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写作训练第四周 并列句和状语从句的写作

写作训练第四周 并列句和状语从句的写作
写作训练第四周 并列句和状语从句的写作

第四周并列句和状语从句的写作

一、并列句

并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。

Talents come from diligence, and knowledge is gained by accumulation.

天才在于勤奋,知识在于积累。

Not only does he speak English correctly, but also he speaks it fluently.

他不仅能正确地说英语,而且说得很流利。

Ms. Li spent a wonderful time with us, but we know that we cannot thank her enough for all her hard work and guidance.(2012·陕西书面表达)

李老师和我们度过了一段快乐的时光,但我们知道对她所有的付出和指导再怎么感谢也不为过。

What he lacks is not intelligence but perseverance.

他所缺乏的不是聪明才智而是毅力。

I apologized to her, for I had wronged her.

我向她道歉了,因为我错怪了她。

I'm good at science while my sister prefers arts.

我擅长理科而我妹妹更喜欢文科。

2.并列连词构成的常用句式

(1)and构成的句式

①祈使句+and+陈述句(祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句,and后面的句子相当于一个表示结果的主句)。

Work hard and you will succeed.(=If you work hard, you will succeed.)

努力学习,你就会成功。

②名词词组+and+陈述句(名词词组相当于一个条件状语从句,其中常含有more, another 等词)。

Another try, and you'll make a success.

再试一次,你就会取得成功。

(2)or (else)/otherwise构成的句式

①祈使句+or (else)/otherwise+陈述句。

Seize the chance, or (else) you'll regret.

抓住这次机会,否则你会后悔的。

②名词词组+or (else)/otherwise+陈述句。

More healthy food, or you'll break down early or late.

多吃健康食品,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。

(3)when构成的句式

①sb. was doing sth. when ...

某人正在做某事,这时……

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.

我们正在开会,这时突然有人闯了进来。

②sb. was about to do sth. when ...

某人正要做某事,这时……

We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.

我们正打算动身,突然下起雨来了。

③sb. had just done sth. when ...

某人刚做完某事,这时……

I had just finished sweeping the floor when the telephone rang.

我刚刚拖完地,这时电话铃响了。

二、状语从句

在英语写作中,状语从句的运用也是高考英语高分作文的必需条件,所以考生必须学会并熟练运用状语从句。

状语从句修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词,由从属连词引导,可位于句首,也可位于主句后。状语从句在句首时,往往用逗号把从句与主句隔开

在写好简单句的基础上,要写好含状语从句的复合句,掌握引导每种状语从句的连词是关键,因为状语从句内的结构与简单句相同,我们需要什么状语从句,只需在句前加上相应的连词即可。当然我们还需分清复合句中哪是主句,哪是从句。

2.状语从句的常用句型结构

(1)时间状语从句

①When/While/As+从句,+主句

When he comes, we'll light the candles and sing “Happy Birthday” together for him.(2012·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

当他到来时,我们将点起蜡烛一起为他唱生日歌。

As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.(2012·四川书面表达)随着世界逐步变成地球村,英语变得越来越重要,因此掌握英语就意味着通过一个新的窗口看世界。

②主句+after/before+从句

They hadn't been married for four months before they divorced.

他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。

We went home after we finished the work.

我们完成工作就回家了。

③主句+until+从句

I worked until he came back.

我一直工作到他回来。

I didn't work until he came back.

他回来后我才开始工作。

④No sooner+had+主语+done ... than+主语+did(注意:其正常语序是:主语+had+no sooner+done ... than+主语+did)

No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you. =I had no sooner got to Beijing than I

called you.

我一到北京就给你打电话了。

⑤By the time +(that)从句+主句(注意:主句用完成时态)

By the time you came back, I had finished reading this book.

到你回来时,我已经读完这本书了。

By the time you come back, I will have finished reading this book.

到你回来时,我将读完这本书。

⑥Each/Every time +(that)从句+主句(each/every time相当于whenever或no matter when)

Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.

每当他来哈尔滨的时候,他总会顺便来看我。

(2)地点状语从句

①主句+where+从句

Farming is difficult or impossible where there is no rain.

在没有雨水的地方种庄稼是很难的或者说是不可能的。

②Anywhere/Wherever+从句+主句

Anywhere I go, my wife goes, too.

无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也都要跟着去。

(3)条件状语从句

①When/So long as/As long as/Once+从句+主句(从句也可以放在主句之后)

As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.

只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。

③Were/Should/Had+主语+谓语+主句

Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.

如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了。

④主句+unless+从句(注意:从句谓语动词用肯定形式)

I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.

如果明天不下雨,我就去那儿

⑤If+necessary/impossible/important ...+主句(从句常用省略句式)

If necessary, I will do it.

如果有必要的话,我来做此事。

(4)原因状语从句

①主句+for fear (that)/considering that/seeing that+从句

Take your raincoat for fear (that) it may rain.

带上你的雨衣,恐怕要下雨。

②主句+because+从句

He was late for work because he was caught in the traffic.

因为堵车,他上班迟到了。

③As/Since+从句+主句

Since she can't answer this question, it's better to ask someone else.

既然她不会回答这个问题,最好问其他人好了。

(5)让步状语从句

①No matter what/which/who/where/when/whose+从句+主句(注意:从句常用一般现在时) No matter what you do, you must do it well.=Whatever you do, you must do it well.

无论你做什么,一定要做好。

No matter where you go, please let me know.=Wherever you go, please let me know.

你无论去哪儿,请通知我。

②形容词/副词/名词+as/though+主语+谓语+主句(从句中名词作表语时,其前不加冠词) Hard as he works, I am sure that he can't pass this exam.

虽然他学习很努力,但我认为这次考试他肯定通不过。

Boy as he is, he is his mother's good help.

尽管他还是个孩子,他已经是妈妈的好帮手了。

(6)目的状语从句

主句+in order that/so that+从句

I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.

我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。

(7)结果状语从句

①主句+so that+从句

It was very cold so that the river froze.

天气很冷,因此河水结冰了。

②So+形容词/副词+系动词/助动词+主语+that+从句

So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.

这本书非常有趣,我想再读一遍。

③主语+谓语+such+名词+that从句

He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.

他取得了如此大的进步,因此老师表扬了他。

④Such be+主语+that从句

Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.

爆炸力如此巨大,以至于所有的窗户都被震碎了。

Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空

1.Stand over there you'll be able to see the oil

painting better.

2.Start out right away, you'll miss the

first train.

3.I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare

time to practicing English, I failed to pass the midterm examination.

4.About 9:00 last night, I was busy preparing for my

tomorrow's test suddenly loud noises came into my room.

5.Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their

idols, 48% of the boys favor sports stars.

6.However, sometimes when you meet some difficulties,

when you quarrel with others when you fail in doing something, you may have a bad mood.

7.I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be

some time Brian gets back.

8.the Internet is of great help, I

don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.

9.After the war, a new school building was put up _______

there had once been a theatre.

10.All people, they are old or young, rich or

poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.

Ⅱ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个并列句或含有状语从句的复合句1.He was tired. He went to bed.

__________________________________________

___________________

2.Our teacher must be at home. The door is open.

_____________________________________________

3.He is considered to be a good writer. His works are not

widely read.

________________________________________________

______________

4.I was walking in the street. I saw an old friend of mine.

________________________________________________

________

5.You will be late. You leave immediately.

________________________________________

6.Take more exercise. You'll get really fit.

_____________________________________

7.We must study hard. Knowledge is power.

____________________________________________

8.Students can improve their writing ability in this way.

They can strengthen their selfconfidence.

_________________________________________________

Ⅲ.高考作文单句翻译

1.(2012·安徽书面表达)父母希望我在大学学习科学,因为

他们认为作为理科学生的我会有更好的未来。(because)

________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________ 2.(2012·江苏书面表达)他们开始大喊大叫,随后变成了可

怕的争吵。(and)

______________________________________________

3.(2012·浙江书面表达)我正在欣赏周围的美景时,某种

不愉快的事吸引了我的眼球。(when)

_____________________________________________

_________________________________

4.(2012·湖北短文写作)尽管对简陋的校园和配备不好的

教室感到失望,但我发现老师们都很耐心和体贴。(as)

_______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________ 5.(2012·天津书面表达)我希望这个机会不仅使你高兴而

且也会满足你对中国歌剧的兴趣。(not only ... but also ...)

_______________________________________________

_________________________________________ 6.(2012·陕西书面表达)随着教师节的来临,我们班决定

今年做一下改变:举办一次聚会来庆祝这一重要节日。(as) _________________________________________________ ______________________________________________

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

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高考必考语法:并列句与状语从句

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并列句和状语从句讲解(可编辑修改版).

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