2015高考英语阅读理解练习(4)(答案)

2015高考英语阅读理解练习（4）（答案）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on fact or reason. Examples of prejudice in schools include believing that some students are particular type of people simply because of the way they dress or act, or believing that a certain group is good at sports simply because many peop1e in that group are goad at sports. Another example is believing that a boy is good at science because many boys are good at science.

I would l ike to cite more examples from the English literature. The best example of “prejudice” can be found in Jane Austen’s novels. Her novels in the history of English literature are popularly known as "novels of manners".Thus you can clearly understand that where manners and social behavior are concerned，"prejudice" is inevitable ! Austen' s famous novel Pride and Prejudice is the best example in this respect. When you read the novel, the very first line that would strike you is “it is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”It is an example of 18th century English middle class prejudice that eventually looked upon women just as an object that would serve as the basic sign for a man to establish his manliness and his superior and well acquired financial status. This novel is chiefly about class division，social norms and the consequent human behavior. The characters Elizabeth and Darcy，in their journey of 1ife through the course of the novel, highlight their personal prejudices towards one another that arise from their different social strata(阶层).Darcy，a rich man , at first ,

fails to admire the beauty and intelligence of Elizabeth because of her low social status:"she is tolerable; but not handsome e nough to tempt me;”and Eli zabeth，proud of her "first impressions"，failed to understand the well natured man under the proud and unfriendly Darcy.

33. What is "prejudice" defined in this passage?

A. Prejudice is a reasonable idea that is based on one’s own experience.

B. Prejudice is a preference for one group of people or things over another.

C. Prejudice is a preconceived opinion before becoming aware of fact or reason.

D. Prejudice is an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things.

34. The underlined word "inevitable" in the second paragraph probably_means_ .

A. unavoidable

B. reasonable

C. unbelievable

D. valuable

35.From the novel Pride and Prejudice，we can’t learn that.

A. where manners and social behavior are concerned "prejudice" is inevitable

B. "prejudice" was defined and compared with“p ride” in 18th century

C. it's about class division，social norms and the consequent human behavior

D. personal prejudices towards one another arise from different social strata 【参考答案】33—35、CAB

阅读理解

9. Whose entry will be accepted by The New Yorker?

A.Richard, a post-graduate from Quebec, Canada, who sent his design on Dec.20.

B.Amy, a 28-year-old Asian-American teacher, who sent her design on Jan. 20.

C.Jessie, a 16-year-old student from New York, who sent her design on Dec. 29.

D.John, a 68-year-old retired engineer from San Francisco, who sent his design on

Jan. 10.

10. Which of the following is NOT true about James Surowiecki?

A.James Surowiecki is the author of The Financial Page column.

B.James Surowiecki usually has discussions with people from different fields.

C.James Surowiecki speaks with a chairman about issues of medicine this month.

D.Visiting https://www.sodocs.net/doc/284692794.html,/go/vasella, you can watch the conversation of this

month between James and an economist.

11. ___________ can be provided by The Big Apple Circus Care program for sick children.

A. Excellent treatment and care

B. Trained professional doctors and nurses

C. Unique methods to relieve stress

D. Special pediatric facilities

12. Which of the following can be used by the Big Apple Circus Clo wn Care program to

promote itself?

A. We help all children live happy lives.

B. Our doctors jump through rings to cure the blues.

C. Every life deserves world class care.

D. Work together for a healthier world.

【参考答案】9—12、DDCB

科普知识型阅读理解(一)

Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees(黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own.Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.

The new work by Sonya M．Kahlenberg and Richard W．Wrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild non-human species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animal’s choice of playthings.

The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with

trucks.Doll play among humans could have its origins in object—carrying by earlier apes(猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.

“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in children’s toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，”says Kahlenberg.“While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”

In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda, Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stick-carrying.Some

young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick.“We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，”says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard.“If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying sticks

when they had their first child.We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”

()1.What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?

A．She gives them to her child to play with.

B．She treats them as dolls.

C．She makes useful tools from them.

D．She treats them as weapons.

()2.What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?

A．Sex difference.

B．Socialization.

C．Environment.

D．Cultural difference.

()3.We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ________.

A．socialization has nothing to do with human’s choice of playthings

B．sex difference is the only factor in human’s choice of playthings

C．the biology factor may also influence toy choice

D．people choose different toys in different cultures

()4.Wrangham probably believes that________.

A．observing so many chimpanzees has been enough for them to make a conclusion

B．the study proves human beings have evolved (进化) from chimpanzees

C．all chimpanzees treat the sticks as dolls

D．children playing with sticks are abnormal

()5.It can be concluded from the passage that ________.

A．both humans and chimpanzees choose their playthings due to sex difference B．different factors cause humans and chimpanzees to choose different playthings C．only female chimpanzees have playthings

D．chimpanzees usually choose playthings for their children

【解析】本文是科普文。研究发现，雌性黑猩猩喜欢把棍子当作自己的玩具娃娃。

1．B细节理解题。从文章第一段可知，雌性黑猩猩把棍子当作自己的玩具娃娃。

2．A细节理解题。综合分析文章可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。

3．C推理判断题。从第四段可知，这两位科学家的研究表明生物学因素也可能影响对玩具的偏好。

4．A推理判断题。从第五段最后一句可知答案。

5．A推理判断题。综合文章信息可知，无论是人类还是黑猩猩，性别是导致玩具选择差异的重要原因。

阅读理解------D

Throughout the 1990s and 2000s until today, Domingo continued performing, singing many of the same roles but adding new roles as well, among them the title roles in Wagner‘s Parsifal and Mozart‘s Idomeneo, Rossini‘s Il barbiere di Siviglia as Figaro, Wagner’s Die Walküre as Siegmund, Lehár‘s The Merry Widow as Danilo and Alfano‘s Cyrano de Bergerac as Cyrano. From the middle 1990s to early in 2008 alone, he added 38 new roles, covering opera in six different languages (English, Italian, French, German,

Russian and Spanish). The latest was the Italian opera by George Frideric Handel, Tamerlano.

Giving him even greater international recognition outside of the world of opera, he participated in The Three Tenors（男高音）concert at the eve of the 1990 FIFA World Cup Final in Rome with José Carreras and Luciano Pavarotti. The event was originally planned to raise money for the José Carreras International Leukemia（白血病）Foundation and was later repeated a number of times, including at the three later World Cup finals (1994 in Los Angeles, 1998 in Paris, and 2002 in Yokohama). Alone, Domingo again made an appearance at the final of the 2006 World Cup in Berlin, along with rising stars Anna Netrebko and Rolando Villazón. On 24 August 2008, Domingo performed a duet with Song Zuying, singing ài de Huǒyàn (The Flame of Love) at the 2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony in Beijing.The Beijing Olympics were the second Olympics he performed at; he sang the Olympic Hymn at the closing ceremonies of the Barcelona Olympics.At the Olympic games that followed, he would meet Sissel Kyrkjeb?, who performed the Olympic Hymn at both the opening and closing ceremonies at those games.

In what has been called his ‘final career move’, Plácido Domingo announced on 25 January 2007 that in 2009 he would take on one of Verdi‘s most demanding bariton e （男中音）roles, singing the title role in Simon Boccanegra. The first performance was at Berlin State Opera on October 24, followed by 29 other performances during 2009/2010 at major opera houses around the world.He would, however, continue to sing tenor roles beforehand and afterwards.

On 16–17 April 2008 he sang during the visit of Pope Benedict XVI at Nationals Park and at the Italian embassy in Washington D.C. Since 1990 Plácido Domingo has received many awards and honors for his achievement in the field of music and in recognition of his many benefit concert s and contributions to various charities.

On 15 March 2009, The Metropolitan Opera celebrated Domingo’s 40th anniversary with the company with an on-stage gala dinner at the Met’s 125th anniversary, in honour of his first performance in Adriana Lecouvreur as Maurizio opposite Renata Tebaldi on 28 September 1968.

On 29 August 2009 he sang Panis Angelicus at the funeral mass of Senator Ted Kennedy in the Basilica of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in Boston, Massachusetts.

On September 20, 2010, Domingo announced that he would renew his contract as General Director of the Lo s Angeles Opera through 2013.On September 27, 2010, Domingo announced that he will not renew his contract as General Director of the Washington National Opera beyond its June 2011 expiration date.

Ever a sympathetic colleague, in March 2011 he refused to sing in Buenos Aires until the city settled a bitter musicians strike at the Teatr o Colon.

13. What can we conclude from the passage?

A. Domingo can only sing in six different languages.

B. Domingo won many awards because he sang a lot.

C. José Carreras was later diagnosed with Leukemia.

D. Domingo enjoyed world-wide popularity as a Tenor.

14. Domingo does the following EXCEPT ___________.

A. charity work

B. promoting world sports

C. organizing anniversary celebrations

D. forming a peaceful society

15. Singing at different events of world sports shows that Domingo ___________.

A. prefers to try singing in different languages including Chinese

B. enjoys watching sports events despite his busy performances

C. would be more than happy to do some benefit work for the world

D. knows clearly that singing for sports events helps him to be famous

【参考答案】13—15、DCC