2013年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套)

2013年12月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

Part ⅠWriting标准时间30 minutes自测用时 minutes

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face to face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

“Dear Andy—How are you?Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the next time your computer crashes and you come downstairs for something to eat.Love,Mom and Dad.”

Part ⅡListening Comprehension标准时间30 minutes自测用时 minutes

Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 因听力试题改革，1-8为旧题型，略。如有需要，考生可根据前言指引前去下载。Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9.A)To look for a job as a salesperson.B)To have a talk with Miss Thompson.

C)To place an order for some products.D)To complain about a faulty appliance.

10.A)The person in charge is not in the office.

B)The supplies are out of stock for the moment.

C)They failed to reach an agreement on the price.

D)The company is re cataloguing the items.

11.A)0743,12536 extension 15.B)0734,21653 extension 51.

C)0734,38750 extension 15.D)0743,62135 extension 51.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12.A)Since he found a girlfriend.B)Since he took to heavy smoking.

C)Since he began to exercise regularly.D)Since he started to live on his own.

13.A)He is getting too fat.B)He smokes too much.

C)He doesn t eat vegetables.D)He doesn t look well at all.

14.A)They are overweight for their age.B)They are respectful to their parents.

C)They are still in their early twenties.D)They dislike doing physical exercise.

15.A)To quit smoking.B)To reduce his weight.

C)To find a girlfriend.D)To follow her advice.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,

you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16.A)They have destroyed several small towns.B)They will soon spread to San Francisco.

C)They have injured many residents.D)They are burning out of control.

17.A)They have been hospitalized.

B)They have got skin problems.

C)They were choked by the thick smoke.

D)They were poisoned by the burning chemicals.

18.A)It failed because of a sudden rocket explosion.

B)It has been re scheduled for a midday takeoff.

C)It has been canceled due to technical problems.

D)It was delayed for eleven hours and thirty minutes.

19.A)They made frequent long distance calls to each other.

B)They illegally used government computers in New Jersey.

C)They were found to be smarter than computer specialists.

D)They were arrested for stealing government information.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20.A)Peaceful.B)Considerate.C)Generous.D)Cooperative.

21.A)Someone dumped the clothes left in the washer and dryer.

B)Someone broke the washer and dryer by overloading them.

C)Mindy Lance s laundry blocked the way to the laundry room.

D)Mindy Lance threatened to take revenge on her neighbors.

22.A)Asking the neighborhood committee for help.

B)Limiting the amount of laundry for each wash.

C)Informing the building manager of the matter.

D)Installing a few more washers and dryers.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23.A)She is both a popular and a highly respected author.

B)She is the most loved African novelist of all times.

C)She is the most influential author since the 1930 s.

D)She is the first writer to focus on the fate of slaves.

24.A)The Book Critics Circle Award. B)The Nobel Prize for literature.

C)The Pulitzer Prize for fiction.D)The National Book Award.

25.A)She is a relative of Morrison s.B)She is a skilled storyteller.

C)She is a slave from Africa.D)She is a black woman.

Section C

因听力试题改革，26-35为旧题型，略。如有需要，考生可根据前言指引前去下载。

Part ⅢReading Comprehension标准时间40 minutes自测用时 minutes

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

To get a sense of how women have progressed in science, take a quick tour of the physics department at the University of California, Berkeley.This is a storied place, the36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science—starting with Ernest Lawrence s invention of the cyclotron(回旋加速器) in 1931.A generation ago, female faces were 37 and, even today, visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of them white males.

But climb up to the third floor and you ll see a40 display.There, among the photos of current faculty members and students, are portraits of the 41 head of the department, Marjorie Shapiro, and four other women whose research 42 everything from the mechanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.Although they re still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty, women are clearly a presence here.And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right: graduate and undergraduate students, about 20 percent of them female.Every year Berkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country s top universities.That makes Shapiro optimistic, but also 44.“I believe things are getting better,” she says, “but they re not getting better as 45 as I would like.”

A)circumstance E)deals I)honoring M)realistic

B)confidenceF)differentJ)hopeN)site

C)coversG)exposingK)presentlyO)virtually

D)currentH)fastL)rare

Section B

Directions:In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．

Is College a Worthy Investment?

［A］Why are we spending so much money on college? And why are we so unhappy about it? We all seem to agree that a college education is wonderful, and yet strangely

we worry when we see families investing so much in this supposedly essential good. Maybe it s time to ask a question that seems almost sacrilegious (大不敬的): is all this investment in college education really worth it?

［B］The answer, I fear, is no. For an increasing number of kids, the extra time and money spent pursuing a college diploma will leave them worse off than they were before they set foot on campus.

［C］For my entire adult life, a good education has been the most important thing for middle class households. My parents spent more educating my sister and me than they spent on their house, and they re not the only ones…and, of course, for an increasing number of families, most of the cost of their house is actually the cost of living in a good school district. Questioning the value of a college education seems a bit like questioning the value of happiness, or fun.

［D］The average price of all goods and services has risen about 50 percent. But the price of a college education has nearly doubled in that time. Is the education that today s students are getting twice as good? Are new workers twice as smart? Have they become somehow massively more expensive to educate?

［E］Perhaps a bit. Richard Vedder, an Ohio University economics professor, says, “I look at the data, and I see college costs rising faster than inflation up to the mid 1980s by 1 percent a year. Now I see them rising 3 to 4 percent a year over inflation. What has happened? The federal government has started dropping money out of airplanes.” Aid has increased, subsidized (补贴的) loans have become available, and “the universities have gotten the money.” Economist Bryan Caplan, who is writing a book about education, agrees: “It s a giant waste of resources that will continue as long as the subsidies continue.”

［F］Promotional literature for colleges and student loans often speaks of debt as an “investment in yourself.” But an investment is supposed to generate income to pay off the loans. More than half of all recent graduates are unemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree, and the amount of student loan debt carried by households has increased more than five times since 1999. These graduates were told that a diploma was all they needed to succeed, but it won t even get them out of the spare bedroom at Mom and Dad s. For many, the most visible result of their four years is the loan payments, which now average hundreds of dollars a month on loan balances in the tens of thousands.

［G］It s true about the money—sort of. College graduates now make 80 percent more than people who have only a high school diploma, and though there are no precise estimates, the wage premium (高出的部分) for an outstanding school seems to be even higher. But that s not true of every student. It s very easy to spend four years majoring in English literature and come out no more employable than you were before you went in. Conversely, chemical engineers straight out of school can easily make almost four times the wages of an entry level high school graduate. ［H］James Heckman, the Nobel Prize winning economist, has examined how the returns on education break down for individuals with different backgrounds and levels of ability. “Even with these high prices, you re still finding a high return for individuals who are bright and motivated,” he says. On the other hand, “if you

re not college ready, then the answer is no, it s not worth it.” Experts tend to agree that for the average student, college is still worth it today, but they also agree that the rapid increase in price is eating up more and more of the potential return. For borderline students, tuition (学费) rise can push those returns into negative territory.

［I］Everyone seems to agree that the government, and parents, should be rethinking how we invest in higher education—and that employers need to rethink the increasing use of college degrees as crude screening tools for jobs that don t really require college skills. “Employers seeing a surplus of college graduates and looking to fill jobs are just adding that requirement.” says Vedder. “In fact, a college degree becomes a job requirement for becoming a bar tender.”

［J］We have started to see some change on the finance side. A law passed in 2007 allows many students to cap their loan payment at 10 percent of their income and forgives any balance after 25 years. But of course, that doesn t control the cost of education; it just shifts it to taxpayers. It also encourages graduates to choose lower paying careers, which reduces the financial return to education still further. “You re subsidizing people to become priests and poets and so forth,”says Heckman. “You may think that s a good thing, or you may not.” Either way it will be expensive for the government.

［K］What might be a lot cheaper is putting more kids to work. Caplan notes that work also builds valuable skills—probably more valuable for kids who don t naturally love sitting in a classroom. Heckman agrees wholeheartedly: “People are different, and those abilities can be shaped. That s what we ve learned, and public policy should recognize that.”

［L］Heckman would like to see more apprenticeship style (学徒式) programs, where kids can learn in the workplace—learn not just specific job skills, but the kind of “soft skills,” like getting to work on time and getting along with a team, that are crucial for career success. “It s about having mentors (指导者) and having workplace based education,” he says. “Time and again I ve seen examples of this kind of program working.”

［M］Ah, but how do we get there from here? With better public policy, hopefully, but also by making better individual decisions. “Historically markets have been able to handle these things,” says Vedder, “and I think eventually markets will handle this one. If it doesn t improve soon, people are going to wake up and ask, ‘Why am I going to college? ”

46.Caplan suggests that kids who don t love school go to work.

47.An increasing number of families spend more money on houses in a good school district.

48.Subsidized loans to college students are a huge waste of money, according to one economist.

49.More and more kids find they fare worse with a college diploma.

50.For those who are not prepared for higher education, going to college is not worth it.

51.Over the years the cost of a college education has increased almost by 100%.

52.A law passed recently allows many students to pay no more than one tenth of their income for their college loans.

53.Middle class Americans have highly valued a good education.

54.More kids should be encouraged to participate in programs where they can learn not only job skills but also social skills.

55.Over fifty percent of recent college graduates remain unemployed or unable to find a suitable job.

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

A recent global survey of 2,000 high net worth individuals found about 60% were not planning on a traditional retirement. Among U.S. participants, 75% expected to continue working in some capacity even after stepping away from full time jobs. “Many of these people made their wealth by doing something they re passionate （有激情的） about,” says Daniel Egan, head of behavioral finance for Barclays Wealth Americas. “Given the choice, they prefer to continue working.” Barclays calls these people “nevertirees”.

Unlike many Americans compelled into early retirement by company restrictions, the average nevertiree often has no one forcing his hand. If 106 year old investor Irving Kahn, head of his own family firm, wants to keep coming to work every day, who s going to stop him? Seventy eight year old Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg s job security is guaranteed in the Constitution.

It may seem that these elderly people are trying to cheat death. In fact, they are. And it s working. Howard Friedman, a professor at UC Riverside, found in his research that those who work hardest and are successful in their careers often live the longest lives. “People are generally being given bad advice to slow down, take it easy, stop worrying, and retire to Florida,” he says. He described one study participant, still working at the age of 100, who was recently disappointed to see his son retire.

“We re beginning to see a change in how people view retirement,” says George Leeson, co director of the Institute of Population Ageing at Oxford. Where once retirement was seen as a brief reward after a long struggle through some miserable job, it is now akin(近似) to being cast aside. What Leeson terms “the Warren Buffett effect” is becoming more broadly appealing as individuals come to “view retirement as not simply being linked to economic productivity but also about contribution.”Observers are split on whether this is a wholly good thing. On the one hand, companies and financial firms can benefit from the wisdom of a resilient（坚韧的） chief. On

the other, the new generation can find it more difficult to advance—an argument that typically holds little sway to a nevertiree.

56.What do we learn about the so called “nevertirees”?

A)They are passionate about making a fortune.

B)They have no choice but to continue working.

C)They love what they do and choose not to retire.

D)They will not retire unless they are compelled to.

57.What do Irving Kahn and Ruth Bader Ginsburg have in common?

A)Neither of them is subject to forced retirement.

B)Neither of them desires reward for their work.

C)Both cling to their positions despite opposition.

D)Both are capable of coping with heavy workloads.

58.What is the finding of Howard Friedman s research?

A)The harder you work, the bigger your fortune will be.

B)The earlier you retire, the healthier you will be.

C)Elderly people have to slow down to live longer.

D)Working at an advanced age lengthens people s life.

59.What is the traditional view of retirement according to the passage?

A)It means a burden to the younger generation.

B)It is a symbol of a mature and civilized society.

C)It is a compensation for one s life long hard work.

D)It helps increase a nation s economic productivity.

60.What do critics say about “nevertirees”?

A)They are an obstacle to a company s development.

B)They lack the creativity of the younger generation.

C)They cannot work as efficiently as they used to.

D)They prevent young people from getting ahead.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt, the conversation is almost always about student loan debt. But there s a growing body of evidence suggesting that today s young adults are also drowning in credit card debt—and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.

More than 20%overspent their income by more than ＄100 every single month. Since they haven t built up their credit histories yet, it s a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.

Although many young people blame “socializing” as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren t knocking back $20 drinks in trendy（时尚的） lounges. They re struggling with much more daily financial demands.

To a disturbingly large extent, the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday. This obviously isn t sustainable in the long

run, and it s going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they ll still be paying interest on that bottle of orange juice or box of spaghetti（意式面条） they bought a decade earlier.

A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they re slower at paying it off. “If what we found continues to hold true, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future,” warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State. “If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can t pay off their credit cards.”Dunn says a lot of these young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt. “Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing banks.”

61.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A)Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.

B)Credit cards play an increasingly important role in college life.

C)Credit cards are doing more harm than student loans.

D)The American credit card system is under criticism.

62.Why do young people have to pay a higher interest on their credit card debt?

A)They tend to forget about the deadlines.

B)They haven t developed a credit history.

C)They are often unable to pay back in time.

D)They are inexperienced in managing money.

63.What is said to be the consequence of young adults relying on credit cards to make ends meet?

A)It will place an unnecessary burden on society.

B)It will give them no motivation to work hard.

C)It will exert psychological pressure on them.

D)It will affect their future spending power.

64.What will happen to young adults if their credit card debt keeps accumulating according to Lucia Dunn?

A)They will have to pay an increasingly higher interest rate.

B)They may experience a financial crisis in their old age.

C)Their quality of life will be affected.

D)Their credit cards may be cancelled.

65.What does Lucia Dunn think might be a risk for the credit card issuing banks?

A)They go bankrupt as a result of over lending.

B)They lose large numbers of their regular clients.

C)Their clients leave their debts unpaid upon death.

D)Their interest rates have to be reduced now and then.

Part ⅣTranslation标准时间30 minutes自测用时 minutes

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

“你要茶还是要咖啡？”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病。在明清（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）期间，茶馆遍布全国。饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到十七、十八世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料（beverage）之一。茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

2013年12月大学英语四级真题解析（第1套）

【审题提纲】

这是一篇图画作文，考生要根据图画分析问题并得出结论。一般情况下，此类作文可按照“描述图画（引出现象）——剖析现象——得出结论”思路来行文。描述图画时应抓住其关键词，从关键词中总结出现象。进而从分析原因或阐明利弊的角度剖析现象。最后得出结论，表达自己的看法或提出解决措施。结合该题目，图画所反映的是网络影响人们正常交流这一现象；针对此现象，需表明立场，说明电子通讯方式是否会取代面对面的交流方式，并给出原因；最终提出建议或解决措施。

第一段：简述图画内容，指出互联网对人类的交流方式产生消极影响。

第二段：明确态度，指出电子通讯方式不会取代面对面的交流方式并说明原因（如面对面的交流能促进理解）。

第三段：提出建议。

【参考范文】

As is subtly revealed in the cartoon, there are two parents sitting in front of a computer, who are chatting with their child on the Internet. It is ironic that they are typing some words to ask their child to come downstairs for dinner. There is no denying that Internet, as a matter of fact, has begun to dominate our daily life. Internet addiction is prevalent among young people, which makes face to face contact suffer a tough test.

In my view, the electronic communication cannot replace face to face contact. On the one hand, when we talk face to face, we talk with more than words. Actually, we could further mutual understanding through eye contact, facial expressions or body languages. On the other hand, with sincerity and warmth, individuals are always touched by heart felt words or sweet smiles when communicating face to face. However, in the virtual world of Internet, someone would hide their true feelings.

To conclude, it is suggested that we not only use Internet in a reasonable way but also spend more time to communicate in real life. At no time should we overlook the indispensable significance of face to face communication.

【写作模板】

As is subtly revealed in the cartoon, there are （简述图画内容）. It is ironical that, （挖掘图画背后的深刻含义）.

In my view, （提出个人观点）. On the one hand, （陈述原因：面对面交流促进理解）. On the other hand, （陈述原因：面对面交流更具真实性）.

To conclude, it is suggested that （合理使用网络，多面对面沟通）. At no time should we overlook the indispensable significance of （关键词）.

Section A

因听力试题改革，1-8为旧题型，略。

如有需要，考生可根据前言指引前去下载。

Conversation One

W：Sales department. Can I help you?

M：Oh, yes. I hope so. My name s Kings Bré of GPF Limited. We need some supplies for our design office.

W：I see. What sort of things are you looking for, Mr. Kings Bré?

M：Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.

W：Well, in the standard range, we have the D044, and the D045 models.

M：Oh, what s the difference between them?

W：Well, the D045 has its own mending system and it does cost slightly more as a result.

M：So what s the total price?

W：For the D045, it s 387 pounds 50 pence.

M：And, does that include value added tax?

W：Oh, yes!

M：Can you tell me how long it takes to deliver?

W：I can t give a definite date now, I m afraid, because it depends on the other orders we have to get out. But it will certainly be within three weeks.

M：OK. Now we also want some drawing pens, ink and correction fluid, and some drawing paper.

W：Ah, now the lady who deals with drawing office supplies isn t here this morning, I m afraid. But I could ask her to give you a ring this afternoon if you like. M：Oh, yes. Thank you.

W：What s your telephone number?

M：It s Reading. That is code 0734, 21653, extension 51.

W：OK, I ll get Miss Thompson to ring you this afternoon. Now would you like me to place an order for one D045 drawing board?

M：Yes, please. You ve been most helpful. Goodbye.

W：Goodbye!

9.【答案解析】C男士在回复女士的“Can I help you?”时说“…We need some supplies for our design office”。need在此为“订购”之意，这一点由对话最后出现的“place an order（订购）”可以得到印证；在该语境下，supplies（用品）就是products（商品），C选项是男士话语的同义转述，因此正确。

10.【答案解析】A题干的the other drawing office supplies对应男士说的“some drawing pens…some drawing paper”对此女士的回复是“the lady who deals with drawing office supplies isn t here this morning”，暗示男士现在不能购买这些物品的原因：负责的女士不在。A选项是女士话语的同义替换，因此正确。

11.【答案解析】B女士问出“What s your telephone number?”后，男士回答“That is code 0734, 21653, extension 51（0［ u］seven three four two one six five three extension five one）”，B选项为对话内容再现，因此正确。

Conversation Two

W：I m so worried about Mark these days. Ever since he moved into his own apartment,

he s been losing weight. He really doesn t look well at all.

M：He should try to gain some weight. He is probably not eating enough.

W：Well, anyway, how is Tim these days?

M：Tim? Oh, Tim has me worried, too. He s really getting much too fat. He needs to lose about 75 pounds now.

W：That s a lot of weight to lose. What does Tim eat?

M：I really don t know. But I m sure he is eating too much cake and candy. W：Well, did I tell you Mark doesn t eat any meat now? He only eats vegetables and fruit.

M：That s probably why he is so thin. Does he smoke?

W：Does he smoke? About two packs of cigarettes a day! That s my son, a smoking vegetarian.

M：Hmm, if he stopped smoking, he would gain weight. I know he would. Tim put on a lot of weight when he stopped smoking.

W：Does Tim play any sports?

M：Play sports? Oh, my! I keep telling him, “Tim, dear, you really need to get some exercise.” And you know what he does? He just gets angry.

W：I know. Mark doesn t exercise, either.

M：Did you tell him…

W：Of course, but you know what it is like being a mother of a 30 year old boy. They just don t think they need your advice anymore. I wish Mark would find a nice girlfriend to relax and have fun with. I heard Tim has a girlfriend at last. That s wonderful.

12.【答案解析】D女士说“I m so worried about Mark”，紧接着又说“Ever since he moved into his own apartment, he s been losing weight”，该句后半部分与题干对应，D选项中的started to live on his own又是对前半句中moved into his own apartment 的同义转述，因此正确。

13.【答案解析】A本题询问男士为什么担心Tim，男士在说完“Tim has me worried, too”之后说“He s really getting much too fat”，A选项为对话内容再现，因此正确。14.【答案解析】D女士问道“Does Tim play any sports?”，男士先反问“Play sports?”，然后用“Oh, my!”暗示Tim不喜欢运动，随后补充道“…He just gets angry”，由此可以确定Tim确实不喜欢运动。对于男士的回复，女士附和道“Mark doesn t exercise, either.”，由此可知D选项为对话内容的合理推断，因此正确。

15.【答案解析】C本题询问女士希望Mark做什么，对话最后女士说道“I wish Mark would find a nice girlfriend to relax and have fun with”，C选项为对话内容再现，因此正确。

Section B

Passage One

Good afternoon. This is Diane Martinet with the midday news on KALF.

Fires in California continue to burn out of control, and several small towns in the forests near San Francisco are still in danger. One of the greatest dangers to the 500 firefighters, however, comes not from the fires but from poison plants in the forest. Many firefighters have gotten skin problems after touching the plants and at least three have had to go to the hospital for treatment for their skin

problems.

NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency, today announced in Florida that the next space shuttle mission has been canceled. The mission was scheduled for an 11:30 a.m. takeoff on Tuesday. However, the flight has been canceled because of problems with the spaceship s central computer system. NASA technicians noticed the computer problems during last minute checks.

Seven teenager computer specialists have been arrested by police in New Jersey. After taking an advanced computer course at school, the seven boys, all from Princeton, New Jersey, illegally obtained top secret information from government computers in Washington. They also started to use their home computers to access telephone networks.

In New York, the value of the dollar stayed the same today. But in Tokyo, the dollar fell dramatically. At the end of the day, it was worth 83 yen, compared to 88 yen yesterday.

And now, here s Joe Santos with the sports news.

16.【答案解析】D本题询问加利福尼亚大火的情况，短文提到“Fires in California continue to burn out of control”，D选项是该句的同义替换，因此正确。

17.【答案解析】B本题询问很多消防员的情况，原文提到“Many firefighters have gotten skin problems（很多消防员出现了皮肤问题）”，B选项是原文再现，因此正确。

18.【答案解析】C原文提到“…the next space shuttle mission has been canceled”之后道出原因“…because of problems with the spaceship s central computer system （因为中央计算机设备出现了故障）”，because of 与due to 表意相同，设备故障属于technical problems（技术问题），C选项为原文内容的同义转述，因此正确。

19.【答案解析】D短文提到“Seven teenager computer specialists have been arrested by police in New Jersey”，之后又说“the seven boys…illegally obtained top secret information from government computers in Washington”，很显然后句为前句的原因，illegally obtained（非法获取）即stealing（窃取），因此D选项正确。

Passage Two

When you live in an apartment building where only a wall separates you from your neighbors, everyone needs to be considerate of each other. That s not what happened in my apartment building.

Someone was always leaving her clothes in the washers and dryers in the laundry room. I got tired of running up and down the stairs to see if the clothes had been removed, so I could start my own wash. Obviously someone else got tired of it too because one day someone took clothes from the washer and dryer and dumped them in the corner.

This act started a battle of letters posted on the wall of the laundry room. The first letter was from Mindy Lance, who was really angry that her clothes had been removed from the washer and dryer and dumped. She then threatened to dump anybody else s clothes she herself found in the washer or dryer.

Mindy Lance s letter enraged other residents and they posted letters to her. Eventually, Mindy began behaving properly but hard feelings remained.

The problem could have been resolved better. If residents had informed the building manager, she then could have informed all residents that clothes should

be removed from the washers and dryers within 15 minutes after their wash is done. Those who refuse to obey might not have their leases renewed. That would be a fair common sense solution. Neighbor problems may sometimes seem inevitable, but it s important to resolve them fairly.

20.【答案解析】B短文开门见山，第一句便说道“When…, everyone needs to be considerate of each other（当……，彼此之间需要互相体谅）”。B选项Considerate是原文内容再现，因此正确。

21.【答案解析】A短文中的“This act started a battle of letters…”（这一行为引发了留言大战）点明了本题的题干。其中的This act是关键信息，循着这一线索回顾至“…someone took clothes from the washer and dryer and dumped them…”，由此推断，该句的took clothes和dumped them正是This act所指。A选项是对该句的同义转述，因此正确。

22.【答案解析】C文中的“The problem could have been resolved better.”点明题干，而“If residents had informed the building manager,…”道出了什么是更好的方法。C 选项的Informing与原句中的informed对应，且the building manager为原文再现，因此C选项正确。

Passage Three

In today s class we ll discuss Toni Morrison s novel Beloved. As I m sure you all know, Morrison is both a popular and a highly respected author and it s not easy to be both.

Born in 1931, Morrison has written some of the most touching and intelligent works on the African American experience ever written by anyone. And yet to call her an African American writer doesn t seem to do her justice. In many ways she s simply an American writer and certainly one of our best.

Beloved is a truly remarkable work. It was recommended for nearly every major literary prize, including the National Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award. And it in fact won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1988.Morrison herself is distinguished for having won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993.

What makes Beloved unique is the skillful short way in which Morrison blends intensely personal storytelling and American history, racial themes and gender themes, the experience of blacks with the experience of all people everywhere, the down to earth reality of slavery with the sense of mysterious spirituality. We ll be paying special attention to these themes as we discuss this work. I m particularly interested in your views on the relative importance of race and gender in this book. Is it more important that Sethe, the main character, is black, or that she is a woman? Which contributes more to her being? What does Morrison tell us about both?

23.【答案解析】A短文开始部分便提到“Morrison is both a popular and a highly respected author（Morrison是一个既受欢迎又备受尊敬的作家）”。A选项的She正是指代Morrison，且其余部分属于原文再现，因此A选项正确。

24.【答案解析】B本题询问Toni Morrison在1993年获得的荣誉。四个奖项文中都提到过，因此，年份是本题的关键。短文的原句是“Morrison…won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993”，获Nobel Prize的年份与题干的年份吻合，因此B选项为正确答案。

25.【答案解析】D本题询问《宠儿》中女主角Sethe的情况。文末说道“Is it more important

that Sethe… is black, or that she is a woman?（Sethe身为黑人，又是女人，这两种身份哪个更重要？）”，由此可知，Sethe既是black又是woman，D选项是对原文的合理推断，因此正确。

Section C

因听力试题改革，26-35为旧题型，略。

如有需要，考生可根据前言指引前去下载。

Section A

想要了解女性在科学领域所取得的进步，就快去加州大学伯克利分校物理系看一看吧！这是一个富有传奇色彩的地方，很多现代科学的重要发现都源于此处——从1931年欧内斯特·劳伦斯发明的回旋加速器开始。一代人以前（大约二三十年以前），女性面孔很少见，即使是现在，穿过勒孔特大厅一楼时，参观者会在整条走廊里看到一些展览品，这些展览品是用来纪念那些在这里创造了历史的杰出物理学家的，这些物理学家几乎都是白人男性。

但是，来到三楼时，你会看到不同的展览。那里有在职教职员工和在校学生的照片，其中包括现任系主任马约莉·夏皮罗和其他四位女性的画像，她们的研究领域包罗万象，大到宇宙力学，小到构成物质的最小粒子。两周前，系里刚聘请了第六位女教师。虽然她们仅占到物理系教师人数的10%左右，但显然她们已经在此有一席之地。真正的希望可能存在于右边那些小一点的照片中：大学本科及研究生中，约有20%是女性。每年，伯克利学校都会向全国一流大学输送一些刚毕业的女性物理学博士。夏皮罗对此感到乐观，但她也很现实。“我相信事情会越来越好，”她说，“但是肯定没有我想的那么快。”

36.【答案解析】N名词辨析题。由空格前的定冠词the和空格后的介词of可知，空格处应填名词。本句为主系表结构，句子结构完整。the of作同位语，解释说明a storied place，故推断空格处所填名词应与place意思相近。N选项site（地点；位置；场所）符合题意，为正确答案。

37.【答案解析】L形容词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少表语，根据语法规则，空格处应填形容词或分词。空格所在分句与其后的分句之间用and连接，说明两句之间是顺承关系，描述内容应当一致。后一分句说，这些物理学家都是白人男性，相应地，女性物理学家相对来说就比较少，L选项rare（稀有的；罕见的）符合题意，为正确答案。

38.【答案解析】I动词辨析题。空格所在句结构完整，由空格前的名词和空格后的名词短语可推断，空格处应填分词形式，作exhibits的后置定语。根据常识可知，展览的目的是为了让人们纪念杰出的物理学家，故此处应填褒义词，I选项honoring（尊敬；给……以荣誉）符合题意，在此引申为“纪念”之意，为正确答案。G选项exposing（揭露）感情色彩与本题不符，故排除。

39.【答案解析】O副词辨析题。空格所在的定语从句主干成分完整，且空格后为名词短语all of them white males，判断空格处应填副词，与其后的名词短语一起补充定语从句的内容。该句前半部分提到，女性物理学家很少，此处强调男性物理学家多。O选项virtually （几乎）符合语义，表示“几乎都是白人男性”，与前文相呼应，故正确。

40.【答案解析】F形容词辨析题。空格前为不定冠词a，空格后为名词display，故可断定空格处应填形容词，修饰display。本句讲述三楼的展览，句首的But提示它与第一段所陈述的展览不同，故F选项different正确。此外，考生还可根据一、二段的内容进行推测。第一段主要讲的是有关男性的展览品，而第二段阐述的重点是女性，两者显然是不同的，所以F选项正确。

41.【答案解析】D形容词辨析题。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为名词head，故可推知空格处应填形容词，修饰head。空格前提到，在现有教职员工和在校学生的照片中，由此可

知，文中的head of the department（系主任）应该是现任的，D选项current（现在的）符合语境，故为正确答案。

42.【答案解析】C动词辨析题。分析句子成分可知，空格所在句缺少谓语，空格处应填动词。由于本句的时态为一般现在时且主语whose research为单数，所以该动词应为第三人称单数形式。空格后直接跟宾语，说明此处的动词应为及物动词，E选项deals（处理）为不及物动词，故排除，所以C选项covers（包括；覆盖）正确。

43.【答案解析】J名词辨析题。空格前为形容词real，空格后为系动词maybe，判断空格处应填名词，作句子的主语。冒号后面的内容是对其前面内容的解释说明。冒号后说道，在大学本科生及研究生中，约有20%是女性；接着二段6句说：每年，伯克利学校都会向全国一流大学输送一些刚毕业的女性物理学博士。这些都说明了女性更有希望在物理学领域做出贡献，J选项hope（希望）符合文章逻辑，故为正确答案。

44.【答案解析】M形容词辨析题。由but also连接并列成分可知，空格处应填形容词，和optimistic对应。下文是对本句中两个形容词的具体阐述。由下文的I believe things are getting better和but they re not getting better as as I would like可知，系主任虽然对现状感到乐观，但也认识到现实情况没有她想象得那么好，说明她是一个比较现实的人。M选项realistic（现实的）可高度概括下文的内容，故为正确答案。

45.【答案解析】H副词辨析题。空格位于as…as之间，则空格处应填形容词或副词。由动词短语getting better可知，空格处应填副词。本句引用Shapiro的话，来说明女性在物理学领域所取得的进步，前半句说事情会越来越好，后半句but表转折，说明事情的进展会与之前所述有一定差异。H选项fast代入文中，表示“但是肯定没有我想的那么快”，符合逻辑，故为正确答案。

Section B

大学教育是一项有价值的投资吗？

［A］为什么我们在大学教育上花那么多钱？而为什么又对此感到不开心呢？我们似乎一致认为大学教育是极好的，但是很奇怪，当我们看到一些家庭在这个被认为是必要的好事上投入很多金钱时，我们却忧心忡忡。或许，是时候问一个听起来大不敬的问题了：所有的大学教育投资真的都值得吗？

［B］恐怕，答案是否定的。对于越来越多的孩子来说，将额外的时间和金钱花费在追求大学文凭上会使他们陷入比进入大学校园之前更加艰难的境地。

［C］自我成年以来，良好的教育对中产阶级家庭来说是最重要的一件事。我父母在我和妹妹的教育上的花费远比住房上的花费多，而且他们并不是唯一这么做的家长……当然，对于越来越多的家庭来说，住房上大部分的花费其实都来自于住在一个好的学区里的开销。质疑大学教育的价值好比是质疑幸福或者快乐的价值。

［D］所有商品和服务的平均价格已经上涨了50%。但同一时期，大学教育的花费几乎翻了一番。今天的大学生所受的教育比以前的好两倍吗？新员工们比以前的聪明两倍吗？还是说，不知何故教育他们变得更加昂贵了？

［E］或许有点。俄亥俄大学经济学教授理查德·维德讲到：“我查阅了数据，并发现，直到20世纪80年代中期，每年大学教育费用上涨速度比通货膨胀快1%。现在我发现，它的年增长率已经超过通货膨胀3%-4%。发生了什么？联邦政府已经将大量的钱打了水漂。”援助加大了，高校补贴贷款也发放了，“大学已经拿到钱了。”经济学家布莱恩·凯普兰正在写一本教育相关的书，他也认为：“这是一种巨大的资源浪费。但凡资助不停，浪费就不会停。”

［F］大学以及助学贷款的宣传册常把债务说成“个人投资”。但是投资本应是有回报的，从而能够还清债务。当前一半以上的应届毕业生还未找到工作，或者找到的工作对学历无要

求，而且，自1999年以来家庭负担的助学贷款债务数额增长了五倍多。这些毕业生曾被告知，对于成功，他们所需要的就是一份文凭，但是这份文凭甚至不能让他们从父母家的备用卧室里搬出来。对于大多数毕业生而言，四年大学学习最明显的结果就是偿还贷款，目前平均每个月都要还几百美元进而还清成千上万美元的贷款余额。

［G］关于工资，有一些是真实的。目前大学毕业生的工资比高中毕业生的工资高80%，而且虽然没有确切的估算，名校毕业生的工资高出的部分更多。但是这并不适用于每一个学生。花四年时间主修英国文学，毕业后比入校前更难找到工作的情况很常见。相反地，大学刚毕业的化学工程师的工资，几乎是高中毕业的初学者的四倍。

［H］诺贝尔经济学奖得主詹姆斯·赫克曼研究了大学教育对不同背景和能力水平的学生个体的回报。他说：“即便大学教育成本很高，对那些聪明上进的学生而言还是有高回报的。”另一方面，“如果你还没有做好上大学的准备，答案就是否定的，这是不值得的。”专家们比较认同这一点：对于一般学生来说，当前的大学教育是有价值的，但是他们也认为教育费用的急速上涨正吞噬着越来越多的潜在回报。对于边缘学生来说，学费上涨使得那些回报降为负值。

［I］似乎每个人都认为政府和家长们应该重新思考一下如何投资高等教育——还有，雇主也需要重新审视“越来越多的企业以大学学历作为岗位的筛选条件，但实际上该岗位并不需要大学技能”这一行为。“那些看到大学毕业生过剩，期望弥补空缺职位的雇主们正在增添这一要求。”维德说，“实际上，大学学历成了一个酒保的任职要求。”

［J］我们已经能从财政方面看到一些变化。2007年通过的一项法律允许学生们按其工资的10%偿还助学贷款，并且若25年后还未还完可以免除剩余贷款。但是当然，这也没有控制住教育成本，只是把它转移给了纳税人。该法律也鼓励大学毕业生选择低薪职位，这却进一步降低了教育的经济回报。“你这是在资助人们成为牧师、诗人等等，”赫克曼说，“或许你会认为这是件好事，或许不会。”不管哪种，这对政府来讲代价都是昂贵的。

［K］一种可能省钱的方法就是让更多的年轻人去工作。卡普兰指出，工作也能帮助他们获得有价值的技能——或许这对于那些天生不喜欢坐在教室里学习的年轻人来说更有价值。赫克曼也是由衷地赞同这个观点：“人与人是有差异的，能力是可以培养的。这是我们所知道的，公共政策应该考虑到这一点。”

［L］赫克曼希望看到更多的学徒式项目，通过这些项目孩子们可以在工作中学习——不仅学习具体的工作技能，也能学到一些“软技能”，例如按时上班、团队合作，这些都对事业成功至关重要。“它有师傅指导，是一种基于职场实践的教育，”他说道，“我已经多次看到这种项目有了显著成效。”

［M］啊，但是我们要如何达到那个效果呢？希望能通过制定更好的公共政策以及做好个人决策来实现。“从历史上看，市场能够处理这些事，”维德说，“我认为市场终将能解决这个问题。如果不能立即改善，人们将会醒悟并且问道‘我为什么要上大学呢？’”

46.【答案解析】K根据题干信息kids who don t love school可定位到K段2句。题干中kids who don t love school是对原文2句中kids who don t naturally love sitting in a classroom的同义转述；go to work是对该句中work…probably more valuable的合理推断。题干是对K段2句的合理推断，故K为答案选项。

47.【答案解析】C由题干信息an increasing number of families和more money on houses in a good school district可定位到C段2句。题干中an increasing number of families 在该句直接出现；more money on houses in a good school district是对该句中the cost of living in a good school district的同义转述。题干是对此的同义转述，故C为答案选项。

48.【答案解析】E根据题干信息Subsidized loans和a huge waste of money可定位到E

段。该段意为：大学教育费用不断增加，政府也采取措施帮助学生完成学业。但是经济学家卡普兰并不支持政府援助，认为这种援助是一种巨大的资源浪费。题干与该段语义一致，故E为答案选项。

49.【答案解析】B由题干信息More and more kids和fare worse可定位到B段2句。题干中More and more kids是对该句中an increasing number of kids的同义转述；fare worse 是对该句中worse off的同义转述；a college diploma在该句直接出现。题干是对该句的同义转述，故B为答案选项。G段4句讲到英语文学专业的大学生毕业后更难就业。但并不能由此推及到整个群体（more and more kids…fare worse），故排除G选项。

50.【答案解析】H根据题干信息not prepared for higher education和not worth it可定位到H段。根据该段主旨大意可知，不同条件下，大学教育的回报是不同的。对于那些没有准备好上大学的人来说，大学教育是不值得投资的。题干表述与之相近，因此H为答案选项。

51.【答案解析】D由题干信息cost of a college education和increased almost by 100%可定位到D段。D段旨在讲述“大学教育花费与其他商品或服务一样都在上涨”这一现象。题干表述与之相符，故D为答案选项。E段前半部分也提到了大学教育成本增加，但侧重点在于与通货膨胀的对比，故E为干扰项。

52.【答案解析】J根据题干信息A law…allows many students和pay no more than one tenth of their income可定位到J段2句。pay no more than one tenth of their income是对原文中cap their loan payment at 10 percent of their income的同义转述。根据文段大意可知，政府正在为大学教育提供财务援助，如允许毕业生最高以其工资的10%支付助学贷款。题干表述与此相符，故J为答案选项。

53.【答案解析】C由题干信息Middle class Americans和a good education可定位到C 段1句。题干的Middle class Americans与该句中middle class households相对应；highly valued是对该句中the most important thing的同义转述。再结合C段中心句可知，对中产阶级家庭来说，为孩子提供良好的教育是最重要的一件事，故C为答案选项。54.【答案解析】L根据题干信息programs，job skills和social skills可定位到L段1句。该句指出，学徒式的项目对孩子们的工作技能、处事技能都有益处。题干是对此的概括总结，故L为答案选项。

55.【答案解析】F由题干信息Over fifty percent of，recent college graduates和unemployed可定位到F段。由该段3句可知，当前一半的大学毕业生处于失业状态或者找到的工作与其文凭不符。题干与此表述一致，且题干的recent college graduates对应recent graduates；此外，unable to find a suitable job是对原文中in jobs that do not require a degree的同义转述。故F为答案选项。

Section C

Passage One

由两千名高净值人士参与的最近一项全球调查发现，大约60%的人未打算按传统方式退休。在参与调查的美国人中，75%的人期望即使从全职工作离开之后仍然在某些职位上继续工作。“这些人中的很多都是通过做自己热衷的事情来获得财富，”美国巴克莱财富公司的行为金融学负责人丹尼尔·伊根说。“如果能选择，他们更愿意继续工作。”巴克莱称这些人为“永不退休的人”。

很多美国人因公司规定而被迫提早退休，与他们不同的是，一般永不退休的人通常不会受到他人的限制。106岁的投资家欧文·卡恩是其家族企业的董事，如果他想坚持每天工作，谁能阻止他呢？78岁的最高法院法官鲁思·巴德·金斯伯格的工作安全受宪法保障。这些老人似乎在试图逃避死亡。事实上，他们的确如此。而且也起作用了。加州大学河滨分校的

霍华德·弗里德曼教授在他的研究中发现，那些工作最努力且事业成功的人往往最长寿。他说：“人们通常得到错误的建议：放慢速度、放轻松、别忧虑，退休后去佛罗里达”。他还描述了一位在100岁高龄仍然工作的研究参与者，最近因看到自己的儿子退休而感到失望。

牛津大学的人口老龄化问题研究所主任乔治·利森说：“我们开始注意到人们对退休的看法发生了改变。”曾经，人们把退休视为长期奋斗于某种悲惨工作后得到的短暂奖励，而如今这个观点近似于被遗弃了。随着人们开始“将退休不仅仅简单地看作与经济生产力相联系，而且还和贡献有关”，被利森称作“沃伦·巴菲特效应”变得越来越吸引人了。

这是否完全是一件好事，观察者们看法不一。一方面，公司和金融企业可以从坚韧的领导者的智慧中获益。另一方面，年轻一代的发展会更困难——这种观点通常对永不退休的人影响不大。

56.【答案解析】C一段5句提到“巴克莱称这些人为‘永不退休的人’”。可见本句是对一段前几句的总结，故应从上文寻找答案。从一段3句和4句的内容可知，这些人做自己喜欢的事来获得财富，且不愿退休。C选项是对此的同义转述，故为正确答案。

57.【答案解析】A根据题干中的人名定位至二段。二段1句为该段的主题句；二段2句举例：没有人能阻挡Irving Kahn工作；二段3句举例：Ruth Bader Ginsburg的工作受宪法保护。两个例子都是为了支撑1句的观点。可见，他们的共同点就是1句提到的“退休不会受到他人的限制”。A选项与此表述一致，为正确答案。

58.【答案解析】D三段4句提到：Howard Friedman的研究发现，工作努力且事业成功的人最长寿。同时结合上文，三段1句提到，那些拒绝退休的老年人似乎在逃避死亡。由此可知，老年人工作能更长寿。D选项是对此的合理推断，故为正确答案。

59.【答案解析】C四段1句提到“人们对退休的看法发生了改变”。紧接着四段2句提到：曾经，人们把退休视为长期奋斗于某种悲惨工作后得到的短暂奖励。可知，在此“曾经”的观点即题干所说的传统观点。C选项“它是对人一生的补偿”是对此的同义转述，故为正确答案。

60.【答案解析】D五段从正反两方面谈及“永不退休的人”所带来的影响：企业从领导者的智慧中获益；阻碍年轻一代的发展。D选项的prevent对应五段3句的find it more difficult；getting ahead对应to advance，即D选项是对文中第二种影响的同义转述，故正确。

Passage Two

当人们谈到刚成年就陷入负债累累境地的美国人时，谈话几乎总是关于学生贷款债务。但是，越来越多的证据表明现在的年轻人正沦陷于信用卡债务，而且其中有很多人会将债务带进坟墓。

超过20%的人入不敷出，每个月会透支100多美元。由于他们还未建立起信用记录，这些年轻人将为其信用卡债务支付相对较高的利息，这是必然的。

尽管许多年轻人将自己不能存钱归咎于社交活动，然而大多数人并未在时尚的娱乐室中喝一杯高达20美元的饮品。他们更多的是勉强维持日常的经济花销。

在很大程度上讲，年轻人和穷光蛋都在依靠信用卡勉强度日直到下一个发薪日，这种情况令人担忧。从长远来看，这显然是难以为继的，甚至在他们的收入达到顶峰时，这也会成为他们消费力的一大阻碍，因为他们还在为10年前买的一瓶橘子汁或一箱意大利面支付利息。

俄亥俄州立大学的一项新研究发现，年轻人积累信用卡债务的速度远高于其他年龄段群体，但是他们的还款速度却比较慢。“如果我们所发现的情况继续下去，未来可能会有更多的老年人面临大量财务问题，”俄亥俄州立大学经济学教授露西亚·邓恩警告说。“如果我们的发现依然存在，我们将面临老年人无力偿还信用卡的经济危机。”

邓恩说很多年轻人将永远走不出信用卡债务。“很多人的信用卡负债累累，而还款速度跟不上，以至于生命结束时都无法还清债务，这将为信用卡发卡行带来损失。”

61.【答案解析】A一段1句指出年轻人的债务问题往往指学生贷款债务。接着2句笔锋一转，指出：越来越多的证据表明现在的年轻人正沦陷于信用卡债务，而且其中有很多人会将债务带进坟墓。A选项是对该句的同义转述，故为正确答案。

62.【答案解析】B根据题干信息定位至二段2句，“Since they haven t built up their credit histories yet, it s a safe bet that these young adult…”。句中，Since 引出年轻人需要为信用卡债务支付较高利息的原因——他们还未建立起信用记录。B选项中的haven t developed a credit history对应句中的haven t built up their credit histories，因此B选项正确。

63.【答案解析】D根据题干信息可以定位在第四段，题干中的relying on credit cards to make ends meet对应四段1句的relying on credit cards to make it。紧接着四段2句指出这样做的后果，即这也会成为他们消费力的一大阻碍。D选项是对此的同义转述，故为正确答案。

64.【答案解析】B根据题干信息Lucia Dunn定位在五段，题干中的their credit card debt keeps accumulating对应该段1句的young adults are accumulating credit card debt。接着3句指出Lucia Dunn对此的看法，即我们将面临老年人无力偿还信用卡的经济危机。B 选项是对原文的同义转述，因此正确。

65.【答案解析】C根据题干信息the credit card issuing banks定位在六段2句。该句指出：很多人的信用卡负债累累，而还款速度跟不上，以至于生命结束时都无法还清债务，这将为信用卡发卡行带来损失。C选项是对文中are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life的同义转述，故正确。

1.【原句译文】“你要茶还是要咖啡？”是用餐人常被问到的问题。“Tea or Coffee?” is

a question that diners are frequently asked.

【句子分析】本句是单句。主干部分为：“你要茶还是要咖啡？”是……问题。据“是……问题”，原句可以用“主系表”结构译出。其中，问句部分可处理成选择问句，作主语。句中“用餐人常被问到的”是定语，修饰主语，因其较长，故使用which或that引导的定语从句译出，也可处理成过去分词短语。如果不会翻译“用餐人”，可用customers代替。

2.【原句译文】许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。Some westerners prefer to choose coffee, while the Chinese usually choose tea.

【句子分析】本句是复句。前后两个分句将中西方对饮品的不同选择作对比，用while 连接最能突显句子的对比关系。

3.【原句译文】相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病。Legend has it that tea was found by a Chinese emperor more than five thousand years ago, and was then used to cure diseases.

【句子分析】本句是复句。主干部分为：“……一位帝王……发现了茶，并用来治病”。具体翻译时，因为原句强调的是“茶”，可考虑将其作为主语，原句用被动语态译出。“五千年前”提醒考生应使用一般过去时态。句中“发现了茶，并用来治病”可译作并列的谓宾，用and连接。

4.【原句译文】在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国。Tea houses could be found everywhere across the country in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

【句子分析】本句是单句。主句为“茶馆遍布全国”，“在……期间”作时间状语,可调整语序将主句处理为被动语态，强调茶馆随处可见这一事实。专有名词“明清”已给出。全句

用一般过去时态。

5.【原句译文】饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到十七、十八世纪才传到欧美。The habit of drinking tea was spread to Japan in the 6th century but to Europe and America until 17th and18th centuries.

【句子分析】本句是复句。据“但”，可译为由but连接的转折分句。具体来看，“饮茶”可译作tea drinking，也可增译为“饮茶的习惯”，即the habit of drinking tea，以符合汉语表达习惯。“欧美”可据实译出,也可理解为是对西方国家的指代，译为“the West”或“the Western countries。”

6.【原句译文】如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料之一。Nowadays, tea has become one of the most popular beverages in the world.

【句子分析】本句是单句。“……是……最……的……之一”可用句型“be one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”译出。句中“世界上”表范围，作状语，置于句末。句中可使用现在完成时，含蓄地表达茶文化对现在的影响。注意beverage为可数名词。

7.【原句译文】茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。Being a national drink in China, tea is also an important component of Chinese tradition and culture. 【句子分析】本句是复句。句中“是……，也是……”，两个分句主语相同，可以将前一分句处理为现在分词短语或介宾短语，作伴随状语，比如可译为“Being/as a national drink in China”，而将后一分句处理为主句译出。“民族饮品”可译为“national drink”或“national beverage。”

【全文翻译】

“Tea or Coffee?” is a question that diners are frequently asked. Some westerners prefer to choose coffee, while the Chinese usually choose tea. Legend has it that tea was found by a Chinese emperor more than five thousand years ago, and was then used to cure diseases. Tea houses could be found everywhere across the country in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The habit of drinking tea was spread to Japan in the 6th century but to Europe and America until 17th and 18th centuries. Nowadays, tea has become one of the most popular beverages in the world. Being a national drink in China, tea is also an important component of Chinese tradition and culture.

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