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IELTS—Writing第三课时—地图、流程图

IELTS—Writing第三课时—地图、流程图
IELTS—Writing第三课时—地图、流程图

IELTS图表作文讲解:地图、流程图

学生面授老师

时间本次课时IELTS写作第三课时

教学思路1. 作文简介、写作技巧

2. 实例讲解

3. 分析总结

4. 课后作业

教学目标1. 地图、流程图理论分析分析

2. 掌握两类图表作文的基本特征和写作方法

3. 学习写作思路

讲解重点地图、流程图写作方法范文学习

常用句式总结

备考资料剑桥基础资料

教学详细内容:

一、分析雅思图表作文—地图、流程图理论

1. 地图题特点

地图题分两种,一种为地理变迁题,一种为选址题。地理变迁题描述的是一个地方(多为一个城镇)在一段时间的发展变化。

时态:地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化,文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势,文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化,可用现完成时。

细节变化:地图每个细节变化都要提到,不要忽视一个细节

语态:地图题用被动语态

2.流程图(flow chart)特点

其一,流程图的题目基本不会重复,因此复习已经考过的题目不会太大效果,

第二,流程图的词汇随着图表的对象而变化,很少出现重复的词汇。

流程图考察的次数不多,每年大概3-5次,集中出现在年初和年末的三个月。

一般来说,流程图和普通图表的区别主要在于:

流程图基本上不会出现数据,文字信息占主要地位

流程图以描述为主,比较的机会比图表题少

流程图中出现的信息都需要描述,而普通图表则不需要描述每一个数据

流程图的时态比较单一,主要是用一般现在时

流程图的分段比较灵活,只要不同阶段之间的差距很明显,就可以另起一段

3. 流程图备考注意事项:

1)注意掌握段落连接或者不同阶段之间的说法(sequence expression)

表示首阶段的一些说法

a)The process starts from

b)At the first/initial stage,

c)At the beginning of the cycle,

d)During the initial phase,

e)The beginning of the whole cycle is marked by

f)(名词 or 动名词)is the first step in (+ 名词 or 动名词)

表示次段的一些说法:

a)The second stage is

b)The next step in the process is

表示最后阶段的一些说法

a)(名词 or 动名词) is the last step in the procedure.

b)The final phase of the procedure is about

c)In the final phase,

d)Entering the final phase,

e)(名词 or 动名词) is the final stage.

2)要注意各个阶段的比较,充实文章内容,避免平铺直叙

3)注意流程图的读图顺序:

找出流程图的始末点,并划分中间的步骤或阶段;掌握表示“顺序”的连接词(Sequencing Words),用来说明过程的各个步骤和先后顺序。

4. 地图、流程图常用词汇、句型

第一部分:导游图

类别解释:该类作文的考核方式是在一个平面图中进行箭头引导,并要求考生对路线与沿途设施做出说明。

总介绍

A stretch out/ extend/ radiate from

B to C:A从B延展至C

A be circled by B:A被B环绕

A cover an area of B:A占地面积为B

A be divided into

B by

C =C divide A into B A被C分成了B(部分)

位置介绍

A be in the middle/ center of B:A在B中心

A be in the vicinity/ proximity/ vicinage of B:A在B邻近

A be within walking distance from B:A离B数步之遥

路径与沿途设施介绍

The route/ path/ lane marked with arrow leads A to B:由箭头引导的路线将A引导至B

Going around the first sharp corner, you will find A on your left/ right.

在第一个急转弯处,你会在左侧/ 右侧发现A。

Next to it is B where__________________________

接下来是B(它处于怎样的位置或有怎样功能)

C appears between

D and E, as you go further down the route.

你沿着路线走下去,(会发现)C出现在D和E之间。

Finally, you are going to return to the original point after.....

最后,在…之后,你会回到原点。

第二部分:变化图

类别解释:该类作文的考核方式是介绍统一建筑或位置在若干年中的布局、结构变化情况。

总介绍

As shown by the maps, A vary obviously over B

如图所示,A在B(时间跨度)间发生了明显变化

Separated into......sections, A have B built in it originally. 划分为…部分,A 中原建有B

A take up a total area of B, with C making up..., D...., and E.....

A的总占地面积为B,其中C、D、E分占…(面积)

变化介绍

The area of A remains unchangeable. A的面积没有发生明显变化。

A be removed from

B to

C after the reconstruction. 重建后,A被从B处移到了C。

The positions of A and B are exchanged. A和B的位置出现了对调。

An extra floor is added up to the Tower A. A上又加盖了一层。

第三部分:区位图

类别解释:该类作文要求考生交代某一地图中各个地点之间的位置关系(在某些情况下,要求考生在若干地点中选择某一个作为特定设施的选点)。

区位关系

A be to the north of

B by C(相隔)

A be at the north of B(相切)

A be in the north of B(包含)

A and

B share C(共有)

人口概念

The total population of the area is A 该地的总人口数量为A

A residents populate the area. A(数量的)居民住在该地区

交通概念

A radiate in all directions. A(常为交通网络)四通八达。

A be accessible from all directions. 从各个方向都能到达A。

二、实例分析

地图:

The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket S is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for supermarket.

分析思路:

1.本图显示了G市的超市选址情况;

2. S1情况分析:地理位置是在郊区,因此方便建停车场;离H市近,有很大的潜在顾客;紧邻公路主干道和铁路,交通便捷;

3. S2位置分析:地处G市中心地区,周围有大量当地居民;交通不便;离C和B市较近。范文分析:

The map ①shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.

首段对文章主题进行概述,并对内容进行改写

The first②potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just③off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying ④12 kms to the north-west. This site is ⑤in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it ⑥accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also ⑦close to the railway line

linking the two towns to Cransdon(25km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.

②:介绍第一个地点的具体情况

③④⑤:具体的地理位置信息,多样的位置表述

⑥⑦:深层的分析,S1址的潜在优势

①In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right②in the town center, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could ③be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a ④no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.

①:对比引出另一个点

②③:描述具体地理位置信息

④:优缺点的介绍,巧妙结合图例

Overall, ①neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town ②site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.

①:总结S1 S2的总体情况

②:给出一个更好的建议

流程图:

The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Brick manufacturing

*Clay: type of sticky earth that is used for making bricks, pots, etc.

分析思路:

1. 本图的顺序很好确定,根据箭头一路走下来即可

2. 明确图中的主要信息,最为重要的一步就是温度冷却的环节

3. 恰当设置先后的衔接词

4. 注意文章题目,为industry做bricks,所以在delivery这一步要注意

【满分范文】

The process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry can ①be outlined in seven consecutive steps.②First the raw material, clay, which was just below the surface of soil in certain clay-rich areas has to be dug up by a digger.

①概括本流程图的几个步骤

②first直接引出第一步in the first stage,与接下来的段落紧密结合

①Then the lumps of clay are placed on a metal grid in order to ②break up the big chunks of clay

into much smaller areas, which ③fall through the metal grid onto a roller, whose motion further ④segregates the bits of clay. Sand and water are ⑤added to make a homogenous mixture, which is ⑥then either formed in moulds ⑦or cut into brick-shaped pieces by means of a wire cutter.

①:用then衔接流程顺序

②③④⑤:一系列的动词不仅表达出流程的先后顺序,而且能巧妙地连接

⑥⑦:顺序连接

Those fresh bricks are①then kept in a drying oven for at least 24 and a maximum of 48 hours, several dozens if not hundreds of bricks at a time. The dried bricks are ②then transferred to a

so-called kiln, another type of high temperature oven. First they are kept at a moderate temperature of 200℃-1300℃. This process③is followed by cooling down the finished bricks for 48 to

72 hours in a cooling chamber.

①②:then连接

③:连接词的多样变化,is followed by, following,

①Once the bricks have cooled down and have become hard, they ②get packaged and ③delivered to their final destination, be it a building site or storage.

①: once···then, after,right after,soon after

②③:将最后两步直接联系起来

三、课后练习

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雅思小作文地图题

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拿现在的地图和95年的做对比 第四段 总结全文 第一段 This report compares how the village of Ryemouth has developed and changed since the year of 1995. 题目:The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present. 第二段 As is clearly described in the first picture, Ryemouth was a coastal city which was divided into three parts by two roads. In the southern part, there was a fishing port on the sea, with a fish market located in the north and a coffee shop in the north-east. A block of shops was situated on the opposite side of the market… 第三段 In the second picture, the village changed a lot. The fishing port has been removed and the fish market is replaced by apartments. Several restaurants also occupy the place of the shops on the roadside. Moreover, a parking lot is newly built on the east of the hotel. In addition, … 第四段 Overall, based on the brief description above, it is clear that the general layout of the village does not change a lot, while some newly-built facilities and housing has ornamented the small village.

雅思地图题的解题方法

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雅思写作地图题需注意的一些重点解析

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那么,下面我们来看一下到底如何破解地图题,即地图题的五步解题步骤。 第一步,读题读要求,看清答案数量限制。 首先是读题,先确认一下是填空题还是选择题。如果是填空题一般有字数限制,比如NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS或者NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS 那么可以把THREE或TWO圈起来,提醒自己最大字数限制。如果是选择题,直接选字母即可,不会出现答案数量限制。 第二步,找起点,标方位。 地图题的起始点非常重要,因为听力原文对地图的叙述是从起始点开始的。通常,地图题上都会有明显的起始点,以箭头或者是文字指示等形式告知考生。起始点一般是公园、博物馆的入口,或者楼层平面图的楼梯口等入口,涉及到的词汇有entrance,door,gate等。 但是注意,有时图上并不会提供起始点。此时,考生也请勿慌张,只要在听录音的最开始留心即可,录音初始会由说话人给出起始点。

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上)

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上) 朗阁海外考试研究中心姜芮 在雅思小作文中,流程图和地图题无疑对于广大考生来说都有不小的威胁,很多考生在遇到此类型的题目时,会变得手足无措,不知道应该从何写起。许多考生抱着侥幸的心里,往往不重视此类小众题目的备考,结果作文分数受到了很大的影响。在本系列文章中,朗阁海外考试研究中心写作组的专家将着重对雅思写作地图题做一个深度解析。 我们用两个经典的地图题真题为例,在近两年出现的数次地图题中,多数都是属于这类“三格地图”。 WRITING TASK 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows the development of the village of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. 在审题过程中我们需要特别注意以下几点: 1. 时态:关注时态是小作文能否取得高分的关键,同样对于地图题,我们也应该很好地注意时态,本文的时间是明确的,都是过去的时间,因此全文应当使用一般过去时。 2. 顺序:该图属于动态的地图题,这种类型的地图题一律按照时间顺序来写。在这道题中,也就是按照图的顺序依次来写,不要把元素拆开。如果是静态的地图题(即不涉及时间变化的题型),则按照空间顺序来写。在描述单幅地图时,我们可以采取上北下南的顺序描述,或者从左到右的顺序也可以,但值得注意的是,如果地图上有明显的方向标示,那就要根据这个标示来描述。 下面我们一起来分析文章的写作。 第一段:Introduction 引言段就是把题目进行改写。原文中的diagram,可以替换成figure,原文中的shows,可以改为illustrate, demonstrate, reveal, indicate等词。宾语development,可以替换成transformations,也可以改为宾语从句how the village of Kelsby developed/ changed. 题目中给出的时间比较模糊,可以具体化为in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 【例文】The three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 第二段:描述1780年的地图 1780年的情况只涉及到静态的数据,因此只需要用存在句即可表达,不涉及任何变化的单词。但是,考生非常容易把这些元素全部用there be这个句型来表达,从而导致句式单一。表示存在的句型除了there be之外,还有非常简单的have句型,还有lie/ be located/ be situated这样的结构。另外还有一种倒装句型,比如“桌子上面有一本书”,可以翻译为on the desk is a book. 除此之外,要注意几个元素的顺序问题。这里有四大元素:住宅区homes,树林woods,农场farms,还有一条河流river。理论上只要按照一定的空间顺序(比如顺时针、逆时针,从左到右)都是可以的,但是要考虑家庭数量的变化是导致其它所有变化的根本原因,因此建议先写住宅区homes。 还有就是土地单位的表达,land是不可数名词,因此不能说a land,只能说a piece of land。为了表达更加精确,可以用a plot of land(一小块),a stretch of(一长片),a large expanse of(一大片)。 另外朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们还要注意方位词的表达。地图题中常用的方位词有:in the east/ west/ south/ north of ...; in the eastern/ western/ southern northern part of ...; 如果是在角落,可以用in the southwestern corner of ...; 在河流的上/下游:at the lower/ upper reaches of the river; 在河岸:alongside the riverbank; 在河流的南端:at the southern end of the river.

雅思作文 地图题总结

2012年前三个月都没有出地图题,大多考生谈图色变,在地图题的重雅思哥觉得有必要在此为大家更加细致地介绍该类作用的分类与结结的地图题资料; 第一部分:导游图 类别解释:该类作文的考核方式是在一个平面图中进行箭头引导,施做出说明。 必备结构 (一)总介绍 A stretch out/ extend/ radiate from B to C:A从B延展置C A be circled by B:A被B环绕 A cover an area of B:A占地面积为B A be divided into B by C =C divide A into B A被C分成了B(部分)(二)位置介绍

A be in the middle/ center of B:A在B中心 A be in the vicinity/ proximity/ vicinage of B:A在B邻近 A be within walking distance from B:A离B数步之遥 (三)路径与沿途设施介绍 The route/ path/ lane marked with arrow leads A to B:由箭头引导Going around the first sharp corner, you will find A on your left/ ri 在第一个急转弯处,你会在左侧/ 右侧发现A。 Next to it is B where__________________________ 接下来是B(它处于怎样的位置或有怎样功能) C appear between D and E, as you go further down the route. 你沿着路线走下去,(会发现)C出现在D和E之间。 Finally, you are going to return to the original point after..... 最后,在…之后,你会回到原点。

雅思小作文地图题讲解

个地 图题 的开头 The map about the development of the village sufficiently illustrates the way of progress of this area. In this map, we can find four main sectors and two main roads intersected with one railway and one motor way. It seems the overall development of this village has strong connection with t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f r o a d s . 雅思小作文地图题词汇 Part 1 :表时间 流程图和地图题中都可能涉及时间表达。 流程题中, 使用较多的是过程时长的表述, 而地图 题的时间使用则体现为地理变迁的时间变化。 一般在方位选址图题中较少出现。 确切的时间 指引,既增加文章的自然和连贯度,也能体现行文的精确性。 常见表示时间的词: in few hours 几小时 duri ng the period of 在…期间 after 10 days 10 天后 from … to 从 …到 … between … and 在…之间 over the … year period 在一个 …年期间 5 years before 5 年前 over the subsequent …yea 近连续几年 例句: The process lasts for up to 7 day to customers. a decade earlier 几十年前 from that moment on 从那时起 after a while 一会 since 自从 since then 自从 finally 最后 s and the products are finally distributed

雅思小作文详解6:地图题

【9分作文盛宴】考官华丽雅思小作文详解6:地图题 Simon是英国曼彻斯特的前雅思考官,由于创办雅思考试学习网站而在全世界的考生中越来越有名气。其网站上提供大量关于复习雅思的技巧以及颠覆性的建议,甚至还有不少Simon本人亲笔写的满分作文。这些满分作文由于出自英国考官之手,非常地道,言简意赅,和中国考生惯用的千篇一律的模板作文相比,着实让人眼前一亮。点课台的Phoebe老师深感有义务要让孩子们接触到真正可以提分的好作文,所以以后会频繁地帮大家整理并总结这些满分作文的精华,相信大家都可以扔掉模板,写出高分作文! 今天要分析的题目是地图——Maps。 有的学生说,地图题型相对不常见,所以备考可以忽略。针对这种想法,Simon是这样说的:While it’s true that graphs and charts are the most common types of question, I think it would be very unwise not to prepare for diagrams and maps too. What happens if you get one of these questions in your test and you haven’t prepared for it? 虽然不常见,但是如果平时不做任何准备,万一考到后果不堪设想。其实地图题并没有大家想象地那么难,只要花时间仔细研究一下Simon的范文,大家都能写出一篇好作文。 请看今天的题目,就是下面这个地图: 写作文之前,要先Plan your structure,Simon建议地图题依然沿用4段式: 1. Introduction: what does the chart show? 2. Overview / summary: what are the most noticeable features? 3. Specific details: try to write 2 paragraphs. 接下来说地图题最难的地方——如何准确读出图中所给信息,我们就先来分析一下,从这个地图上我们可写的信息有哪些,首先地图上为数不多的单词或数字不可遗漏,上方那句是说这张图展现了一个叫做Chorleywood的村庄在1868年到1994年之间的发展情况。然后很清楚地能看出,在四个不同的时期,它的交通设施有明显的改善。居民都住在各种路的旁边。这些只是大概的Overview,足够写出前两段了,那还有哪些具体的细节,能够写进第三、四段中呢?大家自己再仔细看地图,从中找中可写的Details。 接下来贴出完整满分范文,大家读的时候看一下Simon按照什么order、挑出哪些细节来描述的:

雅思流程图写作指引

流程图 流程图6点参考要领: 1. 找到流程图的过程,起点,终点。 2. 找到图上标出的已知动作,如果出现生词,尽量猜测。无词,用自己的语言。 3. 按照步骤,分段描述,千万不能省略任何一步。 4. 切记!加入流畅合理的表示顺序的关联词。 5. 句型以主动为主,搭配被动,以及主语从句(例如:It can be seen from the graph that…)。 6. 时态要使用一般现在时。 例文分析1: The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.(所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词:process整个过程;stage阶段;step步骤)

Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.(开头不能一上来就直接介绍cacao tree,而是通过主题词chocolate 引出,否则显得太唐突)【流程图特点之一:介绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流程图特点之二:大量使用定语从句,将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三:大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans.【流程图特点之四:使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.(三个句子的并列:“句子A,句子B and 句子C”。)During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五:要适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的一些内容,否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度,千万不要加上自己的主观观点,否则会扣分】 Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry. They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry. After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius. After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed. This part is not needed for making chocolate. Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.【流程图特点之六:一般不需要写总结】 例文分析2:

雅思写作小作文范文 雅思写作地图题map 城镇改造.doc

雅思写作小作文范文雅思写作地图题map 城镇改造 今天我们雅思写作小作文范文的文章来研究下地图题map。该地图所展示的信息为一个名为lslip的小镇中心所计划进行的改变。图中还很贴心的给出了方向标示。我们可以看到相比于现在的样子,新的城镇中心将有环城公路,步行街,停车场等设施。而原有的各种设施的大小也有所改变。小编搜集了一篇相关的考官范文,以供大家参考。 雅思写作小作文题目 The maps below show the center of a small town called Islip as it is now and plans for its development. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 雅思写作小作文范文 The diagrams illustrate some proposed changes to the central area of the town of Islip. 该图表说明了一些都对Islip小镇中心区域所提出的一些改变。 It is clear that the principal change to the town will be the construction of a ring road around the center. Various other developments with regard to shops and housing will accompany the building of this road. 很明显,该城镇最大的改变是围绕城镇中心修建了一条环路。针对商店和住宅区域的其他各种改变会伴随着道路的修建工作进行。 Looking at the map of Islip as it is now, we can see that the main road runs through its center from east to west. The second map shows the planned pedestrianization of this road. Traffic will be diverted on to a dual carriageway that will form a ring around the town center. 首先来看一下Islip镇现在的地图,我们可以看到其主干道从东向西穿过城镇中心。第二张地图显示计划将这条路改建为人行道。车辆交通将被引流到围绕城镇中心修建的双车道环路上。 Currently, there is a row of shops along either side of the main road. However, this translation is from laokaoya website, it appears that the shops along the north side of the new pedestrian street will be demolished to make way for a bus station, shopping center, car park, and new housing area. The shops along the south side of the street will remain, but it seems that the town’s park will be reduced in size so that more new houses can be built within the ring road.

(完整版)常用的雅思小作文流程图和地图题词汇

雅思小作文流程图和地图题词汇 在雅思写作部分,A类小作文的流程图和地图题一直是雅思烤鸭们比较头痛的部分。此部分题型在构文方式并没有特别的技巧和特殊性。事实上,除了把握图形的分析方法和每种图形不同的解题方式外,考生最关注的应该是补充什么类的词汇做备考准备了。 大部分考生在市面上找不到专门的流程和地图备考书籍,而词汇书上也并不把流程地图的词汇专门划分复习,网络信息则把流程图和地图题的材料区分明确,使得考生找不到一个综合备考办法。 在本文中,成都/朗阁/培训中心的雅思专家们总结了综合完整的流程地图题词汇,提供给雅思烤鸭们完善的备考指引。以下的词条按照不同表达方式进行分类。 Part 1:表时间 流程图和地图题中都可能涉及时间表达。流程题中,使用较多的是过程时长的表述,而地图题的时间使用则体现为地理变迁的时间变化。一般在方位选址图题中较少出现。确切的时间指引,既增加文章的自然和连贯度,也能体现行文的精确性。 常见表示时间的词: in few hours几小时 during the period of …在…期间after 10 days 10天后 from…to 从…到… between …and 在…之间 over the…year period在一个…年期间5 years before 5年前a decade earlier几十年前from that moment on从那时起after a while一会 since自从 since then自从 finally最后 over the subsequent …years近连续几年 例句:The process lasts for up to 7 day s and the products are finally distributed to customers. Part 2:表空间

IELTS—Writing第三课时—地图、流程图

IELTS图表作文讲解:地图、流程图 学生面授老师 时间本次课时IELTS写作第三课时 教学思路1. 作文简介、写作技巧 2. 实例讲解 3. 分析总结 4. 课后作业 教学目标1. 地图、流程图理论分析分析 2. 掌握两类图表作文的基本特征和写作方法 3. 学习写作思路 讲解重点地图、流程图写作方法范文学习 常用句式总结 备考资料剑桥基础资料 教学详细内容: 一、分析雅思图表作文—地图、流程图理论 1. 地图题特点 地图题分两种,一种为地理变迁题,一种为选址题。地理变迁题描述的是一个地方(多为一个城镇)在一段时间的发展变化。 时态:地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化,文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势,文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化,可用现完成时。 细节变化:地图每个细节变化都要提到,不要忽视一个细节 语态:地图题用被动语态 2.流程图(flow chart)特点 其一,流程图的题目基本不会重复,因此复习已经考过的题目不会太大效果, 第二,流程图的词汇随着图表的对象而变化,很少出现重复的词汇。 流程图考察的次数不多,每年大概3-5次,集中出现在年初和年末的三个月。 一般来说,流程图和普通图表的区别主要在于:

流程图基本上不会出现数据,文字信息占主要地位 流程图以描述为主,比较的机会比图表题少 流程图中出现的信息都需要描述,而普通图表则不需要描述每一个数据 流程图的时态比较单一,主要是用一般现在时 流程图的分段比较灵活,只要不同阶段之间的差距很明显,就可以另起一段 3. 流程图备考注意事项: 1)注意掌握段落连接或者不同阶段之间的说法(sequence expression) 表示首阶段的一些说法 a)The process starts from b)At the first/initial stage, c)At the beginning of the cycle, d)During the initial phase, e)The beginning of the whole cycle is marked by f)(名词 or 动名词)is the first step in (+ 名词 or 动名词) 表示次段的一些说法: a)The second stage is b)The next step in the process is 表示最后阶段的一些说法 a)(名词 or 动名词) is the last step in the procedure. b)The final phase of the procedure is about c)In the final phase, d)Entering the final phase, e)(名词 or 动名词) is the final stage. 2)要注意各个阶段的比较,充实文章内容,避免平铺直叙 3)注意流程图的读图顺序: 找出流程图的始末点,并划分中间的步骤或阶段;掌握表示“顺序”的连接词(Sequencing Words),用来说明过程的各个步骤和先后顺序。

雅思写作地图题写作技巧.

地图题写作在很多书上都没有系统的指导,它有别于数据图,构思方面没有数据图那么复杂,但在语言驾驭,很多学生都感到很陌生。怎么写地图题,将在下文中一一来解构。 地图题分两种,一种为地理变迁题,一种为选址题。首先我们来看地理变迁题,它描述的是一个地方(多为一个城镇)在一段时间的发展变化。如2006年9月A 类TASK 1,剑1TEST 4。就这些图形,我们来总结地理变迁题的写作要点。 时态 如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化,文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势,文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化,可用现完成时。 如:现在停车场改成了一个剧院。 The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre. 城镇A的家庭数量从1937年到2020年将翻一番。 The number of homes in Town A is likely to double(is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected to/is expected to ) 又可为: It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double.(it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that…..) 细节变化 地图每个细节变化都要提到,不要忽视一个细节 语态 地图题用被动语态 如:2000年在城镇A 新建了一个医院:A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000. 地图题的书写顺序:时间顺序和空间顺序 如2006年9月A 类TASK 1 The map shows the development of the village of Kelsbey between 1780 and 2000. 这篇文章大体框架按时间顺序,BODY 分三段分别描述:1780年村庄,1860村庄,2000年村庄。对每一年的描述,如1780年村庄,我们要注意按方位顺序来描述,否则文章会出现混乱。这就需要考生在考前对方位词进行总结。地图题的方位我们说东西南北,不说成左右。 A在B 的东方/西方/南方/北方 A is/ lies/ is located/ is situated in/on / to the east/west/south/north of B (in 表A 在B 内部,ON 表A 和B接壤,TO 表A 和B 分开) A 在 B 内部的某个部位 A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part of B. A在B 西北部的120 千米处 A lies 120 km to the northwest of B. A 在B…..角落 A is at/in the south-eastern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部,in表A 在B 内部) 在河流或道路的南边/北边等 On the south/southern side of the river

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