作定语的非谓语动词

非谓语动词作定语

二、非谓语动词作定语 非谓语动词做定语有以下几种形式； doing 1、作动名词讲时做定语表示用途。比如、living room, swimming pool. 2、作现在分词讲时，所修饰名词或代词与其是一种主谓（主动）关系，有时还表进行。如； falling leaves, the rising sun, boiling water, a developing country, the boy standing on the ground, the man introducing modern technology into China. done(过去分词)表示被动（与所修饰的词是动宾关系）或完成。如；fallen leaves, the risen sun, boiled water, a developed country, the players selected from the whole country. being done 现在分词的被动结构，表是正在被……只做后置定语，即放在所修饰名词之后。如；the bridge being built, the meeting being held. to do （to be done）动词不定式做定语常表示将来，有主动与被动两种形式。 1、所修饰的词与不定式动作是一种被动关系（也可以说动词不定式与所修饰的词 是一种动宾关系，即所修饰的词是不定式动作的对象，）这时注意选择是用to do ,还是to be done. 1、I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term. 2、His first book to be published next month is based on a true story. 2、所修饰的词与不定式是是一种主谓（主动）关系，这些词前面常常有 the first ,the second, the last, the next, the only等修饰。 1、the next train to arrive is from Washington. 2、The last one to arrive pays the meal. 3、与所修饰的词一种同位关系，这些词通常是ability, way, chance, right, reason, need, wish等。 1、The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 2、That’s the way to do it. 注意：1、非谓语动词做定语的时，有时可以与定语从句进行转换。

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高考英语之非谓语动词作定语 ——定语定义：修饰、限定名词或代词特征和品质的词，词组和句子。分为前置定语和后置定语。 例如： 常见定语形式： ——前置定语 a good girl 一个好女孩，（形容词作定语） women teachers 女教师，（名词作定语） a waiting room 候车室（动名词作定语） the interesting book, 那本有趣的书，（现在分词作定语） fallen leaves 落叶（过去分词作定语） ——后置定语 the boy with short hair, 留短发的那个男孩，（介词短语作定语） weekends available, 空闲的周末（形容词作定语） the man mending a car,修汽车的那个男人，（现在分词作定语） the bike fixed by workers, 工人修好的那辆自行车（过去分词作定语） the train to arrive soon.即将到达的火车（to do 作定语） a bottle full of water 装满水的瓶子（形容词短语作定语） something new 新的东西(形容词作定语) （一）非谓语动词作名词或代词前置定语： 1.doing 作前置定语： （1）当doing 为动名词时，相当于名词使用。表所修饰词的用途。 例如：a swimming pool 游泳池 a walking player 随身听 a waiting room 候车室 （2）当doing为现在分词时，相当于形容词使用。与所修饰词之间为主动关系，也可表进行。

例如： ——falling leaves 落叶 解析：表leaves 与falling之间为主动关系，fall这个动作正在进行中。 ——she is an interesting girl. 她是一个有趣的女孩。 解析：interesting修饰girl, 表girl 的特征和品质。指这个女孩令别人觉得有趣。——The dying man has many encouraging books. 那个奄奄一息的人有很多鼓励人的书。 解析：dying 修饰man, 表主动、进行。encouraging 修饰books，表其特征和品质。 2. done 作前置定语：done 为过去分词，相当于形容词使用。与所修饰词之间为被动关系，也可表完成。 例如： ——fallen leaves 落叶解析：表leaves 处于fallen 状态，即表完成。——There are many finished houses last year in the city. 在这个城市里，有很多去年竣工的房子。 解析：houses 与finished 之间为被动关系，也表完成。 ——The girl is sitting there with surprised facial expressions. 那个女孩在坐在那，带着惊讶的表情。 解析：surprised 修饰facial expressions, 表the girl 具有惊讶的感受，不表示她的表情令别人惊讶。 （二）非谓语动词作名词或代词后置定语。 1. doing 作后置定语：表主动，进行。 ——The girl standing under the tree is called Lucy. 正站在树下的那个女孩叫Lucy. 解析：girl 与standing之间为主动关系，表在发生或持续动作。 ——There are some reasons referring to environment pollution. 有几个涉及到环境污染的原因。 解析：referring 作reasons 后置定语，表主动。 ——People can’t forget the person hurting them badly.

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