2014职称英语理工类阅读理解小抄 共50篇

Ford abandons electric vehicles

1.What have the Ford motor company（They have given up .）

2. According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe（will not be ）

3.Which auto manufacturers are still producing（Toyota and Nissan.）

4.According to the eighth paragraph,（run more miles ）

5. Which of the following is true （The legislation will allow ）

World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict

1. Which of the following is closest （stimulated）

2.The term “a bell shaped curve”（start to decline ）

3.Which of the following is NOT true （It provides a very realistic ）

4.What is the major achievement （It predicts global oil ）

5. Who develop the new version （Kuwaiti scientists）

Citizen scientists

1. Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens（to collect data ）

2. What are citizen scientists asked（To send their research ）

3. In “All that's needed to become one ... (paragraph2)” （a citizen scientist）

4. What is NOT true （Only experts can participate in it.）

5.What is the final purpose （To investigate how plants and animals ）

Motoring technology

1. What are researchers interested（They focus their research on ）

2. According to the second paragraph, （because drivers make mistakes）

3. Which of the safety developments is NOT （Windscreens that can ）

4. What is NOT the purpose （To call for help when the car gets ）

5. What is true （It will take some time before ）

Late-night drinking

1.The author mentions "pick-me-up" （coffee is a stimulant）

2. Which of the following tells us（Caffeine halves the body's ）

3. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?（Different effects of caffeinated）

4. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? （Caffeine drinkers ）

5. The author of this passage probably agrees that（we should not drink ）

Making Light of Sleep

1 .The clock located inside our brains （it has a cycle of 24 hours.）

2. What is implied in the second paragraph?（Children before puberty tend ）

3. In the third paragraph （staying up late has a bad effect ）.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true （Our internal clock as well as ）

5. According to the last two paragraphs（The human eye had one light-sensing system.）

Sugar power for cell phones

1. According to the first paragraph（When the technology of a new type ）

2. What trouble did Minteer and Klotzbach（They had trouble keeping enzymes ）

3. According to Paragraph 5（when the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from ）

4. What is exciting about the new fuel cells?（Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.）

5. According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true （It will take some time before ）

Eiffel is an eyeful

1. Why does the author think （Tourists of all nationalities come ）

2. What seems strange to the author? （Visitors prefer wasting time ）

3. Which statement is NOT true（He climbed 747 steps up ）

4. What did the builder use （Conducting research in various fields.）

5. Which of the following is neatest in meaning （Visitors can imagine freely ）

Egypt felled by famine

1. Why does the author mention （Because even they were unable ）

2. Which of the following factors was（Change of climate.）

3. Which of the following statements is true?（The White Nile and the Blue Nile ）

4. According to Krom, （immediately after a period of drought.）

5. The word “devastating”（“damaging”.）

Young female chimps outlearn their brothers

1. Why do young female chimps（Because young female chimps begin to ）

2. What are the tools with （Vegetation.）

3. Which of the following is true （Females could get out ）

4. How did the researchers explain the fact（It will make them good ）

5. According to the last paragraph（Adult chimps hunt monkeys ）

When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach

1. What does the new study mentioned (Hungry people are more sensitive)

2. Why was there a delay on the day(Because Radel wanted to creat)

3. What does the writer want(Human brains can really)

4. What did the results (80 words flashed on)

5. What can we infer(Humans can perceive)

Florida hit by cold air mass

1. Which of the following statements （The temperature in the United States ）

2. According to the second paragraph（Parts of interior South Florida）

3. King’s statement that " ''shows that（he was caught ）

4. Governor Jeb issue the emergency order because（wanted to encourage trucks ）

5. Which statement is NOT true（Florida Citrus Mutual ）

Invisibility ring

1. Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage（try to inven ）

2. What is true （Their wavelengths are longer ）

3. What is NOT true（Microwaves bounce off ）

4. What does the word "coaster" mean（A disk or plate ）

5. Harry Potter's invisibility cloak （the cloaking device works only for microwaves）Japanese car keeps match for drunk drivers

1. Which of the following statements is NOT（It has sensors locked up ）

2. What has V olvo developed?（A breathalyzer ）

3. What is the function （It monitors the driver's ）

4. According to Doi,（Nissan aims to improve ）

5. Which of the following is NOT（The car will automatically）

Winged robot learns to fly

1. Which of the following is NOT true （The two professors of CUT programmed）

2. How did the robot behave（It twitched but ）

3. Which of the following is nearest（The winged robot could）

4. What measured how much（A movement detector）

5. What does “the process” （All the above）

Japanese drilling into core of earth

1. According to the passage, Mount Unzen （erupted in 1991）

2. According to the passage, the study of （predicting volcano eruptions）

3. Why is this research project（Because Japan has many living volcanos）

4. The drilling site on Mount Unzen is （about half way up）

5. The title of this passage （drill a hole）

A sunshade for the planet

1. According to the first two paragraphs（despite the difficulty）

2. Scientists resist talking about （think the problem）

3. What does Stephen Schneider say（Methadone is an effective way）

4. What is Stephen Schneider's idea （To apply sunscreen）

5. What is NOT true （It decreases greenhouse gases）

Thirst for oil

1.”…will need to cure our addiction to oil.” （Oil supply is decreasing）

2. Which of the following statements is NOT meant（Coal is the most environmentally）

3. Which country is the biggest（The United States）

4. What do 'experts say about（There will soon）

5. What is NOT（The sea level will go up.）

Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience

1. Which of the following is NOT( Shimi is the creator)

2. What does Shimi do(It selects a perfectly-matched)

3. Which of the following about Shimi is true(Shimi can be creative)

4. What does the author want (The research center)

5. Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion(human lives will be filled)

Explorer of the extreme deep

l. What is Alvin? ( A submersible)

2. Which of the following statements is NOT(It can carry explorers)

3. “... a world that is still full of mysteries”(the ocean)

4. In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar (Shape)

5. In what aspects are he new HOV and Alvin different.(Both A and B)

（二十一）Plant gas（植物，沼气的又一来源）

1.What was scientists' 'understanding of methane?

C It was produced in oxygen-free environments.

2.To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists created

B an environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.

3.Which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants in the experiment?

D The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.

4.Which of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage?

D Microbes in plants produce methane.

5.What is the beneficial point of some microbes lconsuming, plant-produced methane?

C Less methane reaches the atmosphere

（二十二）Snowflakes（雪花）

1.What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true?

A No two snowflakes' are exactly the same in shape.

2.What do the simplest snow crystals look like?

D They are six-sided.

3.What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate, of a snow crystal?

A Humidity and temperature.

4.It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the author

A admires the beauty' of the snowflakes.

5.Libbrecht is not' able to

C create snowflakes that are exactly alike.

（二十三）P owering a city? It’s a breeze（风力发电，轻而易举）

1.What are the symbols of the Netherlands according to the first paragraph?

B Wooden shoes and wooden windmills..

2.Which statement best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph?

B It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people.

3.The smallest models of an urban turbine

C can be' carried up to the rooftop without a crane.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2f6154086.html,herlands leads in the urban turbine technology because

D the' Netherlands is 'a small country with a large population.

5.According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology?

D Both A and C.

（二十四）Underground coal fires—a looming catastrophe（地下煤着火—即将来临的灾难）

l.According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that

C poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources.

2.According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear?

A Coal heats up on its own and catches ire and burns.

3.What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology?

D Coal fires can have an impact on the environment.

4.Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is NOT true?

B He has detected and monitored underground fires in the Netherlands.

5.According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires?

D Cutting off the oxygen supply.

（二十五）Eat to live（为生存而食）

1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

D We have to begin dieting since childhood.

2.Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?

B To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice

3.What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned' in the passage?

D They are more likely to suffer from inflammation

4.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers?

A The mice that started dieting in old age.

5.According to the, last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that

C dieting is not a good method to give us health and long life.

（二十六）Male and female pilots cause accidents differently（男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异）

1.What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about?

B Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes

2.Which of the statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph?

D Only mature pilots are studied to determine the gender differences in the reasons for aircraft crash.

3.How did the researchers carry out their study?

A They studied the findings of several previous research projects.

4.What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots?

B Loss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling.

5.In the comparison of female and male pilots

D male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making.

（二十七）Driven to distraction（）分散注意力驾驶

1.Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs?

C Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.

2.What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs?

D All of the above.

3.What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph?

C In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.

4.The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers

D want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.

5.What kind of directions do men and women prefer?

B Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route directions.

（二十八）Sleep lets brain file memories（睡眠促使记忆归档存储）

1.Which of the following statements-is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file”?

A Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?

2.What is the result' of the experiment with rats and mice carried 'out 'at Rutgers University?

C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation.

3.What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4?

D The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.

4.In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?

B The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one's memory.

5.According to the last paragraph; what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym?

D To control glucose levels.

（二十九）Food fright（对食物的惊恐）

1.Paragraphs 1,2 & 3 try to give the idea that

A GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans.

2.Why is the case of the pollen-sprayed :milkweed cited in Paragraph 6?

C It is cited to show GM foods also have a dark side

3.What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide?

B They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.

4.Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the pas-sage?

D The United States has not banned GM foods.

5.What is the writer's attitude to GM foods?

A We cannot tell from the passage.

（三十）Digital realm（数码王国）

1.The techniques of voice recognition

B are in its initial stage of development.

2.According to the second paragraph, when we reach the stage of artificial intelligence

A machines can be our agents as they understand our thoughts.

3.What's the best description of Gordon Moore's law as mentioned in the third paragraph?

A It motivates the development of the digital world.

4.What can people do in a future scene as described in the fourth paragraph?

D All of the above.

5.Which of the following statements is true of a personalized market?

C In a personalized market, products are tailored to each consumer.

（三十一）Hurricane Katrina（卡特里娜飓风）

1. What is the eye of a hurricane?

C A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter.

2.Which of the following is NOT the “requirements” mentioned in the second paragraph?

A The tropical waters are warm and calm.

3.Which of the following is the best explanation of the word “drive” in the third paragraph?

C To supply the motive force or power and cause to function.

4.What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface?

B Low pressure

5.What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph?

D The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression

（三十二）Mind-reading Machine（读心机）

1. What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?

C Neurons in the brain.

2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?

D fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.

3.“Highlighting the areas of the brain at work” means _____.

A “marking the parts of the brain that are processing information”

4.What did the researchers experiment on?

B Two volunteers.

5.Which of the following can be the best replacement of the title?

B Your Thoughts can be Scanned

（三十三）Experts call for local and regional control of sites for radioactive waste（专家呼吁局部和区域控制放射性废物地点）

1.Which of the following words can best substitute the word “withdrawal” in the first paragraph?

B Canceling.

2.According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilities

B should be approved by local people and states.

3.What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal?

D The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.

4.What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?

C Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.

5.What is meant by “regional approach” as mentioned in the last paragraph?

A Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.

（三十五）Putting plants to work（植物效能）

1. What does the writer say about plants concerning solar energy?

C Plants have been using solar energy for billions of years.

2.Why do some scientists study how plants convert sunlight carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches?

B Because they want green plants to become a new source of energy.

3.According to the fifth paragraph, under what conditions are algae able to use solar energy to make hydrogen?

B When there is no oxygen in the air.

4.Researchers have met with difficulties when trying to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently. Which one of the following is one such difficulty?

D It is too slow for algae to produce hydrogen when the sulfate is removed.

5.What is NOT true of algae?

C They are cheap to eat.

（三十六）Listening device provides landslide early warning（听觉仪器提供早期山崩预警）

1.What does “such natural disasters” in the first paragraph refer to?

D Landslides

2.Which of the following statements is true of landslides?

D All of above

3.Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides?

C Because the common methods can cause false alarms.

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true of the device, according to paragraph 4?

A It is filled in with gravel.

5.According to the context, what does the word “positives” in the fifth paragraph mean?

B Evidences.

（三十七）“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning（“不要在就餐时间以外饮酒”有了新含义）

1.Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people

A who drink alcohol outside of meals.

2.Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about “drinking with meals”?

C It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites.

3.Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day?

A 3 drinks.

4.Which cancer risk is the lowest among all the four kinds of cancer mentioned in the passage?

B Laryngeal cancer.

5.According to the last paragraph, tissue’s lower exposure to alcohol

D reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer.

（三十八）2012版教材改为"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan（2012年4月真题）

（三十九）Clone farm（克隆农场）

1.Which statement is the best description of the new era of factory farming according to the first paragraph?

C Cloned chickens are bulk-produced every hour.

2.Which institution has offered $4.7 million to fund the research?

A The US’s National Institute of Science and Technology.

3.In the third paragraph, by saying “Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reduced inputs to get there,” Mike Fitzgerald means that he wishes

D chickens’ could grow to the same weight but with less feed.

4.Which of the following statements about Origen and Embrex is correct according to the fifth paragraph?

C Origen has joined hands with Embrex in producing cell-injecting machines.

5.The technology of freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken can do all the following EXCEPT that

A farmers can order certain strains of chicken only.

（四十）Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety（教数学，教焦虑）（2012新增）

1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph?

D Female teachers' confidence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.

2. What is implied in the third paragraph?

B A difficult subject like math may affect teachers' confidence in teaching the subject.

3. According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about math when they felt

C uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt.

4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findings

A prove a strong link between female teachers' math anxiety and their female students' math

achievements.

5. David Geary thinks that

B the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample.

第四十一篇Too Little for Global Warming

1.What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?

D Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth’s doomsday will never materialize.

2.Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to

B cut CO2 emissions.

3. What are the estimates of the world’s oil and gas reserves? D 3,500 billion by a growing numher of scientists.

4. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true? D He thinks that IPCC’s estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.

5. Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic's assertion that“…such a switch would be disastrous …”?

B A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.

第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources

1.What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article?

D A and B.

2.China’s Three Gorges Dam

C is the largest of all the hydroelectric dams in the world.

3.Which is the country with the first commercial power station that makes use of ocean currents produced by tides?

B Norway.

4.Which of the following statements is true of wind power?

D All of the above.

5. According to the article, resources such as wind

B are renewable so sustainable.

第四十三篇Forecasting Methods

1.Whnt factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?

A Imagination of the forecaster.

2. Persistence method will work well

B if weather conditions do not change much.

3.The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in that

D the weather features need to be constant for a long period of time.

4.Which method may involve historical weather data?

C Both climatology method and analog method.

5.It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method

A when the current weather scenario differs from the analog.

第四十四篇Defending the Theory of Evolution1 Still Seems Needed

1.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements about the theory of evolution is true?

B School boards oppose AIBS’s effort to defend the theory of evolution. .

2.Which one of the following is NOT the reason for an overall lack of teaching Darwin’s theory?

D Darwin’s theory is denied as the central theory of biology.

3.AIBS is composed of

A more than 80 societies and 250,000 members.

4.According to Weis in the 5th paragraph, the theory of evolution

A is fundamental to the development of modern genetics, molecular biology and genomics. .

5.Why do people replace the term creationism with the term intelligent design nowadays？

D Because the term creationism is too direct.

第四十五篇2012版教材改为Small But Wise （2012年4月真题）

第四十六篇Ants have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"（蚂蚁作为生态工程师对环境影响巨大）（2012新增）

1 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers?

C Because their activity affects the environment.

2. As predators, ants ？

A prey on small as well as large animals.

3. Dir Sanders' study centered on how ants？

D produce such a big impact on the environment.

4. What does paragraph 6 tell us?

B Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small.

5. What still remains unclear about ants, according to the last paragraph?

C How do human activities affect ants' influence on a given ecosystem?

第四十七篇Listening to Birdsong（A级）

1. What does the first paragraph say about zebra finches?

C）Male zebra finches change their songs in female zebra finches' presence.

2. What did the researchers find in their study of female zebra finches?

A）Female finches liked songs male finches sang for them.

3. What is meant by "concert songs" in the seventh paragraph?

B）Songs sung by male finches for female finches.

4. What is NOT true of directed communication?

D）Male zebra finches sing to themselves.

5. Which of the following can best reflect the theme of the passage?.

B）Birdsongs as communication.

第四十八篇“Hidden”Species May Be Surprisingly Common

1.Which of the following about the significance of the research on cryptic species is NOT true?

D The results of the research can help our understanding of “survival of the fittest.”

2.What was scientists’understanding of cryptic species?

D Moth B and C.

3.Do scientists know how many cryptic species exist?

A Not yet.

4.Which of the following about the African hush elephant and the African elephant is true?

C They are two genetically distant species.

5.People were confused in their attempts to control malaria in Europe in the early 1900s, because scientists

A identified only one mosquito species instead of six species.

第四十九篇U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars

1. What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?

C）Water in a soil sample.

2. Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail?

C）The samples got stuck inside the scoop.

3. Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?

A）Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of

4. Where are the scientists involved in the research from?

C）They are from both America and Canada.

5. Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix’s Surface Stereo Imager Camera, according to your understanding of the passage?

A）It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images.

第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities

1.The two new studies, lead-authored by Professor Peter D. Loeb

D both A and C.

2.According to the second paragraph, when did cell phones actually help to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities?

B Before the number of cell phone users reached a critical mass

3.What is said about cell phone use in paragraph 4?

B The number of traffic deaths was reduced in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s due to cell phone use

4.What is said about cell phone use in the mid-1980s in paragraph 5? A It had a life-taking effect because there weren't enough cell phones in use then.

5. Which of the following statements DOES NOT answer the question(What caused the “life-saving effect”to occur

in the early 1990s？)?

B The number of cell phone users reached about 100 million.

职称英语阅读理解(终审稿)

职称英语阅读理解 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-MG129]

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 第二十七篇Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads1 to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion2, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University3 (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.4 The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any distractions are offset5 by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.6 “We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues7. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload8 involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy

2014年职称英语 阅读理解(41) +Too Little for Global Warming

第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios2 to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change3 say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up4 the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward5 the 1997 Kyoto Protocol6, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass7. Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves. Nebojsa akicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands8. He says they factored in9 a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative”Swedes. Even if oil and gas run out. “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited.” He says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest

国家技术职称评定条件和方法

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