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剑桥英语教学能力认证考试教程-TKT Course-Unit24

剑桥英语教学能力认证考试教程-TKT Course-Unit24
剑桥英语教学能力认证考试教程-TKT Course-Unit24

Unit24 Selection and use of supplementary

Materials and activities

?How do select and use supplementary materials and activities?

Supplementary materials are books and other materials we can use in addition to the coursebook. They include skills development materials, grammar, vocabulary and phonology practice materials, collections of communicative activities and teacher’s resource materials. Supplementary materials may also come from authentic sources (e.g. newspaper and magazine articles, video, etc.).

Some coursebook packages include supplementary materials and activities specially designed to fit the coursebook syllabus,and there are also many websites where you can download supplementary materials. We select supplementary materials and activities first by recognizing that we need something more than (or different from) the material in the coursebook, and than by knowing where to find the most appropriate kinds of material.

?Key concepts

Make a list of all the reasons you can think of for using supplementary materials and activities. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the supplementary materials in the box below?

There are various reasons why we might want to use supplementary materials and activities. Some of the main reasons are as follows:

●to replace unsuitable material in the coursebook

●to fill gaps in the coursebook

●to provide suitable material for learners’ particular needs and interests

●to give learners extra language or skills practice

●to add variety to our teaching

Coursebooks are organized according to a syllabus, and they are often carefully graded(i.e. grammatical structures, vocabulary, skills, etc. are presented in a helpful sequence for learning), so that learners’ knowledge of the language builds up step by step through the book. Supplementary materials and activities can provide

variety in lessons and useful extra practice, but it is important to make sure that they fit into the learners’programme, are suitable for the class and match the aims for particular lessons. Here are some of the possible advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of supplementary materials:

?Key concepts and the language teaching classroom

Selection of supplementary materials and activities

●Get to know what supplementary materials are available in your school. Use a

questionnaire or interviews for needs analysis (see gage 110) at the beginning of the course to find out what you will want to add to the coursebook when you are planning your scheme of work.

●Supplementary language practice materials are not always accompanied by

teacher’s books, and the aims of activities may not be clear. When selecting material, therefore, you need to think about exactly how it will replace or improve on material in your coursebook.

●It may be useful to use authentic material (which is not designed for a

particular level), in order to give learners the experience of working with more challenging texts and tasks.

●The activities in materials designed to develop individual skills often include

the use of other skills, e.g. learners need to read a text before they carry out a listening task, or to do some writing as a follow-up activity after a speaking activity. When selecting materials and activities, think carefully about all the skills that are required.

●Many publishers produce materials for practicing separate language skills at

different levels. Teacher’s resource books, too, usually list tasks and activities according to level. Before deciding to use these materials, however, you should check how appropriate the level is for your learners. Think about the language they will need to understand or to produce.

Use of supplementary materials and activities

●Learners get used to the methodology in their coursebook. If you are using

supplementary materials with very different procedures, you may need to give special attention to instructions.

●You can adapt many supplementary materials for use with classes at different

levels. The texts used in these materials may not be graded, but you can grade the activities by making the learners’ tasks more or less challenging.

●Games and extra communicative activities can provide variety and make

learning fun. But you need to think about your reasons for using them, so that your lesson still has a clear purpose. Older learners may want to know why they are doing these activities.

See Units 22 for consulting reference resources and Unit 23 for the selection and use of coursebook materials.

FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITY (See page 174 for answers)

Here are ten sets of instructions for the kinds of activities you might find in a book of supplementary materials. For each one, decide:

---what level(s) it is suitable for (i.e. elementary, intermediate, advanced)

---what do you think the aims are

---what materials (if any) the teacher needs to prepare

---if it focuses on particular language

1.In pairs, compare your list of ideas for staying healthy. Then agree on the six

most useful ideas. Next, get together with another pair and decide on a group list of the six best ideas. Put these ideas in order according to their usefulness.

2.Describe the picture to your partner so that s/he can draw it. When you have

finished, compare your pictures and discuss the reasons for any differences. 3.Send one member of your group outside the classroom to read the next

sentence. He or she must remember the sentence without writing it down, than come back and dictate the sentence to the group.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2c204816.html,e your dictionary to find as much information as you can about your word.

Discuss with the other students in your group how the meanings of your words are connected and then explain the connections to the class.

5.Decide which stories are true and which are false. Then choose one to tell to

the rest of the class for them to make the same decision.

6.Read the definition to the class for them to guess the word.

7.Listen to the words on the recording and check whether you have underlined

the correct syllables.

8.Correct the text so that it matches the information in the picture.

9.Write the next part of the story on the computer. When you have finished,

move to the next computer and continue the story you see on the screen.

10.Go to the blackboard and rub out one word in the sentence, so that the words

that are left on the board still form a correct sentence.

REFLECTION

Think about these comments from teachers. Which do you agree with and why?

1.T here’s more than enough material in my coursebook. I don’t have time to use

supplementary materials.

2.My students get board with the same book in every lesson, so I use

supplementary materials as often as I can.

3.I’d like to use supplementary materials more often, but I find it difficult to fit

them into my syllabus.

DISCOVERY ACTIVITIES

1.Keep a record of the supplementary materials you use during one week’s

teaching. Make notes on the reasons for using the material, how it worked and what changes you would make if you use it again. Put you notes in your TKT portfolio.

2.Choose two or three supplementary activities you have used recently. Make

notes on the changes you would need to make to use the material at different levels.

3.For ideas on using-and making- supplementary materials, have a look at

Module 13,Units Four and Five of A Course in Language Teaching by Penny Ur. Cambridge University Press 1996, Sections 2-4 and 9-9 Learning Teaching by Jim Scrivener (2nd edition, Macmillan 2005) and Chapter 4 of Teaching Practice Handbook (second edition) by Roger Gower, Diane Phillips and Steve Walters, Macmillan 1995.

4.You can find more ideas for using supplementary materials at Dave’s ESL

Caféhttps://www.sodocs.net/doc/2c204816.html,/ideas/index.html and a very useful list of links to other websites where you can find supplementary materials at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2c204816.html,/links.html

TKT practice task (See page 176 for answers)

For questions 1-7, choose which book listed A-H could help a teacher who made the following comments.

There is one extra option with you do not need to use.

Teacher’s comments

1.I’ve been teaching for a long time, but I really need some fresh ideas for

teaching grammar to low-level learners.

2.I’m not sure how to use websites for teaching English.

3.I’m looking for activities to help my teenage elementary learners develop

their fluency, but I haven’t got time to do a lot of extra preparation.

4.I’m interested in using poems and short stories in my language classes.

5.I want a book that explains pronunciation and give me some ideas about how

to teach it.

6.My learners need lots of extra tasks for reading practice, but I haven’t got

time to search for supplementary materials at the right level.

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