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非谓语动词用法难点解析

非谓语动词用法难点解析
非谓语动词用法难点解析

非谓语动词用法难点解析

1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别

(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。

Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)

It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)

(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验)

To finish the job in two days is impossible.

(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.

(4)动名词作主语的句型

1)Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名词+doing sth.

It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

It is a great fun playing football.打篮球很有趣。

It is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。

3)It is + useless (nice, good,interesting, expensive等形容词)+ doing sth.

It is useless speaking.光说没用。

It is nice seeing you again.真高兴又遇到了你。

It is good Playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。

It is expensive running this car.开这种小车是浪费。

2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别

(1)不定式作表语

1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。

To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。

3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish 等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。

The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.

The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant.

(2)动名词作表语:动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。

Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。

His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。

(3)分词作表语

分词做表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语,这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说,表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是“激动”,“高

兴”,而是“使激动”、“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed 形式。换句话说,若人对……感兴趣,就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时,就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有:

interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的

exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的

delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的

disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的

encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的

pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的

puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的

satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的

surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的

worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的

Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲劳。

The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。

They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息,他们非常激动。

Look/expression/smile等名词前用-ed形式的分词。

3.不定式和动名词作宾语的区别

英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词有具体的要求:

1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语

attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视

afford负担得起demand要求long渴望

arrange安排destine注定mean意欲,打算

begin开始expect期望omit忽略,漏

appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设法

cease停止hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装

ask问dread害怕need需要

agree同意desire愿望love爱

swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望

bear承受endeavor努力offer提供

beg请求fail不能plan计划

bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢,宁愿

care关心,喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备

decide决定learn学习regret抱歉,遗憾

choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明

claim要求hope希望promise承诺,允许

start开始undertake承接want想要

consent同意,赞同intend想要refuse拒绝

decide决定learn学习vow起

contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议

seek找,寻觅try试图

2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式

ask要求,邀请get请,得到prompt促使

allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿

announce宣布force强迫press迫使

bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求

assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定,表示

advise劝告exhort告诫,勉励pray请求

authorize授权,委托help帮助recommend劝告,推荐

bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒

beg请求induce引诱report报告

compel强迫invite吸引,邀请,summon传唤

command命令intend想要,企图show 显示

drive驱赶mean意欲,打算train训练

cause引起instruct指示require要求

deserve应受leave使,让tell告诉

direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱

entitle有资格order命令warn告诫

enable使能够need需要urge激励,力说

encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要

condemn指责,谴责lead引起,使得teach教

entreat恳求permit允许wish希望

(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语

acknowledge承认,自认cease 停止mention说到,讲到

admit 承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢,讨厌

advocate:提倡,主张complete完成dread可怕

appreciate 感激,欣赏confess坦白endure忍受

avoid避免contemplate细想enjoy享有,喜爱

bear忍受defer拖延envy嫉妒

can't help不禁delay延迟escape逃跑,逃避

can't stand受不了deny否认excuse借口

consider 考虑detest嫌恶fancy幻想,爱好

favor 造成,偏爱mind 介意repent悔悟

figure描绘,计算miss错过resent怨恨

finish完成,结束不得pardon原谅,饶恕resist抵抗,阻止

forgive原谅permit 允许resume恢复

imagine设想postpone延迟,延期risk冒险

involve卷入,包含practise 实行,实践suggest建议

hate讨厌prevent阻止save营救,储蓄

keep保持quit放弃停止stand坚持,忍受

loathe非常讨厌,厌恶recall回想

例如:I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。

(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别

1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)

forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)

2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事

stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事

3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做)

remember doing记得做过某事(已做)

4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾

regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔

5)try to do努力、企图做某事

try doing试验、试一试某种办法

6) mean to do打算,有意要…

mean doing意味着

7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情)

go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)

8)propose to do 打算(要做某事)

proposing doing建议(做某事)

9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念

(注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。例如:

I should like to see him tomorrow.

10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。

I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)

I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。

Let's try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。

o hurt your feeling.我没想要伤害你的感情。

This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了这种病(你)就要进医院。

4.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别

(1)不定式作定语

1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系

He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。

The train to arrive was from London.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。

2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系

Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃。

She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。

3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语,要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系,这里的介词不能省去。

I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。

There is nothing to worry about.没有什么值得发愁的。

4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如:

ability能力,本领drive赶,驾驶movement运动,活动

ambition抱负,野心effort努力,尝试need需要,需求

campaign战役,运动failure失败,不及格opportunity机会

chance机会force力,压力,要点promise许诺,希望

courage勇气intention意向,意图reason理由,原因

decision决定method方法,方式light光,光线,亮光

determination决心,决定motive动机,目的struggle奋斗,努力,

tendency倾向,趋势wish希望,愿望,祝愿

5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next,second, last, only和not a,the等限定词时候,只能用不定式。

6)不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。

John will do anything but work on a farm.除了农活,约翰什么都愿意干。

7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语,或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语,则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如:tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do

His wish to buy a car came true.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。

Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us.

他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。

He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

他总是第一个到来,最后一个离去。

(2)分词作定语

分词作定语时有下面几个特点:

1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。

2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。

He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。

The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。

The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。

Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗?

He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。

3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语,但不具有被动意义,这点要注意:

departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come

(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系

一般来说,不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:

Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?

你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?

Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office?

你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?

Do you want to see the doctor praised by the patient last wek?

5.不定式和分词作状语的区别

(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。

现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。

1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。

He went out shutting the door behind him.

他出去后将门随手关上。

Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.

由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。

2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。

Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.

在遇到困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。

(2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别

1)分词作状语一般表示伴随,而不定式常常表示目的。

They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随)

They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的)

2)分词作状语放在句子开头,除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时,除了表示目的以外,还表示结果或原因。

Reading attentively,he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书,他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因)

Reading carefully,he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时,发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间)

Reading carefully,you'll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读,你会学到一些新的东西。(条件)

His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷,不能维持他的生活。(结果)

The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.这男孩个子不够高,手伸不到书架。(结果)

We are glad to hear the news.我们很高兴听到这消息。(原因)

(3)下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的:

a:not/never too…to, too…not to , but/only too…to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义

b:做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾,常见的不定式动词有:find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。

c:不定式做状语时,其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语,否则用for引导主语。

6.非谓语动词常考的其它结构

(1)疑问词+不定式结构

疑问词who,what,which,when,where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。如:

When to start has not been decided.何时动身尚未决定。(主语)

I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)

The difficulty was how to cross the river.困难在于如何过河。(表语)

I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。(双重宾语)

注)A.有时疑问词前可用介词,如:

I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道如何做此事。

B.动词know 后面不能直接跟不定式作宾语,只能跟疑问词(如:how, what)+不定式:

While still a young boy, Tom knew to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.

(2)介词except和but作“只有…,只能…”讲时跟不定式结构(but与不带to的不定式连用)。

When the streets are full of melting snow, you cannot help but getting your shoes wet.

(3)不带to的不定式

1)在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有:

feel 觉得observe 注意到,看到overhear听到

watch注视listen to听perceive察觉,感知

notice注意see看见look at看hear听

On seeing the young child fell into the lake,Eric sprang to his feet,and went on the rescue.

2)另一类是某些使役动词,如make, let,have等。如:

Let him do it.让他做吧。

I would have you know that I am ill.我想要你知道我病了。

(注):

①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时.其后的不定式一般需带to,如:

He was seen to come.

The boy was made to go to bed early.

②在动词find与help之后,不定式可带to亦可不带to,如:

He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season.他发现羊在此季节越出栅栏,感到惊讶。3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)结构中。例如:

Last night I did nothing but watch TV.昨天晚上,我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。

但是,如果谓语动词不是“do nothing,anything,everything”,那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.医生除了让他戒烟,其它什么都没有说。

There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外,他们没有别有别的办法。

(4)不定式与动名词的逻辑主语和分词独立结构

1)不定式的逻辑主语为:for +名词(或代词宾格)+ 不定式。例如

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.我发现他—个人干这活是不可能的。

(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词后面,常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如:

It was wise of him to do that.他那样做是明智的。

2)动名词的逻辑主语为;①人称代词的所有格+动名词;②名词's+动名词。例如:

Tom insisted on my going with them.他坚持要我和他们一起去。

He dislikes his wife's working late.他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

3)某些形容词,如:careless等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。这类词主要有:absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等

It is very kind of you to help me.你帮助我太好了。

间或也可用for + there to be表示(而且there后面的不定式只能是to be)。

It's a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遗憾了公司里有这么多的麻烦。

非谓语动词用法辨析

非谓语动词用法辨析 (一)非谓语动词在句中的成分 不定式几乎可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分,动名词起名词的作用。现在分词和过去分词起形容词和副词的作用。 (二)非谓语动词在同一成分中用法的辨析 1.做主语:-般来说,不定式和动名词成份相同时,表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示,而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。 Looking after children is her job. To clean the classroom is his job today. 2.做宾语: I like swimming, but I don't like to swim today because I don't feel well. (1).有些动词只能接不定式做宾语,这些动词接上不定式,含有明显的主观性和将来性意义。如:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long,(happen,seem),等等。 He refused to speak on the radio. He desired to see you.

(2)..有些动词只接动名词做宾语,这些动词接上动名词,含有明显的"依据往事或经验来作出理解和判断"的意思。mind,finish,enjoy,suggest,permit,appreciate,consider,miss,dislike,keep(on),avoid,permit,imagine,risk,escape,admit,stand(忍受),allow,forbid,excuse,等等。 短语动词:give up,put off,look forward to,feel like,insist on,object to,prevent…from,set about,can't help,be/get used to等 短语:be worth doing,be no good doing,be no use doing,be busy doing等The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river. She can't stand having nothing to do at home. His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking. All the family insisted on my staying with them a few days longer. It's no good learning without practicing. I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon. She doesn't feel like eating anything,being ill for a few days. (3).有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大。如;like,love,hate,delay,continue,attempt(企图),afford(提供),prefer.omit(省略),begin,start. The Einsteins, however, could not afford to pay for(or:paying for)the advanced education that young Albert needed. I prefer staying (to stay) at home on Sunday. 注意:begin和start本身为进行时,或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时,须接不定式。 When we came in, they were beginning to have supper. After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong. (4).有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词,但其意义有很大区别,须特别注意: A.remember,forget,regret接动名词,表示完成意义(=having done),接不定式,表示将来意义: Please remember to bring me the book I want next time. I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before. Don't forget to write to me soon. I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the first time. I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔干……事) I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice. I regret to say I can't take your advice. (遗憾=be sorry) B.mean:mean to do=want to do打算,想要……;mean doing:意味着,就是 I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings, I meant to call on you, but I was so busy. Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.

最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

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非谓语动词用法归纳语法

非谓语动词用法归纳 一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自 认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢,讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6)概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

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非谓语动词用法讲解

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学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment. 保护环境对我们来说很重要。 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:would like,like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。 如:Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在句末。 如:I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...,why don’t you do...,had better(not) do...,would rather do,could/would/will you please(not) do... 如:I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如:tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意: 还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice),但变被动语态时,必须加上to。 如:My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库

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高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

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二.不定式的用法 不定式不可作谓语,但它可以有自己的宾语、状语,构成不定式短语,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表用途)、状语或补足语。高考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词+不定式等。 作主语 不定式作主语表示具体的动作,通常指一件已知的事或目的。 不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事,做是另外一回事。)

(2)不定式短语较长时,通常放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。 eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。) ②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。) ③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.(被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。) 2.作宾语 (1)常只用不定式作宾语的动词有:want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend ,decide,ask,promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,l earn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend 等。 eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.) ②She has agreed to come

非谓语动词用法详解

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非谓语动词的用法详解

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(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

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一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢,讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

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1.结构 不定式的主动态是to do,其否定式是not to do,被动态是 to be done,进行态是to be doing,完成态是to have done. 例:1996年6月四级第24题 Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left 结合选项来看,全句的意思:"78岁的丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家".收藏品是"被留给国家",因此需要一个被动式做宾语,所以答案是D) is to be left. 2.不定式做主语 例:1995年1月四级第55题

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