高一下册
Unit 13-14, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.junk food 垃圾食物
2. in the future 在将来
3. plenty of 大量
4. ought to 应该
5.keep up with 赶上
6. no longer 不再
7.had better 最好
8. make choices about 在……方面做出选择
9. be good for 对……有好处
10. offer advice about 在……方面提供建议
11. keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
12.lose weight 减肥
13. keep fit 保持健康
14.in life 一生中
15. gain weight 增肥
16. now and then 不时, 时而
17. cut…into pieces 把……切成一片片
18. roll up 卷起来
19. make a list 列一个清单
20. have a fever 发烧
21. become part of 成为……的部分
22. dress up 打扮, 盛装
23. make a decision 做决定
24. a seven-day festival 一个七天的节日
25. get together 聚在一起
26. as…as one can 尽某人所能
27. play a trick on 捉弄某人
28. give away 藏起来
29.care about 关心, 关爱
30. take in 欺骗
难点讲解:
1. hurt
【用法一】vt. 痛
例如：I got a fall just now, and my knee hurts a lot. 我刚才摔了一跤，现在我的膝盖痛极了。
【用法二】vt. 使痛；伤害
例如：He hurt his left leg in the physical education lesson.
在体育课上他把自己的左腿给弄伤了。
【用法三】vt. 伤害（情感等）
例1:：Her words hurt me a lot. 她的话很伤我的心。
例2：Your words hurt her feelings.你的话伤了她的感情。【用法四】hurt n. 伤害
例如：It was a severe hurt to his pride. 那对他的自尊心是个严重的创伤。
【相关链接】
hurtful adj. 有害的
例如：Eating too much is hurtful to health. 吃得太多有损健康。
2. contain
【用法一】vt. 包含；含有
例1：This kind of plant contains lots of water. 这种植物含有丰富的水分。
例2：The atlas contains twenty maps. 这本地图册由20幅地图集成。
【用法二】vt. 等于(be equal to). 折合
例如：A gallon contains eight pints. 1加仑等于8品脱。
【用法二】
container n. 容器
例如：Is the container large enough for that? 这个容器能装得下那东西吗？
3. equipment
【用法】n. [U] 设备；装备
例1：He offered us a new piece of equipment. 他给我们捐助了一件新设备。
例2：This is a shoe factory with modern equipment. 这是家制鞋厂配有现代化设备的鞋厂。
【相关链接】equip vt. 装备；配备
例1：Our army is equipped with modern weapons. 我们的军队已经配备了现代化的武器。
例2：Everyone, equip yourself for the task. 大家注意啦，把东西准备好，去干吧。
4.give advice on…
give advice on …就……提出意见（看法）
例1：Please give me some advice on my English learning. 请对我的英语学习提出一些意见。
例2：Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
马克思对如何学习外语提出了自己的看法。
5.make suggestions
make suggestions 提出建议
例如：He was asked to make suggestions for their experiment.
他们请他对他们的实验提出一些建议。
6.all the time
all the time 一直
例如：They went on well with their research all the time. 他们的研究一直进展顺利。
7.be careful with
be careful with留神；小心
例如：You should be careful with your spelling. 你在拼写方面应当仔细一些。
【相关链接】
1) be careful 小心；留神
例1：Be careful not to make the same mistake again. 小心别再犯同样的错误。
例2：Be careful with what you are doing. 留神一点，别出差错。
2) be careful of当心
例如：Don’t drink too much. Be careful of your health. 别喝太
1
多了，当心你的身体。
3) be careless in 在……方面粗心大意
例如：He is always careless in his work. 他在工作中老是粗心大意。
8. keep up with
keep up with 与……保持一致；跟上
例1：I have to work hard to keep up with my classmates. 为了跟上我的同学，我必须努力学习。
例2：Dad, please slow down a bit. I can’t keep up with you. 爸，请您走慢一点；我跟不上您了。
【相关链接】
1) keep up 保持（高昂的气势等）
例1：Prices still keep up. 物价仍然高居不下。
例2：I really hope that such nice weather will keep up. 我真希望这样的好天气能再持续下去。
2) keep out (使……)不进入
例1：Danger! Keep out! 危险!不要入内！
例2：They shut all the windows to keep out the cold air. 他们将窗子全关上了，不让冷空气入室。
3) keep off 使不靠近
例1：They made a fire to keep off wild animals. 他们生了一堆火来驱赶野畜。
例2：They put up a notice in the garden, saying, ―Keep off‖. 他们在花园里是竖起一块牌子，上面写着―匆踏草地‖。4) keep away (from…)使远离；不接近
例1：You must keep the children away from the pool. 你一定不要让那些孩子靠近水池。
例2：What kept you away yesterday? 你昨天怎么没有来？
9.make (many) choices
make (many) choices 作出（许多）抉择
例1：We should learn how to make choices. 我们应当学会如何作出选择。
例2：She has made a good choice to marry him. 她决定嫁给他是一个好的选择。
10.be good for
be good for 对……有好处
例1：Doing more exercises is good for your health. 多做体操对你的身体健康有益。
例2：Eating apples is good for your brain. 吃苹果对你的大脑有益。
【相关链接】
1) be good at 擅长……
例如：My seatmate is good at playing computer games. 我的同桌很会玩电脑游戏。
2) do good to 对……有好处
例如：Eating more vegetables does good to your health. 多吃蔬菜有益于你的健康。
11.bass… on
bass …on 建立在……基础上；以……为根据
例1：His theory is based on many experiments. 他的理论是建
立在多次实验基础上的。
12.be harmful (to)
be harmful (to ) (对……)有害
例1：Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害于你的健康。
例2：Reading in bed is harmful to your eyesight. 躺在床上看书对你的视力有害。
【相关链接】
1) do harm to 对……有害
例1：Eating a lot and exercising little do harm to your health. 吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害。
例2：That kind of work does much harm to workers’ lungs. 那种工作对工人的肺部健康有极大的损害。
例3：It will do you no harm. 这对你无害。
例4：There’s no harm in your staying up late occasionally. 你偶尔迟睡无伤大雅。
2) harm vt. 伤害
例如：Years of hard work harmed her a lot. 多年的劳累对她的身体伤害很大。
13.choose from
choose from 从……中选择
例1：The teacher chose three from us boys to do the job.
老师从我们男生中选了三个同学去做那件事。
【相关链接】
1) take one’s choice 任某人自行选择
例如：There’re many kinds of toys. Take your choice, Tom. 有多种玩具。汤姆，你自己随便挑一件吧。
2) one’s choice 所选定的人或物
例1：―He’s my choice, Dad,‖ said the girl shyly. ―爸，他就是我的意中人。‖那姑娘腼腆地说。
例2：That’s my choice. 我就要那个了。（那就是我的选择。）
14.be prepared for
be prepared for 为……做好了准备
例1：We are prepared for the coming test. 我们已做好了迎考准备。
例2：Are you all prepared for the performance? 你们都做好了演出的准备工作吗？
【相关链接】
1) prepare … for …为……做准备
例1：The hostess has prepared everything for the guests. 女主人为迎接客人做好了充分的准备。
例2：We have to prepare ourselves for the school sports meet.
我们必须为参加校运会做好充分的准备。
2) be ready for 为……做好了准备
例1：Are you ready (for the dictation)? 你们（为听写）准备好了吗？
例2：I’m always ready for my motherland. 为了祖国的利益，我时刻准备着。
3) get ready for把……准备好
例1：Get the room ready for our meeting, Mary.
2
玛莉，去把房间收拾一下，我们要开个会议。
例2：Why not get yourself ready for the final test, Jim? 吉姆，怎么不去为期末考试准备一下呢？
15.be short of
be short of 缺少……
例1：We are short of workforce and money for the project. 进行这项工程，我们还缺少劳力和资金。
例2：The crops are short of water, for it hasn’t rained for days.这些农作物缺水，因为有好些日子没有下雨了。
【相关链接】
in short 简言之；一言以蔽之
例1：In short, Mr. White has devoted so much to our school. 简言之，怀特先生为我校做出了太我的奉献。
例2：In short, we should depend on ourselves in our studies. 简言之，在学习方面我们得依靠自己才行。
16.stay fit and healthy
stay fit and healthy 保持健康状况
例1：Good diet helps you stay fit and healthy. 良好的饮食习惯能使你保持健康。
【相关链接】
1) keep fit 保持健康
例1：Mum often dances to keep fit. 妈妈常跳跳舞来保持形体匀称。
2) stay up 熬夜（读书、工作等）
例1：He stayed up reading till midnight. 他读书直到半夜。
例2：Never stay up, especially before an important test. 不要开夜车，尤其是在大考前不要这样。
17.describe
【用法】vt. 描述；描绘
例1：The police asked the lady to describe what she had seen.警察要那位女士把她当时所见的一切描述一番。
例2：The leader of the workers described a bright future for the workers.那位领袖向那些工人们描绘了一幅美好未来的景象。
【相关链接】
description n. 描写；描述；形容
例1：She's given a vivid description of her beautiful village.她如实地把自己美丽的村庄进行了一番描述。
例2：The scenery was beautiful beyond my description. 那景致美得我难以形容。
例3：Can you give a description of the robber？你能说出那抢劫犯的模样吗？
18.Favourite
【用法一】adj. 最受欢迎的；最令人喜爱的
例1：Her favourite food is fish.她最喜欢的食物是鱼。
例2：What's your favourite subject?你最喜欢哪一门学科？
【用法二】n. 最受喜爱的（人或物）
例1：The secretary is the favourite of the chief manager. 那位秘书是总经理的宠儿。
例2：The dog is my grandma's favourite.那条狗备受我奶奶的宠爱。
【相关链接】
1）favour n. 恩宠；关爱
例1：With her boss's favour, she's always putting her nose up.
因为有了她的老板宠着，她总是摆出一副趾高气扬的样子。
例2：The old teacher is high in his students' favour.那位老教师深受她的学生敬爱。
2）favour vt. 偏袒；对……有利
例1：A teacher should not favour any of his students.老师不应当偏袒任何一个学生。
例2：Could you favour us with another song?请你再给我们唱一首歌，好吗？
例3：The weather favoured our journey.天气好，使得我们旅行非常顺利。
3）in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
例如：The situation is in our favour （=in favour of us ）形势对我们有利。
4）do sb. a favour （=ask a favour of sb.）帮某人一个忙例1：Could you do me a favour, sir?先生，您能帮我一下吗？
例2：May I ask a favour of you?请您帮个忙，好吗？
5）favourable adj. 有帮助的；赞许的
例1：The newcomer will be favourable in our work.新来的伙计会对我们的工作有帮助。
例2：Is Mr. White favourable to our 怀特先生赞成我们的提议吗？
19.allow
【用法】vt. 同意；许可
例1：My parents allow me to play computer games only on Sundays.仅仅在星期天我的父母才同意我玩电脑游戏。
例2：Our school doesn't allow going swimming on weekdays.我校不允许任何人在工作日去游戏。
注意：当allow 后面不带宾语（sb.）时，不用不定式，而用v-ing形式。
20.argument
【用法】n. 争辩；争论
例1：There was an argument between them about what food should be for their son’s birthday dinner.他俩为儿子生日晚餐应吃什么争了起来。
例2：The misunderstanding caused the argument.误解导致了这次争吵。
【相关链接】
argue vi. 争辩；争论
例1：What did they argue about last night?他们昨晚为了什么争论起来了？
例2：I don’t want to argue about it with you any more.我不想为这事再与你争了。
21.create
【用法一】vt. 创造
3
例1：Most Westerners believe that God created the world. 大多数西方人信奉：上帝创造了世界。
例2：In her novel she created a few honest characters.她在小说中创造了几个诚实的人物。
【用法二】vt. 生产；制造
例1：What he did has created a bad impression.他的行为给人一种恶劣的印象。
例2：The factory has created better products.这家工厂生产（制造）了更好的产品。
【相关链接】
1）creation n. 创造；产品
例1：Her work is really a great creation in arts.她的作品真是一件了不起的艺术品。
例2：No on knows the creation of the world.无人知晓世界是怎样产生的。
2）creative adj. 有创造力的；具有创造性的
例1：That's a creative idea.真是一个有创意的想法。
例2：Mr. Brown is a creative bridge designer.布朗先生是一位有创意的桥梁设计师。
22.characteristic
【用法】n. 特点；特征
例1：Humour is one of his characteristics.幽默是他的特点之一。
例2：These are the characteristics of the old temple.这些就是这座古寺的特征。
【相关链接】
character n. 性格；特性（点）；人物；文字
例1：He is man with determined character.他是一个性格果断的人。
例2：What’s the character of your newly made machine?你们新近生产的机器有什么特点？
例3：Sports are good for a student to build his character. 体育运动有助于学生人格的形成。
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,munity
【用法】n. 社区
例1：He is head of the Chinese community in San Francisco.他是旧金山华人社区的负责人。
例2：She goes to the community center every day。她天天去社区活动中心。
【相关链接】
1）commune n. 公社
例如：the Commune of Paris 巴黎公社
2）communist n. 共产主义者；adj. 共产主义的
例1：Many communists lay down their lives during the Revolution.革命时期许多共产主义者牺牲了。
例2：The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.中国共产党是1921年成立的。
3）communication n. 沟通；通信
例1：Learn to use the computer if you want to have good communication with the world.
如果你想能够与世界好好沟通的话，去学习使用电脑吧。
例2：Advanced countries usually have excellent communications.发达国家通常具有完备的通讯网络。
24.solve
【用法】vt. 解决（问题）
例1：We have to find ways to solve the traffic problems.
我们得想出办法来解决交通问题。
例2：All the problems have been solved.所有的问题都已解决。
25.fool
【用法一】vt. & vi. 欺骗；愚弄；捉弄
例1：The man fooled her out of all her money.那男子把她的钱全骗走了。
例2：The politician fooled lots of people into believing his words.那个政客骗得许多人相信了他的话。
例3：Can’t you stop fooling?别再做傻事行不行？
【用法二】n. 傻瓜，呆子
例1：Tom is a fool, who even believes in her.汤姆真是傻子一个；他居然相信她。
例2：You fool! 你真傻!
【用法三】adj. 愚笨的
例如：I was fool enough to do that for her.我真够笨的，居然会为了她去做那样的事。
【相关链接】
foolish adj. 愚蠢的；不明智的；荒谬的
例1：Not being able to tell the difference, you are foolish 这种区别也分辨不清，你真蠢。
例2：It was foolish of her to marry that man.她把自己嫁给了那男子，真不明智。
例3：She looks foolish in that dress.她穿那样的衣服，看起来真可笑。
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,pare…with…
compare…with…与……进行比较
例1：Let's compare Christmas with the Spring Festival, shall we? 咱们将―圣诞节‖与―春节‖进行一番比较，好吗？
例2：Why not compare your homework with hers?何不将你自己的作业与她的作业比较一下呢？
注意：compare to表示―把……比作……‖。
例如：Girls are usually compared to flowers.女孩常被比作花朵。
27.learn about
learn about 了解
例如：Scientists are trying to learn more about the ocean.
科学家们在设法更多地了解海洋。
【相关链接】
1）learn from sb. 向某人学习
例如：We should learn from Comrade Lei Feng.我们应当向雷峰学习。
2）learn…from sb. 从某人那里得知……
例如：I learnt the news from Mr. Wang. 我是从王老师那里
4
得知这一消息的。
3）learn of ….得知……
例如：I learned of her lung cancer this morning.我是在今天上午才得知也患了肺癌。
4）learn…by heart 熟记；背诵
例如：Class, please learn this paragraph by heart.同学们，请认真记熟（背诵）这一段。
28.get together
get together 聚会；联欢
例1：They are to get together next Saturday.他们计划于下周星期六进行联欢。
例2：All of my classmates will get together in our former class adviser’s home.我们全班同学会去我们原班主任家里聚会。
【相关链接】
1）get along 设法度过；活过
例如：I can hardly get along Christmas without sending you a gift.在圣诞节不给你送一件礼物，我真不知怎样度过这个节日。
2）get along with sb. 与某人相处
例如：The newcomer is getting along well with all of us.这位新来的同学与我们大家相处甚好。
3）get along with sth. 某事进展……
例如：How are you getting along with your English studies?你的英语学习进展如何？
4）get away with sth. 拿某物潜逃；卷走某物
例如：The manager has got away with a large amount of money.那经理携持巨款潜逃了。
5）get back 回来；取回
例1：He got back from abroad yesterday.他昨天从国外回来。
例2：Go and get back my magazine.
去把我的杂志取回来。
29.in common
in common相同
例1：Chinese and Japanese have a lot in common in eating.在吃的方面，中国人和日本人有许多相同之处。
例2：They have nothing in common with one another.他们彼此毫无共同之处。
30.believe in
believe in 信任；信赖
例1：Most Westerners believe in God.大多数西方人信奉上帝。
例2：Fewer and fewer citizens believe in their government in the country.在那个国家，越来越少的市民对政府存有信心。【相关链接】
believe vt. 相信（某人说的话）
例如：No one believed him （his words / what he said.）没有人相信他说的是真话。
31.give away
give away 赠送；分送；泄露
例1：He gave away most of his money to the poor villagers.他把大部分钱都给了那些贫苦的村民。
例2：The headmaster gave away each of us a medal at the celebration.在庆功会上，校长给我们每人发了一枚勋章。
例3：His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。
32.play tricks on sb.
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑
例如：Jack likes playing tricks on his classmates.杰克喜欢捉弄他的同学。（杰克喜欢拿他的同学寻开心。）
33.take in
take in上当；吸收（营养、水分等）；招收
例1：She is easy to be taken in.她很容易上当。
例2：My sister was taken in by Beijing University last year.
去年我姐姐考上北大了。
语法精讲：
情态动词(I)
had better，should，ought to
1．had better
had better的意思是“最好”，后面接动词原形，表示说话人希望对方做什么。had better not则表示说话人希望对方最好不要做什么。
e．g．You had better see a doctor．
你最好找大夫看看。
You had better not go home now．
你现在最好不要回家。
2．should
should通常表示劝告，建议，意思是“应该”。
e．g．You should keep your promise．
你应该履行诺言。
You should invite him to the party．
你应该邀请他参加舞会。
3．ought to
(1)ought to常用来表示因为有责任、义务，而应该做某事，
通常与should意思相近。
e．g．The students ought to obey the school rules．
学生们应遵守校规。
Oughtn't we to give him a chance to try?
我们难道不应该给他一个尝试的机会吗?
(2)ought to也常用来表示劝告或建议，意思是“应当”，“宜
于”。
e．g．There ought to be more buses during the rush hours．在上下班乘客拥挤的时刻，公共汽车应当多一点。
(3)ought to还可表示猜测，意思是“理应”，“总应该”。
e．g．If he started at seven，he ought to be here now．
要是他七点钟出发，这会儿总应该到了。
5
情态动词(Ⅱ)
must，have to，have got to
1．must
(1)表示“必须，应当，非……不可”。否定式是must not或mustn't，表示强烈的禁止，意思是“不得……”，“不准……”。e．g．You must tell your reason．
你必须讲出你的理由。
You mustn't speak like that to your mother．
你不准像那样对你的妈妈讲话。
(2)在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn't，表示“不必”，语气比较委婉。
e．g．—Must I do it?
－我必须做这件事吗?
—Yes，you must．
No，you needn't．
一是的，你非做不可。
不，你不必做它。
(3)表示说话人对某事的猜测，意思是“一定”，“准是”，只用于肯定句中。
e．g．You must be tired after the long walk．走了远路，你一定很累了。
2．have to，have got to
以上两词，都表示“必须”，“不得不”，在这个意义上与must很相近，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have，have got to则表示客观的需要，而且还有更多的时态形式。e．g．I have to / have got to go now．
我现在得走了。
Then you will have to/ have got to go back at once．
即你得立刻回去。
He had to / had got to work day and night in the old days．
他在旧社会不得不日夜干活。
单元检测
一、单项选择
1.It is better ______ the right choices about what and how we eat.
A. make
B. to make
C. making
D. makes
2.Our country has changed a lot, _______.
A. so does my hometown.
B.my home-town has so.
C. as has my hometown.
D. my hometown has as.
3.Junk food means ______ food.
A. polluted
B. dirty
C. green
D. unhealthy
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,anic vegetables are good ______ our health while junk food will do harm ____ our health.
A. for; for
B. to; to
C. to; for
D. for; to
5.--- Ought we _____ clean the class room today?
--- Yes, you _____.
A. to; ought to
B. /; ought
C. ought; ought
D. /; ought to
6.There are __of dictionaries in the bookshop ___you can
choose one.
A. a plenty of; from which
B. a great deal of; which
C. many; for which
D. a lot of; from which
7.I advised you ____ drink water that isn’t _____ any more.
A. not; boiled
B. not to; boiling
C. not; boiling
D. not to; boiled
8.--- What did Mary have ____ break-fast this morning?
--- She was late for school and hurried off ____ breakfast.
A. for; without
B. at; without
C. for; after
D. at; after
9.--- Would you like some more chicken?
--- No, thanks. I am ____ a diet and I’m trying to ____ weight.
A. on; lose
B. our; put on
C. in; have
D. in lose
10._____ you will burn up in a relay race?
A.Do you think how much energy.
B.How do you think much energy.
C.How do you think much energy.
D.How much energy do you think.
11.We won’t give up _____ we should fail ten time.
A. even if
B. since
C. whether
D. until
12.--- Merry Christmas!
--- ______.
A.Thank you
B.The same to you
C. All right
D. The same as you
13.We can hear the sound _____ the light when the thunder
strikes.
A. following
B. follow
C. followed by
D. to follow
14.Tom, as well as his classmates, ____ going to watch the
game.
A. will be
B. is
C. are
D. were
15.He discovered in the ground a pot ___ 32 000 Chinese
medal coins.
A. containing
B. contained
C. to contain
D. contain
16.We have a three-day holiday during ___ May Day,___
National Day and ____ Spring Festival.
A. /; /; the,
B. the; the; /
C. the; /; the
D. the; the; the
17.The ______ winter vacation will come in _____.
A. 20-days
B. 20-day
C. 20 days
D.20 days’
18.I want to meet a man ______ John Smith.
A. calling
B. called
C. to call
D. calls
19.Chinese and Japanese culture have many _____.
6
A. in the common
B. on the common
C. in common
D. on common
20.Mary together with his classmates, _____ going to watch the game.
A. is
B. are
C. will be
D. will
21._____ it is raining, we needn’t water the flowers.
A. Because
B. As
C. Sine
D. For
22.Middle school students are not allowed _______.
A. to smoke
B. smoking
C. smoke
D. smoked
23.On April Fool’s Day people often play tricks _____ others.
A. to
B. with
C. on
D. in
24.If a person is taken in, he or she is called April fool! Which of following have the same meaning with the words underline.
A. fined
B. cheated
C. scolded
D. praised
25.The ______ candles gave some _____ in the dark hall.
A. lighted; lights
B. burnt; light
C. lighted; light
D. burning; lights
26.It is ______ that Tom will win the game.
A. likely
B. possibly
C. probably
D. perhaps
27.______ is a festival mainly for African Americans.
A. Easter
B. Onam
C. Ramadan
D. Kwanzaa
28. I can hear some voices. There _____ be some students in the class room.
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. ought
29.We can see the light ______ the sound when a thunder strikes.
A. following
B. followed by
C. to follow
D. follow
30.Gold is similar_____ colour ______ brass(铜).
A. in; to
B. to; to
C. to; in
D. in; in
二、完形填空：
When you are learning English, you find 31 wrong to translate a sentence word for word into your 32 language. Take the sentence ―How do you do?‖ as an 33 . If you look 34 each word in the 35 , one at a time, what is your 36 ? It must be a 37 sentence in your native language. Languages do not only have different sounds, they are also 38 in many other ways. It is very 39 to master the rules of word 40 in the study of English, too. If the 41 puts words in a very unusua l order, the listener doesn’t 42 the speaker’s sentence easily.
Another thing we must always 43 is that there are a lot of 44 in the English language. For example when we say ―look out!‖ to a man who is in danger, we 45 mean ―Be careful!‖
When people are parting, they often say ―Good—bye
46 ‖ ―Bye—bye!‖ But sometimes they 47 say ―Good
morning!‖ or ―Good afternoon!‖ or ―Good evening!‖48 ―Good night!‖ to one another 49 ―Good—bye!‖ You will find few people 50 who know that ―Good—bye!‖ is a short way of saying ―God be with you!‖
31.A. it B. that C. you D. yourself
32.A. second B. spoken C. native D. foreign
33.A. advice B. example C. article D. answer
34.A. up B. at C. after D. down upon
35.A. sentence B. book C. Phrase D. dictionary
36.A.idea B. meaning C. answer D. translation
37.A. wrong B. interesting
C. puzzled
D. strangely
38.A. same B. different C. similar D. alike
39.A. important B. easy C. simple D. hard
40.A. place B .stress C. order D. formation
41.A. speaker B. listener C. reader D. writer
42.A. read B. repeat C. translate D. understand
43.A. remember B. say C. do D. deal with
44.A. letters B. words C. phrases D. idioms
45.A. hardly B. nearly C. really D. clearly
46.A. and B. or C. instead D. as well
47.A.don’t B. must C. should D. may
48.A. or B. nor C. either D. neither
49.A.without B. instead of C. unless D. more than
50.A.today B. tomorrow C. in future D. in the past
三、阅读理解
A
A car needs gas to run and your body also needs food to work
for you. Eating the right kind of food is very important. It can help your body grow strong to take care of what you eat.
There are four main food groups altogether. The dairy group has food like milk, cheese and sour milk. The other three groups are the meat and fish group, the fruit and vegetable group, and the bread and rice group. Each meal should have at least one food from all four main groups. With all these food together, you will be given enough energy during the day.
It is easy to get into bad eating habits. You may eat your breakfast in a hurry to get to school on time. Or you may not have time for a good lunch. It may seem easy to finish your supper with fish and chips all the time. But you will find yourself tired in these days and you can not think quickly.
Watching what you eat will help keep your body healthy and strong. It is also good to take some exercise. It will help you eat more if you take a walk or play games in the open air. Having a good eating habit with some exercise is the key to your health.
51. Which of the following diets do you think is the best one?
A.Eggs, tomatoes and chicken.
B. Milk, bread, cabbages and beef.
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C.Corn, fish, cream and pork.
D. Rice, beancurd（豆腐）, apples, fish and chicken.
52. Which of the following is a good eating-habit?
A. Going to school without any breakfast
B. Eating fish and chips for supper all the time..
C. Having at least one food from all four groups each meal.
D. Having different food from all four food groups.
53. In this passage the writer mainly tells us that _____.
A. every person needs food to grow well
B taking exercise can keep your body strong
C. the right kind of food with exercise will keep you healthy
D. enough energy helps people think more quickly
54. The underlined word ―dairy‖ in the second passage means _____.
A. the food made out of cows such as milk and butter
B. she shop that sells milk and butter
C. a farm where cows are kept
D. a place where milk products are made.
55. The best title for this passage is _____.
A. The Four Food Groups
B. A Healthy Diet
C. Your Body And Food
D. Food And Your Health
B
Is there anything more important than health? I don’t think so. ―Health is the greatest wealth(财富),‖ wis e people say. You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should go to the doctor. The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest X-rayed. After that he will advise some treatment, or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice. Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story.
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: ―Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.‖ The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked cheerful and happy. He thanked the doctor and said that
he had never felt a healthier man.
―But you know, doctor,‖ he said, ―it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.‖
56. The writer thinks that.
A.health is more important than wealth
B. work is as important as studies
C.medicine is more important than pleasure
D. nothing is more important than money
57. The doctor usually tells his patient what to do.
A.without examining the patient
B. after he has examined the patient
C.if the patient doesn’t take medicine
D. unless the patient feels pain
58. The underlined part means ―‖.
A.he was feeling better than ever
B. he wasn’t a healthy man
C.he was feeling worse than before
D. he will be well again
59. From the last sentence of the passage, we learn the man
before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette
a day.
A. was a heavy smoker
B. didn’t smoke so much
C. didn’t smoke
D. began to learn to smoke
60. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The doctor usually tests his/her blood pressure when a person
is ill.
B. The man told the doctor he couldn’t remembe r things.
C. The man thanked the doctor.
D. The man didn’t follow the doctor’s advice.
Unit 15-16, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1. solve the mystery 揭开迷团
2. would rather do …宁愿做……
3. accept the invitation 接受邀请
4. after all 毕竟
5. call on 拜访(某人)
6. try on 试穿
7. day and night 日日夜夜
8. pay off 还清
9. at most 最多, 至多
10. be worth 值……
11. earn a lot of money 赚很多钱
12. act out 表演出来
13. come up with 想出, 找到
14. advantages and disadvantages 利弊
15. conduct a number of experiment 做了很多实验
8
16. get charged 充电
17. a great deal of 大量, 很多
18. fix…to…把……固定在……
19. conduct the electricity 导电
20. sense of smell 嗅觉
21. end in a tie 以平手结束, 打平
22. in tears 泪流满面
23. test on 在……身上做试验
24. at least 至少
25. work with 起作用
26. there is no doubt 毫无疑问
难点讲解:
1. before
【用法一】prep.（时间）……以前
例1：He arrived there before me.他比我先到那里。
例2：A few minutes before the accident he called on me.事故发生几分钟以前他访问过我。
例3：Please come before 10 o’clock.请十点以前来。
【用法二】prep. （位置）在……的前面
例1：He sat just before me.他就坐在我的前面。
例2：The prisoner was taken before the court.犯人被带到法庭上。
【用法三】prep.（位次）先于，高于
例1：The English verb comes before the object.英语动词放在宾语前面。
例2：We should put the collective interests before our own personal interests.我们应该把集体利益放在个人利益的前面。例3：Those with babies get on the bus before the oth-ers.带孩子的人先上车。
【用法四】conj. 在……以前
例1：I must finish my work before I go home.
我必须在回家这前做完工作。
例2：Before I came I to Shanghai, I had worked in Bei-jing for many years.我来上海之前在北京工作过很多年。
【用法五】conj. ……就……
例1：I had not waited long before he came.我没等多久他就来了。
例2：I’ ll do it now before I forget it.我趁着没忘记的时候就做吧。
例3：It wasn’t long before she came back.没过多久她就回来了。
【用法六】conj.……才……
例1：It will be long before we meet again.我们要过很久才能见面。
例2：One must sow before one can reap.先有播种然后才有收获。
【用法七】adv. （常与完成时或never连用）以前，从前
例1：Have you ever heard of that before?你以前听说过那事吗？
例2：I have never met him before.我以前从未见过他。
【相关链接】
1) before long（与将来式、过去式连用）不久以后
例1：Before long they didn’t have to worry about their chickens.
不久，他们就不必担心他们的欢迎鸡了。
例2：The work will be finished before long.该项工作不久即将完成。
2) long before（与一般过去时连用）很久以前
例1：We heard of it long before.我们很久以前就听说过那事了。
例2：I had heard of him long before I came here.我来这里很久以前就听说过他。
3) ago adv. （用于过去式）以前
例1：I met him three days ago.我三天以前见过他。
例2：He started two weeks ago.他在两星期前动身了。
2. scary
【用法】adj.可怕的，吓人的
例1：I was frightened when I was walking in a scary dark street.
当我走在一条可怕的黑暗街道上时，我胆战心惊。
例2：The old man told us a scary story yesterday eve-ning.那位老人昨晚给我们讲了一个吓人的故事。
3. mysterious
【用法一】adj.神秘的，不可思议的
例1：Scientists are working hard to probe into the mys-terious universe.科学家们正努力地探索着神秘的宇宙。
例2：They are being very mysterious about their holiday plan.
关于他们的度假计划，他们故作神秘。
【用法二】adj. 故弄玄虚的
例1：Don’t be mysterious！不要故弄玄虚。
例2：I think he is mysterious.我认为他是在故弄玄虚的。
4. recognize
【用法一】vt. 认出，辨认
例1：Yesterday he recognized his long lost brother.他昨天认出了失散已久的兄弟。
例2：I could hardly recognize him I met him at the airport.在机场接他时，我几乎认不出他来了。
例3：No one can recognize you in that disguise.你那么一化装，谁也不认不出你来了。
【用法二】vt.承认
例1：We recognize your government as the sole legal government of your country.我们承认你们的政府是你们国家唯一的合法政府。
例2：Our claim was recognized by the leadership as jus-tified.
我们的要求已被领导承认是正确的。
例3：They refused to recognize our new government.他们拒绝承认我们的新政府。
【用法三】vt. 清楚地认识到；自认
例1：He recognized that the was not qualified他认识到他不能胜任这项工作。
例2：I recognize that he is the best worker we have.我认识到他
9
是我们最好的工人。
例3：I hope that you can recognize your duty to your country.我希望你能够认识到自己对祖国的责任。
【用法四】vt.公认，欣赏
例1：He was recognized as an authority in international law.他被公认为国际法权威。
例2：The school recognized his studies by making him a best student in the school.学校为表彰他的学习而封他为学校的最佳学生。
例3：His merits have been recognized.他的功绩已被公认了。【相关链接】
be recognized as 被承认是，被认出是
例1：Tom is recognized as the best football player in the school.汤姆被公认为学校最佳足球选手。
例2：The man was recognized as the one who stole the money from the store yesterday.那个人被认出是昨天在商店里偷钱的人。
【相关链接2】
recognition n. 认识；认出；承认；认中
1) in recognition of作为对……的报酬
例如：Please accept this cheque in recognition of all your help.请接受这张支票作为你全部帮助的报酬。
2) change beyond/out of all recognition 变得无法认出
例如：Illness and age changed her out of all recognition.疾病和衰老使她的模样变得认不出来了。
5. accept
【用法一】vt. 接受，领受
例1：She accepted our invitation to dinner. 她接受我们邀请来吃晚饭。
例2：He gladly accepted the offer to teach at the school.他高兴地接受了那所学校任教的请求。
例3：I always accept criticism with an open mind.
我总是虚心接受批评。
【用法二】vt.承认，认可
例1：We accepted his report as true.我们认为他的报告符合事实。
例2：Did she accept your reason for being late?她是否相信你迟到的理由？
例3：For a long time she could not accept that her hus-band was really dead.有很长一段时间她不相信她丈夫真的死了。
【用法三】vi.同意，承认
例如：He asked her to marry him and she accepted.他向她求婚，她答应了。
6. continue
【用法一】vi.继续，连续
例1：They continued on for another mile.他们又继续向前行进了一英里。
例2：The rain continued for two days.雨连续下了两天。
【用法二】vi. 留，依旧
例1：The minister continued at his post.那位部长留住任了。
例2：The sea had continued calm until a hurricane rose.飓风来临之前，海面一直平静。
例3：The weather continued fine.天气仍然很好。
【用法三】vt. 使继续，使连续
例1：He continued his interrupted higher education af-ter the war.战争以后他继续接受中断的高等教育。
例2：The meeting will be continued after a recess.休息后继续开会。
例3：He continued the study of Chinese poetry for sve-eral years.
他继续研究中国诗词达数年之久。
【相关链接】
1）continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. 继续做某事
例如：The researchers continued testing/to test this hy-pothesis.
研究人员继续验证这一假说。
2) continue a story 继续讲故事
例如：Uncle Wang continued the story until bed time.王叔叔继续讲故事一直到睡觉前。
3) To be continued待续
7. worth
【用法一】adj. （仅做表语，后接控语）值……的，相当于……
的价值的
例1：These pieces of furniture are worth a total of one thousand dollars.这几件家具共值一千元。
例2：How much is a diamond necklace worth?一条钻石项链值多少钱？
例3：None really knows what time is worth.时间的价值有多大，没有人直正知道。
【用法二】adj. 值得……的；有……的价值的
例1：Only the first few pages are worth reading.只有头几页值得一读。
例2：Is the play worth seeing?这出戏值得一看吗？
例3：Is it worth all the trouble?费那么多事值得吗？
【用法三】n. [U] 价值，精神价值
例1：Th e professor’s discovery was of great worth.这位教授的发现很有价值。
例2：Worth makes the man, and want of it, the villain.有德为君子，无德为小人。
例3：The worth of this discovery was not realized until
a hundred years after his death.直到他死后一百年，人们才认
识到这项发现的价值。
【相关链接】
1) not worth one’s while 不值一干
例如：It’s not worth your while visiting that temple of lit-tle historical value. 那个寺庙不值得你去参观，因为它在历史上没有多大价值。
2) worthwhile adj. 无价的，无用的
例1：Throw it away. It’s quite worthless. 把它扔掉，这东西毫无用处。
例2：It’s worthless to anybody.这对任何人都毫无价值。
3) worthwhile adj. 值得花时间的，值得做的
10
例1：Some worthwhile researches have been made. 做了一些值得进行的研究。
例2：Such a result is not quite worthwhile.这样的成果不太合算。
8. worthy
【用法一】adj. 有价值的，可尊敬的
例1：He is a worthy man.他是个高尚的人。
例2：Lei Feng was a worthy son of the people.雷峰是人民的好儿子。
例3：Our cause is a worthy one.我们的事业是正义的事业。【用法二】adj. （作表语）值得的，配得上的
例1：Your achievements are worthy of admiration. 你的成就值得钦佩。
例2：Another document worthy to be mentioned is the resolution passed at the summit conference.值得一提的另一个文件就是高级会议上通过的那个决议。
9. fall asleep
fall asleep 入睡
例1：Last night I was trying to fall asleep when sudden-ly the telephone rang.昨天晚上我正要试图入睡，这时突然电话铃响了。
例2：He went to bed early but he couldn’t fall asleep.他很早就上床了，但无法入睡。
例3：He fell asleep while listening to the light music.他在听那首轻音乐时睡着了。
【相关链接】
1) fall back退却；后退
例如：We must not fall back before the enemy.在敌人面前我们不能退却。
2) fall behind 落在……的后面，跟不上
例如：I must work hard in order not to fall behind.为了不落后，我必须努力学习。
3) fall in with sb. 偶尔遇到某人
例如：On my way to school yesterday morning, I fell in with Xiao Hui.昨天早上在上学的路上，我遇上了小惠。
4) fall out with sb. 与某人争吵
例如：I feel very bad because I have just felt out with one of my frieds.我感觉心情很糟，因为刚同我的一位朋友争吵过。
5) fall in love (with sb.) 爱上（某人）
例如：They fell in love with each other when they were a-broad in 2001.他们于2001年在国外时恋爱了。
6) fall (get) into trouble (difficulty) 陷入困境
例如：In those years, they often fell into trouble.那互日子里，他们经常陷入困境。
7) fall (come) to pieces 跌碎，摔碎
例如：The old temple fell into pieces last night.那座古庙昨晚坍塌了。
8) fall into a dream 进入梦乡
例如：He went bed early and fell into a dream soon.他早就睡了，并且很快就进入了梦乡。9) fall into a habit 染上一种习惯
例如：When he was in the country, he fell into a habit of smoking.他在农村养成了抽烟的习惯。
10) fall dead 倒下死去
例如：The man fell on his knees before a rich man and asked for some money. 那个人在一个有钱人的面前跪下乞求些钱。
11) fall dead 倒下死去
例如：In the battle, the young soldier was shot and fell dead.在战斗中，那个年轻的士兵被击中，倒下死了。
12) fall short to 达不到，不符合
例如：These goods fall short of quality.这批货物不符合质量。
13) fall on落在，落到，袭击，进攻
例如：Christmas Day fell on a Monday that year.那年的圣诞节恰好是在星期一。
10. after all
after all 须知，毕竟
例1：I was right after all. He failed.到底我还是对的，他还是失败了。
例2：I know he hasn’t finished his work, but, after all, he is a very busy man. 我知道他尚未完成工作，不过，别忘了，他是个大忙人。
【相关链接1】
1) at all 居然，究竟，到底；（在否定句中）一点也不
例1：I was surprised at his coming at all.他居然来了，我很奇怪。
例2：Do you know him at all?你究竟知道不知道他？
例3：I don’t like watching TV at all.我一点也不喜欢看电视。例4：If you know at all, you will not do so. 要是你知道一些的话，你不会那样做的。
2) all in all 一般而言，整体而言
例1：All in all we had a good time.
总起来说，我们玩得很愉快。
【相关链接2】
1) all along 自始至终
例如：I knew that all along.我自始至终都知道那件事。
2) all but 几乎
例如：I am all but ready.我几乎准备好了。
3) all over 全部；到处；遍及每个角落
例1：They painted the door green all over.他们把门全部漆成了绿色。
例2：We’ve been hunting for him all over.我们一直到处找他。
例3：They are traveling all over India.他们在印度各地旅游。
11. call on
call on拜访（某人）；请求；使出（力量）
例1：We can call on Mary tomorrow. 我们明天能拜访玛丽。
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例2：I will now call on Li Ming for an answer.我现在要向李明请教答案。
例3：We have to call on all our strength. 我们得用全力。【相关链接】
1) call at 参观（某地方）
例如：We called on our headmaster at his office.我们昨天在校长办公室拜访了校长。
2) call for 要求；需要；约请（人）
例1：He called for the waiter for the bill.他呼唤侍者过来要帐单。
例2：I’ll call for you at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning. 明天早上九点我来叫你。
3) call in 邀来，请来；收回
例1：Have you called any doctor in?你们请医生了吗？
例2：The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults.制造商已收回一些危险缺陷的汽车。
4) call up征集；唤起；打电话
例1：The villagers called up the soldiers to clear up the road. 村民们召集了士兵来清扫道路。
例2：The movie calls up my bitter hatred for the terror-ists. 这部电影唤起了我对恐怖分子的深仇大恨。
例3：If you want to place an order, please call me up.如果你要订购的话，就电话给我。
12.pay off
pay off 偿清（债务等）
例如：It took them six years to pay off the debts.他们花了六年时间才还清那件判决所定的债务。
【相关链接】
1) pay back 偿还；报答，回报
例1：If you’ll lend me two yuan, I’ll pay it back tomor-row.要是你能借给我两元线，我将在明天归还。
例2：How can I pay you back for all your kindness?
我将怎样报答你的一切好意呢？
2) pay down用现金支付，当场支付
例如：He paid the money down and took the goods.他当场付了钱，并取走了货物。
3) pay for为了得到……而付钱；因……而受罚
例1：Of course we have to pay for all we buy.当然我们不论买什么都得付钱。
例2：He will have to pay for his carelessness.他将得为他的粗心而自食其果。
4) pay in存入；捐（钱）
例1：I pay in five yuan each month.我每月把五块钱存入银入。
例2：The contributions actually paid to date amount to more than three thousand yuan.到现在为止，实际收到的捐款共计三千元以上。
5) pay out 付出钱；向……报复
例1：They have to pay out a lot on repairing that house.为了修理那所房子他们得付很多钱。
例2：The man said that he would pay Bill out for his kill-ing his brother.那个人说他为比尔杀了他的兄弟而要向比尔报仇。
6) pay up付清（钱）
例1：You must pay up what you owe me.你必须还清欠我的钱。
例2：He asked me to pay up. 他要求我把钱付清。
13.instruction
【用法】n.指令；指示；说明
例1：Just click the mouse and you’ll get the instructions you need.点击鼠标，你就会得到你所需要的指令。
例2:Give them your instructions and they’ll do the experiment well.给他们下达您的指示吧，他们会做好这项试验的。
例3：Read the instructions before taking the medicine.在服用此药之前，要看一看说明。
【相关链接】
1) instruct vt. 教授；指导；通知
例1：Professor Brown instructs two classes in physics.布朗教授教两个班的物理。
例2：Who’ll instruct them to do the experiment ?谁将指导他们做这项试验？
例3：I’ve been instructed that I have to be present at the meeting.有人通知我，要我出席那个会议。
2) instructive adj. 有教育意义的
例如：The film is both instructive and interesting 这部电影既有教育意义，又有趣。
14. Realize
【用法一】vt. 认识；意识
例如：After talking with his father, Jack realized that playing too much computer games would do bad to his studies.经过与父亲的谈话后，杰克认识到过量玩电脑游戏会影响他的学习。
【用法二】vt. 实现
例如：By working hard, he realized his wishes finally.靠努力奋斗，他终于实现了自己的理想。
15.attract
【用法一】vt. 吸引
例如：A magnet attracts iron.磁石吸引铁。
【用法二】vt. 引起……注意
例如：Her beautiful dress attracted many eyes .她好漂亮的外衣吸引了很多目光。
【相关链接】
1) attraction n. 吸引力
例1：The attraction of the moon for earth causes the tides.月球对地球的吸引力造成了潮汐。
例2：Computer games have little attractions for my parents .电脑游戏对我父母亲没有什么吸引力。
2) attractive adj. 诱人的；有吸引力的
例如：What an attractive price for such a nice dress !这么好
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一件衣服，却标出这样诱人的低价！
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,st
【用法一】vi. 持续
例1:The meeting lasted two hours.会议开了两个小时。
例2：The quarreling between the couple lasted quite some time.这对夫妇吵了好一阵子。
【用法二】adj. 上一次的
例如：He went there last year 他去年就去了那里。
【用法三】adv. 最后
例1：Whoever leaves last should turn off the lights.谁若最后离去，应当关灯。
例2：He who laughs , laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
17.enough
【用法一】adj.足够的
例1：I have enough money to buy a new bicycle.我有足够的钱买一辆新自行车。
例2:He has time enough to write her essay.他有足够的时间去写他的论文。
注意：enough 作形容词时可以置于被修饰的名词前面或后面作定语。
【用法二】adv. 足够
例1:The little boy is not tall enough to reach the pear on the tree.那个小男孩还不够高；他还摘不到树上的那个梨。
例2：The temperature is high enough to turn the ice into water.这种温度跑以使冰融化成水。
注意：当enough 作副词修饰形容词时，它只能后置。
【用法三】n. 充分；足够
例1：Enough has been said on this subject .关于这个问题说得已经够多了。
例2：Th ey didn’t has enough to eat then.那时他们常吃不饱。
18.charge
【用法一】vt. 充电
例如：The battery has to be charged again.这个电瓶又要充电了。
【用法二】vt.要求付款（服务费用）
例如：The bicycle repairman charged me two yuan那位修自行车的师傅让我付给他两元钱的修理费。
【用法三】vt.& vi. 突袭；猛冲
例1:Our soldiers charged the enemy at sunset .太阳落山时，我军士兵向敌军发动了袭击。
例2：The angry man charged into the office , shouting at his boss.那个愤怒的男子冲进办公室，冲他的老板大声吼骂起来。
【用法三】n. 负责。
例1：Who is charge of the project?谁负责这个项目。
例2：The project is in the charge of Professor Lee.这个项目由李教授负责。
19.conduct.
【用法一】vt.指导；引导
例如：His maid conducted us to the door.她的女仆把我们领到门口。
【用法二】vt. （电流）通过；传导
例如：Copper conducts electricity better than other materials.铜导电较其他物质佳。
【用法三】vt.指挥；管理
例如：The orchestra is conducted by her father.这支管乐队由她的父亲指挥。
【相关链接】
1）conduction n. （热、电、水等的）传导
例如：The conduction of the water from the river to the city is excellent.从这条河进入那个城市的输水系统情况非常好。2）conductor n. （火车、汽车上的）收票员
例如：―Tickets , please. Tickets，‖ said the conductor .那位列车验票员说：―请把票拿出来，验票啦。‖
20.cross
【用法一】n. 十字架；（给错误评定符号的）叉
例1：The American wear a cross around his neck.那个美国人脖子上系着一个（耶稣受难）十字架。
例2:I’ve got two crosses in my maths exercise book.我的数学练习有两道题做错了（得了两个叉）。
【用法二】n. 杂交品种
例如：Her pet cat is a cross between a white cat and a black one.她喂的那只宠物猫是由黑、白两种颜色不同的猫产下的杂交品种。
【用法三】vt. 横过；穿越
例如：look to either end of the street before you cross it .横过街道前，你要看看街道两端时否有车辆（通过）。
21.sharp
【用法一】adj. 敏锐的；聪慧的
例如：He had sharp eyes and was able to tell everything in politics.他目光敏锐，政治方面洞察秋毫。
【用法二】adj. 尖锐的；锋利的。
例如：Take care ! The knife is sharp.当心！这把刀挺锋利的. 【用法三】adv. 准点
例如：The meeting began at 8:00 sharp.会议在八点整准时开始。
【相关链接】sharpen vt. 使尖锐
例如：He’s sharpening his pencil.他在削铅笔。
22.Tear
【用法一】vi. 撕
例如：Take care ! The cloth tears easily.当心！这种布料很容易撕破。
【用法二】vi. 撕扯；揪（与at连用）
例如：seeing the box ,Mary tore at the paper around it, eager to see the gift in it.一拿到那个盒子，玛丽就撕开外面的那层包装纸，急着看看盒子里装的是什么礼物。
【用法三】vt. 拆卸；拆除（与down连用）
例如：The workers are tearing down the houses to build a park 工人们正在拆除那些旧房子；建一个公园。
【用法四】vt. 撕开；撕裂。
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例如：After reading the letter ,she tore it into pieces.
读完这封信，她就把它撕成了碎片。
【相关链接】tear n. 眼泪
例如：When she heard the news, she burst into tears.
听到那消息时，她的眼泪夺眶而出。
23. in one’s opinion
in one’s opinion 在某人看来
例如：In my opinion ,we should let the children learn to operate computers.我认为，我们应当让孩子学会操作电脑。
24. make use of
make use of 利用
例如：We should make full (good) use of our limited time .
我们应该充分（很好地）利用我们有限的时间。
25.a number of
a number of 很多（后接可数名词）
例如：A number of students spend too much time on computer games.有很多学生在玩电脑游戏方面花的时间太多了。
【相关链接】
1) the number of ……的数目（谓语用单数）
例1：The number of the teachers in my school is 206.我校教师人数是206名。
例2：What’s the number of the students in you class?你班学生人数是多少？
例3：The number of the workers in the factory is large (small).这家工厂的人数量真多（少）。
注意：不用many或few 与the number of 搭配。
2) number of 许多
例如：Numbers of men in the villages have gone to the front . 这些村的许多男子都上前线去了。
26.a great deal of
a great deal of 许多（后接不可数名词）
例如：He found a great deal of water over there.
他在那边发现了许多水。
【相关链接】
1) a good many 许多(后接可数名词复数)
例如：There are a good many new houses at the foot of the hill.在那山脚下有许多新房子。
2) a lot of 许多（后接可数和不可数名词）
例1：There are a lot of mistakes in her homework她的作业有很多错误
例2：There is a lot of water in the pail 水桶里面有许多水26.protect…from
protect …from …保护……免受损害
例如：In order to protect the sheep from the snowstorm, he drove them into the cave.为了不使羊群遭到暴风雪的袭击，他把羊群赶进了洞穴。
27. go against
go against 与……相抗衡；抵触
例1：We mustn’t go against nature , or we’ll be punished by it .我们绝不能违背大自然的规律，否则，我们将为此而遭到大
自然的惩罚。
例2：In my opinion ,the school rule goes against the law.我认为，条校规违背了法律。
28.be made up of
be made up of 由……组成
例如：Our class committee is made up of seven students.我们的班委会由七位学生组成。
【相关链接】
1) be made of 由……制成
例如：The toy car is made of wood.这个玩具汽车是木头做的。
2) be made from 由……（提炼）制成
例如：The famous wine is made from rice and corn.这种名酒是由稻谷和玉米酿制的。
3) make …into …把……制成为……
例如：The workers are making glass into beautiful vases .工人们把玻璃制成漂亮的花瓶。
语法精讲：
情态动词(Ⅲ)
must，can／could，may／might
1．must
(1)must表示“必须，应当，非……不可”.否定式是must not
或mustn’t，表示强烈的禁止，意思是“不得……”，“不准……”，“不应该……”.
e．g．You must tell your reason．
你必须说出你的理由.
You mustn’t speak like that to your mother．
你不准像那样对你妈妈讲话.
(2)must 表示说话人对事物的猜测，意思是“一定”，“准
是”，通常只用于肯定句中.
e．g．You must be tired after the long walk．
走了远路，你一定很累了.
(3)在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn’t，表示
“不必”，语气委婉.
e．g．Must I do it?
我必须做这事吗?
Yes，you must．
是的，你非做不可.
No，you needn’t．
不，你不一定做它.
2．can／could
(1)can 可表示“能力，可能性，许可”，在口语中，can 可
以代替may.
e．g．You can go now．
你可以去了.
(2)could 是can 的过去式，可用来表示“请求”，或陈述看
法.语气比can委婉，并不表示过去时态.
e．g．Could you let me put my head in the tent? It’s so cold outside．
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你可以准许我把头放在帐篷里吗?外面是这么冷.
3．may／might
(1) may 表示“允许”或征求对方许可，它的否定形式可用may not，表示“不可以”，也可用mustn’t 表示“不可以，不准，绝对不行”等意思.
e．g．May I watch TV after supper?
我可以在晚饭后看电视吗?
(2) might 是may 的过去式.
e．g．He said that I might go．
他说我可以去.
(3) may 和might 表示现在或将来的可能性，表示说话人的猜测.
e．g．This may ( 或might ) be true．
这事说不定是真的.
【重点难点解析】
构词法
英语主要有三种构词法：转化、派生和合成.
1．转化：由一个词类转化为另一词类.
(1)动词转化为名词
e．g．swim→to go for a swim
look→to have a look at
study→to make a study
walk→to take a walk
visit→to pay a visit
(2)名词转化为动词
e．g．water(水)→to water the trees (浇树)
plant(植物)→to plant the vegetables (种菜)
fool(傻瓜)→to fool somebody (愚弄某人)
hand(手)→hand in the homework (交作业)
(3)形容词转化为动词
slow→to slow down (慢下来)
empty→to empty the glass (倒空杯子)
(4)形容词转化为名词
rich→the rich (富人)
young→the young (年轻人)
2．派生：通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词.
(1)前缀
e．g．un—happy(快乐的) unhappy(不快乐的) dis—like(喜欢) dislike(不喜欢) im—possible(可能的) impossible(不可能的) mis—understand(理解) misunderstand(误解) super—market(市场) supermarket(超级市场)
kilo- metre(米) kilometre(千米)
in- visible(看得见的) invisible(看不见的) ir—repdsr(规则的) irregular(不规则的)
re- write(写) rewrite(重写)
(2)后缀
e．g．-er work(工作) worker(工人)
—or visit(访问) visitor(参观者) —ese Japan(日本) Japanese(日本人)
—ing build(建筑) building(建筑物)
—ment move(移动) movement(运动)
—ship friend(朋友) friendship(友谊)
—ful care(关心) careful(仔细的)
—ly brave(勇敢的) bravely(勇敢地)
—ence differ(不同) difference(不同)
—ance import(重要性) importance(重要)
—ure fail(失败) failure(失败)
—th true(真的) truth(真理)
—ity active(积极的) activity(活动)
—y difficult(困难的)difficulty(困难)
—ness ill(有病的) illness(疾病)
—ism social(社会的) socialism(社会主义)
—ist social(社会的) socialist(社会主义的)
—less care(关心) careless(粗心的)
—ive act(行为) active(积极的)
—ous fame(名声) famous(出名的)
—1y friend(朋友) friendly(友好的)
—en wood(木料) wooden(木制的)
—able comfort(安慰) comfortable(愉快的)
—en hard(硬的) harden(变硬)
3．合成：由两个或更多的词组成一个词.
e．g．good-looking好看的peace-loving爱好和平的reading--room阅览室however然而
pencil-box铅笔盒well－known出名的everyday每天son-in-law女婿
grown-up成年人new-born新生的
单元检测
一、单选题
1. -I don't think I know you.
- .
A. No, you do
B. Yes, you don't
C. Yes, you wouldn't
D. No, you wouldn't
2. After ten years of hard work, they had at last paid all the money they had borrowed.
A. for
B. out
C. in
D. back
3. His daughter a rich doctor for two years.
A. had married
B. has been married to
C. married with
D. got married to
4. -How long had the Loisels been worried like this?
- the evening when they left the palace.
A. From
B. In
C. After
D. Since
5. Don't worry about your son. You'll see him in 3 hours at .
A. least
B. most
C. all
D. once
15
6. Tell me about the scence Jeanne couldn't recognize her close friend?
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. that
7. The watch me 300 francs. But Mum doesn't think it is the price.
A. took; worth
B. spent; valuable
C. cost; valuable
D. cost; worth
8. Have they invited in your class to the party?
A. anyone else
B. else anyone
C. other anyone
D. another anyone
9. Your suggestion is worthy .
A. considering
B. being considered
C. to be considered
D. of considering
10. I'll next time in Beijing.
A. call at you
B. drop in you
C. call on you
D. call out to you
11.It looks as if they are going to _________ us a lot of money for the concert hall.
A.demand
B.cost
C.charge
D.ask
12.They had to_________ before they finished the course because they were not well disciplined.
A.drop in
B.drop out
C.drop off
D.drop by
13.At midnight the enemy attacked _________.
A.without warning
B.without notice
C.without permission
D.A or B
14.You'd better get all the work _________ before you leave.
A.finishing
B.to finish
C.finished
D.be finished
15.I didn't like aunt Lucy,who __________ without warning and bringing us presents.
A.always turned up
B.has always turned up
C.had always turned up
D.was always turning up
16._________ no need for everybody to discuss the problem again since it has already been solved.
A.It has
B.There has
C.We have
D.There is
17.Plastic and rubber won't _________ electricity,but copper will.
A.have
B.do
C.pass
D.conduct
18._________ that he had fallen behind,he tried to work harder.
A.Having realized
B.Realized
C.Realize
D.To realize
19.The key _________ the string was put into the door to stop the kite _________.
A.tie to;flying away
B.tying to;fly away
C.tied to;flying away
D.tied to;fly away
20.There is _________ that her daughter will pass the exam to
go abroad to study.
A.chances
B.likely
C.a high chance
D.possible
21.Arguments happen when people _________ each other's
views.
A.go against
B.go for
C.keep
D.have
22._________ that it's very cruel to kill wild animals for money.
A.It is no doubt
B.There is no doubt
C.It is not doubt
D.There is not doubt
23.Every minute should be _________ lessons.
A.made full use to learn
B.made use of learning
C.made use of to learn
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,ed of learning
24._________,they'll carry on the work until they can get the
money they need.
A.As I think
B.In my opinion
C.In spite of
D.To my view
25.—Do you think we can get there on time?
—Yes,_________ the bus does not break down.
A.even if
B.unless
C.until
D.so long as
二、完形填空
In the last century there were not 26big towns in the U.S.
27there are today.Most towns in the country were small.And in these small towns,the general store was 28people
29 the things they couldn't made or grow at home.
30 the store sold 31 a good deal about life in the
United States at that time.People bought tools that they needed on their farms.They bought salt,sugar,coffee and 32 that their farms didn't produce.They bought articles of 33 that they could not make themselves,and cloth or other materials that the 34 would make into dresses for themselves,shirts for the men and clothes for their children.
Life in the 35 century America was 36 .One proves that most people were satisfied with what they had 37 still they looked forward 38 courage to whatever the future would 39 them.It would be interesting to know 40 they would feel about life in the world today. 41 to them that life is too complex,or would they be glad to see that life is
42 in the past?
Nobody will 43 know the 44 people at that time would enjoy life today or not.Perhaps man is always the same of his kind.They did take things for granted,and also they did try to
16
make life more comfortable.We have to admit that it is the same
45 people at present.
26.A.many B.so many C.so much D.a lot of
27.A.whereB.like C.what D.as
28.A.whereB.for C.in which D.that
29.A.made B.bought C.sold D.paid for
30.A.That B.No matter C.Which D.What
31.A.says B.talks C.refers D.tells
32.A.other things B.another food
C.other foods
D.foods and drinks
33.A.clothes B.clothing C.dresses D.suits
34.A.farmers B.men C.women D.children
35.A.eighteenth B.nineteenth C.twentieth D.next
36.A.easy B.simple C.interesting D.tiresome
37.A.and which B.and yet C.and that D.but what
38.A.in B.to C.of D.with
39.A.bring B.take C.happen to D.serve
40.A.what B.whether C.that D.how
41.A.Did it appear B.Would it seem
C.What did it seem
D.What appeared
42.A.still what it used to be
B.better than what it was
C.much more easier than
D.no more than it was
43.A.never B.always C.once D.ever
44.A.truth that B.fact whether
C.idea how
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,rmation of
45.A.as B.for C.with D.like
三、短文改错
Mr.Smith was a biology professor,but he had
1._________
a lot of animal bones that he was very proud.Then
2._________ one year he managed to get a better job in others
3._________ university.As he was busy at the work,his wife asked
4._________ three men to remove all their things to the new house.
5._________ One of them was just about throw a large box into the
6._________ truck with all the other things,then Mrs.Smith ran
7._________ out and said,“Please treat the box gentle! It has
8._________ all of my husband's bones in it.”Heard this,the
9._________ man was so surprising that he nearly dropped it on his feet.
10._________
Unit 17-18, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.in high position 地位很高
2.the South Pole南极
3.the North Pole北极
4.polar bear北极熊
5.at the opposite end of 在……对面
6.pull one’s sled 拉雪橇
7.be about do (do ) 正要（做）
8. be just around the corner 就在附近，即将来临
9.fall into 掉人
10.in good health 健康状况良好
11.stand on one’s left leg 用左腿独立站好
12.solo travel独自旅行
13.blow away 吹跑；刮走
14.knock sb. over. 把某人撞倒
15.refer to 所指；参考
16.rise to fame 名声大振
17.the host of a talk show脱口秀主持人
18.so far 到目前为止
19.in history 在历史上
20.fight for chances 设法寻找机会
21.best of luck to you 祝你好运
22.without a strong plan 没有详细的计划
23.always be the very best 总是做到最好
24.share with与……分享
25.lie to 位于……
26.be made up of 由……组成
27.be surrounded by 被……环绕
28.be famous for 因……闻名
29.such as 例如
30.take possession of 拥有……
31.refer to 参考；所指
32.in relation to 与……有关
33.be marked with 标有……记号
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/292017739.html,pare…to…把……比作
35.stand for 代表
36.make up 占据空间
37.plenty of 大量；许多
38.be native to 原产于……
39.be careful in （在某方面）仔细
40.prepare for … 为……作准备
难点讲解:
1.inspire
【用法】vt. 激励；鼓励
例如: His deeds greatly inspired his schoolmates.他的行为极大地激励了他的同学。
17
【相关链接】
1）inspiring adj. 激励人心的
例如：The speaker’s words were inspiring.演讲者的话很具有感召力。
2）inspired. adj. 受到鼓舞的
例如：The inspired soldiers threw their caps into the air, shouting，―Long live the Public!‖受到鼓舞的士兵将帽子抛向空中，大声喊着：―共和国万岁！‖
3）inspiration n. 激励的人的人或事物
例1：My father is always an inspiration to me父亲对我来说总是一个鼓励者
例2：The motto is an inspiration to many of us. 这个―座右铭‖对于我们许多人来说是一种激励。
2. mean
【用法一】adj. 地位卑下的；出身微贱的
例如：All the maids were mean in Dreams of the Red Chamber 《红楼梦》中所有的丫环都是地位卑微的人
【用法二】adj. 吝啬的
例如：Her husband is rather mean over money.她的丈夫对钱相当吝啬。
【用法三】adj. 破烂不堪的
例如：They used to live in mean house in a mean street.他们以前住在一条鄙陋街道上的一幢破烂不堪的房子里。
3. tense
【用法】adj.紧张的
例1：Her legs felt tense after running.跑步后，她感到双腿肌肉紧张。
例2：He looks tense with anxiety.他因焦虑而显得紧张。
例3：The situation became tense suddenly.
形势一下子变得紧张起来了。
【相关链接】
nervous adj.紧张的（只指人的精神状态）
例如：She felt nervous when asked about that.当被问到那件事时，她紧张起来了。
4. increase
【用法一】vt. & vi.增长
例1：Her absence increased our difficulty in doing the experiment.她的缺席增加了我们做这次试验的难度。
例2：The number of the students in my class has increased to 58. 我班学生人数已经增长到了58位。
【用法二】n./’inkri:s /增多；增加
例1：The population increase makes the government feel hard. 人口的增长让政府甚感棘手。
例2：We have got a steady increase in production.我们的生产在稳步增长。
【相关链接】
increasing adj. 不断增长的
例1：The increasing traffic problems are troubling the city people.不断增长的交通问题一直在困扰着市民。
例2：The shopkeeper feels happy at the increasing income.对于
日益增多的收益，店老板乐开了花。
5.threaten
【用法一】vt.威胁；恐吓
例1：The boss threatened to dismiss Lucy if she didn’t obey him.
老板威胁露西，如果她不服从，就要开除她。
例2：The secretary received a letter threatening to murder the manager.秘书收到一封信，信中扬言要谋杀经理。
【用法二】vt.& vi.预示；将要发生
例1：The gathering black clouds are threatening a storm.天空中乌云密布，这预示着风暴要来了。
例2：Knowing that a folld threatens, all the villagers are trying hard to get everything ready.知道一场洪水将要来临，所有的村民都在努力做好一切准备。
【相关链接】
1）threat n. 恐吓；威胁
例如：I’m not afraid of their threat.我不惧怕他们的恐吓。
2）threat n.恶兆
例如：There was a threat of rain in the dark sky.乌云密布的天空有下雨之兆。
6.support
【用法一】vt.支持
例如：We firmly support their struggle for human rights.我们坚决支持他们为人权而进行的斗争。
【用法二】vt.支撑
例1：Whales have no strong bones to suport their heavy bodies on land.鲸没有结实的骨骼在陆地上支撑其沉重的身体。
例2：The hall is supported by six large columns.
这个大厅由六根大圆柱支撑着。
【用法三】vt.养活
例如：He has a large family to support.他要养活一家子人。
【用法四】n.支持
例如：I hope to have your support in the election.我希望在这次选举中得到你的支持。
7.affect
【用法一】vt.影响
例1：Parents’ words and deeds affect their children a lot.父母亲的言行对小孩的影响极大。
例2：Some plants are quickly affected by cold.有些植物很快就受到了寒冷气候的影响。
【用法二】vt.感动；打动
例如：The students were much affected by her story.同学们被她的事迹深深地感动了。
【用法三】vt.（疾病）感染
例如：His wound was affected badly.他的伤口受到严重的感染。
8.lie
【用法一】vi. 平躺（不规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为lay，lain）
例如：lie on one's back/side仰/侧卧
【用法二】v. 展现，伸展
18
例如：A bright future lies ahead.前途是光明的。
【用法三】v. 位于
例1：London lies on the River Thames.伦敦位于泰晤士河畔。
例2：There lies a temple at the foot of the mountain.山脚下有一座庙。
【用法四】v. & n. 说谎（规则动词）
例1：You are lying to him!你在对他说谎！
例2：They said she told lies to everyone.他们说她对任何人都说谎。
【相关链接】
1）lie down 躺下
例如：Go and lie down for a while.去躺一会儿。
2）lie in 在于
例如：The answer lies in two facts.答案在于两个事实。3）lie on 依赖，压迫，取决于
例如：It lies on us to accomplish the task.完成这项任务是我们的责任。
4）lie up 卧床休息
例如：You'd better lie up for a few more days.你最好再多休息几天。
5）lie有时后面跟形容词，表示所处状态。
例如：The book lay open on the table.那本书打开着，放在桌子上。
【相关链接2】
1）lay v. （laid，laid）放、搁；产卵、下蛋
例1：He laid the book on the table and left.他把书放在桌上就走了。
例2：The hens lay ten eggs every day.这些母鸡每天下十个蛋。
2）liar n. 撒谎者
例如：A liar is not believed when he tells the truth.说惯假话的人说真话时也没有人会相信。
9.run
【用法一】v. 跑，奔，逃跑
例1：I ran as quickly as I could.我拼命地跑。
例2：The enemy ran away. 敌人逃走了。
例3：We ran to his aid. 我们跑去帮他。
【用法二】v. 竞赛，竞选
例1：run for Congress 参加国会议员竞选
例2：run for mayor 竞选市长
【用法三】v. （机器）运转
例如：The engine runs perfectly well.这台发动机运转十分良好。
【用法四】v. 流淌，滴
例1：The river runs thick.水流浑浊。
例2：The child's nose is running.孩子在流鼻涕。
【用法五】v. 变得
例如：The little pond has run dry.那个小池塘已经干涸。【用法六】v. （车辆）行驶
例1：The buses run until twelve.公共汽车12点收班。
例2：Are there any trains running to Sichuan from here从这里到四川有火车吗？
【用法七】v. （道路）延伸，延续
例如：The street runs from south to north.这条街是南北向的。
【用法八】v. 经营，管理
例如：They run most of the stores here.他们管理着这里的大部分商店。
【用法九】v. （颜色）褪色
例如：When I washed the blouse, the color ran. 我洗这件衬衫，褪了色。
【相关链接1】
1）run after 追逐，追求
例如：If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.不能脚踏两只船。
2）run away from 从……跑掉；逃避
例如：He ran away from school. 他逃学了。
3）run out （某物）被用完
例如：We decided it would be best to go home before our money ran out.我们认为最好在把钱用完之前回家。
4）run out of 用完（某物）
例如：We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood.我们用完了煤，只好烧木柴。
5）run into 无意间碰到，和……相撞
例如：I ran into him now and then.我不时碰见他。
【相关链接2】
runner 赛跑的人runway跑道
10.some
【用法一】adj. 一些，若干，几个（可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词）
例1：Please bring some coffee without sugar.请来点儿不加糖的咖啡。
例2：Ask some boys to help you.叫几个男孩帮帮你。
【用法二】adj. （修饰单数名词）某个（人或物）= a certain 例1：There must be some mistake.准是出了什么差错。
例2：I suggested to Red that we should go to some hotel.我向瑞得建议我们该去找个旅店。
【用法三】pron. 一些
例如：Some of the trees can be cut each year for firewood.
一些树每年可以被砍作柴火。
【用法四】adv. 大约，与about同义
例如：It happened some thirty years ago.这件事大约发生在三十年前。
【相关链接1】
some more 再来一点，更多
【相关链接2】
somebody/someone 某人，有人
something 某事，某物
sometimes 有时
19
somewhere 在某处
11.surprising
【用法】adj. 令人惊奇的
例1：What you have just told me is very surprising.你刚才告诉我的事真让人吃惊。
例2：Is there anything surprising about it? I don't think so. 有关这事有什么让人吃惊的？我认为没有。
【相关链接】
surprising和surprised的区别：surprising和surprised都是由surprise派生来的形容词，但surprised是―吃惊的‖，―感到惊奇的‖。
例如：He didn't notice the surprised look on her face.他没有注意到她脸上吃惊的表情。
12.shock
【用法一】v. 使震惊
例如：He was shocked at her smoking. = Her smoking shocked him.她抽烟使他震惊。
【用法二】v. 使触电
例如：He got shocked when he touched the wire.他一摸电线就触电了。
【用法三】n. [C]震动，冲击
例1：Three shocks of the earthquakes were felt last night.
昨晚感觉到三次地震。
例2：The news was a great shock to Marie.那个消息给了玛丽很大的震撼。
【相关链接】
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
13.majority
【用法】n. 大多数（常和the连用）
例如：The majority of people in the town want to encourage new industry in the areA.城里的大多数人想在该地区鼓励新工业的发展。
注意：majority 作主语时，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，其反义词是minority。
14.share
【用法一】v. 合用，分享
例1：We share a small room between us.我们俩共用一个小房间。
例2：She never shared any of her husband's worries.她从不分担丈夫的任何忧愁。
【用法二】v. 分配，均分
例3：Mother is sharing the cakes to make sure that every boy gets some.母亲正在分蛋糕，确保每个男孩都吃到一些。【用法二】n. 分得的一份，应承受的一份
例1：You have had more than your share of this apple-pie.
你吃的苹果派比你应得的分量多。
例2：You must take your share of the blame.你必须接受批评。
【相关链接】
take one's share 尽自己的一份责任
15.ship
【用法一】n. 大船
例如：They are making a ship.他们在造一艘大船。
【用法二】n. 全船的人
例如：The whole ship was given liberty.全船的人都自由了。
【用法三】v. 用轮船运送
例如：I'm flying to America but my car is being shipped.
我正乘飞机去美国，而我的汽车用船运到美国。
【相关链接1】
by ship 坐船
例如：They went by ship to New York.他们乘船去了纽约。
【相关链接2】
warship 战船spaceship宇宙飞船
steamship轮船shipbuilding造船业
shipyard造船厂
16.lie down
lie down躺下
例如：Having done all the housework, she lay down in bed.
做完所有的家务后，她躺在床上休息了。
注意：课文中的On November 12 the storm lay down.（十一月十二日风暴停下来了。）这个句子中的lay down是引申意义。
17.make a decision
make a decision 做出决定
例1：Finally he made a decision that he would give up the plan.
他终于做出决定要放弃计划。
例2：Children should be encouraged to make their own decisions.应当鼓励孩子自己去做出决定。
18.go down
go down（太阳）落山
例如：When the sun is going down, the whole farm looks more beautiful.当太阳落山时，整个农场看起来更美了。
【相关链接】
1）go down（价格）跌落
例如：The price of beef has gone down finally.牛肉的价格终于下降了。
2）go down（指海洋、风暴）平衡；平息
例如：The rough sea finally went down.波涛汹涌的海面总算平静下来了。
3）go down 受欢迎
例如：The film HERO went down well.《英雄》这部影片很受观众欢迎。
19.refer to
refer to所指；谈及；提及
例1：I was not referring to her when I said so.当我那么说时，我并不是指她。
例2：The boy you referred to is my seatmate.你刚才谈到的那个男生是我的同桌。
【相关链接】
1）refer to 参考；咨询
20
最新人教版高一下册英语教案
最新人教版高一下册英语教案 （一） Teaching Aims and Demands Words and Phrases Four Skills: stomach fever ought ought to examine plenty plenty of diet keep up with make a right choice short of fit gain now and then Three Skills: energy soft bar fuel chemical balance tasty boil mixture Spoken English: In the clinic / seeing a doctor: What’s wrong with you?/What’s the matter with you? Lie down and let me examine you. Let me have a look. Where does it hurt? Drink plenty of water and get some rest. I’ve got a pain here. This place hurts. There’s something wrong with back/my knee/my arm. I don’t feel well. Grammar:
Use of Language: 1. Master the function use of language as defined above. 2. Help the students to finish the tasks of listening, reading, writing, speaking presented in the book and the exercise book through using what the students have learned. Learn the text about healthy eating. Get the students know about the basic knowledge of how to eat healthily. Important points: 1. Talk about different kinds of food that one favorites. 2. learn the basic knowledge of healthy eating. 3. learn how to say in the clinic. 4. Grasp the language points and grammar in the text. Difficult points: The use of modal verbs --- had better, should and ought to. Teaching aids: computer or slider-projector Way of Teaching: Communication way of teaching, discussion and group work. Lesson 1Step 1 Warming-Up First show the students some pictures of dishes and so to introduce the topic of this unit. And then show the pictures on their text books and let them to decide what is junk food and what is not.
高一数学下册期末考试试题(数学)
出题人：孔鑫辉 审核人：罗娟梅 曾巧志 满分：150分 2009-07-07 一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题5分，共计50分） 1、经过圆:C 22(1)(2)4x y ++-=的圆心且斜率为1的直线方程为 （ ） A 、30x y -+= B 、30x y --= C 、10x y +-= D 、30x y ++= 2、半径为1cm ，中心角为150o 的弧长为（ ） A 、cm 32 B 、cm 32π C 、cm 65 D 、cm 6 5π 3、已知△ABC 中，12tan 5A =- ，则cos A =（ ） A 、1213 B 、 513 C 、513- D 、 1213 - 4、两个圆0222:221=-+++y x y x C 与0124:222=+--+y x y x C 的位置关系是（ ） A 、外切 B 、内切 C 、相交 D 、外离 5、函数1)4(cos 22--=π x y 是 （ ） A 、最小正周期为π的奇函数 B 、最小正周期为π的偶函数 C 、最小正周期为2 π的奇函数 D 、最小正周期为2π的偶函数 6、已知向量()2,1a =，10a b ?=，||52a b +=，则||b =（ ） A 、5 B 、10 C 、5 D 、 25 7、已知21tan = α，52)tan(=-αβ，那么)2tan(αβ-的值为（ ） A 、43- B 、121- C 、 89- D 、 9 7 8、已知圆1C ：2(1)x ++2(1)y -=1，圆2C 与圆1C 关于直线10x y --=对称，则圆2C 的方程为（ ） A 、2(2)x ++2(2)y -=1 B 、2(2)x -+2 (2)y +=1 C 、2(2)x ++2(2)y +=1 D 、2(2)x -+2(2)y -=1 9、已知函数()3cos (0)f x x x ωωω=+>，()y f x =的图像与直线2y =的两个相邻交点的距离等于π，则()f x 的单调递增区 间是（ ）A 、5[,],1212 k k k Z ππππ-+∈ B 、511[,],1212k k k Z ππππ++∈C 、[,],36k k k Z ππππ-+∈ D 、2[,],63 k k k Z ππππ++∈10、设向量a ，b 满足：||3a =，||4b =，0a b ?=，以a ，b ， a b -的模为边长构成三角形，则它的边与半径为1的圆的公共点个数最多为 ( )A 、3 B 、4 C 、5 D 、6 二、填空题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共计20分）
山东省青岛市高一数学下学期期末考试试题
2009年教学质量检测 高一数学 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分.共150分.考试时间120分钟． 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必用2B 铅笔和0.5毫米黑色签字笔（中性笔）将姓名、准考证号、考试科目、试卷类型填涂在答题卡规定的位置上． 2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．答案不能答在试题卷上． 3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔（中性笔）作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带．不按以上要求作答的答案无效． 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共60分） 一、选择题：本大题共12小题．每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的． 1．已知向量(4,2)a =，则下列选项中与a 共线的一个向量为 A ．(1,2) B ．(1,4) C ．24(,)33- D ．21(,)33 2．在等差数列{}n a 中，131315120,a a a a +++=则8a 的值为 A ．60 B ．30 C ．20 D ．15 3．已知直线1l ：02=--y ax 和直线2l ：01)2(=+-+y x a 互相垂直，则实数a 的值 为 A ．1- B ．0 C ．1 D ．2 4．函数4 (1)1 y x x x =+ >-的最小值为 A ．2 B ．3 C ．4 D ．5 5．已知直线l 过点2)-和(0,1)，则直线l 的倾斜角大小为 A ．150 B ．120 C ．60 D ． 30 6．圆1C ：012 2 =-+y x 和圆2C ：04242 2 =-+-+y x y x 的位置关系是
人教版高一英语(下)知识归纳(U18)
高一上知识归纳（U18） 1．run vi．(物)延伸，扩展；(事情)继续。 [举例](1) The road runs along the river. 那条道路沿着河流延伸。 (2) The ivy runs along the hedge. 常春藤沿着篱笆攀爬。 (3) The musical play has been running for five years. 那出音乐剧已经连续演了五年。 [搭配] run across 偶然遇见；跑过 run after 追求，追逐 run against与……相撞 run at 向……冲去 run away 逃跑，跑 run back to 追溯到 run out of 用完 run up to (数目)达到…… 2．be made up of 由．．．．组成 [举例] Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班由六个小组组成。 [比较] be made up of / be made with / be made out of / be made into (1) be made with指制成品中包含的某种原材料，是“由……做成的”的意思。 A fruit cake is made with fruit. 水果蛋糕是用水果制成的。 (2) be made out of 指做成整个成品的材料，多用于口语，意思和be made of／ from差不多，只是语气强一些。 The shirt is made out of the material. 这衬衫是用这种料子做成的。 (3) be made into是指“某种原料制成某种成品”。 Wool has been made into sweaters. 羊毛已做成羊毛衫了。 3．Surround vt．包围、环绕 [用法]surround指一物四周被另一物围绕或完全覆盖；也可指人(尤指土兵或警察)包围一个地方。 [举例](1) The house was surrounded by high walls.房屋四周围着高墙。 (2) The whole cake is surrounded by a thick coat of jelly. 整个蛋糕覆盖着一层厚厚的果冻。 (3) The village was surrounded by troops.村庄被部队包围了。 (4) They have surrounded the town with troops. 他们动用部队包围了这座城镇。 4．same adj．同一的，同样的 [搭配] the same.., as 与……一样the same.., that 是……同一个 at the same time 同时 all the same 尽管，如此，仍然[举例](1)We are the same age. 我们同岁。 (2)Let's meet at the same place as yesterday. 我们在跟昨天一样的地方见面。 (3)That jacket is the same as mine. 那上衣与我的一样。 (4)This is the same pen that I lost. 这正是我遗失的那支钢笔。 (5)They began to laugh at the same time. 他们同时笑了起来。 (6)He has faults, but I like him all the same. 他有缺点，然而我还是喜欢他。 5．be famous for以……闻名 [举例] He is famous for his fine acting.他以演技精湛著称。 China has been famous for its silk trade.中国以丝绸贸易著称。 [比较] be famous for／be famous as， be famous as表示“以……身份闻名”，be famous for是“以……而著名”。
人教版高一数学下册知识点
空间几何体表面积体积公式： 1、圆柱体:表面积:2πRr+2πRh体积:πR2h(R为圆柱体上下底圆半径,h为圆柱体高) 2、圆锥体:表面积:πR2+πR[(h2+R2)的]体积:πR2h/3(r为圆锥体低圆半径,h为其高, 3、a－边长,S＝6a2,V＝a3 4、长方体a－长,b－宽,c－高S＝2(ab+ac+bc)V＝abc 5、棱柱S－h－高V＝Sh 6、棱锥S－h－高V＝Sh/3 7、S1和S2－上、下h－高V＝h[S1+S2+(S1S2)^1/2]/3 8、S1－上底面积,S2－下底面积,S0－中h－高,V＝ h(S1+S2+4S0)/6 9、圆柱r－底半径,h－高,C—底面周长S底—底面积,S侧—,S表—表面积C＝2πrS底＝πr2,S侧＝Ch,S表＝Ch+2S底,V＝S底h＝πr2h 10、空心圆柱R－外圆半径,r－内圆半径h－高V＝πh(R^2-r^2) 11、r－底半径h－高V＝πr^2h/3 12、r－上底半径,R－下底半径,h－高V＝πh(R2＋Rr＋r2)/313、球r－半径d－直径V＝4/3πr^3＝πd^3/6 14、球缺h－球缺高,r－球半径,a－球缺底半径V＝πh(3a2+h2)/6＝πh2(3r-h)/3 15、球台r1和r2－球台上、下底半径h－高V＝πh[3(r12＋ r22)+h2]/6
16、圆环体R－环体半径D－环体直径r－环体截面半径d－环体截面直径V＝2π2Rr2＝π2Dd2/4 17、桶状体D－桶腹直径d－桶底直径h－桶高V＝πh(2D2＋ d2)/12,(母线是圆弧形,圆心是桶的中心)V＝πh(2D2＋Dd＋ 3d2/4)/15(母线是抛物线形) 练习题： 1．正四棱锥P—ABCD的侧棱长和底面边长都等于，有两个正四面体的棱长也都等于.当这两个正四面体各有一个面与正四棱锥的侧面PAD，侧面PBC完全重合时，得到一个新的多面体，该多面体是（）（A）五面体 （B）七面体 （C）九面体 （D）十一面体 2．正四面体的四个顶点都在一个球面上，且正四面体的高为4，则球的表面积为() （A）9 （B）18 （C）36 （D）64 3．下列说法正确的是() A．棱柱的侧面可以是三角形 B．正方体和长方体都是特殊的四棱柱
高一数学下册期末考试试题数学
高一数学下册期末考试试题（数学） 150分满分：审核人：罗娟梅曾巧志出题人：孔鑫辉 2009-07-07 50分）小题，每小题5分，共计一、选择题（本题共10224?2)?(x?1)?(y:C的直线方程为（）的圆心且斜率为1、经过圆10?3?1?0x?yx3?0?y?3?0x?y?x?y? D、B、、、CA o、半径为1cm，中心角为150）的弧长为（2??5225cmcmcmcm、、B、A、D C 663312??tanA?cosA△中，3、已知，则）ABC（5512512?? D、 B、C、A、 1313131322220?y?1?4x?2:Cx?y?2x?2y?2?0C:x?y4、两个圆）与的位置关系是（21、外离D C、相交A、外切B、内切 ?21?cos(x?)y?2）是5、函数（4??的偶函数BA、最小正周期为、最小正周期为的奇函数 ??、最小正周期为的偶函数C、最小正周期为D的奇函数 22??10??ba|b|?25?a|?b|2,1a?（）6、已知向量，则，， 551025、CA、、DB、 12????????tan)tan()?tan(2的值为（，那么，7、已知）259731???D、B、C、A、981245.u.c.o.m w.w.w..s.22CCCC1)y?(x?1)(0?y?1x?的方程为（=1，圆8、已知圆与圆：关于直线）+ 对称，则圆221122222)(y?2)?x(?2)(y?2)(x=1 A、+ + B、=1 22222)(y?2)(x?2)((x?2)y?=1 =1 C、D、++?)xf(2y?的单调递增区的两个相邻交点的距离等于，的图像与直线、已知函数则9，???0)(?xcos?(fx)?3sinx)y?f(x ）（间是????1155 、B A、????Z],?,kk[k??Z],kk[???,k12121212????2 D、C、 ????Z[k??,k],k[??,kZ?],k?k3636baa?b?0?baba4b|?3a||?|1的圆的公，，，，10、设向量满足：，，以的模为边长构成三角形，则它的边与半径为w.w.w.k.s.5 ) ( 共点个数最多为 5364 D 、、、A B C 、
人教版高一下册英语教案
人教版高一下册英语教案 人教版高一下册英语教案（一） Teaching Aims and Demands Words and PhrasesFour Skills: stomach fever ought ought to examine plenty plenty of diet keep up with make a right choice short of fit gain now and then Three Skills: energy soft bar fuel chemical balance tasty boil mixture Spoken English: In the clinic / seeing a doctor: What’s wrong with you?/What’s the matter with you? Lie down and let me examine you. Let me have a look. Where does it hurt? Drink plenty of water and get some rest. I’ve got a pain here. This place hurts. There’s something wrong with back/my knee/my arm. I don’t feel well. Grammar: Use of Language: 1. Master the function use of language as defined above. 2. Help the students to finish the tasks of listening, reading, writing, speaking presented in the book and the exercise book through using what the students have
人教版高一数学下册知识点
人教版高一数学下册知识点 【篇一】集合的有关概念 1）集合(集)：某些指定的对象集在一起就成为一个集合（集）．其中每一个对象叫元素 注意：①集合与集合的元素是两个不同的概念，教科书中是通过描述给出的，这与平面几何中的点与直线的概念类似。 ②集合中的元素具有确定性（a?A和a?A，二者必居其一）、互异性（若a?A，b?A，则a≠b）和无序性（{a,b}与{b,a}表示同一个集合）。 ③集合具有两方面的意义，即：凡是符合条件的对象都是它的元素；只要是它的元素就必须符号条件 2）集合的表示方法：常用的有列举法、描述法和图文法 3）集合的分类：有限集，无限集，空集。 4）常用数集：N，Z，Q，R，N* 子集、交集、并集、补集、空集、全集等概念 1）子集：若对x∈A都有x∈B，则AB（或AB）； 2）真子集：AB且存在x0∈B但x0A；记为AB（或，且）3）交集：A∩B={x|x∈A且x∈B} 4）并集：A∪B={x|x∈A或x∈B} 5）补集：CUA={x|xA但x∈U} 注意：A，若A≠?，则?A； 若且，则A=B（等集）
集合与元素 掌握有关的术语和符号，特别要注意以下的符号：（1）与、?的区别；（2）与的区别；（3）与的区别。 子集的几个等价关系 ①A∩B=AAB；②A∪B=BAB；③ABCuACuB； ④A∩CuB=空集CuAB；⑤CuA∪B=IAB。 交、并集运算的性质 ①A∩A=A，A∩?=?，A∩B=B∩A；②A∪A=A，A∪?=A，A∪B=B∪A； ③Cu(A∪B)=CuA∩CuB，Cu(A∩B)=CuA∪CuB； 有限子集的个数： 设集合A的元素个数是n，则A有2n个子集，2n－1个非空子集，2n－2个非空真子集。 练习题： 已知集合M={x|x=m+,m∈Z},N={x|x=,n∈Z},P={x|x=,p∈Z}，则M,N,P满足关系（） A)M=NPB)MN=PC)MNPD)NPM 分析一：从判断元素的共性与区别入手。 解答一：对于集合M：{x|x=,m∈Z}；对于集合N：{x|x=,n ∈Z} 对于集合P：{x|x=,p∈Z}，由于3(n-1)+1和3p+1都表示被3除余1的数，而6m+1表示被6除余1的数，所以MN=P，故
【典型题】高一数学下期末试题(附答案)
【典型题】高一数学下期末试题(附答案) 一、选择题 1．设n S 是等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和,若1353a a a ++=,则5S = A ．5 B ．7 C ．9 D ．11 2．执行右面的程序框图，若输入的,,a b k 分别为1,2,3，则输出的M =( ) A ． 203 B ． 72 C ． 165 D ． 158 3．已知扇形的周长是12，面积是8，则扇形的中心角的弧度数是（ ） A ．1 B ．4 C ．1或4 D ．2或4 4．若，则（ ） A ． B ． C ． D ． 5．在ABC ?中，2AB =2AC =，E 是边BC 的中点.O 为ABC ?所在平面内一点 且满足222OA OB OC ==u u u v u u u v v ，则·AE AO u u u v u u u v 的值为（ ） A ． 1 2 B ．1 C ． 22 D ． 32 6．已知{}n a 的前n 项和2 41n S n n =-+，则1210a a a +++=L （ ） A ．68 B ．67 C ．61 D ．60 7．在ABC V 中，已知,2,60a x b B ===o ，如果ABC V 有两组解，则x 的取值范围是( ) A ．432? ?? ， B ．432??? ?， C ．432???? ， D ．43? ?? 8．已知01a b <<<，则下列不等式不成立．．．的是 A ．1 1()()2 2 a b > B ．ln ln a b > C ． 11a b > D ． 11ln ln a b >
9．设函数()sin()cos()f x x x ω?ω?=+-+0,||2πω??? >< ?? ? 的最小正周期为π，且f x f x -=（）（），则（ ） A ．()f x 在0,2π? ? ?? ? 上单调递增 B ．()f x 在,22ππ?? - ???上单调递减 C ．()f x 在0, 2π?? ?? ? 上单调递减 D ．()f x 在,22ππ?? - ??? 上单调递增 10．已知二项式12(*)n x n N x ? ?-∈ ?? ?的展开式中第2项与第3项的二项式系数之比是2︰ 5，则3x 的系数为（ ） A ．14 B ．14- C ．240 D ．240- 11．将直线2x －y ＋λ＝0沿x 轴向左平移1个单位，所得直线与圆x 2＋y 2＋2x －4y ＝0相切，则实数λ的值为( ) A ．－3或7 B ．－2或8 C ．0或10 D ．1或11 12．如图，在△ABC 中, 13AN NC =u u u v u u u v ,P 是BN 上的一点,若29 AP m AB AC ??→??→??→ =+,则实数m 的值为( ) A ． B ． C ． 1 9 D ． 二、填空题 13．某工厂生产甲、乙、丙、丁四种不同型号的产品，产量分别为200,400,300,100件，为检验产品的质量，现用分层抽样的方法从以上所有的产品中抽取60件进行检验，则应从丙种型号的产品中抽取________ 件. 14．如图，在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，E 、F 分别是1DD 、DC 上靠近点D 的三等分点，则异面直线EF 与11A C 所成角的大小是______.
人教版高一英语下学期试卷及答案
2018～2019学年度第二学期《英语》期末考试试卷(A卷) 班级学号姓名总分 (考试形式：闭卷时间：120分钟) 适用班级：高一英语 说明: 1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分, 共10 页6大题。 2. 满分150分; 答题时间120分钟。 3. 卷I答案需用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上相应题号下，卷II答案用黑色水笔、黑色钢笔 书写到答题卡上。铅笔书写卷II内容不得分。 第I卷（共90分） 第一部分听力（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分） 略 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分15分） 从A、B、C及D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 16. On this map what does a star ________? A. tell B. represent C. say D. mean 17. I first met Mr Smith in America. He ________ at Stanford University then. A. studied B. had studied C. is studying D. was studying 18. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. ________, our minds are developed by learning. A. Possibly B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally 19. ________, most teenagers now listen to rock music. However, John likes classical music better. A. In a word B. In general C. In time D. In total 20. The letter “X” can be used ________ an unknown number. A. to expressing B. to express C. expressing D. expression
高一数学下学期期末考试试题(新版)人教版
2019学年高一数学下学期期末考试试题 一、选择题（共计10小题，每小题4分，计40分，在每小题给出的4个选项中，只有一个选项是正确的。） 1.已知A={第一象限角}，B={锐角}，C={小于90°的角}，那么A 、B 、C 关系是( ) A ．B=A ∩C B ．B ∪C=C C ．A C D ．A=B=C 2.已知角α的终边上一点为P(4,-3)，则sin α=( ) A ． 4 5 B ． 35 C ．－45 D ．－35 3.已知平面向量a →=(1,2)，b →=(1,-1)则向量13a →-4 3b → =( ) A ．（-2，-1） B ．（-2，1） C ．（-1，0） D ．（-1，2） 4.下列向量组中能作为表示它们所在平面内所有向量的基底的是( ) A ．(0,0)a =r ，(2,3)b =r B ．(1,0)a =-r ，(2,0)b =-r C ．(3,6)a =r ，(2,3)b =r D ．(1,2)a =-r ，(2,4)b =-r 5.化简 1-sin 2160° 的结果是( ) A ．cos 160° B ． ±|cos 160°| C ．±cos 160° D ．﹣cos 160° 6．下列各式中，值为 1 2 的是( ) A ．sin 15°cos 15° B ．cos 2 π 12 －sin 2 π12 C ．tan 22.5° 1-tan 222.5° D ．12+12cos π 6 7.已知a →,b →均为单位向量，它们的夹角为60°，那么|a →+3b → |=( ) A. 3 B. 10 C.4 D.13 8.如图所示，该曲线对应的函数是( )
高一英语下学期unit 教案
高一下知识归纳（U18） 1．run vi．(物)延伸，扩展；(事情)继续。 [举例](1) The road runs along the river. 那条道路沿着河流延伸。 (2) The ivy runs along the hedge. 常春藤沿着篱笆攀爬。 (3) The musical play has been running for five years. 那出音乐剧已经连续演了五年。 [搭配] run across 偶然遇见；跑过run after 追求，追逐 run against与……相撞run at 向……冲去 run away 逃跑，跑run back to 追溯到 run out of 用完run up to (数目)达到…… 2．be made up of 由．．．．组成 [举例] Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班由六个小组组成。 [比较] be made up of / be made with / be made out of / be made into (1) be made with指制成品中包含的某种原材料，是“由……做成的”的意思。 A fruit cake is made with fruit. 水果蛋糕是用水果制成的。 (2) be made out of 指做成整个成品的材料，多用于口语，意思和be made of／from差不多，只是语气强一些。 The shirt is made out of the material. 这衬衫是用这种料子做成的。 (3) be made into是指“某种原料制成某种成品”。 Wool has been made into sweaters. 羊毛已做成羊毛衫了。 3．Surround vt．包围、环绕 [用法]surround指一物四周被另一物围绕或完全覆盖；也可指人(尤指土兵或警察)包围一个地方。 [举例](1) The house was surrounded by high walls.房屋四周围着高墙。 (2) The whole cake is surrounded by a thick coat of jelly. 整个蛋糕覆盖着一层厚厚的果冻。 (3) The village was surrounded by troops.村庄被部队包围了。 (4) They have surrounded the town with troops. 他们动用部队包围了这座城镇。 4．same adj．同一的，同样的 [搭配] the same.., as 与……一样the same.., that 是……同一个 at the same time 同时all the same 尽管，如此，仍然 [举例](1)We are the same age. 我们同岁。 (2)Let's meet at the same place as yesterday. 我们在跟昨天一样的地方见面。 (3)That jacket is the same as mine. 那上衣与我的一样。 (4)This is the same pen that I lost. 这正是我遗失的那支钢笔。 (5)They began to laugh at the same time. 他们同时笑了起来。 (6)He has faults, but I like him all the same. 他有缺点，然而我还是喜欢他。 5．be famous for以……闻名 [举例] He is famous for his fine acting.他以演技精湛著称。 China has been famous for its silk trade.中国以丝绸贸易著称。
人教版高一数学下册数列知识点
人教版高一数学下册数列知识点 1．数列的定义 按一定次序排列的一列数叫做数列，数列中的每一个数都叫做数列的项. (1)从数列定义可以看出，数列的数是按一定次序排列的，如果组成数列的数相同而排列次序不同，那么它们就不是同一数列，例如数列1，2，3，4，5与数列5，4，3，2，1是不同的数列. (2)在数列的定义中并没有规定数列中的数必须不同，因此，在同一数列中可以出现多个相同的数字，如：-1的1次幂，2次幂，3次幂，4次幂，…构成数列：-1，1，-1，1，…. (4)数列的项与它的项数是不同的，数列的项是指这个数列中的某一个确定的数，是一个函数值，也就是相当于 f(n)，而项数是指这个数在数列中的位置序号，它是自变量的值，相当于f(n)中的n. (5)次序对于数列来讲是十分重要的，有几个相同的数，由于它们的排列次序不同，构成的数列就不是一个相同的数列，显然数列与数集有本质的区别.如：2，3，4，5，6这5个数按不同的次序排列时，就会得到不同的数列，而{2，3，4，5，6}中元素不论按怎样的次序排列都是同一个集合.
2．数列的分类 (1)根据数列的项数多少可以对数列进行分类，分为有穷数列和无穷数列.在写数列时，对于有穷数列，要把末项写出，例如数列1，3，5，7，9，…，2n-1表示有穷数列，如果把数列写成1，3，5，7，9，…或1，3，5，7，9，…，2n-1，…，它就表示无穷数列. (2)按照项与项之间的大小关系或数列的增减性可以分为以下几类：递增数列、递减数列、摆动数列、常数列. 3．数列的通项公式 数列是按一定次序排列的一列数，其内涵的本质属性是确定这一列数的规律，这个规律通常是用式子f(n)来表示的， 这两个通项公式形式上虽然不同，但表示同一个数列，正像每个函数关系不都能用解析式表达出来一样，也不是每个数列都能写出它的通项公式;有的数列虽然有通项公式，但在形式上，又不一定是唯一的，仅仅知道一个数列前面的有限项，无其他说明，数列是不能确定的，通项公式更非唯一.如：数列1，2，3，4，…， 由公式写出的后续项就不一样了，因此，通项公式的归纳不仅要看它的前几项，更要依据数列的构成规律，多观察分析，真正找到数列的内在规律，由数列前几项写出其通项公式，没有通用的方法可循.
高一数学第一学期期末考试试题及答案下载
高一数学试题 教师 一选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题的四个选项中，有一项是符合题目要求的） 1.已知集合{},)0A x y x y =-=（，{} ,)0B x y x y =+=（，则A B =( ) A {}0 B {}0,0 C {}(0,0) D ? 2.下列函数中与函数y x =相同的是 （ ） A 2 y = B y = y =2x y x = 3. 过点的直线的倾斜角为（ ） A 00 B 030 C 060 D 0 90 4.在空间中，下列命题正确的是（ ） （1） 平行于同一条直线的两条直线平行；（2）平行于同一条直线的两条平面平行； （3）平行于同一平面的两条直线平行；（4）平行于同一平面的两个平面平行； A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 5.设()ln 26f x x x =+-，则下列区间中使()0f x =有实数解的区间是（ ） A [1,2] B [2,3] C [3,4] D [4,5] 6.如果奇函数()f x 在区间[3,7]上是增函数且最小值是5，那么()f x 在区间[7,3]--上是（ ） A 增函数且最大值为5- B 增函数且最小值为5- C 减函数且最大值为5- D 减函数且最小值为5- 7.如图，已知正六棱柱的最大对角面的面积为42 m , 互相平行的两个侧面的距离为2m ，则这个六棱柱 的体积为（ ） A 3 3m B 3 6m C 3 12m D 以上都不对 8.已知01x y a <<<<，则有（ ） A () log 0xy a < B ()0log 1xy a << C ()1log 2xy a << D ()log 2 xy a > 1
人教版高一英语下册期末试卷一
高一下册期中英语试卷 第 I 卷第二部分笔试部分 Ⅰ.单项填空。（ 15 分） 21. Julie is one of the women who always______ the latest fashions. D. put up with A. make up for B. get along with C. keep up with 22. The film ______ upon an actual occurrence. A. is based B. is basing C. has based D. bases 23. He turned up the radio ______ everyone could hear the exciting news. A. in order to B. so as to C. such that D. so that 24. Oh ,I ’ m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldn ’ t eat B mustn ’ t haven eaten C. shouldn ’ t have eaten D mustn ’ t eat 25. There are scores of books here for me to ______.I don't know which to______. A. choose; choose from B. choose from; choose C. make a choice; choose from D. make choices; choose 26. We all write ______, even there ’ s not much to say. A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less 2 7. The taxi driver often ______ passengers to take their belongings when they leave the car. A. watches B. catches C. remembers D. reminds 28. The woman was ______ by the businessman ’ s offers of marriage and stupidly give him most of her money. A. taken in B. taken on C. taken off D. taken out 29. The Shanghai you see today is quite a different city from what it______. A. was used to be B. was used to do C. used to be D. used to do 30.Peter often tells lies, so I can hardly ______him. A. take in B. believe in C. get in D. turn in 31. They are brothers but they have little ______. A. in the same B. in difference C. in common D. in the way 32. － Li Lei! You ’ ve won the boy ’ s 100 metres. Congratulations! －______. A. I think it ’ s easy B. Not at all. It ’ s nothing
高一下册期中考试数学试题及答案(人教版)-2020年
高一下学期期中质量调查数学试题 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共24分） 一、选择题:本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目 要求的. 1.下列命题正确的是 A.若0a b <<，则 ac bc < B. 若,a b c d >>，则 ac bd > C.若a b >，则1a b < D.若22,0a b c c c >≠，则a b > 2.在数列{}n a 中，111,3n n a a a +=-=-，则4a = A. 10- B. 7- C. 5- D. 11 3.若13,24a b <<<<，则a b 的范围是 A. 1,12?? ??? B. 3,42?? ??? C. 13,42?? ??? D.()1,4 4.在ABC V 中，已知,24 c A a π == =，则角C = A. 3π B. 23π C. 3π或23π D.12π或512 π 5.已知数列{}n a 为等比数列，有51374a a a -=，{}n b 是等差数列，且77a b =，则59b b += A. 4 B. 8 C. 16 D. 0或8 6.在ABC V 中，已知sin 2cos sin A B C =，则ABC V 的形状时 A. 直角三角形 B. 等腰三角形 C.等腰直角三角形 D.不确定 7.设n S 是等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，若3613S S =，则612 S S = A. 13 B. 18 C. 19 D.310 8.已知数列{}n a 前n 项和21n n S =-，则此数列奇数项和前n 项和是 A. ()21213n - B. ()11213n +- C. ()21223n - D. ()11 223 n +- 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共76分） 二、填空题：本大题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分. 9.在数列{}n a 中，2 23n a n =-，则125是这个数列的第 项. 10.在ABC V 中，三边,,a b c 成等比数列，222 ,,a b c 成等差数列，则三边,,a b c 的关系为 . 11.对于任意实数x ，不等式2 3 204 mx mx +- <恒成立，则实数m 的取值范围是 . 12.在等差数列{}n a 中，已知11a =，前5项和535,S =则8a 的值是 . 13.在ABC V 中，若120,5,7,A AB BC ===o ，则ABC V 的面积S = . 14.已知数列{}n a 满足，11232,2n n n a a a +=+?=，则数列{}n a 的通项公式是 . 三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共52分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(本小题满分8分) 已知不等式2 320ax x -+>的解集为{} |x 1x b x <>或.
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