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虚拟语气用法归纳 (2)

虚拟语气用法归纳 (2)
虚拟语气用法归纳 (2)

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。

虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块,第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面:基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。

下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法:

通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

如何“各自为政”呢这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是“各自为政”。例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。一般而言,主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示

1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设)

4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设)

6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)

9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对

过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)

10. If I were your mother, I would let you go out this weekend. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)

虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中,特别注意虚拟语气与倒装的结合,前提是省略if,这种情况多见于过去和将来的假设,具体表现是将if省略,把had, were, should之类词语提前构成倒装。例如:

Were I you, I would go.

Should it happen, what should you do?

Had he recognised me, he would have come over.

虚拟语气中的“含蓄之美”指的是含蓄虚拟语气。因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等等,此时我们可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间(考试时多数情况是对过去的假设)。

But for your encouragement, I would not have been admitted to this university. (过去)Without water, all lives would die. (现在)

He felt too tired yesterday, or he would have attended my party. (过去)

I was having a meeting, otherwise I would have come to see you off. (过去)

虚拟语气的第二模块就是含有should +V的用法,这一部分主要是有关建议和命令的相关从句,包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及以之相关的形式主语宾语之类的从句。这一部分的词主要有常见的动词有advise, suggest, insist, order, require, recommend, command以及相关名词等等。记忆口诀:一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order, command),三个建议(suggest, advise, recommend),四个要求(ask, require, demand, request)。

1. 宾语从句的虚拟语气

He insisted that the meeting be put off.

The general ordered (that) all the soldiers (should ) leave.

He gives orders that the soldiers (should) leave.

2. 表语从句的虚拟语气

My suggestion is that we (should) stay here for a rest.

3. 同位语从句的虚拟语气

There is no suggestion that she (should) resign.

4. 主语从句的虚拟语气主要体现在It做形式主语的三种情况:It’s +p.p +that ;It’s + adj. +that;It’s + n. +that

常用的动词recommand, demand, desire, order, request, require, suggest,command

常用的形容词important, necessary, right, advisable, natural, strange, surprising, regretful,urgent, vital, insistent, essential

常用的名词duty, pity, no surpise, no wonder, shame, regret

其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似的的意思

It’s important that you should take the medicine.

It’s a pity that you should refuse the invitation.

It’s essential that we should learn some knowledge about fist aid.

It’s demanded that all the students should go to the playground.

It was suggested that he should join the club activities.

5. It为形式宾语的情况实际上是上面形式主语的一种变形,是以it为形式宾语的复合

宾语从句,it后面的宾语补足语多为形容词或名词,常见词就是上面形式主语后面的那些词。

I consider it vital that he (should) think deeply before acting.

We think it necessary that the meeting (should) be put off.

6. 某些词语如suggest, insist 等有双重含义,所以在使用的时候要注意什么时候用虚拟语气,什么时候不用虚拟语气。

Her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan.

We insisted that what the boy did was wrong.

虚拟语气的第三大模块指的是虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。句这些句式使用的虚拟语气与上面的虚拟语气会有所不同,主要有两种情况:

I. would rather, It’s time…, for fear that…

would rather在使用时要注意它的不同用法。因为本身would rather可以直接接动词原形,构成would rather do sth. (than do sth.else); 或者would do sth. rather than do sth.else.而虚拟语气的would rather 是这样使用的would rather sb. did(对现在或将来的假设)/ had done(对过去的假设)

I would rather he didn’t go now.

They would rather they hadn’t attended the party.

It’s (about) (high) time (that)…从句中常用过去式(有时也用should do), 含建议的意思。汉语的意思为“是该做…的时候了”,也等于It’s time for sb. to do sth.

It’s high time (that) we went home.

It’s high time that we (should) go home.

It’s high time for us to go home.

for fear that 后面可以接虚拟语气should do,也可以接其他语气,但依然会有一个情态动词。

I will not make a noise for fear that I should / might disturd you.

II. wish+clause; as if/ though+ clause; If only这三种情况的虚拟语气有点相似。

wish后的宾语从句,谓语动词要用虚拟语气,其形式主要有三种wish sb. did(对现在的虚拟); wish sb. had done(对过去的虚拟); wish sb. would do (对将来的虚拟).偶尔在对过去的虚拟时,也会出现wish sb. would have done的情况。

I wish I knew what was going to happen.

She wished she had stayed at home.

I wish I would have seen her last night.

★此时要注意表示语气很强时用How sb. Wish+ clause, 其用法同上。如果要用was依然换成were.

How I wish I were a bird.

as if/ though出现的虚拟语气主要有两种情况:主句+as if/ though引导的状语从句;seem/ look/ smell +as if/ though引导的表语从句。

主句+as if/ though引导的状语从句:主句+as if/ though+主语+did/ were(对现在的假设);主句+as if/ though+主语+could/ would do(对将来的假设);主句+as if/ though+主语+had done(对过去的假设)

seem/ look/ smell等的从句情况基本上和上面一致。

She talks as if she knew everything.

He behaved as if nothing had happened.

注意不需要用虚拟语气的情况

If only引起的感叹句要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望。形式为:用过去式或者would/ could

do, 表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望;用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的愿望。If only he were here!

If only you would listen to our advise!

If only I had not been busy last week!

★If only 也可以用于虚拟条件从句中,如:

If only I had more money, I could buy a car!

高考虚拟语气用法详解()

高考虚拟语气用法详解 一·语气概述 和时态语态一样,语气也是谓语动词的一种形式,它表明说话者的目的和意图。英语中有三种语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。(有的语法书说语气有四种,即还包括疑问语气)。 eg:①He doesn’t see very well in his right eye .他右眼视力不太好。(陈述语气) ②Have they ever been to Australia ?他们去过澳大利亚没有?(疑问语气) ③Please read through the instruction in advance .请先通读说明书。(祈使语 气) 二·虚拟语气概述 在英语中,由于说话人的意图不同,动词需用不同的形式,称为语气。虚拟语气是指说话人表示一种假设的情况,一种愿望,怀疑,推测,请求等,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实。虚拟语气可用于状语从句,名词性从句,定语从句及其他结构中。 三·非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 真实条件句(遵循主将从现原则) A.由If引导的两种条件句: 非真实条件句(虚拟语气) 以下为If在非真实条件句中虚拟语气的形式和用法: 假设类型If从句主句 与现在事实相反did (be用were)should/would/ could/might do 与过去事实相反had done should/would/ could/might have done 与将来事实相反1)did 2)were to do 3)should do should/would/ could/might do eg:①If I were you ,I would reconsider their advice .如果我是你的话,我会重新考虑他们的意见。(与现在事实相反) ②You would not have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes .如果你多穿了些衣服,你就不会得感冒了。(与过去事实相反)

高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结

高考英语虚拟语气的用 法总结 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类: (1)陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is! (2)祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点: 1.主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形(或be) 如 Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如 Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you 如 Let’s go out for a walk after supper,shall we /Let us clean our classroom, will you 5. 6.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. (3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中, If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如:

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如: Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三.含蓄条件句

虚拟语气表格总结版

虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 (一)形式 I.动词的语气简介: 语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中,可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 ?虚拟语气——与事实相反,表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用 一、在if条件从句中的运用 (一)表格及注意事项 ?注: ? 1. 目前,虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外,其他有些情况可以用was。 ? 2. 如果表示否定的意思,多用过去时结构,用should和were to较少。

(二)、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装 若符合下列条件,可以省略if: ? 1.必须是非真实条件句,并且有时,才可以省略if. ? 2.省略if时,主语与的位置必须相互调换。 例: (1)万一我见到她,我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. (2)如果我处在你的位置上,我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. (3)如果他们准备了的话,他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语,不定式表现出来。如with,without,but,but for,otherwise等。根据句子要表达的事态,选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。 I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up. 我弄丢了她的电话号码,否则我就能打给她了 If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. 要不是有你的帮助,我不会有机会去学校的。 If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I ____ the lecture. A.had attended B.would have attended C.would attend D.attended 例:(1)我们在那个小村庄中迷路了,否则昨天我们还能去更多有趣的地方地方。 (2)我本来可以帮你的,但是我太忙了。 二、用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 (一)在wish引导的宾语从句中,表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望,用虚拟语气。主句

高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结

高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类: (1)陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。如We are ready. What a fine day it is! (2)祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。如Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点: 1.主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形(或be) 如Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you 如Let’s go out for a walk after supper,shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you? 5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. (3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟 例如:If he were here, everything would be all right. If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如:

高考英语最新虚拟语气知识点解析含答案(1)

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虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

高考英语助动词虚拟语气用法大全

高考英语助动词虚拟语气用法大全 动词的语气—虚拟语气 一、语气的定义和种类 l、语气:语气是动词的一种形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2、语气的种类: (1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如:We re not redy. 我们没准备好。Wht ine dy it is!多好的天气啊! (2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, plese。请打开门。 (3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: I I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你,我就学英语了。My you succeed! 祝您成功! 二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: I it doesn’t rin to morrow, we will go to the prk. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如: I he hd seen you yesterdy, he would hve sked you bout it. 如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。)

在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下: 从句主句 与现在事实相 反 动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were)w ould/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形 与过去事实相反hd + 过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might + hve + 过去 分词 与将来事实相反 动词过去式,should + 动词原形,were to + 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形 注: 主句中的should只用于I、we,但在美国英语中,should常被would代替;从句中的should 可用于各种人称。 l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。如: I my brother were here, everything would be ll right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。 2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。如: I you hd tken my dvice,you wouldn't (couldn’t) hve iled in the exm. 如果你按照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。 3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。如: I it were Sundy tomorrow, I sho uld (would,could,might) go to see my grndmother. 如果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。I it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。 4、有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。例如: I you hd listened to t

高考虚拟语气用法归纳

高考虚拟语气用法归纳 在高三辅导学生备考过程中发现学生理解掌握和运用虑拟语气存在较大困难。下面将结合学生及备考实际,对虚拟语气进行较全面的归纳,并配以适当的例句和练习。 一、帮助学生理解语气的涵义、种类、辨别各种不同的语气。 语气是动词的又一种形式,通过说话人所说的话体现出说话人对某一个动作或状态所持的态度和看法。英语中有三种语气: 1.陈述语气——用来陈述事实,广泛用于陈述句和疑问句中。现行中学英语教材中,绝大部分句子均属陈述句语气,句中谓语动词有各种时态和语态变化。 2.祈使语气——用来提出请求、要求、发出命令等,只用于祈使句。 3.虚拟语气——用于表达一种假设情况、主观愿望、请求建议等,即所说内容与事实相反,或者实现的可能性极小,或者是假想虑拟的情况。 (练习)判断下列各句属于哪种语气。 ①Onthewayup,Iambusytakingpictures. ②Nike,fetchmesomenewspapers. ③WhatifIwereyou? ④Don’tforgettoturnoffthelight. ⑤Healwaystakesh iswifeseriously. ⑥IwishIwouldflytothemoon.

Answers:①陈述语气。②祈使语气③虚拟语气 ④祈使语气⑤陈述语气⑥虚拟语气 二、理解虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的三种典型构成与用法,并能熟练运用 条件句指主从复合句中的条件状语从句,分为真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句表示所叙述的内容是事实,或者完全可能成为现实,句子中的谓语动词用陈述语气;非真实条件句表示所叙述的内容与事实相反或实现的可能性极小,句子中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。(练习)判断下列各句属于哪种条件句。 ①Ifhedoesn’thurry,hemissthebus. ②IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisoffer. ③IfIhavetime,Iwillcome. ④Ifyouhadn’tcometohisschool,Iwouldn’thaveknownyou. Answers:①真实条件句②非真实条件句 ③真实条件句④非真实条件句 下面讨论虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的三种构成和用法。 1.句子叙述的内容是对现在情况的假设,实际上不存在,或者说与现在的事实相反,其构成是: if从句…过去式(be用were)…; 主句:…would+动词原形… should/could/might… 例句:①Ifhisgrandmawerestillalive,shemightbeoverninety.

2020年高考英语情态动词用法和虚拟语气

一、can和could 1、can的用法 (1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。 (2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。 (5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 (6)can的特殊句型 cannot…too / enough表示“无论怎么。。。也不过分”。“越……越好”。cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。 2、could的用法 (1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。 (2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。 (3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。 (4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。 3、can与could的区别

can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。couldn't的可能性比can't 小。 4、can与be able to的区别 (1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。 (2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have(has,had)been able to。 (3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。 (4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。 二、may 和might 1、may的用法 (1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。 (2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。 注意:表示可能性时,can't语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。 2、might的用法 (1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。 (2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。

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