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初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习
初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词

一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别

普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。

二、关于可数名词

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:

1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。

如:book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days

2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es 。如:

bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxes

3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如:

city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。

4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如:

half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives

5. 特例[悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。]

① child → children ② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen(规律:man → men)

③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes

[初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然加-s喽!如:photo → photos ]

④ foot → feet tooth→ teeth[悄悄话:oo变成ee。]

⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话:变复数时词形不变。]

⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数;people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。

三、关于不可数名词

1. 不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。

如:water (水)→ waters (水域)orange (橘汁)→ oranges (橘子)

3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。

如:fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs

四、名词可数不可数“六注意”

1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples 等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some bread,

a little milk等。

2、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the。如:

He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。

No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。

3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示"一些,许多"。如:

There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。

There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。

4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

5、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:

This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。

不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

如:There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。

6、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如:

How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?

How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?

注意:对不可数名词前的"单位词"的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how many。如:

How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?

英语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词。这两种名词在用法上是有区别的,现归纳如下:

一、可数名词有单数、复数之分,如:map→maps;onion→onions;bak er→bakers

不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some water;a lot of bread

二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a (an);而不可数名词不能用a(an)。如: Li Hong is a driver. I am a teacher.李红是一名司机,我是一名教师。

We can't see milk on the table.我们看不见桌上有牛奶。

[友情提醒]在表示特指时,不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词the。如:

Pass me the ball,please.请把球传给我。

The chicken on the plate is yours.盘子里的鸡肉是你的。

三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用many等词修饰。如:many apples,a lot of tomatoes,a few pens

不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。如:much meat,a little bread,little water

[Tips]这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of (lost of)等修饰。如:some eggs/paper(纸)。

A lot of (lots of)knives/orange juice

四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。如:three women,ten babies

不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+ 不可数名词”。如:

two glasses of milk——两杯牛奶 five pieces of bread——五片面包

五、可数名词做主语时,谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致。不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。如:There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有些米饭。

All the students are in the classroom.所有的学生都在教室里。

[Tips]如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词须用复数形式。如:There are two bags of rice in the room.房间里有两袋子大米。

六、对可数名词的数量提问用how many;对不可数名词的数量提问要用how much,但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用how many。如:

I can see two pictures on the wall.→How many pictures can you see on the wall?

There is a lot of pork in the basket.→How much pork is there in the bas ket?

I want three glasses of water.→How many glasses of water do you want?

七、另外,有些集合名词也是可数名词,但不同的是,它们以单数形式出现,表示复数概念,如people,police,family等;而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现,如clothes,glasses(眼镜)等;有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如Japanese,sheep,Chinese等。如:

The Chinese people are hardworking and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢。

The sports clothes are new.这些运动服是新的。

I have one sheep. He has two sheep.我有一只羊,他有三只羊。

可数与不可数名词的练习

I.找出下列笑话中的可数名词,并写出其复数形式:

In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, that…s true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”

II.找出不可数名词,在横线上打勾,并将可数名词变成复数形式:

homework ______ half ______ advice______ money ______

knowledge ______ boot _____ blood ______ music ______

chicken ________ heat _____ mouth ______ bread _______

information ______ milk _____ cow _______ tear ________

III.选择填空:

1.The deer has four ______ A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots

2.Her two brothers are both ______. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3.There are four _____ and two ______ in the group.

A. Japanese, Germen

B. Japaneses, Germen

C. Japanese, Germans

4.Two ______ would come to the village.

A. woman-doctors

B. women doctor

C. women doctors

D. woman doctors

5.Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse

6.The _____ has two ______. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7.The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 8.The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9.There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss

10. The cat caught two ______ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices

三.用所给名词的适当形式填空。

1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?

2. There is some________(food) in the basket.

3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.

4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.

5. There are five________(people ) in his family.

6. Let's take________(photo), OK?

7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.

8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.

9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.

10. Their________(dictionary) look new.

11. I see you have a few white________(hair).

12. They are________(woman) doctors.

13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?

14. There are many________(fox) in the picture

15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.

There be句型

一、专题讲解

1、定义:There be 结构“某地有某人(某物)”。其基本句型为“There be + 某物或某人(主语) + 某地”。

2、be动词的选择:There be 结构中的谓语动词be(is / are)在人称和数上应与其后的主

语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is ;主语是复数时用are。

3、具体结构:(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

E.g. There is a desk in the classroom. 在教室里有一张桌子。

(2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语. E.g. There are 5 apples in the box. 盒子里有五个苹果。

口诀:“有”字放前面,有“啥”放中间;时间地点放后面;单数is, 复数are;注意be的两变化。4、句型变化:

(1)、否定句:there be的否定式通常在be后加not。

E.g. There is a bike under the tree. 树下有一辆自行车There isn't a bike under the tree.

E.g. There are 2 little girls in the room.在房间里有两个小女孩。There aren't 2 little girls in the room.

(2)、一般疑问句及其答语:

1、一般疑问句:把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。

2、回答时,“用什么问,就用什么答”,用Is / Are there来提问,就用there is / are来回答。

肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.

E.g. 1、There are two cats in the tree.树上有两只猫。

Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are. No, there aren't.

. 2、There is a computer on the desk . 在桌子上有一台电脑。

Is there a computer on the desk?Yes, there is. No, there isn't.

课堂练习:1. There is a new bed and an old desk in the room .

否定句:

一般疑问句:

否定回答:

5、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法:

some 一些(some用于肯定句)any 一些(any用于否定句和一般疑问句)

注意:There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时,要注意把句中的some变成any。

E.g.1、There is some water in the bottle .在瓶子里有一些水。

There isn't any water in the bottle.(否定句)Is there any water in the bottle?(一般疑问句)

2、There are some children in the picture. 图片里有一些小孩。

There aren't any children in the picture. (否定句)Are there any children in the picture?(一般疑问句)课堂练习:1. -- Are there _____ shops near here? -- No, there are _____ shops near here.

A. some, not

B. some, any

C. any, not

D. any, no

2.There are some tables on the floor.(变为否定句)

6、就近原则:

若句子中有几个并列的主语时be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。

E.g. 1.There is a pen, two pencils and some books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书。

2.There are two pencils, a pen and some books on the desk. 书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。

3.There some books,two pencils and a pen on the desk. 书桌上有一些书、两支铅笔和一支钢笔。

课堂练习:There milk and eggs on the table .在桌子上有牛奶和鸡蛋。

There eggs and milk on the table.

7、“there be” 和“have”的区别

There be表示“存在有” ;have(has)表示“所属有”。他们都翻译为“有”,但具体用法不

相同,且两种结构不能同时合用。

E.g.1、I have a book .我有一本书。(注:书归我所有,我是书的主人。→ 所属有)

2、There is a book on the desk .在桌子上有一本书。(书只是存在于桌子上,但书不属于桌子所有。)8、常见的的介词和介词短语:

介词:at 在..... in 在......里面on 在......上面

under 在......下面behind 在......后面near 在......附近

介词短语举例:

at home 在家in the box 在盒子on the floor 在地板上under the tree 在树下behind the door 在门后面near the zoo 在动物园附近in front of 在……前面

(2)变式练习

一、用恰当的be动词填空。

1. There _____a map on the wall.

2. There _____many things on her desk.

3. There _____a big dog and a small cat near the table.

4. There _____two bikes under the tree.

5. There _____a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box.

6. There _____some books, a pencil-box and a pen on her desk.

7.There some milk in the glass. 8.There some people under the big tree.

9.There lots of flowers in our garden.

二、单选题

1. ______ there a radio on your desk? A. Are B. Is C. Am

2. ____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______.

A. Are / is

B. Is / are

C. Is / is

D. Are /are

3.There ___ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. A. has B. are C.am D.is

4.There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. A.is B. are C.am D.have

5. Are there _____ pictures on the wall? No, there aren't ____ .

A. any / any

B. some / any

C. some / some

D. any/some

6.There_______ some water in the cup .A. is B.am C. are D. be

二、巩固练习

一、用have或has填空。

1.I _______ a nice picture. 2.He _______ a good friend.

3.They ______ some kites. 4.We _______ some flowers.

5.Her mother _______ a vase(花瓶). 6.Nancy ______ many skirts.

7.My friends _______ a football. 8.What do you ______ ?

9.What do your friends ______ ? 10.His brother ______ a basketball.

1.把下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。

1.I have a ping-pong ball.

否疑

2.There is a book and a pen in the bag.

否疑

3.His aunt has a new TV.

否疑

4.There are some boys in our class.

否疑

五、拓展训练

一、单选题

1.There_______ some water in the cup .A. is B. am C. are D. be

2. ______there a book on the desk now ? A. Is B. Are C. Were D. Was

3. How many people ______in your family ?A. do you have B. are there C. you had D. there are

4.There ______any trees in front of the classroom.

A. isn't

B. aren't

C. hasn't

D. haven't

5. There ______sheep in the field .

A. is

B. are much

C. are many

D. are a

6. There are ______in the field .They are eating grass.

A. a horse

B. much horses

C. many horse

D. many horses

7. There ______a new bed and an old desk in the room .

A. is

B. are

C. have

D.has

8.______any trees in the picture ?

A. Is there

B. Are there

C. Was there

D. Were there

9.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.

A. is a

B. are some

C. has a

D. have some

10. How many ____ are there in your classroom?

A. desks

B. desk

C. chair

D. door

二、用“have, has” ,“there is ,there are” 或者“is there ,are there”填空。

1. I ______ a good father and a good mother.

2. ___________ a book on the desk.

3. He ________ a tape-recorder.

4. They _________ a nice garden.

5. What do you ________ ?

6. _____________ a reading-room in the building?

7. What does Mike ________ ?

8. _____________ any books in the bag?

9. My father _______ a story-book.

10. ______________ any flowers in the garden?

11. How many students ____________ in the classroom?

12. My parents _________ some nice pictures.

13. ____________ some maps on the wall.

14. David?s friends _________ some dogs.

15. _____________ many children on the hill.

家庭作业

一、填上恰当的be动词

1.There ____ two women in the kitchen.

2.There ____ an orange in the basket.

3.There ____ three pens on the table.

4. ____ there any birds in the tree?

5.There ____ some girls playing in the park.

6.There ____ many animals in the zoo.

7.There ____ twenty apples on the tree. 8.There ____ four seasons in a year.

二、按要求完成句子

1. There is a computer in my house. (一般疑问句) _____ ______ a computer in ______ house?

2. There are some flowers on the teachers? desk. (一般疑问句)

______ ______ ______ flowers on the teachers? desk ?

3. There aren?t any apples on the tree.(变回肯定句)There ______ ______ apples on the tree.

4. There is a pear in the box.(变否定句)

There ______ a pear in the box.

5. There are fifty students in my class.(对划线部分提问)

______ ______ students are there in your class?

小学语文一二年级名词和量词填空

名词:指人或东西、事物的词,在数量词后面总是名词。 填写量词: 一()风车一()柳树一()水井一()大象一()雪花一()汽车一()地图一()文件一()城市一()红旗一()马路一()巨石一()电脑一()眼睛一()广场一()劳动委员一()牛两()马三()鲤鱼一()树叶一()神笔一()事情一()图书一()手一()小羊一()白云一()气球一()粉笔一()树叶一()椅子一()小脸一()课一()园子一()歌曲一()太阳一()游戏一()大鱼一()大树一()掌声一()衣服一()骆驼一()委员一()书一()纸四()鸭五()书六()笔一()围巾七()果树八()花九()飞机一()小河十()车一()山一()汽水一()床一()钢琴一()鸡一()毛驴一()话一()脚印一()汗一()歌一()礼物一()草莓一()商店一()心两()花一()高山一()国旗一()气五()柱子一()山峰一()石头一()镜子一()波纹一()仙人一()雄鹰一()秋风四()扇子一()月亮一()葡萄一()老师三()绳子一()椅子一()桌子一()被子一()井一()电脑一()二胡

填入合适的名词 一支()一只()一枝()一盘( ) 一块()一把()一本()一架()一个()一片()一头()一双()一座()一盒()一窝()一袋()一棵()一匹()一条()一阵()一串()一位()一道()一次()一台()一则()一枝() 一片片()一把把()一条条()一盆盆()一个个()一块块()一只只()一枝枝()一棵棵()一串串()一群群()一面面()一座座()一张张()一句句()一本本()一盏盏()一双双()一台台()一层层()一排排()一件件()一首首()一包包(

可数名词与不可数名词讲解

创作编号:BG7531400019813488897SX 创作者:别如克* 可数不可数名词讲解 英语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词。这两种名词在用法上是有区别的,现归纳如下: 一、可数名词有单数、复数之分,如:map→maps;onion→onions;baker→bakers 不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some water;a lot of bread 二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an);而不可数名词不能用 a(an)。如: Li Hong is a driver.I am a teacher. 李红是一名司机,我是一名教师。 We can’t see milk on the table. 我们看不见桌上有牛奶。 [友情提醒]在表示特指时,不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词the,如: Pass me the ball,please. 请把球传给我。 The chicken on the plate is yours. 盘子里的鸡肉是你的。 三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用many等词修饰。如:many apples;a lot of tomatoes;a few pens 不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。如: much meat a little breadlittle water [友情提醒]这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of(lost of)等修饰。如:some eggs/paper(纸)。 A lot of (lots of) knives/orange juice 四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。如:three women ten babies 不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+不可数名词”。如: two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶 five pieces of bread 五片面包 五、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式。如: There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有些米饭。 All the students are in the classroom.所有的学生都在教室里。

名词(可数名词和不可数名词)

专题一名词主要考查三个方面: 1、联系上下文,考查同义词、近义词辨析; 2、可数名词的单复数、不可数名词、抽象名词、名词词 组的意义和用法; 3、名词的固定搭配和习惯用语。 ◆名词的数 规则名词的复数形式

a block of一块; a bottle of一瓶 a group of一群; a pile of一堆 a pair of一组/双/对; a piece of一片/张/块既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的词

The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it, you should be careful. A. glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles 【2016广西来宾】 —There are many ____ about this farm. —Yes, lots of ____ are planted on it. A. photo; potato B. photos; potatos C. photos; potatoes D. photoes; potatoes 1. Help yourself to some_______. There are lots of vitamins in them. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. potatos 2.if you take a plane, you cannot take ______ onto the plane with you. A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. a knives 3. The _______ have caught the two_______ already. A. policeman; thief B. policemen; thiefs C. policemen; thieves D. policeman; thieves 【2016重庆】It’s sports time. Most students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground. A. boy B. boys C. boy’s D. boys’ 【2015攀枝花】All the are from . A. men doctors; Germany B. men doctors; German C. man doctors; Germany D. man doctor; German 【2015广安】 —How many can you see in the picture? —Two.

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修饰名词的数量词分类。 修饰可数的量词:a number of, the number of, many, too many few , a few 修饰不可数的量词: a large amount of , huge amounts of, a great deal of, much, too much little, a little 两个皆可修饰的量词:some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of , enough 固定搭配: only a few (=few)not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many) Many books were sold. =Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。 【巩固练习】 用few/a few/little/a little 填空。 There was_a little _food in the fridge。It was nearly empty. ----When did Sarah go out ----__A few___ minutes ago. I can’t decide need _a little_ time to think about it. There was __little___traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected. The bus service isn’t very good at night----there are ___few__buses after 9 o’clock. ----Would you like some juice ----Yes, __a little___please. ’d like to practice my English more but I have _a little_ time. 用too much/too many/enough 填空。 It’s very crowded here . There are _too many__people. I don’t like the weather ’s __too much____ rain. can’t wait for haven’t got _enough_time. was nowhere to sit on the bus. There were _too many_ people. don’t eat _enough__ vegetables. You should eat more.

(完整版)可数名词和不可数名词讲解及练习.doc

可数名词和不可数名词讲解 (一)定义: 1 可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数 形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时,句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情 或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词 a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解:可数名词有单复数之分。㈠单数可数名词 1.单数可数名词一般不会单独出现,前面通常要有限定词。 例如: She is friend(friend前面加上my.) I have I like pen.(pen 前面加上boy.(boy 前面加上 a) this) 限定词通常有三类。⑴冠词。经常用不定冠词a、an。⑵形容词性物主代词。⑶指示代词 this、 that 。 this、 that 可用 the 代替。 2.单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数,谓语动词使用三单(单数)形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball. ㈡可数名词的复数形式。1.单数变复数规则变化 a. 一般情况下,直接加 -s.如: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b. 以 s、 x、 ch、 sh 和部分 0 结尾的加 es c. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y 为 i, 再加 -es,如: family-families, strawberry-strawberries d. 以“ f 或fe”结尾,变 f 或fe 为 v, 再加 -es,如:knife-knives e. 以 o 结尾,通常加 s.初中范围只有这四个词tomato-tomatoes巧记黑人Negro hero potato potato 这四个词加 英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯这四个词 es 加 如 tomato -potatoes. es 不规则变化: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese. 3.什么时候使用可数名词的复数形式? a.数词大于1,可数名词用复数。 b.可数名词前有 Some/any、 these/those 、a lot of/lots of 、 many、 How many 、 a few 修饰时,可数名词用复数。Some/any+可复 a lot of/lots of+ 可复Many+ 可复How many+ 可复A few+ 可复 c.复数名词表示泛指是可数名词使用复数形式。 I like apples Grapes are my favourite fruit. 4.对可数名词数量提问使用how many ㈢不可数名词 1. 不可数没有复数。不可数名词不能直接和a/an、数词连用。若要表示它的个体意义时,一般要与一个名词短语连用,即a/an /数词 +量词单数 /复数 +of+ 不可数名词。 A cup of tea two cups of tea 注意数词大于一,量词用复数。a/an /数词 +量词单数/ 复数 +of+ 不可数名词做主语时,它的数由量词的数决定。如The cup of tea is (be) hot. Two cups of tea are (be) on the table. 2. 单个的不可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数,谓语 动词使用三单形式。The meat smells (smell) delicious.The water is on the table. 3. 常用来修饰不可数名词的词Some/any、 a lot of/lots of 、 much 、how much 、 a little 等 4. 对不可数名词的数量提问用How much How much water do you want ?

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习

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可数名词不可数名词

可数名词与不可数名词 名词分可数名词与不可数名词。 1.有些名词总是用作可数名词的,如: leg,dog,pen.有些名词总是用作不可数名词,如: pork,gold,honesty.有些则有时用作可数名词,有时用作不可数名词,如:It is made of glass.(不可数) He held a glass.(可数) 与5类名词的关系 区分5类名词对决定一个名词是可数还是不可数有极其重要的意义。C代表可数(Countable),用U代表不可数(Uncountable)。1.大多数普通名词为可数名词,如: a chair,another car,dogs. 2.多数集体名词也是可数名词,如:(a)family,(each)class,(all) parties,(different) nations。 3.专有名词,多数作不可数名词,如:London,China,Ham-bet,Neptune;但有些为可数名词,如 Communists,English-men。4.物质名词一般不可数,如:milk,gold,coffee,beer.但有些可用作可数名词,表示特殊意义,如:an ice-cream(一份冰淇淋),a light rain(一阵小雨)。 5.多数的抽象名词既可作不可数名词,也可作可数名词(这时意思有些变化),如: 不可数可数beauty 美 a beauty 美人 disappointment 失望 a disappointment 失望的事 C.普通名词和物质名词 不过一个名词的可数与不可数问题最终还是靠习惯决定,习惯用法是自然形成的,不能靠简单的条文来推断。虽说表示可数的东西为可数名词,否则为不可数名词,但总有些特殊情况。在表示定形之物时,物质名词也可用作可数名词,在强调某种特性时,普通名词也可变成不可数名词。 1.气体名称通常作不可数名词,如:oxygen(氧气),hydrogen(氢气)。但odour(气味),flavor(味道),cloud(云)是可数名词;而fire则既可作不可数名词,也可作可数名词。 2.液体名称一般为不可数名词,如:milk,water;但beverage(饮料),cocktail(鸡尾酒)为可数名词,而juice(汁)、sauce (调味液)、liquor(酒)既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。 3.药品名称通常不可数,如: codeine;但antibiotic(抗生素),insecticide(杀虫剂),vitamin(维生素)都是可数的。4.植物中有些的名称既作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,如: 可数不可数 a pine 松树 pine 松木 a pepper 青椒 pepper 胡椒粉 5.表示天气的名词多作不可数名词,如:lightning(闪电),thunder(雷),snow,但有些为可数名词,如: comet(慧星),sunbean(阳光),ray(光线)。有些可用作两类,如: mist(浓雾),dew(露水),rain。 6.表示动物的名词一般为可数名词,如: monkey,elephant,shrimp(虾),但有些可用于两类情况,如: 可数不可数 a chicken鸡 chicken鸡肉 a duck 鸭 duck鸭肉 a fish鱼 fish 鱼(肉) 7.物质名词一般不可数,如: iron,plaster(石膏),mercury(水银)。有些两者都可以,如:chalk(粉笔),brick(砖),coal(煤)。 D.集体名词 26 有个别集体名词可用作不可数名词,如: police(警察总称),cattle(牲口),produce(农产品),vegetation(植物),clothing(衣服),furniture(家具),pottery(陶器)。 E.抽象名词 27 1.在一万个抽象名词中约有 72%(约7 200字)常常或有时既作不可数名词,又作可数名词,如: belief,beliefs; birth,births; hope,hopes;fear,fears。

修饰名词的数量词

创作编号: GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者:凤呜大王* 修饰名词的数量词分类。 修饰可数的量词: a number of, the number of, many, too many few , a few 修饰不可数的量词: a large amount of , huge amounts of, a great deal of, much, too much little, a little 两个皆可修饰的量词:some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of , enough 固定搭配: only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many) Many books were sold. =Many a book was sold. 卖出了许多书。 【巩固练习】 用few/a few/little/a little 填空。 1.There was_a little _food in the fridge。It was nearly empty. 2.----When did Sarah go out? ----__A few___ minutes ago. 3.I can’t decide now.I need _a little_ time to think about it. 4.There was __little___traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected. 5.The bus service isn’t very good at night----there are ___few__buses after 9 o’clock.

可数与不可数名词

寒假专题二:名词数的表达 二. 重点、难点: 语法详解:不可数名词及可数名词数的表达 三. 具体内容: 重难点解析: 英语表达数目和数量的特别方法 不可数名词没有表示复数的“—s”标志,因此前面不可有数目字,只可以有数量词。例如我们可以说①,不可以说②: ①There is not much furniture(家具)in the office. ②There are not many furnitures in the office. 这是不是说不可数名词就不可数呢?不然。相反的,不可数名词也是可数的,主要方法是借助单位词(unit word),如: a piece of,a cup of,a drop of,a lump of,a handful of,a flash of,a blade of,a head of,a bar of,an ear of等。 如果数目超过“一”,就以确实数目取代“一”。例如: two pieces of,three cups of 和five lumps of 等。 现在试试把上述这类单位词和适当的不可数名词连用。 ①Mr. Li has just bought a piece of new furniture. ②Give me a cup of cold water,please. ③Please put two lumps of sugar in my coffee. ④The boy picked up two handfuls of sand from the beach. ⑤We saw a flash of lightning in the sky. ⑥The gardener pulled out blades of wild grass from the garden. ⑦She gave bars of chocolate to the visiting children. 有些名词如scissors,trousers,spectacles,tongs,pliers 等,都以复数形式出现,如: ⑧The scissors are lying on the table. ⑨The spectacles fit me nicely. 如果要给这些名词表示单数“一”的意思,就要借重单位词了。例如: ⑩Mary has just bought a pair of scissors. 11 The mechanic repaired the machine with a set of pliers. 现代英语注重简洁,合成形容词便应运而生,其中有一种是用来表示数目的,方法是:“数目+名词”,如:a five—year plan,a ten—dollar note,a two—hour meeting,a three —day conference等。 必须注意的是,这种合成形容词中的名词,只能以单数形式出现。如果用复数,就错了,如: a five—years plan,a ten—dollars note,a two—hours meeting,a three—days conference. 这类错误,虽然频率不是很高,但也是要留意才好。 如果没有把握,不妨用完整的表达方式,如: a five—year plan→a plan of five years a ten—dollar note→a note of ten dollars a three—day conference→a conference of three days 等。

初中英语可数名词归纳总结.doc

初中英语可数名词归纳总结 初中英语知识点中有可数名词和不可数名词,所以学习的时候注意区别开。以下是我分享给大家的初中英语可数名词归纳,希望可以帮到你! 初中英语可数名词归纳 1.可数名词 可数名词一般可以分成以下三类: 第一类:如bike,desk, factory等,这类名词占可数名词的多数。以bike为例: There are fifty bikes at this shop.这家商店有50辆自行车。 第二类:如clothes等,本身表示复数形式。以clothes为例: She cares for nice clothes.她爱好穿着。 2.不可数名词 不可数名词的用法特征主要有以下几种: (1)不带冠词的单数形式需用动词单数作谓语。例如: Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。 (2)由much,little等词修饰。例如: They have saved much money for future use.他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。 (3)与表示单位的量词如a piece of等连用。例如: Go and fetch me a piece of chalk.给我去拿一支粉笔。 要十分注意的是:不可数名词不能与不定冠词或数词直接用在一起。如

不能说a good news, an advice, a hard work等。 不可数名词可以与量词使用构成不同的词组: 如: a piece of paper 一张纸 a drop of water 一滴水 a 1oaf of bread 一条面包 a bag of money 一袋钱 a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 a pair of shoes 一双鞋 可数名词变复数知识点 可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化: 1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s ",如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等; 2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加"-es ",如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等; 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加"-es ",如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等; 4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为"ves ",如:knife-knives, half-halves等; 5)以o结尾的词,加"-s "或"-es ",如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了"英雄"hero外,凡是能吃的,加"-es ",不能吃的加"-s "。 2、不规则变化: 1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;

小学英语不可数名词知识点汇总

小学英语不可数名词知识点汇总 小学英语不可数名词知识点 01 普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。 可数名词分为个体名词和集体名词。 个体名词表示某类人或事物中的个体:worker, farmer, desk, factory 集体名词表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物: people, family, army 02 如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。 不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质:meat, rice, water, milk, orange 抽象名词表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念:work, homework, time, health, friendship 03 不可数名词可以与表示量的可数名词连用。 借以表示“可数”的概念,我们可以加a(n) 如:a piece of advice一条建议 a basket of fruit一篮水果 an item of information 一则信息 a kind of protection一种保护 a cube of ice一方块冰 three cups of tea三杯茶 04 不可数名词前一般可加定冠词,但永远不能加不定冠词! I like to skate on an ice.( × ) I like to skate on the ice. ( √ )我喜欢在冰上溜滑。 下列用法均属错误:

a water, a cloth, an information, a hair 05 不可数名词作主语,谓语要用单数形式。 The food isvery fresh.食品很新鲜。 06 some, any,no, a little, much, a lot of等词往往可以加在不可数名词的前面,修饰不可数名词。 1. I don’t want any help.我不需要任何帮助。 2. There’s some milk in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。 07 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。 water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子) 08 小学阶段常见不可数名词 milk牛奶work工作 advice忠告/主意age年龄 baggage行李beauty美丽,漂亮 bread面包beer啤酒 camping露营cloth布 coffee咖啡courage勇气 cream奶油damage损害 death死亡dust尘土 experience经验fear担心 furniture家具gain获得、获利 glass玻璃gold黄金 help帮助hope希望 hair头发horror恐惧

初一可数名词和不可数名词讲解

初一可数名词和不可数名词讲解 定义:1可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西;因此它有复数形式,当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时,句子的谓语也应用复数形式。 2.不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西;它一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an 。 可数名词用法讲解 可数名词有单复数之分。 ㈠单数可数名词 1. 单数可数名词一般不会单独出现,前面通常要有限定词。 例如:She is friend(friend 前面加上my.) I have pen.(pen前面加上a) I like boy.(boy前面加上this) 限定词通常有三类。 ⑴冠词。经常用不定冠词a、an。 ⑵形容词性物主代词。 ⑶指示代词this、that 。this、that可用the代替。 2.单数可数名词做主语看作第三人称单数,谓语动词使用三单(单数)形式。 My father is (be) very tall. His brother likes (like) playing basketball.

㈡可数名词的复数形式。 1.单数变复数 规则变化 a.一般情况下,直接加-s.如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives e.以o结尾,通常加s.初中范围只有这四个词Negro hero potato potato 这 四个词加es 如tomato -potatoes. tomato-tomatoes巧记黑人英雄种西红柿和马铃薯这四个词es 不规则变化: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese. 2.什么时候使用可数名词的复数形式? a.数词大于1,可数名词用复数。 b.可数名词前有Some/any、these/those 、a lot of/lots of、many、How many、a few修饰时,可数名词用复数。 Some/any+可复 a lot of/lots of+可复 Many+可复 How many+可复 A few+可复 c.复数名词表示泛指是可数名词使用复数形式。

初中英语名词单复数教案

名词单复数教案 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词:可以用来计数的名词,有单数和复数形式,如:desk-desks, apple-apples等 不可数名词:不可以直接用来计数的名词,没有复数形式,只有单数形式,如:some bread, a little milk等 一、可数名词 1. 可数名词复数的规则变化 1)一般名词变复数在其后面加s,如map→maps (地图) 2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加es,如bus→buses(公共汽车),watch→watches(手 表),box→boxes,dish→dishes(盘子) 3)A.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如baby→babies(婴儿) B.以元音字母+y结尾的词,直接加s,如monkey→monkeys(猴),holiday→holidays(假期),storey→storeys(楼层); 注意:以y结尾的专有名词变复数时,直接加s,如:two Marys, the Henrys 4)以o 结尾的名词变复数时: A. 表示无生命的加s, 如photo→photos(照片),piano→pianos(钢琴), r adio→radios(收音机), zoo→zoos(动物园) B. 表示有生命的加es,如hero→heroes(英雄),potato→potatoes(土豆),tomato→tomatoes(西 红柿)巧记:英雄爱吃土豆炖西红柿。 特殊:zero→zeros / zeroes。 5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时: A. 变f,fe 为v,再加es,如half→halves(一半),knife→knives(刀子),wife→wives(妻 子),life→lives (生命)巧记:小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用刀子(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)。 B. 加s的名词有:belief→beliefs(信念),roof→roofs (屋顶) 特殊:如handkerchief→handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 Practice: 1. They come from different ______ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys 2. How many ______ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato 3. There are some ______ in these _______. A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 4. _______ are good for our health.

量词、名词搭配表

说明 本表以量词为条目,共选收常见量词45条。可与表中所列多个量词搭配的名词,以互见形式出现。 1、把bǎ 菜刀、剪刀、宝剑(口)、铲子、铁锨、尺子、扫帚、椅子、锁、钥匙 伞(顶)、茶壶、扇子、提琴、手枪(支) 2、本běn 书(部、套)、著作(部)、字典(部)、杂志(份)、账 3、部bù 书(本、套)、著作(本)、字典(本) 电影(场)、电视剧、交响乐(场) 电话机、摄像机(架、台) 汽车(辆、台) 4、场chánɡ 雨、雪、冰雹、大风 病、大战、官司 5、场chǎnɡ 电影(部)、演出(台)、话剧(台)、杂技(台)、节目(台、套)、交响乐(部)、 比赛(节、项)、考试 6、道dào 河(条)、瀑布(条) 山(座)、山脉(条)、闪电、伤痕(条) 门(扇)、墙(面) 命令(项、条)、试题(份、套)、菜(份) 7、滴dī 水、血、油、汗水、眼泪 8、顶dǐnɡ 伞(把)、轿子、帽子、蚊帐、帐篷

9、对duì 夫妻、舞伴、耳朵(双、只)、眼睛(双、只)、翅膀(双、只)、球拍(副、 只)、沙发(套)、枕头、电池(节) 10、朵duǒ 花、云(片)、蘑菇 11、份fan 菜(道)、午餐、报纸(张)、杂志(本)、文件、礼物(件)、工作(项)、事 (件)、试题(道、套) 12、幅fú 布(块、匹)、被面、彩旗(面)、图画(张)、相片(张) 13、副fù 对联、手套(双、只)、眼镜、球拍(对、只) 脸(张)、扑克牌(张)、围棋、担架 14、个ɡa 人、孩子 盘子、瓶子 梨、桃儿、橘子、苹果、西瓜、土豆、西红柿 鸡蛋、饺子、馒头 玩具、皮球 太阳、月亮、白天、上午 国家、社会、故事 15、根ɡēn 草(棵)、葱(棵)、藕(节)、甘蔗(节) 胡须、头发、羽毛 冰棍儿、黄瓜(条)、香蕉、油条、竹竿 针、火柴、蜡烛(支)、香(支、盘)、筷子(双、支)、电线、绳子(条)、项链 (条)、辫子(条) 16、家jiā 人家、亲戚(门) 工厂(座)、公司、饭店、商店、医院(所)、银行(所)

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词解析及练习

初中英语——可数名词和不可数名词 一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别 普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。 二、关于可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下: 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。 如:book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days 2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es 。如: bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxes 3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如: city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如: half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5. 特例[悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。] ① child → children ② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen(规律:man → men) ③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes [初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然加-s喽!如:photo → photos ] ④ foot → feet tooth→ teeth[悄悄话:oo变成ee。] ⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话:变复数时词形不变。] ⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数;people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。 三、关于不可数名词 1. 不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。 如:The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。 2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。 如:water (水)→ waters (水域)orange (橘汁)→ oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。 如:fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 四、名词可数不可数“六注意” 1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples 等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some bread, a little milk等。 2、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the。如: He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。 No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。 3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示"一些,许多"。如: There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。 There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。 4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

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