托福阅读：总结阅读做题步骤

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解题步骤：

托福阅读第1步：区分TOPIC/MI(黑体句)

TOPIC：概念/研究对象。(可从文章的题目看出)

MI：作者对TOPIC的看法/结论/发现/关系/描述/意图。(仅对TOPIC做解释的选项通常是错的)

托福阅读第2步：回原文定位MI.

MI：前三段的段首或者段末出现。

具有以下特点：a,转折句。(HOWEVER,BUT等) b，设问句。(自问自答) c，首段末句—》结论，科学发现。d，因果句。e,明显分类描述/明显数量概述/复数名词。

托福阅读第3步：各段的首句/各段的开始部分—sub idea。

筛选答案的技巧

1).MI/SI的统一改写。(概括性语言)

2).对MI的支持。支持：重现MI的完整关系，概念对应展开!

3)分清主谓宾!重点!!!

把给出的黑体字句子的主谓宾列出来~简单的列为xx(主语)+xx(谓语)+xx(宾语)。

则可以把所有的MI句子写成一个数学的函数表示公式：

MI: F(x)=A(x[主语])+B(x[谓语])+C(x[宾语])

则那么所有的SI为MI公式的一个根：

SI:F(1)=A(1[主语的分支])+B(1[谓语动词不变或者为同义词])+C(1[宾语不变])。

则那么下面给出的6个选项只要按照SI的公式对应比较就能知道是否为正确答案，无需知道文章说了什么，只要分析选项的主谓宾是否是对MI的一个分支的扩展，并且造成的结果一样就能选出正确的答案了。

例子：

OG第一篇阅读：THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS的13-14题。

这道题的MI黑体字句子是：this passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceans-whales,porpises,and dolphins.

分析主谓宾可以知道：fossil(主语)+help to explain(谓语)+origins of cetaceans(宾)

然后看答案。

1.recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show the link between land mamals and cetaceans.

很容易的划出主干：fossils(主语的分支) +helped to show(谓语动词理解一样) +the link(宾语一致)

所以1正确。

2.the discovery of Axxxx provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.

划出主干：Axxx(化石，又是MI主语的分支)+ provided evidence (谓语动词理解一样)+宾语

所以2也正确。

5.fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found。

主干：fossils(MI主语的分支)+were found(因为找到所以提供的证据，帮助理解，和MI谓语动词理解一样)

所以5也正确。

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