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As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobe －sun baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkably1 like modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with store rooms for grain and other goods. These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense2 against enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them pueblos3 , which is Spanish for town.

The people of the pueblos raised what are called the three sisters - corn, beans, and squash. They made excellent pottery4 and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they could hold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Water was so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborate ceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain.

The way of life of less settled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature. Small tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wandered the dry and mountainous lands between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animals such as small rabbits and snakes. In the Far North the ancestors of today s Inuit hunted seals, walruses5, and the great whales. They lived right on the frozen seas in shelters called igloos built of blocks of packed snow. When summer came, they fished for salmon6 and hunted the lordly caribou7.

The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on the grasslands8 between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bison, commonly called the buffalo9. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was used to make their clothing and covering of their tents and tipis.

16. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The architecture of early American Indian buildings. B. The movement of American Indians across North America. C. Ceremonies and rituals of American Indians. D. The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America.

17. It can be inferred from the passage that the

dwellings10 of the Hopi and Zuni were______. A. very small ?B. highly advanced ?C. difficult to defend ?D. quickly constructed

参考答案及解析：

16. D) 根据阅读短文可知，作者主要描述了北美地区不同印第安部落的不同的生活方式。故选项D为正确答案。

17. B) 此题为推断题。根据文章第一段可知，早在一千年前Hopi和Zuni两支北美印第安部落就用一种砖坯 adobe 来建造房屋，高可达四层楼高，有居住室还有储藏室，颇像现代的公寓，故选项B （高度发达）为正确答案。

I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。

He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。

The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

My sister likes to learn art pottery in her spare time.我妹妹喜欢在空余时间学习陶艺。

The pottery was left to bake in the hot sun.陶器放在外面让炎热的太阳烘晒焙干。

Walruses have enormous appetites and hunt for food almost constantly. 海象食欲极大，几乎一直在猎取食物。来自互联网

Two Atlantic walruses snuggle on an ice floe near Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada. 加拿大努勒维特伊格卢利克附近，两头大西洋海象在浮冰上相互偎依。来自互联网

We saw a salmon jumping in the waterfall there.我们看见一条大马哈鱼在那边瀑布中跳跃。

Do you have any fresh salmon in at the moment?现在有新鲜大马哈鱼卖吗？

Afar off he heard the squawking of caribou calves.他听到远处有一群小驯鹿尖叫的声音。

The Eskimos played soccer on ice and used balls filled with caribou hair and grass.爱斯基摩人在冰上踢球，他们用的是驯鹿的毛发和草填充成的球。

Songs were heard ringing loud and clear over the grasslands. 草原上扬起清亮激越的歌声。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat. 草原已经开垦出来，种上了小麦。来自《简明英汉词典》

Asian buffalo isn’t as wild as that of America’s. 亚洲水牛比美洲水牛温顺些。

The boots are made of buffalo hide. 这双靴子是由水牛皮制成的。

The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices. 新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。

The hovels which passed for dwellings are being pulled down. 过去用作住室的陋屋正在被拆除。来自《简明英汉词典》

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