】“I’d like to see some endangered wildlife,” she said.译文：她说：“我极想看看某种频域灭绝的野生动植物物种。”【注释：I’d like (to do) sth.句中的like是动词，后可跟名词、代词、动词不定式作宾语；而I feel like sth.句中的like为介词，后可跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。如： I’d like to help you if you feel like asking me to do so.】“Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”译文：请把我带到一个遥远的地方，在那里能找到给我们提供做毛衣皮毛的动物。【注释：where I can …sweater是定语从句，修饰限制先行词land；that gave …sweater又是一个定语从句，修饰限制先行词animal; to make this sweater是不定式短语作定语，修饰限制名词fur.】 At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet.译文：那毯子飞走了，把她带到了西藏。【注释：take sb./sth. to sp.把某人或某物带到某处 eg. Tom, take these apples to Kate, please!汤姆，请把

必修二英语课文及翻译 word整理版

必修二 Unit1 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM寻找琥珀厅Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make. 弗雷德里克?威廉?我,普鲁士国王,从未想像过这恩赐与俄罗斯人会令人惊喜的历史。这个礼物,琥珀屋的,赐给这个名字,因为好几吨的琥珀被用来制造它。琥珀被选有一个美丽的黄棕色的颜色就像蜂蜜。房间的设计是别致的流行的日子。这也是一种珍惜用金子来装饰和珠宝,将国家的最好的艺术家们大约10年了。 In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Frederick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. 事实上,这个房间没有是作为礼物送人的。它是设计出用于弗雷德里克的宫殿。然而,普鲁士的下一任国王弗雷德里克威廉?我、就是琥珀属于,决定不去保持它。在1716他给了彼得最重要的东西。作为回报,沙皇送给他一群他最好的士兵。所以琥珀房成了沙皇的一部分在圣彼得堡冬宫。大约四米长,房间作为一个小接待大厅为重要的游客。 Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. 后来,凯瑟琳二世琥珀屋的搬到一座宫殿外面圣彼得堡她在她的夏天。她告

必修二课文及翻译

必修二 Unit 1 In search of the amber room Frederick William I, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown color like honey. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the c ountry’s best artists about ten years to make. In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for the palace of Fredrick I. However, the next King of Prussia, Fredrick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar’s winter palace in St Petersburg. About four meters long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg. This was a time when the two countries were at war. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself. In less than two days 100000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at a time a German city on the Baltic Sea. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber room, they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city. 寻找琥珀屋 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋, 它之所以叫这个名字,是因为建造这间房子用了好几吨琥珀,被选择的琥珀色彩艳丽, 呈黄褐色像蜜一样。屋子的设计采用当时流行的奇特风格。琥珀屋也是用金银珠宝装饰的珍品，这花费了全国最优秀的艺术家大约十年的时间才完成。 事实上, 琥珀屋并不是作为礼物而建造的。它是为腓烈特一世的宫殿而建造。然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓烈特·威廉一世, 这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不再保留它了。1716年, 他把它送给了彼得大帝。作为回馈, 沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。所以, 琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡东宫的一部分。琥珀屋长约4米, 被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。 后来、叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外避暑的宫殿中。她让艺术家们给它增添了更多的装饰。1770年,这间琥珀屋按她要求的方式完工了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间,里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光。不幸的是,虽然琥珀屋被认为是世界奇迹之一,可是现在它却消失了。

高中英语必修五-unit 1 课文详解

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家I．V ocabulary steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭 put forward 提出 theory n。理论；学说 infect vt.传染；感染 infectious adj.传染的 cholera n.霍乱 scientific adj.科学的 examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析 repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.(与to连用)暴露；揭露； 使曝光 deadly adj.致命的 cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）control vt.& n.控制；支配 absorb vt.吸收；使专心 severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格 的；剧烈的 valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的 clue n.线索；提示 pump n.泵；抽水机 pub n.酒馆；酒吧 blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于； n.过失；责备 immediately adv.立即；马上 handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理 germ n.微生物；细菌 addition n.加；增加；加法 in addition也；另外 link vt.连接；联系n.联系；环 link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来 announce vt.宣布；通告 certainty n.确知；确信；确实 instruct vt.命令；指示；教导 virus n.病毒 construction n.建设；结构；建筑物 apart from 除…之外；此外 creative adj.有创造力的；独创的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的；肯定的 be strict with对…严格的 revolutionary adj.革命的 calculation n.计算；计算结果 lead to通向；导致 movement n。移动；运动；动作 make sense有意义 backward adv. & adj.向后地 （的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的） loop n.圈；环 complete adj.完整的；完成的 privately adv.私下地；秘密地 spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺（线） brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 reject vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃 point of view态度；观点；看法 logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的 II．Reading JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦 是一位著名的医生，的确，如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子。【注释： attend v.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/ class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某 人；照顾某人；eg. 1) I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。2) He was very tired after the long run, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有 个人来照顾自己一下。▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in(1) attend是 正式用语，一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等；（2）join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等，如：He joined the football club two years ago. (3) join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动，如：I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. (4) take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往参加者持有积极地态度，并起到一定的作用，有时可与join in互换，如：Will you take part in the English evening? 试题： ——Who is ______ the patient? ——Maybe his sister. A. taking care B. looking for C. joining in D. attending on】 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众，他就感到受到激励（或感受到神灵的召唤）。【注释：①inspire(1)影响或触动：eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. (2) 鼓励；激励eg. 1) inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望2) I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何

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人教版高一英语必修二Unit 1课文翻译 Unit 1 Cultural relics Reading IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 寻找琥珀屋 Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . 选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . 它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . 事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. 它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿设计(制作)的。However, the next King

英语必修二unit1 课文原文+单词+音标

Unit1 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William ,the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey .The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels ,which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact, the room was not made to be a gift .It was designed for the palace of Frederick .However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted .Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonde rs of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war.Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself .In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put in side twenty-seven wooden boxes .There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersbu rg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city. 单词： Unit 1 △ cultural /'k?lt??r?l/ adj. 文化的 △ relic /'rel?k/ n. 遗物；遗迹；纪念物 rare /re?/ adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的 valuable /'v?lju?bl/ adj. 贵重的；有价值的 survive /s?'va?v/ vi. 幸免；幸存；生还 vase /vɑ:z/ n. 花瓶；瓶 dynasty /'d?n?st?, 'da?-/ n. 朝代；王朝 △Taj Mahal /ta:d? m?'ha:l/ 泰姬陵 △ ivory /'a?v?r?/ n. 象牙 △ dragon /'dr?ɡ?n/ n. 龙 △ amber /'?mb?/ n. 琥珀；琥珀色 in search of 寻找 △Frederick William I /'fredr?k 'w?lj?m e? 'f?:st/ 腓特烈·威廉一世(普鲁士国王) △Prussia /'pr???/ n．(史)普鲁士(位于北欧) amaze /?'me?z/ vt. 使吃惊；惊讶 amazing /?'me?z??/ adj. 令人吃惊的 select /s?'lekt/ vt. 挑选；选择 honey /'h?n?/ n. 蜜；蜂蜜 design /d?'za?n/ n. 设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思 fancy /'f?ns?/ adj. 奇特的；异样的 vt. 想象；设想；爱好 style /sta?l/ n. 风格；风度；类型 decorate /'dek?re?t/ v. 装饰；装修 jewel /'d?u:?l/ n. 珠宝；宝石 artist /'ɑ:t?st/ n. 艺术家

牛津英语必修二课文原文及中文翻译

M1U2Home alone Act One Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter. Dad: It’s so nice to be home! Mom: Yes, I can’t wait to surprise the boys! Suddenly the door opens and a soccer ball flies through the room. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. Eric: Mom! Dad! You’re back early! (looking around room, sounding frightened) But, but … you weren’t supposed to come home until tomorrow! The dog slowly walks to Mom and Dad. Mom: (bending to touch dog) Eric, he’s so tired and hungry! (looking at table) The money for dog food is gone, but Spot looks like he is starving! What did you do with the cash we left? Dad: And look at this room—garbage all over the place! Where is your brother? (shouting angrily) Daniel! Daniel: (running into room) Mom, Dad, I can explain … Dad opens the curtains and light comes into the room. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. In the corner, there is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper. Mom and Dad both turn towards Daniel. Dad: (sounding very angry) Listen to me, young man—we left you in charge! We thought you could act like an adult, but look at the mess! I don’t know why the house is so dirty ... Mom: Daniel, we thought you were an adult, a person who would make good decisions ... Dad: How can we trust you any mo re? We won’t tolerate such behavior in our house! Daniel: (shouting) Stop shouting at me. I’m still a teenager! Why is everything always my fault? Daniel runs into his bedroom and shuts the door angrily. Mom and Dad look at each other as lights go out. End of Act One Act Two, Scene One Daniel and Eric’s bedroom. Eric sits on his bed. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. Daniel: They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. I hate them! Eric: You don’t h ate them. I can tell them we had an emergency. Then they won’t be mad any more. Daniel: No, don’t tell them anything. Anyhow, they didn’t trust me. They don’t deserve an explanation. Let them think what they want. Eric: But Daniel, if they knew that Spot was sick and we used the money to take him to the clinic ... Daniel: And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him, and that is why we had no time to clean the house ... but no, Eric, why didn’t they ask me what happened instead of shouting at me? Act Two, Scene Two

新课标高中英语必修二课文翻译知识讲解

2.（课文翻译）Unit 1寻找琥珀屋 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿设计（制作）的。然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。在1716年，他把琥珀屋送给了彼得大帝。作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。这样，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分。这间琥珀屋长约四米，被用作招待重要来宾的小型会客室。 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。她叫她的工匠在原来设计的基础上增添了更多精细的装饰。1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间，里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光，可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。 1941年9月，纳粹德国的军队逼近圣彼得堡。这是在两国交战的时期。在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术饰品搬走。可是琥珀屋本身却被一些纳粹分子偷偷地运走了。在不到两天的时间里，10万个部件装进了27个木箱。毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，它是当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。 近来，俄罗斯人和德国人已经在夏宫建起了一个新的琥珀屋，通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋样子和旧的看起来非常像。2003年，圣彼得堡人民就用它来庆祝该市建成300周年。 3.事实还是看法？ 什么是事实呢？是不是人们所相信的就是 事实呢？不是。事实是可以证实的信息。举 例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的 人口都多，这是可以得到证实的，这就是事 实。 那么，什么是看法呢？看法是人们相信 是真实的但是未经证实。因此在审判中，看 法不是强有力的证据。举例来说，如果你说： “猫作为宠物比狗好。”这就是看法，这个 看法可能是正确的，但是它难以被证实。有 些人可能不同意这种看法，但是他们也不能 证明他们是正确的。 在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相 信，哪些证人不能相信。法官并不考虑证人 的长相如何，也不考虑这个人住在哪里，在 哪儿工作。他（她）关心的只是目击者是否 提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而 不是个人观点或看法。这种信息就叫做证 据。 2.（课文翻译）Unit 2采访 帕萨尼亚斯是大约2000年前的一位希腊 作家，他于2007年3月18日作了一次魔幻 旅行，来打听当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。 现在他正在采访一位2008年奥林匹克运动 会的志愿者李燕。 帕：我叫帕萨尼亚斯。我生活在你们所说的 “古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克 运动会的情况。现在我来到你们这个时代， 想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道 2004年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。我可 以问你几个有关现代奥林匹克运动会的问 题吗？ 李：天哪！你真的来自那么久远的年代？当 然你可以问你想问的问题。你想知道什么 呢？ 帕：你们的奥运会多久举行一次？ 李：每四年一次。运动会有两种：夏季奥运 会和冬季奥运会。这两种运动会都是四年举 行一次。冬季奥运会总是在夏季奥运会的前 两年举行。只有达到他们各自项目统一标准 的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。选手可以 来自全世界任何一个地方。 帕：冬季奥运会？冬天运动员怎么可能赛跑 啊？又怎么可能赛马呢？ 李：噢，不！冬奥会并不包括跑步和骑马比 赛，但是却有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的 比赛项目，所以才叫它冬季奥运会。跑步、 游泳、划船和一些团队项目是在夏季运动会 上进行。 帕：我明白了。你原来说邀请来的运动员来 自世界各地。你指的是希腊世界？我们希腊 各个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞 争。别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能 参加。 李：现在只要他们的运动员达到了参赛的标 准，任何国家都能参赛。总共有250多个运 动项目，每个项目都有自己的标准。妇女不 仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团 队等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用…… 帕：请等一下！所有这么多项目，所有这么 多国家，甚至妇女也都参加！所有这些参赛 的人住在哪里呢？ 李：每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄（奥运 村）供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼， 好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体 育馆。 帕：那听起来要花很多钱吧。会有人想承办 奥运会吗？ 李：事实上，每个国家都想抓住这个机会。 被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有 极大的荣誉。国与国之间争取奥运会承办权 的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样的激烈。2008 年的奥运会将在中国举行，你知道吗？ 帕：是的，听说过，你一定很自豪。 李：当然。那么2012年的奥运会将在伦敦 举行。他们现在已开始筹划。在伦敦的东部 将为运动员建立一个新的奥运村和所有的 运动场。当然还会设计新的奖牌…… 帕：你刚才说奖牌是吗？就连橄榄枝花环也 被取代了！天哪，你们也为奖金而竞赛吗？ 李：不，不是的。仍然是为了能够跑得更快， 跳得更高，掷得更远。你知道，奥运会的口 号就是“更快，更高，更强”。 帕：这是个好消息。很有趣！占用了你的时 间，非常感谢。 3.（课文翻译）阿特兰大的故事 特兰大是一位希腊公主。她长得很美， 跑得比希腊的任何男人都快，但是她却不被 允许在奥运会上参加比赛为自己赢得荣誉。 她因此非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会 嫁给任何跑不过她的男人的。她的父亲说她 必须结婚，于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成 了一个协议。她对父亲说：“我有我的条件。如果有 人说想娶我，我就跟他赛跑。如果他跑得不如我快， 他就要被杀掉，任何人不得求饶。” 许多国王和王子想要娶阿特兰大。但是当听到她规定 的条件时，他们知道是没有希望的，因此许多人就闷 闷不乐地回家了，但是也有一些人留下来赛跑。有位 叫希波墨涅斯的人，听到亚特兰大的条件，大为吃惊。 他想：“为什么这些人那么愚蠢呢？为什么他们跑不 过这个公主就让别人把自己杀掉呢？”后来，当希波 墨涅斯看到亚特兰大从屋子里出来跑步时，他改变了 主意。他说：“我要娶亚特兰大，否则就去死。” 比赛开始了，虽然那些男人跑得很快，可是亚特兰大 跑得更快。希波墨涅斯想：“我怎样才能跑得像亚特 兰大一样快呢？”他去向希腊爱情女神求助。女神答 应帮助他，并且给了他三个金苹果。她说：“当亚特 兰大跑过你的时候，你就把一个苹果扔在她前面。当 她停下来去捡苹果时，你就可以继续向前跑而获 胜。”希波墨涅斯拿着苹果去见国王。他说：“我要 娶亚特兰大。”国王很忧伤，因为又要看到一个人去 送死了，但是希波墨涅斯说：“我要娶她，要不，我 就去死。”于是比赛开始了。 2.（课文翻译）Unit 3我是谁？ 经过一段时间我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法 国诞生时是一台计算机器。尽管当时我还年轻，但是 我能简化一些复杂的数学题。我发育缓慢，差不多到 了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分 析机。在操作员用穿卡孔为我设计程序后，我能够进 行逻辑“思考”，并且能够比任何人更快地算出答 案。那时这被当作是一次技术革命，也是我“人工智 能”的开始。在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵 写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器” 来解决任何数学难题。从那时起，我在体积和脑容量 方面迅速成长。到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像 一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是， 这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。随着时间的推 移，我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来， 我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑， 后来又被做成便携式。 这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提高才成为 可能。最初是被存储到电子管中，以后是晶体管上， 后来是非常小的芯片上。因此，我已经完全改变了我 的形状。随着我的年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。 随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就 像一头大象一样，从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！ 我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不能相信！ 但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到二十世纪六十 年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。我能 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》